w - Sathyadoothan.com · 2019HI vtSm_À e¡ w 10 hn3e 0 AlvaZn¿m {]Øm\w kÀs FkIv\y q«³ GIssZh...

$: w - Sathyadoothan.com · 2019HI vtSm_À e¡ w 10 hn3e 0 AlvaZn¿m {]Øm\w kÀs FkIv\y q«³ GIssZh hnizmknbmb imkv{X{]Xn` bp² `oXn Hgnbm¯ ]ivNntajy$
hne 302019 HIvtSm_À e¡ w 10

AlvaZn¿m {]Øm\w

kÀ sFkIv \yq«³GIssZh hnizmknbmb

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kpelvX_veoKvAam³ilmZ¯vlnPd¯vFlvkm³h^mkplqÀX_qJvCJmAv\p_pÆ¯v^Xvlv

Hcp \qäm nt\mSSp¡ p¶ aebmf¯nse GI CkvemanI {]kn²oIcWw

amt\PÀ

F v. AlvaZv jm^nt^m¬: 8089574250

kXyZqX³akvPnZv DaÀ, skâvs_\UnIvSv tdmUv, FdWmIpfw t\mÀ¯v, sIm nþ682018

Printed & Published by B.B. Ahmad Kabeer, for the Kerala Ahmadiyya Muslim Jama-ath Printed at Anaswara Offset, Perandoor Jn.,Elamakkara, Ernakulam-682 026.

Published at Masjid Umar, St. Benedict Road, Ernakulam, Kochi-18. Edited by A.M. Muhammed Salim. Design: Mubarak Ahmed, KKD

The Sathyadoothan Monthly

lZvd¯v anÀkm akvdqÀ AlvaZv (A¿Zlp..)

2019 ln.i.1399þ1441 k^À -þ d_oDÂ AÆÂ]pkvXIw 91 e¡ w 10hne 30 cq]

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No^v FUnäÀ

F v. iwkp±o³t^m¬: 99460 21252

FunäÀ

G. Fw. apl½Zv keowt^m¬: 80755 [email protected]

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2019 HIvtSm_¿kXyZqX≥4

\nßƒ `qanbn¬ \miap≠m°cpXv F∂vAhtcmSv ]dbs∏Sptºmƒ Rßƒ \∑ {]h¿Øn°p∂h¿ am{XamsW∂v Ah¿ ]dbpw.AdnbpI Xo¿®bmbpw Ah¿ Xs∂bmWv\miImcnIƒ. ( 2: 12, 13)

aXØns‚ ImcyØn¬ Xo{hX kq£n°pI.\nßƒ°v apºp≈h¿ \in®Xv Xo{hX aqeamWv.(apkv\Zv AlvaZv)

Cu cmjv{SØnse Ahn`mPy LSIßfmb c≠p kapZmbßfmIp∂plnμp°fpw apkvenwßfpw. Chcn¬ GsX¶nepw Hcp Iq´¿ Ft∏msg¶nepwHcpan®p IqSn a‰hsc AXmbXv lnμp°ƒ H∂ptN¿∂v apkvenwIsftbmapkvenwIƒ H∂p tN¿∂v lnμp°sftbm cmPyØn¬ \n∂v]pdØm°n°fbmsa∂v hnNmcn°p∂Xv Hcp anYymhnNmcamIp∂p. adn®vCu c≠p Iq´scbpw CW°n \n¿Øp∂ _‘w A]cntOZyamw hn[wiIvXntbdnbXmWvXm\pw, Chbn¬ HcpIq´¿°v s]mXp \nebnep≈ HcpB]Øv kw`hn°p∂ ]£w a‰h¿°pw AXns‚ _m[tb¬°msXAI∂ncn°m≥ km≤ya√..........AXn\mep≠mIp∂ IjvS∏mSn¬ \n∂pwAhcpw ]¶v A\p`hnt°≠nhcpw. Hcp Iq´¿ Alw`mh]q¿Δw a‰hsc\nμn°pIbpw Ahtlfn°pIbpw sNøm≥ {ian°p∂]£w Ahcpw AtXhn[Øn¬ \nμ°v e£o`hn°pw. Hcp Iq´¿ a‰hcpsS t\sc A\pIº`mhn°p∂ns√¶n¬ Ah¿°v ChcpsSbpw A\pIº e`n°p∂X√. Cuc≠p kapZmbßfnse GsX¶nepw Hcp hyIvXn as‰ kapZmbØn\v \miwhcpØm≥ t\m°p∂ ]£w, Ah≥ Xm\ncn°p∂ hr£ imJ ssIsIm≠vsh´n apdn°p∂ Hcphs\ t]msebmIp∂p. an{Xßtf ssZhm\p{KlØm¬\nßƒ Ct∏mƒ hnZymkº∂cmWt√m. Cu L´Øn¬ \nßƒ F√mØcw]Ibpw hntcm[hpw \nßfpsS lrZbØn¬ \n∂v AI‰n°fbpIbpw\nßƒ ]ckv]cw ssa{Xnbnepw t£aImw£bnepw apt∂m´v Kan°pIbpwsNtø≠XmhiyamIp∂p.....(ssa{Xo ktμiw˛ lZvdØv AlvaZv (A)

A\yaXkvYsc ]pdØm°p∂XvssZh tIm]Øn\v ImcWamIpw


FUnt‰mdnb¬

lnμp°fpw apkvenwIfpw H∂n°pI

AXnemWv ssZhnIm\p{Klwlnμpapkvenw sFIyØn\v th≠n ka¿∏n°s∏´ aX]chpw kmaqlnIhpamb am\ßfp≈Akm[mcWamb Hcp sIm®p IrXn AlvaZnøm {]kvYm\ kvYm]Icmb lZvdØv AlvaZv (A)ssa{Xo ktμiw (ss]Kmsa kp¬lv) F∂ t]cn¬ {]kn≤oIcn°pIbp≠mbn. 1908 Pq¨ 21\v emtlm¿ bqWnthgvkn‰n lmfn¬ Hcp tbmKw hnfn®p tN¿Øv hnfw_cw sNøm\pt±in® Cuim¥nZqXv A£ckm£mXv°mcw t\Snsb¶nepw hmKvZØ akolns‚ XncphZ\Øn-¬ \n∂vAXv hNn°s∏Sp∂Xn\v apºv B ZnhymXvamhv icoc ]©cw hn´v Xs‚ \mYs‚ khn[Ønte°vbm{Xbmbn. hn[nI¬∏nXamb Xs‚ acW iøt]mepw hmKvZØ akolv kam[m\ ZuXyØns‚A\izcamb Hcp anlvdm_m°pIbmbncp∂p. aXsshhn[yßfpsS \m\m \mZßƒ sIm≠v {ipXnkaRvPkamb a[pc kwKoXws]mgnt°≠Xn\v ]Icw Cu ]pWy`qanbn¬ aXßƒ ]et∏mgpw Iem]Øns‚ cWt`cnapg°pIbpw kwL¿jØns‚ t£m`nXmhkvY°v thZnbmhpIbpw sNbvXp. hmKvZØakolns\ CXv acW iøbn¬ t]mepw s\mºcs∏SpØn. Hcp ssZh t{]jnXs‚ lrZbImepjyßƒ ssZh khn[Øn¬ Dcp°bn®v hnem]ßfmbpb¿∂t∏mƒ B almXvamhns‚lrZbktcmhcØn¬ \n∂pw Hcp Nn¥m {]hmlw Dcphw sIm≈pIbmbncp∂p. aXßfpsS{]mamWnI \ne]mSpIfn¬ \n∂p sIm≠v a\pjymXvamhnt\mSv \SØnb lrZb \n¿`camb\nthZ\ambncp∂p ssa{Xoktμiw. aXssa{Xnsb ]‰n ]d™ cmjv{Sob Kpcp°∑mcpsS s]m≈bmb \bX{¥ `mj hmKvZØakoln\v A\yambncp∂p. [m¿anI bpIvXnbpsS B¿Phap≈ B Znhym£cßƒ h{PkqNnt]mse a\pjymXvamhnte°v CdßnsN√p∂XmWv. _lpkzcXbp≈ `mcXob kaqlØnseIepjnXamb aXm¥co£Ønte°v aXIobamb am\sshIyØns‚ ssZh{]tNmZnXambam¿§tcJbmWv hmKvZØ akolns‚ ssa{Xo ktμiw. hwi h¿§hyXymksam∂pan√msX a\pjya°fmb \mw H∂n®p Pohn®v Hcpabn¬h¿Øn®mep≠mIp∂ A\p{KlØns‚ ]mTßfmWv At±lw \¬InbXv. aXhyXymkßtfmBib sshPmXyßtfm Hcn°epw Xs∂ am\sshIyØnt\m ]ckv]c kvt\lØnt\mXS a√. a\pjymXvamhn¬ \n∂v {]hln°p∂ kvt\l {]NfiamcpX≥ aX`nØnItfbpwtZimXn¿ØnItfbpw hwi hnthN\ßtfbpw AXnh¿Øn®v A\¿§fambn HgptI≠Xp≠v.A√mØ ]£w a\pjycp≠m°p∂ kv]¿ZIƒ°v ssZhØn¬ \n∂p Xs∂bp≈ hn]ØpIƒ\sΩ _m[nt®°mw. hmKvZØ akolv (A) ]dbp∂p:‘sFIyw AYhm ssa{Xn F{Xbpw Aaq-ey-am-b-Xm-Ip∂p. a‰p bmsXmcp am¿t§Wbpw Zqco-I-cn-°m≥ km[ya√mØ hn]-Øp-I-tfbpw at‰-Xp-]mbw aqehpw ]cn-l-cn-lcn°m≥ Ign-bmØhnj-a-X-I-tfbpw sFIyw aptJ\ Pbn-°m≥ Ign-bp-∂XmWv... ssZhw Fs∂ Adn-bn-®ncn°p∂p.a\p-jy≥ Ah-cpsS Zp¿hr-Øn-Ifn¬ \n∂v hnc-an-°p-Ibpw Ah¿ Xß-fpsS AIr-Xy-ß-sf-Ipdn®v ]ivNmØ]n®p ssZh-tØmSv £a bmNn-°p-Ibpw sNøm-Xn-cn-°p∂psh¶n¬ temI-Øn\p `b-¶-c-amb hn]-Øp-Ifpw \mi-ßfpw kw`-hn°pIbpw Hcp hn]Øv Hgn-™p-t]m-hp-∂-Xn-\p-apºv as‰mcp `b-¶c -\miw XpS¿∂p≠mIp∂XpamWv. HSp°w a\p-jy≥ Cu hn]-Øp-I-fm¬ kw{`-a-Nn-Ø-cm-bn Atlm! C\n F¥p kw`-hn°m≥ t]mIp∂p F∂v tNmZn®p XpS-ßpw. At\-I¿ hnhn-[-ßfmb B]-ØpI-f-n¬ IpSpßn {`m¥v ]nSn-s]-´-h-sc- t]m-se-bmbv`hn°pw. BI-bm¬ A√tbm \m´p-Im-cmb ktlm-Z-c-∑msc! B \mfp-Iƒ hcp-∂Xn\v apºmbn\nßƒ PmKcqK-cm-Ip-hn≥. lnμp-°fpw apkvenwIfpw XΩn¬ k‘n sNøs´. sFIyØn\vXS- -am-bn- XocØ° hn[w A\ymbw {]h¿Øn®n-cn-°p∂ kap-Zmbw B A\ym-bsØ Dt]-£n-°m-Ø -]£w At\ym\y-ap≈ kv]¿Z°pw sshc-Øn\pw B kap-Zmbw DØ-c-hm-Zn-bm-Ip∂XmWv. (ssa-{Xo-k-tμ-iw)


lZvdØv AlvaZv (A)

bpKi_vZw

{]nb kplrØp°tf! ]ctemI Imcyw an°P\ßƒ°pw tKm]yambncn°p∂ HcphnjbamWv. AXns‚ clkyw, k¿tΔm]cnalØztadnb B kØ°pth≠n BXvaka¿∏Ww sNøpIbpw acWw hcp∂Xn\pwaptº acWsØ hcn°pIbpw sNøp∂h¿°vam{XamIp∂p shfns∏SpamdmIp∂Xv. F∂m¬sFlnI PohnXsØ kw_‘n®v KpWtamtZmjtam Bb Imcyßƒ kq£vaZr°pIƒ°vI≠dnbm≥ km[n°p∂XmWv. . . . . . . . . . . . . .sFIyØns‚ A\pKrloX êßfn¬ \n∂v\mw \sΩ AI‰n°fbp∂Xv Hcn°epw_p≤n]q¿ΔIambncn°n√. Cu cmjv{SØnseAhn`mPy LSIßfmb c≠p kapZmbßfmIp∂p lnμp°fpw apkvenwßfpw. Chcn¬GsX¶nepw Hcp Iq´¿ Ft∏msg¶nepw Hcpan®pIqSn a‰hsc AXmbXv lnμp°ƒ H∂ptN¿∂vapkvenwIsftbm apkvenwIƒ H∂p tN¿∂vlnμp°sftbm cmPyØn¬ \n∂v ]pdØm°n°fbmsa∂v hnNmcn°p∂Xv Hcp anYymhnNmcamIp∂p. adn®v Cu c≠p Iq´scbpw CW°n\n¿Øp∂ _‘w A]cntOZyamw hn[wiIvXntbdnbXmWvXm\pw. Chbn¬ HcpIq´¿°vs]mXp \nebnep≈ Hcp B]Øv kw`hn°p∂]£w a‰h¿°pw AXns‚ _m[tb¬°msXAI∂ncn°m≥ km≤ya√.......... AXn\mep≠mIp∂ IjvS∏mSn¬ \n∂v Ahcpw ]¶v A\p`hnt°≠nhcpw. Hcp Iq´¿ Alw`mh]q¿Δwa‰hsc \nμn°pIbpw Ahtlfn°pIbpwsNøm≥ {ian°p∂]£w Ahcpw AtXhn[Øn¬ \nμ°v e£o`hn°pw. Hcp Iq´¿a‰hcpsS t\sc A\pIº `mhn°p∂ns√¶n¬Ah¿°v ChcpsSbpw A\pIº e`n°p∂X√.Cu c≠p kapZmbßfnse GsX¶nepw HcphyIvXn as‰ kapZmbØn\v \miw hcpØm≥t\m°p∂ ]£w, Ah≥ Xm\ncn°p∂ hr£

imJ ssIsIm≠v shń apdn°p∂ Hcphs\t]msebmIp∂p. an{Xßtf! ssZhm\p{KlØm¬ \nßƒ Ct∏mƒ hnZymkº∂cmWt√m.Cu L´Øn¬ \nßƒ F√mXcw ]Ibpwhntcm[hpw \nßfpsS lrZbØn¬ \n∂vAI‰n°fbpIbpw \nßƒ ]ckv]cw ssa{Xnbnepw t£aImw£bnepw apt∂m´v Kan°pIbpwsNtø≠XmhiyamIp∂p...........\nßƒ CcpIq´¿°pw kam[m\w F{Xbpw AXymhiyambncn°p∂ Hcp ImeL´ØnemWv Rm≥ tbmPn∏n\mbvs°m≠v \nßsf £Wn°p∂Xv. temIØv ]eXcØnep≈ B]ØpIƒ D≠mbns°m≠ncn°p∂p. qIºßfpw £maßfpw h∂psIm≠ncn°p∂p. tπKv \sΩ C\nbpw hn´pamdnbnń√.ssZhw Fs∂ Adnbn®ncn°p∂p. a\pjy≥AhcpsS Zp¿hrØnbn¬ \n∂v hncan°pIbpwAh¿ XßfpsS AIrXyßsf°pdn®v ]ivNmØ]n®v ssZhtØmSv am∏v At]£n°pIbpwsNømXncn°p∂psh¶n¬, temIØn\v `b¶cambp≈ hn]ØpIfpw \mißfpw kw`hn°pw.Hcp hn]Øv Hgn™p t]mIp∂Xn\v apºvas‰mcp`b¶c \miw XpS¿∂v D≠mIp∂XmWv.HSp°w a\pjy≥ Cu hn]ØpIfm¬kw{àNnØcmbn Atlm C\n F¥p kw`hn°m≥ t]mIp∂p? F∂p tNmZn®p XpSßpw.At\I¿ hnhn[ßfmb B]ØpIfn¬ s]´v{`m¥v ]nSns]´hs\t∏msebmbn `hn°pw.AXn\m¬ A√tbm \m´pImcmb ktlmZctc! B\mfpIƒ hcp∂Xn\v apºmbn \nßƒPmKcqKcmIpho≥ ! lnμp°fpw apkvenwIfpwXΩn¬ k‘nsNøs´ . sFIyØn\v XS ambnXocØ°hn[w A\ymbw {]h¿Øn®ncn°p∂kapZmbw B A\ymbsØ Dt]£n°s´.A√mØ]£w At\ym\yap≈ kv]¿ZbpwsshcyØn∂pw B kapZmbw DØchmZnbmIp∂XmWv. (ssa{Xo ktμiw)

lnμp°fpw apkvenwIfpw

sFIyØn¬ h¿Øn°Ww


JpXv_ kw{Klw

Aao-dp¬ apAvan-\o≥ Jeo- -Øp¬a-kolv lZvdØv an¿km akvdq¿ AlvaZv

(AøZlp..) 2019 sk]vXw_¿ 20\v ss_Øp¬ pXqlv, e≠\n¬ \n¿hln®

PpapA JpXv_bpsS kw{Klw. hnh. auehn sI. \Pvap±o≥

lZvdØv an¿km akvdq¿ AlvaZv (AøZlp...)

_Z¿ cWm¶WØnse

[octbm≤m°ƒ

l-Zvd-Øv b-ko-Zp-_n-\p dp-ssJ-in-s\-°p-dn-®p-≈ ]cma¿-i-tØm-sS-bm-Wv Rm-\n-∂v _Z-co kz-lm-_m°sf-°p-dn-®p-≈ hn-hc-WwB-cw-`n-°p-∂Xv. l-Zvd-Øv bko-Zv_-Z¿, D-lZ,v Jμ-Jv bp-≤-ß-fpƒ-s∏-sS-bp-≈ F√m bp-≤-ß-fnepw\-_n (k) Xn -cp -ta\n -tbm-sSm -∏w]s¶Sp-Øn-cp∂p. _-Z¿ bp-≤-Øn¬ A-t±-lw Xm-bn tKm{X-Øn¬-s∏- A-wdp-_n≥ kp- n-bm≥F-∂ hy-‡n-sb h-[n-®n-cp-∂p. l-Zv-dØv bko-Zv b-am-ambp-≤ -Znh

kw ln-Pvcn 12 \v i-lo-Zmbn. b-amambp-≤-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ hn-i-Zo-Ic-Ww C-{]-Im-c-am-Wv.

l-Zvd-Øv A-_q-_-°¿(d)s‚ Jn-em^-Øp Im-e-Øv 11 ln-Pvcn-bn¬ap-ssken-a I-±m-_n-s\-Xn-cm-bn b-am-am F ∂ {]-tZ-i-Øph-®v \-S-∂bp-≤-am-Wv b-am-am bp≤w. lZvd-ØvA-_q-_-°¿(d) ap-ssk-ena-sb t\-cn-Sm-\mbn l-Zvd-Øv C-Ivcn-a _n≥A-_q-P-l-en-s‚ t\-Xr-Xz-Øn¬ H-cp ssk-\y-sØ A-b®p. A-t±l-sØ k-lm-bn-°m-\m-bn A-t±-l-

Øn-\p ]pd-sI l-Zv-d-Øv i-d-lv-_o-ep-_v-\p l-k-\-bp-sS t\-Xr-Xz-Øn¬ H-cp ssk-\y-sØbpw A-b-®p. l-Zvd-Øv i-d-lv_o¬ F-Øn-t®-cp-∂-Xn-\p apºm-bnØ-s∂ l-Zv-d-Øv C-Ivcn-a ap-ssken-a I-±m-_p-am-bn bp-≤w B-cw-`n®p. F-∂m¬A-t±-lw ap-ssk-en-a-tbm-Sv ]-cm-P-b-s∏-´p. Cu kw-`-h-sØ-°p-dn-®vl-Zvd-Øv i-d-lv_o-en-\p hnh-cw e-`n -®-t∏mƒ A-t±-lw h-gn -bn¬Øs∂ \n-∂p. l-Zvd-Øv C-Ivcn-aX-s‚ ]-cm-P-b-sØ-°p-dn-®v l-Zvd-Øv A-_q-_-°¿(d)\v F-gp-Xn-b-t∏mƒ l-Zvd-Øv A-_q-_-°¿(d) A-t±l-sØ F-gp-Xn A-dn-bn-®p: \oa-Zo-\-bn-te-°p Xn-cn-®p h-c-cp-XvImc-Ww P-\-ß-fn¬ o-cpXzw D-≠m-Ip-∂-XmWv. AXp-sIm-≠v ssk-\y-sØ-bpw Iq-´n H-am-\n-se-bpw an-lv-dm-bn-sebpw I-em-]-Im-cn-I-fp-am-bn bp-≤w sN-øp-I. A-Xn-\pti-jwb-a-\n-tebpw l-Z-d-au-Øn-tebpwI-em-]-Im-cn-I-fp-am-bn bp-≤w sN-øp-I. l-Zv-d-Øv A-_q-_-°¿(d) l-Zvd-Øv i-dlv-_o-en-s\gpXn; l-Zvd-Øv Jm-en-Zp-_v-\p h-eo-Zv h-cp-∂-Xph-sc A-hn-sS X-s∂ \n¬-°p-I. ap-ssken-a I-±m-_n-s\ t\-cn-Sm-\m-bn l-Zvd-Øv Jm-en-Zn-s\ ]-d-™b-®p. A-t±-l-Øn-s‚ Iq-sS ap-lm-Pn-dp-I-fp-sSbpw A≥-kzm-dp-I-fp -sSbpw hen -sbm -cp kw-L-sØbpw A-b-®p. A≥-kzm-dp-I-fp-sS kw-L-Ø-e-h≥ l-Zvd-Øv km-


_n-Xp-_v\p ssJkpw ap-lm-Pn-dp-I-fp-sS t\-Xm°ƒ l-Zvd-Øv lp-ssZ-^bpw ssk-Zp-_n-\p J-Xzm-_pw B-bn-cp∂p. l-Zv-d-Øv Jm-en-Zv F-Øp-∂-Xn-\p aptº l-Zvd-Øv i-d-lv-_o¬ ap-ssken-a I-±m-_n-s\-Xncm-bn bp≤am-cw-`n-°p-Ibpw ]-cm-Pn-X-\m-Ip-Ibpw sN-bvXp. l-Zv-d-Øv A-_q-_-°¿(d), l-Zvd-Øv Jm-en-Zn-s\]n-d-In¬ \n-∂mcpw B-{I-an-°m-Xn-cn-°p-hm-\m-bn l-Zvd-Øv kp-sse-Øn-s‚ t\-Xr-Xz-Ø-n¬ H-cp c-£m-kw-L-sØ-°q-Sn A-b®p. B bp-≤-Øn¬ ap-kvenw-I-fp-sS ssk-\y-Øn¬ ]-Xn-aq-hm-bn-chpw ap-ssk-en-a-bp-sS ssk-\y-Øn¬ \m-ev-]-Xn-\m-bn-chpw B-fp-I-fp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v hn-h-cn-°-s∏-Sp∂p. l-Zvd-ØvJm-en-Zv k-ao-]-sØ-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p-sh-∂-dn-™-t∏mƒ ap-ssken-a D-Jvd-_m F-∂ {]-tZi-Øv X-º-Sn-®p.A-hn-sS-bp-≈ B-fpI-sf k-lm-b-Øn-\m-bn hn-fn-°p-Ibpw sN-bv-Xp.h-f-sc-b-[n-Iw B-fp-I-ƒ ap-ssk-en-a-bp-sS k-lm-b-Øn-\m-bn F-Øm≥ Xp-Sßn. A-Xn-\n -S -bn¬apPm-B _n≥ adm-d H-cp kw-L-hp-am-bn ]p-d-Øn-dßn. ap-kvenw-IƒA-bm-sf-bpw Iq-´m-fn-I-sfbpw ]n-Sn-Iq-Sn. l-Zvd-Øv Jm-en-Zv, ap-PmA-sb Po-h-t\m-sS ]n-Sn-Iq-Sp-Ibpwkw-L-Øn-ep -≈h-sc h-[n -°p-Ibpw sN-bv-Xp. F-s¥-∂m¬ _-\q-l-\o- m tKm-{X-°m¿ hf-sc B-Z-cn-®n-cp-∂ hy-‡n-bm-bn-cp-∂p ap-Pm-B. ap-ssk-en-a-bp-sS a-I≥ i-d-lv-_o¬, _-\q-l-\o^-sb {]tIm-∏n-°m-\m-bn Cß-s\ ]-d™p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p. C-∂v \n-ß-fpsS am-\w Im-t°-≠ Zn-h-k-amWv, C-∂v \n-ßƒ]-cm-P-b-s∏-´m¬ \n-ß-fp-sS kv-{Xo-Iƒ A-Sn-a-I-fm-°-s∏-Spw. AXp-sIm-≠v \n-ß-fp-sS A-¥ pw A-`n-am-\hpw kw-c-£n-°p-∂-Xn-\p-th-≠n ]q¿-W [o-c-X {]ISn-∏n®p-sIm-≠v \n-ß-fp-sS kv-{XoI-sf c-£n-°p-I. Aß-s\ bp-≤w B-cw-`n-®p.ap-lm-Pn-dp-I-fp-sS ]Xm-I l-Zv-d-Øvkmenw au-em-bp-sS ssI-I-fn-em-bn-cp∂p. A-Xn-\p apºv A-–p√m-ln-

_v-\p ln- v-kn-s‚ I-øn-em-bn-cp-∂p.A-t±-lw i-lo-Zm-Ip-I-bm-Wp-≠m-bXv. A≥-kzm-dp-I-fp-sS ]Xm-I l-Zvd-Øv km-_n-Øp-_v-\p ssJ-kn-s‚I-øn-em-bn-cp∂p. tLm-c-am-b bp-≤w\-S∂p. ap-kv-enwI-sf kw-_-‘n-®n-S-tØm-fw apsºmcn-°epw CXp-t]m-sem-cp bp-≤-sØ t\-cn-tS-≠n-h-∂n-´p-≠m-bn-cp-∂n√. B bp-≤-Øn¬ ap-kvenw-Iƒ ]-cm-Pn-X-cm-bn._-\q-l-\o-^-bp-sS B-fp-Iƒ ap-PmA-sb tam-Nn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-\m-bn ap-t∂m-´p h∂p. A-bm-sf l-Zvd-ØvJm-en-Zv X-S-hn-em-°n-bn-cn-°p-I-bmbn-cp∂p. A-h¿ l-Zvd-Øv Jm-en-Zp-_v-\p h-eo-Zn-s‚ Iq-Sm-cw e-£y-am°n.l-Zvd-Øv Jm-en-Zn-s‚ `m-cy B Iq-Sm-c-Øn-ep-≠m-bn-cp∂p. B-fp-Iƒl-Zvd-Øv Jm-en-Zn-s‚ `m-cy-sb h-[n-°m≥ Xp-\n-™-t∏mƒ ap-Pm-B,A-h-cp-sS kwc-£-W Npa-X-eRm≥ G-s‰-Sp-Øn-cn-°p-∂p F-∂p]-d™p-sIm-≠v Ah-sc h-[n -°p∂-Xv X-S-™p. ]p-cp-j≥-am-scB-{I-an-°p-I F-∂v B-fp-I-tfm-Sp]-d™p. A-t∏mƒ A-h¿ Iq-Sm-cwA-dp-Øv A-hn-Sw hn´p-t]mbn. bp-≤w ho≠pw aq¿-On®p. _-\q-l-\o-^-m tKm-{X-ß-fn-se B-fp-Iƒ H-∂n®p tN-¿-∂v i-‡am-b B{Ia-Ww B-cw-`n®p. B Znh-kw hnP-bw Nn-e-t∏mƒ ap-kvenw-I-fp-sS ]-£-Øpw Nn-e-t∏mƒ k-Xy-\n-tj-[n-I-fp-sS ]-£-Øp-am-bn-cp∂p. Bbp-≤-Øn¬ l-Zvd-Øv km-enw, l-Zvd-Øv A-_q lp-ssZ-^, l-Zvd-Øvssk-Zp-_n≥ J-Xzm-_v Xp-Sßn-bB-Z-c-Wo-bcm-b kz-lm-_m-°ƒ i-lo-Zmbn. ap-kvenw-I-fp-sS Cu A-h-ÿ- I-≠-t∏mƒ ap-kvenw-I -fpsSta¬ F-hn-sS-\n-∂m-Wv B-{I-a-W-ap-≠-mIp-∂-sX-∂pw B-{I-a-W-Øn-s‚ Xo{h-X F-{X-am-{X-ap-s≠∂pwA-\p-am-\n-°p-∂-Xn-\mbn l-Zvd-ØvJm-en-Zv Hmtcm tKm-{X-ß-sf-bpw sh-tΔ-sd-bm-bn \n¿Øn. A-t∏mƒ ap-kvenw-Iƒ ]-c-kv]-cw ]-d-™p, C-∂v \-ap-°v e÷ tXm-∂p∂p. C-∂-sØ \-Ωp-sS A-h-ÿ hf-sc e-÷m-I-c-am-Wv. apkvenwI-sf kw-_-

‘n-®n-S-tØm-fw A-Xnepw hen-b{]bm-k-Øn-s‚ Zn-\w th-sd-bn√m-bn-cp-∂p. ap-sskena A-t∏m-gpw X-s‚ ÿm-\-ØpX-s∂ \n-e-bp-d-∏n-®n-cn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. bp-≤-Øn-s‚tI-{μ-ÿm-\w \n-tj-[n-I-fp-sS `m-K-Øm-bn-cp-∂p. ap-ssk-en-a- h-[n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xp-hsc bp-≤w A-h-km-\n-°p-I-bn√ F-∂v l-Zvd-Øv Jm-en-Zv a-\- n-em-°n. l-Zvd-Øv Jm-en-ZvA-Wn-bn¬ \n∂pw ap-t∂m-´p-h-cn-Ibpw bp-≤-Øn-s‚ ap-{Zm-hmIywap-g-°p-Ibpw sN-bvXp. 'bm ap-lΩ-Zv' F-∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p ap-{Zm-h-Iyw.ssa-Xm\-Øp h-∂-h-sc-sb√mw h-[n®p. l-Zvd-Øv Jm-en-Zv ap-ssk-ena-sb hn-fn-®p. A-bmƒ ap-∂n-te-°ph-∂n√ ]I-cw Hm-Sn c-£-s∏-Sp-I-bpw A-\p-N-c≥am-tcm-sSm-∏w kz-¥w tXm-´-Øn¬ A`-bw tX-Sm≥\n¿-_-‘n-X-\m-Ip-Ibpw sN-bv-Xp.tXm-´-Øn-s‚ I-hm-S-ßƒ A-S®p.ap-kvenw-Iƒ B tXm-´w h-f-™p.H-cp X{¥w {]-tbm-Kn-®v I-hm-Sw Xpd-∂v AI-Øp {]-th-in®p. ho≠pwtLm-cam-b bp-≤w \-S∂p. h-lv-inap-ssk-ena-sb h-[n®p. \-_n(k)Xn-cp-ta-\n-bp-sS ]n-Xr-hy-\m-bn-cp-∂ l-Zvd-Øv lwk-sb i-lo-Zm°n-bAtX h-lv-in X-s∂-bm-bn-cp-∂pAXv. B bp-≤-Øn¬ ap-kvenw-I-fp-sS `mK-Øp \n∂pw A-dp-\q-dn¬]-cw ap-lm-Pn-dp-Ifpw A≥-kzm-dp-Ifpw i-lo-Zm-b-t∏mƒ, _-\q l-\o-^-bp-sS D-Jvd-_m ssa-Xm\-ØvG-gm-bn-chpw tXm´-Øn¬ h-®v G-gm-bn-c-hpw Hm-Sn c-£-s∏-Sp-∂h-sc]n≥-Xp-S-¿-∂v G-gm-bn-cw k-Xy-\n-tj-[n-I-fpw h[n°-s∏-Sp-I-bp-≠m-bn.

A-Sp-Ø kz-lm-_n-bp-sS t]-cm-Wv A-–p√m-ln-_v-\p a-Jvcn-a. {]m-cw- -Im-e-Øv C-kvemw kzo-I-cn-® kz-lm-_n-I-fn¬-s∏- -bm-fm-bn-cp-∂p A-t±-lw. l-Zv-d-Øv A–p √m-ln-_v-\pa-Jvda-bv-°v c-≠v ln-Pv-d-Øp-Iƒ sN-øp-hm-\p-≈ ku-`m-Ky-ap-≠mbn. H-∂v l-_v-i-bn-te°pw a-s‰m-∂v a-Zo-\-bn-te-°pw. A-t±-lw _-Z¿ bp-≤-Ønepw Xp-S¿-∂p-≈ F√m bp-≤-


ß-fnepw ]-s¶-Sp-°p-bp-≠mbn. _-Z¿- bp-≤ k-ab-Øv A-t±-l-Øn-\vap∏-Xv h-b- m-bn-cp∂p. l-Zvd-ØvA-_q-_-°¿(d)s‚ Jn-em^-ØpImeL- -Øn¬ b-am-am bp-≤-Øn¬i-lo-Zm-Ip-tºmƒ A-t±-l-Øn-\v \m-ev-]-sØm∂vv h-b- m-bn-cp-∂p. l-Zvd-Øv a-Jvda-bv-°v ilo-Zm-Ip-hm≥A-tß-b‰-sØ B-th-iw D-≠m-bn-cp∂p. AXp-sIm-≠pXs∂ A-t±-lw A√m-lphn-t\mSv Cßs\ Zp-B sN-øp-am-bn-cp-∂p: A√m-lp-th,F-s‚ i-co-c-Øn-se Hmtcm k-‘n-bnepw A√m-lp-hn-s‚ am¿-K-Øn-te-‰ ap-dn-∏mSp-Iƒ Im-Wp-∂-Xph-sc\o-sb-s∂ a-cn-∏n-°-cptX. Aß-s\b-am-am bp-≤-Znh-kw k-‘n-I-fn-te-‰ ap-dn-hp Im-c-W-Øm¬ A-t±-lwi-lo-Zm-bn. l-Zvd-Øv A-–p√m-ln-_v-\p a-Jvda hen-b `-‡-\m-bn-cp∂p.bph-Xz Im-e-Øpw hf-sc C-_m-Z-Øp- sN-bv-Xn-cp∂p. l-Zvd-Øv C-_v-\p D-a¿ hn-h-cn-°p∂p, b-am-a bp-≤w \-S-∂ h¿-jw Rm\pw l-Zvd-Øv A-–p√m-ln-_v-\p a-Jvcn-abpwl-Zvd-Øv A-_qlp-ssZ-^-bp-sS kz-X-{¥-\m-°-s∏-´ A-Sn-a-bm-b l-Zvd-Øv km-enapw H-cp-an-®m-bn-cp∂p.ssk-\y-Øn-\p th≠n R-ßƒ aq-∂p t]-cpw am-dn- am-dn B-Sv ta-bv-°p-am-bn-cp∂p. bp-≤w B-cw-`n-®Znh-kw B-Sv ta-bv-°m≥ F-s‚ Du-g-am-bn-cp∂p. Rm≥ B-Sp ta-bv-®pXn-cn-s®-Øn-b-t∏mƒ A-–p√m-ln-_v-\p a-Jvcna-sb bp-≤-ssa-Xm-\n-bn¬ap-dn-th-‰p In-S-°p-∂-Xm-bn I≠p.Rm≥ A-t±-l-Øn-s‚ A-Sp-ØpX-s∂ \n-∂p. A-t∏mƒ A-t±-lw tNm-Zn-®p: A√tbm A-–p√m-ln-_v-\pD-a¿, t\msº-Sp-Øn-cp-∂-h¿ t\m-ºp Xp-d∂p-thm? Rm≥ ]-d-™p:AsX. A-t∏mƒ A-t±-lw ]-d-™p: Cu ]cnN-bn¬ F-\n-°-ev-]wsh-≈w Xcn-I AXp-sIm-≠v Rm≥t\m-ºv Xp-d-°s´. l-Zv -d-Øv A-–p√m-ln-_v-\p D-a¿ ]-d-bp∂p,Rm≥ sh-≈-sa-Sp-°m-\m-bn t]mbn.Xn-cn-s®-Øn-b-t∏m-tg°pw A-t±-lwh-^m-Øm-bn-cp-∂p.

l-Zvd-Øv Aw-dv _n≥ a-Av_-Zv B-

Wv A-Sp-Ø kz-lm-_n. A≥-kzm¿tKm-{Xam-b Hukn-s‚ im-Jbm-b_-\p-kp-_m-b-bp-am-bn-´m-bn-cp-∂pA-t±-l-Øn-s‚ _‘w. _-Z¿, D-lZv, Jμ-Jv bp-≤-ß-fpƒ-s∏-sS-bp-≈ F√m bp-≤-ß-fnepw \-_n(k)

Xn-cp-ta\n-tbm-sSm-∏w ]s¶-Sp-Øn-cp∂p. lp-ss\≥ bp-≤-Øn-\n-S-bn¬ \_n(k) Xn-cp-ta-\n-bp-sS Iq-sS-\n∂p-sIm-≠v A-N-©-e-cm-bn[oc-X-tbm-sS t]m-cmSn-b \q-dp kz-lm-_m-°-fn¬ l-Zvd-Øv Aw-dv-_n≥a-Av-_Zpw Dƒ-s∏-Sp-∂p.

A-Sp-Ø kz-lm-_n-bm-Wv l-Zv-d-Øv \p-Av-am-\p-_n-\v amenIv. \p-Av-am-\p-_v-\p Iu-I¬ F∂pw ]-d-bp-∂p≠v. A-t±-lØn-\v A-ev-]w ap-S-¥p-≠m-bn-cp∂p. A≥-kzm-dp-I-fp-sStKm-{Xam-b Jk-vd-Pn-s‚ im-Jbm-b _-\q-K-\-apam-bn-´m-bn-cp-∂p A-t±-l-Øn-\p _‘w. l-Zv-d-Øv \p-Av-am-\p-_v-\p am-en-Iv _-Z¿ bp-≤-Øn-epw Dl-Zv bp-≤-Ønepw ]-s¶-Sp-Øn-cp∂p. D-lv-Zv bp-≤-Øn¬ A-t±-lw i-lo-Zm-bn. l-Zvd-Øv \p-Av-am-\p-_v-\p am-en-Iv D-l-Zp- bp≤Øn-\m-bn ]p-d-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn-\p apºv \-_n(k) Xn-cp-ta\n-tbm-Sp ]-d™p:bm d-kq-e√m-lv Rm≥ Xo-¿-®-bmbpw kz¿-K-Øn¬ {]-th-in-°p-∂-XmWv. \-_n(k) tNm-Zn-®p: AsX-ßs\? A-t∏mƒ l-Zvd-Øv \p-Av-am≥ ]-d -™p: F¥p-sIm-s≠-∂m¬ A√m-lp-h√m-sX B-cm-[-\-bv-°¿l≥ a-‰m-cp-an-s√∂pw Xm-¶ƒA√m-lp-hn-s‚ Zq-X-\m-sW-∂pwRm≥ km£yw h-ln-®n-cn-°p∂p.am-{X-a√ bp-≤-°-f-Øn¬ \n-∂v Rm-s\m-cn-°epw `-b-t∂m-Sp-I-bn√. \-_n(k) Xn-cp-ta-\n ]-d™p: \o k-Xy-am-Wv ]-d-™Xv. Aß-s\ A-t∂ Znh-kw A-t±-lw i-lo-Zmbn.k-^vhm-\p-_v-\p D-a-ø-bm-Wv A-t±l-sØ i-lo -Zm -°n -bXv .\_n(k) Xn-cp-ta-\n ]-d™p: A-t±-l-Øn-s‚ Zp-B A√m-lp kzo-I-cn-®n-cn-°p∂p. F-s¥-∂m¬ A-t±-lw kz¿K-Øn-eq-sS \-S∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂-Xv Rm≥ I≠p. A-t∏mƒA-t±-l-Øn-\v bm-tXm-cphn-[ ap-

S¥pw C√m-bn-cp-∂p. l-Zvd-Øv Pm-_n¿ \n-thZ-\w sN-øp-∂p, H-cn-°¬ \p-Av-am-\n-_v-\p Ju-J¬ ]-≈n -bn¬ {] -th -in -°p -tºmƒ\_n(k) Ppap-B Jp-Xzv-_ \¬-In-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp∂p. \-_n(k) Xn-cp-ta-\n A-t±-l-tØm-Sv ]-d-™p: A√tbm \p-Av-am≥ \o c-≠p d-IA-Øp \-a-kv-I-cn°p-I. A-Xv e-Lp-hm-°m≥ {i-≤n-°p-IbpwsNøpI. Xp-S¿-∂v A-hnS-∂v ]-d™p: Camw Jp-Xzv-_ \n¿-hln®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-tºmƒ \n-ß-fm-sc-¶nepw h-cn-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ A-bmƒc-≠p d-IA-Øv \-a-kv-I-cn-t°-≠-XmWv. c-≠p d-I-A-Øp-Ifpw e-Lp-hm-b-Xm-bn-cn-°-Ww.

l-Zvd-Øv Jp-ss_-_v _n≥AZnbv B-Wv A-Sp-Ø kz-lm_n.l-Zvd-Øv Jp-ss_-_p-_n≥ AZnbv_-Z¿ bp-≤-Øn¬ ]-s¶-Sp-Øn-cp-∂p. B bp-≤-Øn¬ A-t±-lw lm-cn-kv _n≥ B-an-dn-s\ h-[n-®n-cp∂p._-Z¿- bp-≤-Øn¬ Po-lm-Zp sN-øp-∂-h-cp-sS B-bp-[- km-a-{Kn-I-fp-sSta¬-t\m-´-°m-c≥ A-t±-l-am-bn-cp∂p. l-Zvd-Øv Jp-ss_-_p-_n≥AZnbv ln-Pvcn \m-en-\p \S∂ d-Po-Av kw-`-h-Øn¬ Dƒ-s∏-´n-cp∂p. d-Po-Av kw-`-h-sØ-°p-dn-®v _p-Jm-cn-bn-ep-≈ hn-hc-Ww C-{]-Im-c-amWv, \-_n(k) Xn-cp-ta-\n ]-Øv B-fp-I-fp-sS H-cp kwL-sØ A-h-ÿ-I-ƒ A-dn-™p-h-cp-∂-Xn-\m-bnA-b-®p. Bknw _n≥ km-_n-ØvA≥-km-cn-sb A-h-cp-sS A-ao¿B-bn \n-b-an®p. A-h¿ _p-lv-ZmF-∂ {]-tZ-i-sØ-Øn-b-t∏mƒBtcm _-\p-en-lvbm-\v C-h-sc-°p-dn-®p-≈ hnh-cw \¬In. Cu hm¿-Ø-b-dn-™ _-\q-en-lvbm-\n-se A-kv-{Xm- y-k-ap-≈ C-cp\q-tdm-fw t]¿]p-d-s∏-Sp-I-bpw Im-e-Sn-∏m-Sp-Iƒt\m-°n Ah-sc ]n≥-Xp-S-cp-IbpwsN-bvXp. A-h¿ h-cp∂-Xp I-≠B-knapw Iq-sS-bp-≈-hcpw H-cp Ip-∂n\pap-I-fn¬ A-`-bw tXSn. A-h¿ A-h-sc (B-kn-an-s\bpw kw-L-sØbpw) h-f™p. F-∂n-´p ]-d™p: Xm-sg C-d-ßnh-∂v R-ß-fp-


sS ap-∂n¬ Io-g-S-ßp-I. \n-ß-fp-sS Iq-´-Øn-se B-scbpw h-[n-°p-I-bn-s√-∂v R-ßƒ hm-°v X-cp∂p.Bknw _n≥ km-_n-Øv ]-d™p:k-Xy-\n-tj-[-nI-fp-sS kwc-£-Whm-Kv-Zm-\-Øn¬ Rm-≥ C-d-ßn-h-cn-I-bn√. Xp-S¿-∂v A-t±-lw Zp-B sN-bv-Xp A√m-lp-th, R-ß-sf-°p-dn-®p-≈ hm¿-Ø \o R-ß-fp-sS {]-hm-N-I-\n-te-°v F-Øn-t°-W-ta.A-Xn¬ A-h¿ A-sº-øp-I-bpw B-kn-an-s\-bS°w G-gp-t]-sc Ah¿h[n-°p-Ibpw sN-bvXp. CsX√mwI-≠-tt∏mƒ (_m°n) aq-∂p-t]cpwA-h-cp-sS hm-°p-I-sf hn-iz-kn®p-sIm-≠v Xm-sg-bn-d-ßn-h∂p. A-Xn¬ Jp-ss_-_v A≥-kzm-cnbpw C-_v-\p Z-kv-\bpw ]n-s∂ a-s‰m-cm-fp-amWv D-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv. A-h¿ k-ao-]-sØ-Øn-b-t∏mƒ \n-tj-[n-IƒAh-sc ]n-Sn-®p-sIń. A-t∏mƒ aq-∂m-a-sØ-bmƒ ]-d-™p: C-Xm-Zy-sØ h-©-\-bm-Wv. R-s\m-cn-°epw\n-ß-fp-sS Iq-sS h-cp-∂-X√. BiloZm-b-h-cn¬ F-\n-°v Xr-]v-Xn-I-c-am-b am-Xr-I-bp≠v. A-h¿ A-t±l-sØ F-ß-s\-sb-¶n-epw ]n-Sn-®p h-en®p-sIm≠p-t]m-Im≥ {i-an®p. ]-t£ A-t±-lw t]m-Im≥ Iq-´m-°n-bn√. H-Sp-hn¬ A-h¿ A-t±l-sØ h-[n-®p-. Jp-ss_-_n-s\bpwC-_v -\p Z -kv -\ -sbbpw ]n -S®p -sIm≠p-t]m-bn a-°-bn¬- t]m-bnhn‰p. Jp-ss_-_n-s\ _-\q -lm-cn-kp- _n≥ Aw-dv _n≥ \u-^¬_n≥ A-s– a-\m-^v B-Wv hm-ßn-bXv. Jp-ss_-_v A-hn-sS X-S-hn-embn. lm-cn-kn-s‚ a-Iƒ ]-d-bp-I-bm-Wv, H-cn-°¬ Jp-ss_-_v X-S-hn-em-bn-cp-∂-t∏mƒ A-h-tcm-Sv H-cp£u-c°-Øn B-h-iy-s∏´p. Aß-s\ I-Øn sIm-Sp-Øp. Rm≥ A-{i-≤-bn-em-bn-cn-°p-tºmƒ F-s‚ H-cp Ip-ń Jp-ss_-_n-s‚ A-Sp-ØpsN∂p. A-t±-lw Ip-ń-sb ]n-Sn®pa-Sn-bn-en-cpØn. Rm-\-XpI-≠v `-b∂p-t]m-bn. Jp-ss_-_v F-s‚apJ-sØ `-bw Xn-cn-®-dn™p. F-∂n-´p ]d-™p: Rm-\n-Xn-s\ sIm-∂p-I-fbptam F∂v \n-ßƒ `-b-

s∏-Sp∂p. Rm-\ß-s\ sN-øp-∂-h-\√. Jpss_-_n-s\-°mfpw \√ H-cp X-S-hp-]p-≈n-sb Rm-s\m-cn -°epw I-≠n- n√ F-∂v lm-cn-kn-s‚a-Iƒ ]-d-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p. ]n-∂o-Sv ]-d™p: A√m-lp-hm-W! H-cp Znh-kw N-ß-e-bn¬ _-‘n-°-s∏´ A-t±-l-Øn-s‚ I-øn¬ H-cp ap-¥n-cn-°p-e-bp-≈-Xm-bn Rm≥ I≠p. A-t±-lw A-Xn¬ -\n∂pw -£n®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-p. B k-ab-Øv a-°-bn-se-hn-sSbpw H-cp X-c-Øn-ep-≈

-e-hpw e- y-am-bn-cp-∂n√. A√m-lpJp-ss_-_n\p \¬In-b A-∂-am-bn-cp-∂p A-sX∂v A-h¿ ]-d-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p. B-fpIƒ A-t±l-sØ h-[n-°p-hm-\m-bn l-d-an-\p sh-fn-bn¬sIm ≠p-t]m-Ip-tºmƒ Jp-ss_-_vA-h-tcm-Sp ]d™p: F-s∂ c-≠pd-ImA-Øv \-a-kv-I-cn-°m≥ A\p-h-Zn-°Ww. A-h¿ A-\p-hm-Zw \¬-In-b-t∏mƒ Jp-ss_-_v c-≠p d-IA-Øv \-a-kv-I-cn®p. Xp-S¿-∂vA√m-lphn-t\m-Sv Zp-B sN-bvXp:A√m-lp-th, \o Ch-sc Hm-tcm-cp-Ø-sc-bpw \-in-∏n-t°-Wta. ]n-∂o-S-t±-lw H-cp I-hn-X sNm√n. A-Xn-s‚ Bi-bw C-{]-Im-c-am-Wv, Rm-s\m-cp ap-kven-am-bn-s°m-≠v h-[n-°-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ A√m-lp-hn-te-°vG-Xph-iw N-cn-™v ho-g-W-sa-∂-Xv Rm≥ Im-cy-am-°p-∂n√. F-s‚-bo hogv-N A√m-lp-hn-\p-th-≠n-bm-Ip-tºmƒ A-h≥ B-{K-ln-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ Xp-≠w Xp-≠-am-°-s∏-´ i-co-cm-h-in-jv-S-Øn¬ t]mepw A-\p-{K-lw sNm-cn-bp-∂-Xm-Wv.

H-Sp-hn¬ lm-cn-kn-s‚ a-I≥ D-Jv-_m l-Zvd-Øv Jp-ss_-_n-s\ i-lo-Zm°n. C-Ø-c-Øn¬ _-‘n-°-s∏- A-h-ÿ-bn¬ h-[n-°-s∏-Sp-∂ap-kvenw-Iƒ c-≠p d-IA-Øv \-a-kv-I-cn-°p-∂ amXr-I ÿm-]n®-XvJp-ss_-_v X-s∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p. l-Zvd-Øv Jp-ss_-_n-s\ i-lo-Zm-°p-tºmƒ A-t±-lw C-ß-s\bpw Zp-BsN-bv-Xn-cp-∂p: A√m-lp-th, \n-s‚d-kq-en-s‚-b-Sp-°¬ kemw F-Øn-°m≥ F-\n-°v bm-sXm-cp am¿-K-hp-an√ AXp-sIm-≠v \o X-s∂ F-s‚

kemw A-t±-l-Øn-s\-Øn-°p-I.l-Zv-d-Øv Jp-ss_-_n-s\ h-[n-°p-hm-\m-bn Xq-°p-]-e-I-bn¬ I-b-‰p-tºmƒ ho-≠pw Zp-B sN-bv-Xp:A√m-lp-Ω A-lv-knlnw A-Z-Zm h-JvXp-ep-lpw- _-Z-Zm A-Xmb-Xv A√m-lp-th, \o C-h-cp-sS IW-°p t\m-°p-Ibpw A-h-sc Xn-c-™p-]n-Sn-®psIm√p-Ibpw sN-tø-W-ta. Hcp_lp-ssZ-hn-h-izm-kn Cu Zp-B-tI-´-t∏mƒ b-∂v \n-e-Øp InS-∂p F-∂p ]-d-bp-∂p. A-Xp-I-gn-™v H-cph¿-j-am-bn√ A-Xn\-Iw X-s∂ B`b-∂v \ne -Øp In -S -∂n -cp -∂hy‡n-sbm-gn-sI l-Zvd-Øv Jp-ss_-_n-s\ h-[n-°p-∂-Xn¬ ]-¶m-fn-I-fm-b F√m-hcpw \-in®p-t]m-bn. B-cpw X-s∂ Po-h-t\m-sS Ah-ti-jn-®n√ F-∂p ]-d-b-s∏-Sp-∂p. Pn-_vco¬(A) \-_n(k) Xn-cp-ta-\n-bp-sSA-Sp-°-seØn. Cu kw-`-h-sØ-°p-dn-®v A-dn-hp \¬In. kz-lm-_m-°ƒ ]-d-bp∂p, \-_n(k) Xn-cp-ta-\n B k-ab-Øv H-cn-S-Øn-cn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. A-hnS-∂v h-A-sse-°p-ap- emw Jp-ss_-t_ A√tbmJp-ss_-t_ \n\-°v A√m-lp-hn¬\n-∂p-≈ im-¥nbpw k-am-[m-\hpwD-≠mI-s´ F-∂p ]-d™p. Jp-ssd-in-Iƒ A-t±l-sØ h-[n-®n-cn-°p-∂p.

lp-kq¿ ]-d-™p: Cu A-h-k-c-Øn¬ Rm≥ H-cp hn-fw-_-cw \-S-Øm≥ B-{K-ln-°p-I-bm-Wv A-Xmb-Xv ipAv-_ Xm-co-sJ A-lva-Znø-Øv (A-lva-Zn-øm- N-cn-{X hn-`m-Kw) A-h-cp-sS H-cp sh_v-ssk-‰vB-cw-`n-®n-cn-°p∂p. D¿Zp, Cw-•o-jvc-≠p m-j-I-fpw Dƒ-s∏-Sp-∂-XmWv.Pp-ap-B-bv-°p ti-jw Rm≥ A-Xvtem-©v sN-øp-∂-Xm-Wv. -C≥-imA√m-lv.

www.alislam.org


teJ\w

Cu ]d™Xns‚sb√mwDt±iyw, Hcp hy‡n Nne kXykz]v\ßtfm kXyshfn]mSpItfm Z¿in°p∂Xp sIm≠pam{XwAtXmsSm∏w a‰p KpWßƒC√mXncn°p∂nStØmfw -

B KpWßsf∏‰n Rm≥aq∂mw A[ymbØn¬ {]Xn]mZn°p∂XmWv C≥im A√mlv. -

AXv AbmfpsS h√ alXzØn\pap≈ sXfnh√. adn®v, AXptIhew akvXnjvILS\bpsS^eamIp∂p. AXpsIm≠p Xs∂AXn¬ \√hs\t∂m kZvhrØs\t∂m D≈ \n_‘\bn√.apkventam hnizmkntbm BI¬AXn\p \n¿_‘hpan√. akvXnjvIØns‚ cq]kwhn[m\w H∂psIm≠p am{Xw Nne¿°vkXykz]v\ßƒ D≠mhpItbmshfn]mSp cq]Øn¬ NneImcyßƒ AdnbpItbm sNøp∂Xp t]mse, akvXnjvILS\ImcWw NnecpsS {]IrXw⁄m\kºmZ\Øn\pw bmYm¿Yyw Is≠Øp∂Xn\pw tbmPn®hbmbncn°pw. kq£vam¬

kq£vaßfmb kwKXnIfnte°vAh¿ Bgv∂ndßp∂p. hmkvXhØn¬ Ah¿ Ba\ iAvdlp hI^d J¬_lp F∂ lZokns‚ km£mXv°mcat{X. AXmbXv, AhcpsS IhnX hnizkn®p,]t£,lrZbw \ntj[nbmbn.AXpsIm≠v kXyhms\ Xncn®dnbpI F∂Xv F√m ip≤KXn°m¿°pw ]d™n´p≈X√.CtXmsSm∏w as‰mcp kwKXnbpwHm¿t°≠Xp≠v. Cu ]Zhnbnep≈ P\ßƒ°v D≠mIp∂kz]v\ßfpw shfn]mSpIfpap≠t√m. Ah At\Iw A‘Imcßfn¬ Bgv∂ndßnbn´p≈hbmWv. kXyØns‚ shfn®wAhbnep≠mIp∂Xv hfschncfw. ssZhkvt\lØns‚bpwkzoImcyXbpsSbpw Hcp e£Whpw Ah¿°v D≠mImdn√.AZriyImcyßfmIs´, tImSn°W°n\v a\pjy¿ `mK`m°mhp∂XcØn¬ am{Xw. CØcw kz]v\ßfnepw shfn]mSpIfnepw F√mhn[ ]m]nIfpw hymP∑mcpw\ntj[nIfpw \n¿aXcpw F∂√thiymkv{XoIƒ t]mepw `mK`m°msW∂ kwKXn thWsa¶n¬Hmtcm hy‡n°pw kzbwAt\zjn°mhp∂XmWv. AXp

sIm≠v Cßs\bp≈ kz]v\ßfnepw shfn]mSpIfnepw kzbwad∂v kt¥mjn°p∂h≥_p≤niq\y\mIp∂p. Cu \nehmcØnep≈ kz]v\ßfpsSbpwshfn]mSpIfpsSbpw e£Wßƒ Xs‚ D≈n¬ I≠p sIm≠vXm≥ Fs¥ms°tbm BsW∂va\ nem°n shbv°p∂ hy‡nh©\bn¬ AIs∏´ncn°pIbmWv. B hy‡n hmkvXhØn¬Ccpƒ ap‰nb cm{Xnbn¬ AßpZqsc \n∂v XobpsS ]pIImWp∂ps≠¶nepw B XobpsSshfn®w ImWmt\m AXns‚Xm]w sIm≠v XWp∏pw Xf¿®bpw AI‰mt\m IgnbmØa\pjys\t∏msebmIp∂p .AØcw BfpIƒ ssZhØns‚khntijamb A\p{Klmin pIƒ°v `mK`m°mIpItbmkzoImcyX e`n°pItbm ssZhhpambn AWpAfsh¶nepw_‘w ÿm]n°pItbm sNøp∂n√. am\pjnI If¶ßƒZnhy{]ImiØm¬ IØnsbcnbp∂pan√. ssZhhpambn Ah¿°v kXyk‘amb kulrZwkwPmXamImØXn\m¬ ssZhkmao]yØns‚ A`mhw ImcWwkmØm≥ AhtcmsSm∏w IqSpI

`mKw ˛ 3

lJoJØp¬ hlvbv

(shfn]mSns‚ XØzclkyw)

hmKvZØ akoln(A)s‚ s]m≥XqenIbn¬ \n∂v

hncNnXamb BXvaob bmYm¿∞yßsf ]‰nbp≈

B[nImcnIamb hnhcWw. hnh: Bcn^v aplΩZv.

lZvdØv AlvaZv (A)


bpw kzmXvamhns‚ Xs∂{]tNmZ\ßƒ°v Ah¿ A[o\cmhpIbpw sNøp∂p. taL°q´ßƒ°nSbn¬ kqcy≥ ]et∏mgpwad™p t]mImdp≠t√m. Nnet∏mƒ AXns‚ h√ `mKtamBbncn°pw ZriyamIpI. CtXt]mse, CcpfS™ AhÿbmWv ChcptSXv . ChcpsSkz]v\ßfnepw shfn]mSpIfnepwkmØm\nIamb IS∂pIb‰ßƒ Hcp]mSmWv.

A[ymbw c≠v

Nne kμ¿`ßfn¬ kXykz]v\ßtfm kXyshfn]mSpItfm kn≤n°pIbpw sNøp∂hsc kw_‘n® hnhcWw.Ah¿°v A√mlphpambnkzev]w _‘w Ds≠¶nepw AXvA{X henb _‘sam∂pa√.kzev]w ASpØp hcp∂psh¶nepw Znhy{]ImiØm¬ AhcpsS tZtlNvO IØn \in°p∂n√.

Hcfthmfw [¿a\njvTbpw]hn{XXbpw Ahew_n°p∂Nnecpw temIØv ImWs∏Sp∂≠t√m. kz]v\ßfpw Z¿i\ßfpw IcKXamIp∂Xn\p≈ss\k¿KnIamb Hcp IgnhvAh¿°v D≠mhpIbpw kz]v\Z¿i\ßfpsS amXrIIƒIpds®ms° Ahcn¬ shfns∏SpamdmIpIbpw sNøp∂Xn\p]pdta Ah¿ XßfpsS BXvakwkIcWØn\p th≠nbpwHs´ms° ]cn{ian°pIbpwD]cnπhamb Hcp [¿a\njvTbpw\∑bpw Ahcn¬ DSseSp°pIbpw sNøp∂p. AtXmsSkZvkz]v\ßfpsSbpw Z¿i\ßfpsSbpw shfn®w Ahcn¬]cnanXamb hrØØn¬ kwPmXamIp∂p. ]t£, AXv A‘ImcØn¬ \n∂v ap‡amIp∂n√.AhcpsS Nne {]m¿Y\Iƒt]mepw kzoIcn°s∏Sp∂p.]t£ AXv A\\ykm[mcWamb Imcyßf√. Fs¥∂m¬,

AhcpsS [¿a\njvT kºq¿Wa√. apIfn¬ \n∂v sXfnabm¿∂Xmbn ImWpIbpw AtXkabwXmsg hnk¿Pyamen\yßfpap≈PesØ t]msebmWXv. AhcpsS BXvakwkvIcWw A]q¿Whpw AhcpsS kXyk‘XbpwBXvam¿YXbpw hfscA]cym]vXhpw BbXn\m¬ h√]co£Whpw t\cnSptºmƒCS¿® kw`hn°p∂p. ssZhØns‚ Zbmhmbv]v Ahsc ]n¥pWbv°pIbpw Ahs‚ kØm¿(ad®p shbv°p∂h≥) F∂KpWw AhcpsS BhcWßsfkwc£n°pIbpw sNøp∂]£w bmsXmcp hyXnNe\hpan√msX Ah¿ Cu temIØp\n∂v Ign™pIS∂p t]mIp∂p.C\n ]co£Ww t\cn´m¬_¬Aans\t∏mse Ah¿°vZp¿KXn hcpIbpw shfn]mS ve`n®Xn\p tijw ip\It\mSvkmZriys∏SpØpIbpw sNøptam F∂ BhemXn C√mXn√.ImcWw, hn⁄m\]chpwI¿a]chpw hnizmk]chpambAhÿIƒ°v tIm´w kw`hn°ptºmƒ kmØm≥ AhcpsSIhmSßfn¬ ]Xpßnbncn°pIbpw CS¿® kw`hn°p∂ t\cØvDSs\ AhcpsS hoń¬ {]thin°pIbpw sNøp∂p. AßIse\n∂v Ah¿ {]Imiw Z¿in°p∂p. ]t£, B {]ImiØn¬{]thin°p∂n√; AXns‚ NqSn¬`mK`m°mIp∂pan√. AXpsIm≠pXs∂ A]ISw \nd™AhÿbmWv AhcpsSXv. A√mlp {]ImiamWt√m. A√mlp\qdp amhmØn h¬ A¿fnF∂mWv Acpfnbncn°p∂Xv.BIbm¬, Cu {]ImiØns‚A\pt]£Wob êßƒ am{XwZ¿in°p∂ hy‡nbp≠t√mAh≥ AIse \n∂v ]pI]Seßƒ ImWpIbpw XobpsSshfn®w Z¿in°mXncn°pIbpwsNøp∂hs\t∏msebmIp∂p.AXpsIm≠v {]ImiØns‚

{]tbmP\Øn¬ \n∂v Ah¿AI‰s∏´hcmWv. AXpt]mse,am\pjnI If¶ßsf Fcn®pIfbp∂ Xm]Øn¬ \n∂pwAI‰s∏ńcn°p∂p. tIhewkm{ºZmbnIhpw _p≤n]chpamb sXfnhpItfm kμnKv[ßfmb shfn]mSpItfm aptJ\ssZhmkvXnIyØn¬ hnizkn°pIbpw sNøp∂h¿ --

\maam{X ]WvUnXscbpwXØz⁄m\nIsfbpw XßfpsSBXvaobIgnhpIƒ aptJ\kz]v\Z¿i\ßƒ kn≤n®hscbpw t]mse ssZhØn¬ hnizkn°p∂psh¶nepw ssZhkmao]yØns‚ shfn®w e`n°mØh¿.-

AIse \n∂v ]pI]Seßƒ ImWp∂ps≠¶nepw AKv\nsb Z¿in°mØhsct∏msebmWv. tIhew ]pI]SesØ°pdn®vNn¥n®v AKv\nbpsS AkvXnXzØn¬ hnizkn°pIbmWvsNøp∂Xv. Aßs\bp≈ hy‡n{]Imiw aptJ\ IcKXamIp∂Dƒ°mgvNbn¬ \n∂v AI‰s∏´h\mIp∂p. F∂m¬ B {]ImicivanIsf AIse \n∂v Z¿in°pIbpw AtXkabw AXn¬{]thin°mXncn°pIbpw sNøp∂ hy‡nsb Ccpƒ ap‰nbcm{Xnbn¬ Xoshfn®Øn¬\S°p∂ht\mSv D]an°mw. AXvhgnIm´p∂XneqsS icnbmbam¿Kw Abmƒ ImWp∂ps≠¶nepw AIsebmbXn\m¬X\n°\p`s∏Sp∂ XWp∏ns\ XosIm≠v AI‰m≥ km[n°p∂n√.B AKv\n°v Xs‚ hnjbmk‡nsb Zln∏n°m\pw Ignbp∂n√. AXnssiXyap≈ A‘Imc\n_nVamb Hcp cm{Xnbn¬AIse \n∂v Xoshfn®w ImWp∂Xmbm¬ AXns\ tIhewImWpI F∂Xv \miØn¬ \n∂vc£n°m\mhns√∂Xv HmtcmcpØ¿°pw a\ nem°mhp∂tXbp≈q. Xs‚ XWp∏v AI∂pt]mIpw hn[w AKv\nsb th≠{X


kao]n°p∂h\mWv c£s∏SpI.F∂m¬, AIse \n∂v {]ImiwZ¿in°p∂hs‚ e£Ww k∑m¿KØns‚ Nne ASbmfßƒAbmƒ ImWs∏Sp∂ps≠¶nepwkh n tijm\ p { Klßf p s SASbmfßƒ Abmfn¬ ImWs∏Sp∂n√ F∂XmWv. A√mlphn¬ `cta¬∏n°p∂Xnep≈A`mhhpw tZtlNvO]cambhnImcßfpw ImcWw AbmfpsSkt¶mNmhÿ AIep∂n√.AbmfpsS hnjbmk‡nIƒZln®p kvaamIp∂pan√. ImcWwAbmƒ Znhyshfn®Øn¬ \n∂vF{Xtbm ZqcØmWv. Abmƒkºq¿Wamb \nebn¬ ZqX∑mcpsSbpw {]hmNI∑mcpsSbpwA\¥cmhIminIfmIp∂n√.Nne B¥cnI If¶ßƒAbmfn¬ A¥¿eo\amWv.ssZhhpambp≈ AbmfpsS_‘w Imepjyßfn¬ \n∂pwt]mcmbvaIfn¬ \n∂pw ap‡a√.Fs¥∂m¬, Abmƒ AIse\n∂mWv Xs‚ aßnb ImgvN

tbmsS ssZhsØ t\m°p∂Xv.A√msX Abmƒ Ahs‚aSnbne√. Xßfn¬ tZtlNvO]camb hnImcßfp≈ hy‡nIfpsS B hnImcßƒ NnekabØv AhcpsS kz]v\ßfnepw Bthi]q¿hw B™phoimdp≠v. CXv ssZhØn¬\n∂mWv F∂mWv Ah¿ a\ nem°p∂Xv. AXmIs´, tIhewtZmj{]hWamb BXvamhn¬\n∂p≈XmIp∂p. DZmlcWambn, Xm≥ C∂ hy‡nsb°mƒDØa\mbXn\m¬ Hcn°epwA\pkcn°p∂Xs√∂p ]dbp∂Xmbn Hcmƒ kz]v\Øn¬ImWp∂psh∂ncn°s´. Xm≥hmkvXhØn¬ DØa\msW∂vAbmƒ CXp sIm≠v \nKa\wsNøp∂p. B kw`mjWamIs´,Xs‚ Alwt_m[Øns‚ {]£p–[Xbn¬ \n∂mWp≠mIp∂Xv.CXpt]mse, kz]v\Øn¬ Alwt_m[Øns‚ {]£p–[Xbm¬]ehn[Ønep≈ kw`mjWßƒ\S°p∂p. B hN\ßƒ ssZh

{]oXn A\pkcn®p≈XmsW∂vA⁄Xbm¬ Abmƒ a\ nem°pIbpw Aßs\ \miaSbpIbpw sNøp∂p. ssZhØnte°vAbmƒ ]q¿Wambn \oßmXncn°pIbpw Xs‚ k¿hi‡ntbmSpw k¿hm¿∏WtØmSpw k¿hmXva\m Ahs\ kzoIcn°mXncn°pIbpw sNbvXXn\m¬ ssZhØn¬ \n∂v ImcpWyØns‚tPymXn v ]q¿Wamb \nebn¬Ah\v \evIs∏Sp∂n√. AbmsfK¿`Øn¬ \n∂v CXphsc ]pdØvh∂n´n√msØ Poh\p≈ Ip™nt\mSv D]an°mw. BXvaobtemIsØ kºq¿W Zriyw ImWmsXAXnt∏mgpw IÆS®ncn°pIbmWv. GsXmcp amXmhns‚K¿`]m{XØnemtWm AXvhf¿∂Xv AhcpsS apJw C\nbpwB Ip™v I≠n´n√. apdnsshZy≥ Bsfs°m√pw F∂sNm√p t]mse, Abmƒ Xs‚A]q¿W⁄m\w ImcWwA]ISw ]nSn® AhÿbnemWv.AØcw BfpIƒ°pw Ipds®ms° ⁄m\hpw bmYm¿Yyßfpwa\ nem°m≥ Ignbpsa¶nepwAXv aq{XØm¬ aeoakamb]mep t]me, As√¶n¬ amen\yaSßnb Pew t]msebmWv. Cu]Zhnbnep≈ hy‡n BZysØ]Zhnsb At]£n®v kz]v\ßfnepw shfn]mSpIfnepw kmØm\nI t_m[\ßfn¬ \n∂pwA¥:{]tNmZ\ßfn¬ \n∂pwkzev]w kpc£nX\msW¶nepwAbmfpsS {]IrXØn¬ kmØms‚ mKw Ahtijn°p∂Xn\m¬kmØm\nI Zp¿t_m[\ßfn¬\n∂v Abmƒ°v kpc£nX\mbncn°m≥ Ignbn√. hmkvXhsa¥msW∂psh®m¬, hlvbns‚bpwshfn]mSns‚bpw kwip≤nBXvamhns‚ kwip≤nsbbmWvB{ibn®ncn°p∂Xv. GsXmcmfpsS BXvamhnemtWm amen\ywAhtijn°p∂Xv AbmfpsShlvbnepw shfn]mSnepw amen\ywAhtijn°p∂p. (XpScpw)

AIse \n∂v {]Imiw Z¿in°p∂hs‚ e£Ww k∑m¿

KØns‚ Nne ASbmfßƒ Abmƒ ImWs∏Sp∂p

s≠¶nepw khntijm\p{KlßfpsS ASbmfßƒ

Abmfn¬ ImWs∏Sp∂n√ F∂XmWv. A√mlphn¬

`cta¬∏n°p∂Xnep≈ A`mhhpw tZtlNvO]camb

hnImcßfpw ImcWw AbmfpsS kt¶mNmhÿ

AIep∂n√. AbmfpsS hnjbmk‡nIƒ Zln®p

`kvaamIp∂pan√. ImcWw Abmƒ Znhyshfn®Øn¬

\n∂v F{Xtbm ZqcØmWv. Abmƒ kºq¿Wamb

\nebn¬ ZqX∑mcpsSbpw {]hmNI∑mcpsSbpw

A\¥cmhIminIfmIp∂n√. Nne B¥cnI If¶ßƒ

Abmfn¬ A¥¿eo\amWv. ssZhhpambp≈ AbmfpsS

_‘w Imepjyßfn¬ \n∂pw t]mcmbvaIfn¬ \n∂pw

ap‡a√. Fs¥∂m¬, Abmƒ AIse \n∂mWv Xs‚

aßnb ImgvN tbmsS ssZhsØ t\m°p∂Xv. A√msX

Abmƒ Ahs‚ aSnbne√.


apJhpc

BZyambn Rm≥ ssZhØns‚ AXncn√mØ A\p{Klßƒ°v \μn ]dbpIbmWv.Ahs\ Xncn®dnbm\pw Znhy`mjWw Icÿam°m\pw th≠Ignhpw {]m]vXnbpw Ah≥\ap°v X∂\p{Kln®ncn°p∂p.Z nhykm£mXvImcØnte°p\bn°p∂ ⁄m\hnlmb pIfpsS IhmSw Rßƒ°vXpd∂p XcnIbpw Ah\pambn_‘w ÿm]n°m≥ IgnbpIbpwsNbvXXn¬ Rm≥ Ahs\kvXpXn°p∂p. C\n Rm≥ CuaXktΩf\Øn¬ ]dbm\pt±in® hnjbsØ°pdn®v, AXmbXv,A l v a Z n ø Ø n s \ ° p d n ® v{]Xn]mZn°mw.

F¥mWv AlvaZnøØv?1300 h¿jw ap≥]v aplΩZv\_n(k) Xncpta\n aptJ\temIØv AhXcn®Xpw hnip≤Jp¿B\n¬ hnhcn°s∏´XpambCkvemw BWv AlvaZnøØv.\q‰m≠pIƒ ]n∂n´t∏mƒCkvemw \ho\mibßƒ°pwssIISØepIƒ°pw hnt[bamhpIbpw B aXØnse ]e

Imcyßfpw ]q¿Wambpw AhKWn°s∏SpIbpw sNbvXXns‚êambn Ahbn¬ KthjWßƒ \S°msX h∂p. lZvdØvAlvaZv(A) Cu ssIISØepIsf D∑qe\w sNbvXpsIm≠vhnip≤ Jp¿B\n¬ \neo\ambn°nS°p∂ BXvaob kXyßfpsS Iehd ]pdØp sIm≠ph∂p. `‡n\jvSs∏´ P\kaqlØn\p ]t£ AXv kzmbØam°m\mbn√. a‰p hm°pIfn¬]d™m¬, kzNvO cq]w\jvSs∏´v hnkvarXnbnem≠pt]mb bYm¿Y Ckvemans\bmWvhmKvZØ akolv(A) ssZhnIam¿KZ¿i\ {]Imcw temIØn\pap≥]msI ka¿∏n®Xv.

AlvaZnøm {]ÿm\wÿm]n°s∏´Xv

AlvaZnøm {]ÿm\wA{X ]g°w sN∂ H∂√. AXpÿm]nXambn´ v 34 h¿jtaBbn´p≈p. 1889 ¬ lZvdØvan¿km Kpemw AlvaZp¬JmZnbm\n(A) ssZhnI \n¿tZi{]ImcamWv Cu {]ÿm\wÿm]n®Xv. {KŸßfn¬ Zo¿LZ¿i\w sNøs∏´ akolpw, an°

{]hmNI∑mcpw hmKvZm\wsNbvXn´p≈ BXvaob KpcphpwXm\msW∂v At±lw hmZn®p.ssZhw At±lsØ A`nkwt_m[\ sNbvXp sIm≠v C{]Imcwshfn]mSnd°n.

ap≥ {]hmNI∑mcpsS{]hN\ßƒ \n∂n¬ \nh¿Øn°s∏ńcn°p∂p. F√m {]hmNI∑mcpsSbpw hkv{XØm¬ \oAWnbn°s∏ ncn°p∂p.(AXmbXv,AhcpsS i‡nbpw {]`mhhpw\n\°v \evIs∏ńcn°p∂p.)\ns∂ akoln_v\p adnbwB°nb ssZhØn\mWv k¿hkvXpXnbpw.Ah≥ F¥psIm≠vAßs\ sNbvXp F∂v B¿°pwtNmZyw sNøm\mhn√.F∂m¬,Ahs‚ Xocpam\w AwKoIcn°mØh¿ tNmZyw sNøs∏Sp∂XmWv. kabhpw {iahpw]mgm°s∏SmØ Kpcp`qX\mbakolmWp \o. {_mlvaWcpsS{]hmNI¿°v kZriy\mb B{]hmNIs\ FXn¿°p∂XvP\ßƒ°v \√X√. A√tbmcp{ZtKm]me IrjvWm, \ns‚alna KoXbnep≠v.

am\hIpeØns‚ ]p\cp÷oh\Øn\p th≠n ssZhwAt±lsØ hmKvZØ akolmbpw IrjvW\mbpw {_lvam

AlvaZnøm {]ÿm\w1924¬ e≠\nse shwªn FI- vkn_nj≥ Hm¿Kss\tkjs‚

B`napJyØn¬ \S∂ aXktΩf\Øn¬ AlvaZnøm PamAØns‚ c≠mw

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{]_‘amWv Ahmadiyya Movement AYhm AlvaZnøm {]ÿm\w

F∂ Cu eLpIrXn. Cw•ojn¬ \n∂v hnh¿Ø\w: Bcn^v aplΩZv

_n.Fw.

lZvdØv an¿km _iodp±o≥ alvaqZv AlvaZv (d)

teJ\w


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B sNdpkwLØn\v PohnXw]oU\ßfpsS \o≠ ]cºcbmbnØo¿∂p. AXpImcWwPamAØn¬ BIrjvScmb]ecpw `bs∏´p t]mbn.

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ßfm¬ h©nXcmhpIbpwCΔn[w sX‰mb \nebn¬ PohnXw\bn® hy‡n ]cnip≤amb]Zhnte°v \nban°s∏Sp∂sXßs\sb∂v Nn¥n®p t]mhpIbpw sNøp∂p.

Cu FXn¿∏pIsfms°D≠mbn´pw P\ßfpsS lrZbßƒ {]ÿm\Øns‚ hμyÿm]Icnte°v BI¿jn°s∏´p. At±ltØmSv _‘w]pe¿ØpIbpw {KŸßƒhmbn°pIbpw sNbvXh¿°vAt±lØns‚ kXyX t_m[yambn. Xm≥ akolv BsW∂vhmZn®v 18 h¿jßƒ°p tijw1908¬ At±lw h^mØmIptºmƒ At±lØns‚ A\pbmbnIfpsS FÆw \mev]Xn¬ \n∂ve£ßfnte°v Db¿∂p. C¥ybv°p ]pdØv A^vKm\nkvXm≥,_¿a, kntem¨, B{^n° F∂ocmPyßfn¬ At±lØns‚{]ÿm\Øn\v A\pbmbnIfp≠mbn. At±lØns‚ hntbmKm\¥cw Fs‚ Kpcp\mY≥lZvdØv auehn \qdp±o≥kmln_n(d)s‚ Jnem^ØvImeØpw {]ÿm\w ]ptcmKXn{]m]n®p sIm≠ncp∂p. At±lwNcaw {]m]n®Xn\p tijw Rm≥Jeo^bmbn Xncns™Sp°s∏´t∏mƒ {]ÿm\w {ZpXKXnbn¬hym]n®p sIm≠ncn°pIbmWv.C∂v Cw•-≠v, P¿a\n, Atacn°≥sFIy\mSpIƒ, shkv‰v B{^n°, tKmƒUv tImkv‰v, CuPn]v‰v,t]¿jy, _pJmd, samdojykv,F∂nhnSßfn¬ sdKpe¿ anj\pIfp≠v. C¥ybv°p ]pdØvA^vKm\nkvXm≥, _pJmd,t]¿jy, saks∏m´manb, lnPmkv, kndnb, CuPn]v‰v, AƒPocnb,sk≥kn_m¿, sI\nb, DKm≠,\‰m¬, tKmƒUv tImkv‰v, knbdtem¨, ss\Pocnb, kntem¨,_¿a, kvt{S‰v sk‰n¬sa‚ vkv,^nenss∏≥kv, samdojykv,Hmkvt{Senb,{^m≥kv, Cw•≠v,


tlmf≠v, Atacn°≥ ssFIy\mSpIƒ, {Sn\nUmUv, sImkvt‰mdn° F∂nhnSßfn¬ AlvaZnømkaqlsØ ImWmw.

Hcp Cw•ojv amknIbpw{]mtZinI`mjbn¬ 5 ]{XamknIIfpw {]ÿm\Øns‚ slUvIzm¿t´gvkn¬ \n∂v {]kn≤oIcn°p∂p≠v. _wKmfn¬ \n∂v_wKmfn amknIbpw kntemWn¬\n∂v Cw•ojnepw Xangnepambn]{Xw {]kn≤oIcn°p∂p≠v.tamdojykn¬ \n∂v Hcp {^©v]{Xhpw {]kn≤oIcn°p∂p.Atacn°bn¬ \n∂v Hcpss{XamknIbpw {]kn≤oIcn°p∂p≠v. Cw•≠n¬ \n∂v ASpØpXs∂ Hcp amknI {]kn≤oIcn°p∂XmWv. GXm≠v Hcp aneyt\mfw BfpIƒ Cu {]ÿm\Ønep≠v. {InkvXym\nIƒ,kn°pIm¿, lnμp°ƒ, PqX∑m¿,]m¿knIƒ XpSßnb F√maXßfn¬ \n∂pw cmPyßfn¬\n∂pap≈ BfpIƒ Cu{]kvYm\Øn¬ AwKßfmbp≠v.Ckvemanse Ahm¥c hn`mKßfn¬ \n∂p≈hcpw CXn¬{]thin®ncn°p∂p; {]thin®psIm≠ncn°pIbpamWv. aq∂ph¿jw ap≥]mWv Atacn°≥anj≥ Bcw`n®Xv. Cu NpcpßnbImeØn\p≈n¬ Atacn°bn¬BbncØne[nIw t]¿ Cu{]ÿm\Øn¬ tN¿∂ncn°p∂p.

Ckveman¬ AlvaZnøm{]ÿm\Øns‚ ÿm\w

{InkvXpaØn\v BZyImeØv PqXaXhpambn D≠mbncp∂Xp t]mep≈ _‘amWv AlvaZnøm {]ÿm\Øn\v Ckvemapambn´v D≈Xv. Rm≥ kqNn∏n®Xpt]mse, Xm≥ hmKvZØ akolvBsW∂XmWv lZvdØv an¿kmKpemw AlvaZn(A)s‚ Hcp hmZw.CXp a\ nem°nbm¬, AlvaZnøØv Ckvemanse shdpw HcpimJb√, bYm¿Y CkvemwXs∂sb∂v Ffp∏w {Kln°mhp

∂XmWv. BZna {InkvXpZ¿i\wPqXaXØns‚ imJbmbncp∂n√t√m. kzNvOkpμcamb PqXaXambncp∂p AXv. tbip ]dbp∂p:"\nbasØtbm {]hmNIsctbmd±m°m\mWv Rm≥ h∂ncn°p∂Xv F∂p \nßƒ [cnt°≠;d±m°m\√, \ndth‰m\mWv Rm≥h∂ncn°p∂Xv. kXyambn Rm≥\nßtfmSp ]dbp∂p: BImihpw `qanbpw IS∂p t]mIpwhsc, F√mw \ndthdpthmfw\nbaØn¬ h≈n]p≈n am‰whcnIbn√.''(aØmbn 5: 17-,18,19).AXpt]mse aØmbn F´mwA[ymbØn¬ tbip IpjvTtcmKnsb ip≤\m°nbXn\ptijw C{]Imcw ]d™p:"\ot]mbn ]ptcmlnX\p \ns∂ImWn®p sImSp°pI. C{]Imcw]d™Xmbn aØmbn \nthZ\wsNøp∂p: "thZ⁄cpw ^cntkbcpw tamibpsS ]oTØn¬Ccn°p∂p AXpsIm≠v Ah¿\nßtfmSp ]dbp∂h {i≤n°pIbpw A\pjvTn°pIbpw sNøpI. ]t£, Ah¿ sNøp∂Xp\nßƒ {]amWam°cpXv. ImcWw, Ah¿ {]kwKn°p∂XvAh¿ sNøp∂n√.'' (aØmbn23:2,3). Xs‚ Kncn{]`mjWØns\mSphn¬ tbip ]dbp∂p:CXt{X \nbahpw {]hmNIcpw(aØmbn 7:12) tamsibpsS \nbawA∂pw P\ßƒ°v \n¿_‘amsW∂v tbip hnizkn®ncp∂pF∂mWv Cu hN\ßƒ ImWn°p∂Xv. Xs‚ injy∑mscbpwa‰p≈hscbpw At±lw ]Tn∏n®Xv B \nbaw A\pkcn°Wsa∂mWv. {]hmNI∑mcpsSbpw\nbaØns‚bpw kw{Klsa∂\nebnemWv At±lw Xs‚A[ym]\ßsf hniZoIcn®Xv.A√msX Hcp ]pXnb aXw F∂\nebne√. kphntijw kq£vaambn H∂p ]cntim[n®m¬ tbipHcp ]pXnb \ymb{]amWtamaXtam ÿm]n®nńs√∂v kv]jvSambn sXfnbp∂XmWv.

CXpt]mse, lZvdØvAlvaZv(A) Hcp ]pXnb \ymb{]amWtam aXtam sIm≠ph∂nń√. At±lw bYm¿YCkvemanI[ym]\sØ hniZoIcn°pIbmWp sNbvXXv. tbiphns‚ ImeØv PqXaXØn¬A\mNmcßfpw Iqńt®¿°epIfpw D≠mbXns\ XpS¿∂vtamsibpsS bYm¿Y ]mTßsf{]Xn\n[m\w sNøm≥ AXn\pIgnbmsX h∂p. AXpt]mse,hmKvZØ akolns‚ ImeØpwCkvemant\mSv tN¿Øp ]d™ncn°p∂ A[ym]\ßƒ AXns‚bYm¿Y A[ym]\ßtfmS vs]mcpØs∏SmØhbmbncp∂p.

tamsibpsS bYm¿Y]mTßsfbmWv C∂v {InkvXpaXw{]Xn\n[m\w sNøp∂Xv F∂√Rm≥ A¿Yam°p∂Xv. AsXm´pwXs∂ i-cnb√. Rm≥ ]d™Xns‚ A¿Yw tamsibpw tbiphpw ]Tn∏n®Xv H∂p Xs∂bmWvF∂mWv. HmtcmcpØcpw AhcpsS ImeØv hnkvacn°s∏Ímcyßfn¬ Du∂¬ \evIn F∂hyXymkamWp≠mbncp∂Xv .IcpW sNøWsa∂pw {]Xn{Inb\S]Sn kzoIcn°Wsa∂pap≈c≠p Iev]\Ifpw XudmØnep≠v. ]t£, tamsibpsSImeØv hmfpsIm≠v PqXaXsØ XpS®p \o°m\p≈ {iawD≠mbXn\m¬ {]XnImc \S]Snbpambn _‘s∏´ hn[nhne°pIfnemWv At±lw Du∂¬\evInbXv. F∂m¬ tbiphns‚Imeambt∏mtg°pw PqXaXØns\Xnsc i{Xp°ƒhmsfSpØncp∂n√. Xs∂bpa√,PqX∑mcpsS kz`mhw ITn\Xchpw ImcpWyan√mØXpambnXo¿∂p. AXpsIm≠v s]mdpØpsImSpt°≠Xnte°v Du∂¬\evIm≥ tbip \n¿_‘nX\mbn.Ckvemans‚ ImcyØn¬ kw`hn

tijw t]Pv 38 ¬


lZvdØv auem\m lmPnlm^nkv lJow \qdp±o≥kmln_v t`chn(d) BXvaobambnhfsc D∂Xn {]m]n®bmfpwkZvKpWkº∂\pw kmXznI\pwalm]finX\pw A√mlphn¬ASnbpd®p hnizkn°pIbpwPohnXØnepS\ofw Xs‚ k¿Δhpw A√mlphn¬ cta¬]n°pIbpw sNbvXn´p≈ Hcp almXvamhpw hfsc {]ikvX\mb njKzc\pambncp∂p. Ad_n, DdpZp,^m¿kn F∂o `mjIfnep≈{]mhoWyØn∂p ]pdsaJp¿B≥, lZokv, ^nJvlv F∂ohnjbßfn¬ AKm[]mfinXyhpw {]mKev`yhpw Icÿam°nbncp∂ At±lw akolv auDuZn(A)s‚ BXva kplrØmbncp∂p. A√mlphn\pw Ahs‚dkqen (k)\pw tijw Xs‚`mcym a°sf°mfpw k¿ΔkºØnt\°mfpw Xs‚ Poht\°mfpw Cu temIØv e`yambF√m‰nepap]cn B almXvamhvakolv auDuZn(A)s\ lrZbwsIm≠v kvt\ln®ncp∂p.

Ckvemans‚ ]p\cp≤mcWØn∂mbp≈ lZvdØv akolvauDuZn(A)s‚ F√m {]h¿Ø\ßƒ°pw {]bXv\ßƒ°pw

lZvdØv auem\m lJow \qdp±o≥kmln_v (d) imcocnIambpwam\knIambpw kmºØnIambpap≈ F√m ]n¥pWbpw klmbhpw \¬Inbncp∂p. At±lambncp∂p BZy aplmPn¿, akolvauDuZn(A)s‚ ssIbn¬ H∂maXmbn ss_AØv (A\pkcW{]Xn⁄) sNøm≥ `mKywe`n®Xpw At±lØn∂p Xt∂bmbncp∂p. At±lØns‚\∑bpw XJvhbpw Ipeo\XbpwD¬IrjvS kz`mhKpWßfpwAdnhpw ]cnKWn®psIm≠vlZvdØv akolv auDuZn(A)s‚h^mØn\p tijw apAvan\oßfpsS PamAØv sFIIWvtTy\ H∂masØ Jeo^bmbnsXcs™SpØXpw At±lsØXs∂bmbncp∂p. AlvaZnømJnem^Øv hyhÿnXnbpsSÿncXbv°pw {ZXbv°pw th≠nAt±lw ImgvN sh® XymtKm÷zeamb {]h¿Ø\ßƒAt±lØns‚ tkh\ßfn¬G‰hpw al\obhpw alØmbXpw AhnkvacWobhpamWv. BalmXvamhv Jeo^bmbnsXcs™Sp°s∏´v A[nI\mƒIgnbp∂Xn∂p apºp Xs∂kzm¿∞ X¬]ccpw kzm¿∞tamlnIfpamb HcpIq´wBfpIƒ Jnem^Øns‚ AkvXnhmcw Cf°m\pw Jnem^Øv

aμncsØ InSnew sIm≈n°phm\pambn Cdßn∏pds∏´t∏mƒAhsc AXni‡ambn t\cnSpIbpw B™Sn°pIbpw sNbvXpsIm≠v At±lw Jnem^ØvhyhÿnXn°v Xmßpw XWepwi‡nbpw ]I¿∂p sIm≠ncp∂p.At±lw ImWn® [ocamb Btkh\w temImhkm\w hsckvacn°s∏Sp∂Xmbncn°pw.

lZvdØv sauehn lJow\qdp±o≥ kmln_v(d) ImWn®A\pkWhpw At±lw sNbvXam\knIhpw imcocnIhpwkmºØnIhpamb XrmKßtfbpw tkh\ßtfbpw {]Io¿Øn°pI bpw {]iwkn°pIbpwsNbvXpsIm≠v lZvdØv akolvauDuZ v(A) Xs‚ kapZmbØnse apgph≥ BfpIfpw\qdp±o≥ Bbncp∂psh¶n¬F{X \∂mbncp∂p F∂B{Klw {]ISn∏n®ncp∂p.lZvdØv akolv auDuZv(A) CXvXs‚ {KŸßfn¬ DS\ofw{]ISam°pIbpw sNbvXn´p≠v.

temIØv Ckvemans‚t{ijvTXbpw lZvdØv aplΩZvapkvX^m(k)s‚ alXzhpw shfns∏SpØp∂Xn\pw Zo\p¬Ckvemans‚ \jvSs∏´ {]Xm]whos≠Sp°p∂Xn\pw AXns\a‰p aXßfpsS ta¬h n P b n ∏ n ° p ∂ X n ∂ p a m b n

lZvdØv auem\m lmPnbp¬ ldssa≥

lm nkv lJow \qdp±o≥ kmln_v t`chn(Jeo^Øp¬ akolv AΔ¬ (d))

hmKvZØ alvZn(A)bpsS {]Ya injy\pw AlvaZnøm apkvenw

PamAØns‚ {]Ya Jeo^bpw alm ]finX\pamb lJow \qdp±o≥

kmln_v t`chn(d) bpsS PohNcn{X ]cºc Bcw`n°p∂p.

C_v\p h^m t_∏q¿

teJ\w


lZvdØv an¿km Kpemw AlvaZp¬JmZnbm\n(A) sb A√mlphmKvZØ alvZnbpw akolpambn\ntbmKn®t∏mƒ alØmbZuXyhpw `mcn® DØchmZnXzhpw I≠v B ]pWymXvamhva\pjyklPamb _elo\X\nanØw `bs∏´p. AhnSp∂vk¿Δi‡\mb A√mlphns‚Xncpk∂n[nbn¬ Ip\n™p.{]m¿∞\bn¬ \ncX\mbn.A√mlpth, Cu `mcn® DØchmZnXzw ]q¿Ønbm°p∂Xn∂mbn \o F\ns°mcp klmbnsb{]Zm\w sNtøWta F∂phn\oX\mbn At]£n®p.At∏mƒ A√mlp Adnbn®p

\ns∂ klmbn°phm\mbnZnhyt_m[\ØneqsS NnetcmSv\mw I¬]n°pw. Ah¿ h∂p\ns∂ klmbn°pw.lZvdØvakolv auDuZ v(A) cmhpw]Iepw A√mlphn\v ap∂n¬tXßns°m≠v tNmZn®p, ‘bm d_va≥ A≥kzmcn. bm d_v a≥A≥kzmcn . ’ Fs‚ \mYm,BcmsWs∂ klmbn°pI.Bcmbncn°pw Fs‚ klmbnIƒ.

Cu Imcyßƒ hnhcn®psIm≠v lZvdØv akolvauDuZv(A) Xs‚ Bbn\sbIamemsØ Ckvemw F∂ hfsc{]kn≤amb {KŸØn¬ ]dbpIbmWv. Zo\ns‚ klmbnbmbnh¿Øn°p∂ ]etcbpw Rm≥a\ n¬ I≠p. Ahcnemsc¶nepw Fs‚ klmbnbmbncp∂psh¶nse∂p Rm≥ Bin®p.AXn∂pth≠nbp≈ Fs‚At\zjWhpw DXvIWvTbpwPn⁄m kbpw Zmln®v he™p\S°p∂ Hcmƒ sh≈Øn∂mbnAebp∂Xnt\°mƒ Xo£vWXcambncp∂p. Rm≥ cmhpw]Iepw A√mlphns‚ Xncpk∂n[nbn¬ s]mń°c™p sIm≠ncp∂p. k¿Δi‡\mb A√mlp

hns\ hnfn®p hne]n®psIm≠ncp∂p. Fs‚ \mYm, Fs‚c£nXmth, Cu ImcyØn¬BcmsWs‚ klmbnbpwD]Imcnbpsa∂p Rm\ht\mSvtNmZn®p. GImInbmb Rm\nXmFfnabnepw A`nam\`wKØnepamWp≈sX∂p Rm\hs\hn\b]pc cw Adnbn®p.XpS¿®bmbp≈ Fs‚ tcmZ\hpw{]m¿∞\bpw Ah≥ tI´p.BImiw Fs‚ {]m¿∞\Ifm¬\nd™p Ihn™t∏mƒ Ahs\s‚ ZpBIfpw \n lmbXbpwkzoIcn®p.

Aßns\ k¿ΔtemI\mYs‚ ImcpWyISm£w Xnf®padn™p. AtXmsS Ahs\\n°pkmXznI\mb Hcp Iq´pImcs\\¬In. Fs‚ klmbnIfn¬sh®v G‰hpw {]nbs∏´ IängnbmWbmƒ. Zo\ns‚ ImcyØnep≈ Fs‚ kvt\lnXcpsSImXepw Ie¿∏n√mØ kØpamWt±lw. tXtPmabambAt±lØns‚ kZvKpWßƒt]mse At±lØns‚ t]cpw\qdp±o≥ (Zo\ns‚ {]Imiw)F∂p Xs∂bmWv. P∑w sIm≠vAt±lw t`c kztZinbmsW¶nepw hwi ]cºcbneqsSCkvemans‚ kap∂Xt\Xm°fmb Jpssdin lminanbpwkZvhrØcmb amXm ]nXm°fpsSk¥m\hpamWv . At±lsØe`n®XneqsS tOZn°s∏´ Fs‚icoc`mKw XncnsI e`n®kt¥mjhpw kwXr]vXnbpwF\n°v e`n°pIbp≠mbn. \_nIco(k)an∂v Da¿ ^mdqJn(d) s\e`n®t∏mƒ ssIh∂ B\μhpwBÀmZhpw F\n°pw e`n°pIbp≠mbn. AtXmsS Rms\s‚Zp:Jßƒ ad∂p. At±lw Fs‚ASp°¬ h∂p. Rm\pambnI≠papń. Zo\ns‚ am¿§Øn¬ap≥IS∂pt]mb klmbnIfn¬Hcmfmbn Rm\t±lsØ Is≠Øn.

F\n°t±lØns‚ [\wD]Imcs∏´Xp t]mse a‰mcptSbpw [\w D]Imcs∏ńń√.At±lw A√mlphns‚ Xr]vXn°mbn Ipsdh¿jßfmbn kmºØnI klmbw sNbvXpsIm≠ncn°pIbmWv. At±lw Xs‚AKm[amb ]mfinXyØnepwA\p{Klßfnepw \∑bnepwDZmcXbnepw F√mhtcbpw]n≥X≈ns°m≠v apt∂dnbncn°p∂p. B XymKnhcr≥ Xs‚apgph≥ kºØpw A√mlphns‚ am¿§Øn¬ sNehgn®psIm≠ncn°pIbmWv. At±lØn∂p G‰hpw IqSpX¬ kt¥mjwe`n°p∂Xv A√mlphns‚hN\amb Jp¿B\neqtSbmWv.B alms‚ kz`mh hntijWßƒ hnhcn°pIbmsW¶n¬DZmcX At±lØns‚ Bcm[\bpw, Adnhv Blmchpw,klnjvWpX PohnX kz`mhhpw,Xh°p¬ i‡nbpamWv. At±lsØ t]msemcp alm]finXs\Rms\hntSbpw I≠nń√. [\]cambn A\pKrloX\pw sFizcyhm\pambn´pw At±lsØt]msemcp Zcn{Zt\tbm A√mlphns‚ am¿§Øn¬ C{Xb[nIw]Ww sNehgn°p∂ HcmtftbmF\ns°hntSbpw Is≠Øphm\mbn√.

At±lw Fs‚ ASp°¬h∂p. Rm\pambn I≠papń.Fs‚ ZrjvSnIƒ At±lØn¬]Xn™p. At±lw Fs‚\mY\mb A√mlphns‚ ZrjvSm¥ßfn¬ Hcp ZrjvSm¥amsW∂vRm≥ Xncn®dn™p. Ct±lsØe`n®Xv \nc¥camb Fs‚{]m¿∞\bpsS êamsWs∂\n°v ZrVhnizmkap≠v. Ct±lwA√mlphns‚ sXcs™Sp°s∏´hcn¬ HcmfmsW∂pw Fs‚DƒImgvNbpw hnthN\i‡nbpwFt∂mS v ]d™p. (Bbns\IamemsØ Ckvemw t]Pv 581,582)

lZvdØv auehn lJow


\qdp±o≥ kmln_ns‚ KpWKWßsf {]Io¿Øn®p sIm≠vlZvdØv akolv auDuZv(A) Xs‚as‰mcp {KŸØn¬ FgpXpIbmWv, ""auehn lJow \qdp±o≥kmln_v BXvam¿∞XbnepwIqdnepw kvt\lØnepw A¿∏Wt_m[Ønepw \nkzm¿∞XbnepwDZmcXbnepw Zm\ioeØnepwCkvemant\mSp≈ A\pIºbnepw klXm]Ønepw Akm[mcWamb Hcp ÿm\w ssIhcn®hy‡nbmWv. [\Ønt‚bpwkºØnt‚bpw B[nIyap≠mIptºmƒ A√mlphns‚ am¿§Øn¬ A¬]kz¬]w sNehgn°p∂hsc \mw [mcmfwI≠n´p≠v. F∂m¬ kzbw]ńWn InS∂psIm≠v Xs‚{]nbs∏´ [\w apgph\pwA√mlphns‚ Xr]vXn°mbnsNehgn°pIbpw X\n°mbn CutemIØv H∂pw Xs∂ _m°nshbv°mXncn°pIbpw sNøp∂al\ob KpWw ]q¿Æamb\nebn¬ auehn kmln_n¬am{XamWp I≠Xv. As√¶n¬auehn kmln_pambp≈klhmkw \nanØw XßfpsSlrZbØn¬ am‰w hcpØnbhcnepw Cu KpWw It≠°mw.auehn kmln_v C∂phsc Cuhn\oX\p Zo\ns‚ tkh\Øn\mbn aqΔmbncw cq]tbmfw\¬In°gn™ncn°p∂p. F\n°t±lØns‚ ]Ww D]Imcs∏´Xn\p kam\amb as‰mcpZmlcWw ImWn°m≥ Fs‚ ]°en√.CXv ùXnIhpw kmaqlnIhpamb Iogvhg°Øn∂v s]mXphn¬ FXncmsW¶nepw A√mlphnep≈ ZrV hnizmkhpwCkvemw aXw kXyhpw ssZhØn¶¬ \n∂pw AhXcn°s∏ń´p≈XmsW∂v ASnbpd®phnizkn°pIbpw ImeØns‚Camans\ Xncn®dnbpIbpwA√mlphnt\mSpw Ahs‚dkqen(k)t\mSpw hnip≤Jp¿Bt\mSpap≈ kvt\lØm

epw A`n\nthiØmepw kzbwAen™n√mXmbns°m≠v Xs‚lemepw ]cnip≤hpamb [\wZo\n∂p ka¿∏n°p∂psh¶n¬A√mlphns‚ ap∂n¬ AØcwhnImchnNmcßƒ hfscb[nIwhneaXn°s∏Sp∂ H∂mW.v

Ah≥ ]dbp∂p,

(\nßƒ CjvSs∏Sp∂ [\Øn¬\n∂pw sNehgn°p∂Xp hsc\nßƒ ]cn]q¿Æ \∑{]m]n°pIbn√). XpS¿∂p≈DdpZp ^m¿kn CucSnIfn¬lZvdØv akolv auDuZv (A)]dbpIbmWv,

"ssZhØn¬ XßfpsSkIeXpw A¿∏n°p∂h¿am{XamWv Ahs‚ bYm¿∞t{]an . Fs‚ {]mW{]nb≥(AXmbXv A√mlp) Fßs\bmWv Ft∂mSv kwXr]vX\mhpIF∂ Hscm‰ Nn¥ am{Xambncn°pw AhcpsS a\ n¬ cmhpw]Iepw. Poh\pw kzØpwAh\p ap∂n¬ _enIgn®mepwRm≥ Ct∏mgpw Zp¿KpW\pw\n mc\pamWt√m F∂ Nn¥bmbncn°pw AhcpsS lrZbßsf Aeńs°m≠ncn°pI.a\pjys\∂ Hcp ]nSn aÆv B]cnip≤\pambn Hńt®cptºmƒam{XamWv bYm¿∞ ]cnip≤nssIhcp∂Xv. Fs‚ kapZmbØnse apgph≥ AwKßfpw\qdp±os\ t]msebmbncp∂psh¶n¬ F{X \∂mbncp∂p.]t£, AXn∂p ZrVhnizmkØns‚ {]Imiw XßfpsS lrZbØn¬ D≠mt°≠nbncn°p∂p.'(\nims\ Bkvam\n, dqlm\nJkmbn≥, hmfyw 4, t]Pv 46)

lZvdØv akolv auDuZv(A) Xs‚ Ad_n {KŸamblamaØp¬ _pivdbn¬ lZvdØvsauehn lJow \qdp±o≥kmln_ns‚ D¬IrjvS kz`mhsshinjyw hnhcn®p sIm≠vAcpƒ sNøpIbmWv,

Fs‚ F√m kvt\lnX∑mcpw s]mXphn¬apØJoßƒXt∂bmWv. F∂m¬ Ahcn¬i‡amb DƒImgvNbpw Aht_m[hpw AKm[amb AdnhpwtemelrZb\pw ZbmephpwCkveman¬ ASnbpd®p hnizkn°p∂h\pw kvt\lkº∂\pwssZhnI⁄m\hpw ssZh`bhpap≈ ÿncNnØ\pw A\pKrloX\pw kmXznI\pw [¿Ω\njvTbpw \∑ \nd™h\pw lZokv^nJvlv hnjbßfn¬ AKm[]mfinXyap≈h\pw t]cptI´`njKzc\pw lmPnbpw hnip≤Jp¿B≥ a\:]mThpam°nbJpssdin tKm{XØnse kn≤oJn]mcºcyhpap≈ Hcmfp≠v.At±lØns‚ Xncp\maw auehnlJow \qdp±o≥ t`chn F∂mWv.A√mlp At±lØn\v BXvaobhpw ùXoIhpamb F√msFizcyßfpw {]Zm\w sNøpamdmIs´.

kvt\lØnepw BXvam¿∞Xbnepw Iqdnepw `b`‡nbnepw \∑bnepw \nkzm¿∞Xbnepw At±lw Fs‚ F√minjy∑mcnepw sh®v {]Yaÿm\ob\mWv. A√mlphnep≈ASnbpd® hnizmkØnepw\nkzm¿∞Xbnepw Zo\ns‚tkh\ ImcyØnepw Ct±lwHckm[cW hy‡n Xt∂bmWv.Zo\ns‚ D∂a\Øn∂mbn At±lw ]e coXnbn¬ Xs‚ ]WwsNehgn®n´p≠v . am{Xhpa√`mcyma°tf°mfpw ùXnIambXs‚ apgph≥ kºØnt\°mfpwkIe NpaXeIsf °mfpwA√mlphns‚ {]oXn Icÿam°p∂Xn\p At±lw {]Yaÿm\w \¬Ip∂p. F√mbnt∏mgpw Ahs‚ Xr]vXn am{XamWt±lw Imw£n°p∂Xv. AXn\mbnXs‚ Poh\pw [\hpw Dt]£n°m≥ At±lw XømdpamWv.GXhkcØnepw IrX⁄Xmat\m`mhtØmsSbmWt±lwPohnXw \bn°p∂Xv.


temelrZb\pw EPpam\k\pw Zbmephpw F√m \∑Ifpw\nd™h\pamb At±lw Xs‚icotcOIfpsS B¿Ønbn¬\n∂pw B{Klßfn¬ \n∂pwhfsc hnZqcØmWp \n¬°p∂Xv . \∑Iƒ sNøphm\p≈Hchkchpw At±lw ]mgm°mdn√. dkq¬ Icoan(k)s‚ Zo\ns‚Hu∂XyØn∂pw A`ypZbØn\pambn Xs‚ c‡w Hgp°m\pwJmØap∂_nøos‚ am¿§Øn¬Poh≥ XyPn°phm\pap≈At±lØns‚ tamlhpwhmRvObpw A\n¿hN\obamWv.\∑sb ]n≥XpS¿∂psIm≠vXn∑sb hn]mS\w sNøphm\mbnGXv kmlkØn∂pw At±lwapXncpw. CØcØnep≈ D∂Xßfmb [m¿ΩnI KpWßfp≈h\pw t\¿am¿§w ]qInbh\pamb Hcp kvt\lnXs\ \¬InbXn¬ Rm≥ A√mlphns\kvXpXn°p∂p. (lamaØp¬_pivd, t]Pv 15 16)

lZvdØv A_q_°¿kn≤oJp(d) ambp≈

kmZriyw

lZvdØv akolv auDuZv(A) A¬hknøØv F∂ Xs‚{KŸØn¬ \_n(k)Xncpta\n°p tijw Cu PamAØn¬D≠mIm≥ t]mIp∂ c≠mwi‡n{]`mhsØ lZvdØvA_q_°¿ kn≤oJv(d)s‚Jnem^ØpambmWv XmcXaywsNbvXncn°p∂Xv . lZ vdØvakolv auDuZv(A)s‚ \ncymWØn\v tijw A√mlp BalmXvamhns‚ klm_m°sfGsXmcp ssIbn¬ Hcpan®pIqńtbm At±lØn\p AXmbXvlZvdØv auem\m lJow \qdp±o≥kmln_n\p lZvdØv A_q_°¿ kn≤oJp(d)ambn ]eImcyßfnepw kmZriyap≈XmbnImWmw.

1. lZvdØv aplΩZv apkvX^m(k){]hmNIXzhmZw ]pds∏Sphn®

t∏mƒ bmsXmcp kwibØn∂pwkt¶mNØn∂pw CSw \¬ImsXbmsXmcp sXfnhpw Bhiys∏SmsX ]pcpj∑mcn¬ BZyambn\_n Xncpta\n (k)sbkzoIcn®Xv lZvdØv A_q_°¿kn≤oJv(d) Bbncp∂p. lZvdØvdkq¬ Xncpta\n (k)AcpƒsNøpIbmWv.

Rm≥ P\ßsf hnfn®p.F∂n´v ]d™p, A√mlphn\m¬Ab°s∏´ \nßfpsS dkqemWpRm≥. Ah¿ ]d™p, I≈amWv\o ]dbp∂Xv. F∂m¬ A_q_°¿ Fs∂ kXys∏SpØns°m≠v kzoIcn®p. (_pJmcnInØm_pX^vko¿)

Ckvemans‚ `mKtØ°vP\ßsf hnfn®t∏mƒ Ah¿kwibw {]ISn∏n°pIbpwkzoIcn°m≥ hnkΩXn°pIbpwsNbvXp. F∂m¬ A_q_°¿bmsXmcp kt¶mNhpw IqSmsXHcp kwibhpw {]ISn∏n°msXA¬]w t]mepw sshImsXFs∂ kzoIcn®p. (C_v\plnimw, hmfyw H∂v)

lZvdØv akolv auDZv(A)lZvdØv auem\m lJow \qdp±o≥kmln_v(d)s\ Ipdn®v hnhcn°pIbmWv,

\mep `mKØp \n∂pwIm^n¿ Im^n¿ F∂ i–wAebSn®pbcpIbpw ]ecpwkwibhpw kt¶mNhpw ImWn°pIbpw sNbvX AhkcØn¬BZyambn Fs∂ kXys∏SpØpIbpw kzoIcn°pIbpw sNbvXpsIm≠v auehn kmln_ns‚IsØ\n°p JmZnbm\n¬ Inń.AXnet±lw FgpXn. "Xm¶ƒXt∂bmWv akolv auDuZv F∂Imcyw Rm≥ km£ys∏SpØp∂p.'

(Ckmse Hulmw, dqlm\nJkmbn≥, hmfyw 3, t]Pv 521)

2. lZvdØv A_q_°¿ kn≤oJv

(d)s\ Ipdn®v dkq¬ Icow(k)Acpƒ sNbvXp,

(Xn¿anZn)

A_q_°dns‚ [\wF\n°p]Imcs∏´Xp t]mseas‰mcmfpsS [\hpw F\n°p]Imcs∏ń√.

CXpt]mse lZvdØv auehn lJow \qdp±o≥ kmln_ns‚kmºØnI klmbßtfbpwHuZmcyßtfbpw {]Io¿Øn®psIm≠v lZvdØv akolvauDuZv(A) ]dbpIbmWv,

At±lØns‚ [\wF\n°v D]Imcs∏´Xpt]mseAXn∂v kam\ambn as‰ms∂\n°v ImWn°m\n√. (CkmseHulmw)

F\n°v Ct±lØns‚[\w D]Imcs∏´Xpt]msea‰mcptSbpw [\w D]Imcs∏ńń√. At±lw A√mlphns‚Xr]vXn°mbn Ipsd h¿jßfmbnPamAØn\p kmºØnI klmbw sNbvXp sIm≠ncn°pIbmWv.(Bbn\sb IamemsØ Ckvemwt]Pv 582)

3. \_n Icow(k)s‚ h^mØn∂vtijw apgph≥ klm_m°fpwsFIyIWvtTy\ lZvdØvA_q_°¿ kn≤oJn (d)s\H∂mw Jeo^bmbn AwKoIcn®Xp t]mse lZvdØv akolvauDuZv(A)s‚ \ncymWØn∂ptijw apgph≥ klm_m°fpwlZvdØv auehn lJow \qdp±o≥kmln_v(d)s\ H∂mw Jeo^bmbn AwKoIcn®p.

lZvdØv lJow \qdp±o≥kmln_n¬ I≠ D∂Xamb[m¿ΩnI KpWßfmWp lZvdØvakolv auDuZ v (A) Xs‚{KŸßfn¬ hnhcn®Xv. lZvdØvakolv auDuZn(A)s‚ hm°pIfn¬ ]d™m¬ \mUnanSn∏pF{]Imcw lrZbsØ A\pKan°p∂pthm AXpt]mse At±lw


akolv auDuZns\ A\pkcn°pambncp∂p. lZ vdØv lJow\qdp±o≥ kmln_v (d) lZvdØvakolv auDuZnt\mSpw PamAØnt\mSpw ImWn® kvt\lhpwBXvam∞Xbpw Iqdpw A\pkcWhpw hnt[bXzhpw kam\XIfn√mØhbmW. v At±lwHcn°¬ akolv auDuZns\gpXnb IØnse Cu sNdnsbmcp`mKw AXns‚ Hcp DØaamXrIbmWv. At±lw FgpXpIbmWv

‘auem\m, ap¿inZp\m, Camap\m,A emap Asse°pw h:h.

_lpam\ysc, ImeØns‚Camamb Aßsb Fs¥mcpDt±iyØn∂mbn´mtWm apP±nZmbn A√mlp \ntbmKn®b®ncn°p∂Xv AXns‚ kmêyØn∂mbn F√mbnt∏mgpw AßbpsS khn[Øn¬ Ignbm≥`mKyw e`nt°Wta F∂mWvCubp≈hs‚ {]m¿∞\.Asßs∂ A\phZn°pIbmsW¶n¬ tPmen cmPn sh®pAßbpsS Xncpkhn[Øn¬Rm≥ Imew Ignt®mfmw. AßvI¬]n°pIbmsW¶n¬ F√mwDt]£n®p cmPysam´msI Np‰n°dßn P\ßsf kXyaXØnte°v hnfn°pIbpw B hgnbn¬Xs∂ Rms\s‚ PohnXwAhkm\n∏n°pIbpw sNbvtXmfmw. AßbpsS am¿§Øn¬Rm≥ {]mWXymKw sNøp∂p.Fs‚ ]°¬ F¥pt≠mAsXt‚X√. AXßbptSXmWv.Fs‚ bPam\tc, t\¿am¿§Ønte°v Fs∂ \bn°p∂hcpambhtc, Rm≥ Atßb‰sØkXyk‘XtbmSpw BXvam¿∞XtbmSpw IqSn ]dbs´, Fs‚apgph≥kzØpw [\hpw Zo\ns‚{]NcWØn∂mbn hn\ntbmKn°s∏SpIbmsW¶n¬ Rm≥ [\y\mbn, Cubp≈h≥ IrXm¿∞\mbn.’

At±lw apºpw BXvaob

ambn Db¿∂ hy‡nXzØns‚DSabmbncp∂p. ]©m_n akolns\ kzoIcn®XpsIm≠v Xm¶ƒF¥p t\Sn Fs∂mcn°¬ HcmƒtNmZn®t∏mƒ apºp Rm≥ dkq¬Icow(k) s\ kz]v\Øn¬Z¿in°mdp≠mbncp∂p F∂pwakolv auDuZns\ kzoIcn®tijw B ]pWrmXvamhns‚BXvaob i‡n{]`mhØm¬Rm\nt∏mƒ Pm{KXmhÿbnepwXncpta\n(k)sb Z¿in°mdps≠∂mbncp∂p adp]Sn. lZvdØvakolv auDuZn(A)s\ kzoIcn®tijw lJow \qdp±o≥ kmln_v\∑bn¬ apt∂dm≥ e`n°p∂Hchkchpw ]mgm°nbncp∂n√.akolv auDuZn(A)s‚ Xr]vXnbpw B ]pWymXvamhns‚ZpBbpw tam£Øn\p Hgn®pIqSm\mhmØXmsW∂p B]pWymXvamhv F∂pw IcpXp∂p≠mbncp∂p.

akolv auDuZn(A)s‚klm_nbmbncp∂ anbm Pm≥aplΩZv kmln_v acWs∏´t∏mƒ J_dS°Øn∂mbnaøØv J_¿kvYm\n¬ FØn®p.aøØp \akv°mcØn\plZvdØv akolv auDuZv(A)Xt∂bmWp t\XrXzw \¬InbXv.\akv°mcw h√msX Zo¿Ln®p.kmXznI\pw \√h\pamb Xs‚B {]nbs∏´ kzlm_n°pth≠n At±lØns‚ aKv^ndØn∂mbn akolv auDuZv(A)A\nXc km[mcWamb \nebn¬Zo¿Lambn ZpB sNbvXp. IqsS\n∂p \akv°cn°p∂hcpsSImepIƒ Igbv°m\pw sIńbssIIƒ thZ\n°m\pw XpSßn.{][m\ klm_m°fnsemcmfmb]o¿ kndmPp¬ lJv kmln_v\pAvam\n(d) ]dbpIbmWp\akv°mcØn¬ Fs‚ ÿnXn]d™dnbn°m\mhmØ hn[whjfmbn. Rm\nXn\p apºv C{X\o≠ aøØp \akv°mcw\akv°cn®nń√. a‰p≈hcpsSImcrhpw AXp Xt∂bmbncn°pw

Rm≥ Fs‚ ImcyamWp]d™Xv.

\akv°mcØn\p tijwlZvdØv \qdp±o≥ kmln_v(d)akolv auDuZn(A)s‚ASp°¬ h∂p. F∂n´p hfschn\b]pc cw ]d™p, lpkq¿CXv Fs‚ aøØmbncp∂psh¶n¬, CXv Fs‚ aøØp\akv°mcambncp∂psh¶nse∂pRm≥ \akv°mcØn¬ h√msXB{Kln®p t]mbn. ImcWwlpkq¿ A{Xam{Xw ]tcX\pth≠n ZpB sNbvXt√m. lZvdØvakolv auDuZ v(A) Nncn®psIm≠v ]d™p: auehnkmln_v Xm¶ƒ F∂pw \∑am{Xw B{Kln°p∂ AXn¬apt∂dm≥ {ian°p∂ BfmWv.Xm¶fpsS t]cv t]mse Xs∂.CXmWv lJoap¬ DΩØv\qdp±os\ AAvkw.

lZvdØv lJow \qdp±o≥kmln_ns‚ hwimhen

auem\m lmPn lJow\qdp±o≥ kmln_v(d) Aaodp¬apAvan\o≥ lZvdØv Da¿ _n≥JØzm_v(d)s‚ k¥m\]cºcbn¬s∏´ Hcp almXvamhmWv. B ]cºcbnse [mcmfwt]¿ Huenbm°fpw henbssZh`‡cpw hnip≤ Jp¿Bs\AIagn™p kvt\ln°pIbpw]Tn°pIbpw a\:]mTam°nbhcpambncp∂p. At±lØns‚hwimhen∏ńI (Genealogical

table/Family tree) ]cntim[n°pIbmsW¶n¬ At±lw apX¬apIfnte°p ]Xns\m∂p Xeapdhscbp≈ ]q¿Δ]nXm°ƒF√mhcpw Xs∂ hnip≤Jp¿B≥ a\:]mTam°nbhcmbncp∂Xmbn ImWmw.GItZiw 1500 h¿jw apºvaplΩZv apkvX^m(k)s‚h^mØn∂p tijw lZvdØv Da¿JØzm_v Jnem^sØ∂AXnal\ob ÿm\Øv c≠mwJeo^bmbn Ahtcm[n°s∏´p.


C∂p A√mlp B ]pWymXvamhns‚ k¥m\]cºcbnse HcpkpXs\ Ckvemans‚ \thm∞m\Øn∂mbn Xncpta\n(k)bpsS{]hN\{]Imcw Cu ImeØvAhXo¿Æcmb hmKvZØ alvZnakoln(A)s‚ \ncymWsØXpS¿∂v H∂mw Jeo^bmbnAhtcm[n®p. 1912 am¿®v 28mwXnøXn _Z¿ hmcnIbn¬{]kn≤w sNbvX At±lØns‚hwi]cºc∏ńI s]mXphn⁄m\Øn∂mbn Xmsg tN¿°p∂p.

36 . lZ vdØv Aaodp¬apAvan\o≥ Da¿ JØzm_v(d) 35.lZvdØv kp¬Øm\p¬ aimbnJvtiJv A–p≈mlv(d) 34.lZvdØv\kodp±o≥ 33. lZ vdØvkp¬Øm≥ C{_mlnw 32 .lZvdØv tiJv CkvlmJv 31.lZvdØv tiJv ^Xlv aplΩZvJm≥ 30. lZ vdØv hmbnkvAIv_¿ 29. lZvdØv hmbnkvAkvK¿ 28. lZvdØv A–p≈mlv27. lZvdØv tiJv akvDuZv 26.lZvdØv tiJv A–p manAv 25.lZvdØv tiJv alvaqZv 24. lZvdØv\kodp±o≥ 23. lZvdØv tiJv^dJv imlv Im_qfn JpZpkvkn¿dlp¬ Akokv 22. lZvdØvtiJv AlvaZv A¬ aAvdq^vlm^nkv alvaqZv 21. lZvdØv tiJvinlm_p±o≥ 20. lZvdØv tiJvaplΩZv 19 . lZ vdØv tiJvbqkp^v 18. lZvdØv AlvaZv17.lZvdØv ipsF_v 16. lZvdØvtiJv Pamep±o≥ 15. lZvdØvtiJv kpsseam≥ 14. lZvdØvtiJv _lmD±o≥ 13. lZvdØvtiJv _Zdp±o≥ 12. lZvdØvJmkn A–p¿dlvam≥ 11. lZvdØvlm^nkv A–p¬ K\n 10. lZvdØvlm^nkv A–p∂ko¿ 9. lZvdØvlm^nkv \kvdp≈mlv 8. lZvdØvlm^nkv A–p¬ AkokvaKv^q¿ 7.lZvdØv lm^nkv bm¿aplΩZv 6. lZvdØv lm^nkvA–p¿ d∫v 5. lZvdØv lm^nkv^Jdp±o≥ 4. lZvdØv lm^nkvaAkp±o≥ 3. lZvdØv lm^nkv

Kpemw aplΩZv 2 . lZ vdØvlm^nkv Kpemw dkq¬ 1. lZvdØvJeo^Øp¬ akolv AΔ¬lm^nkv lJow \qdp±o≥kmln_v (d)

lZvdØv lJow \qdp±o≥kmln_v ]m°nÿm\n¬imlv]q¿ Pn√bnse t`cbn¬1841¬ P\n®p. amXm]nXm°ƒ C´t]cv \qdp±o≥ F∂p Xs∂bmbncp∂p. ]nXmhv lm^nkvKpemw dkq¬ kmln_pw amXmhvanbm≥ JmZn¿ _Jvivkmln_ns‚ aIƒ \q¿ _JvØvkmln_bpamWv . amXmhpw]nXmhpw D∂X IpePmXcpwF√mhcmepw BZcn°s∏Sp∂IpSpw_Øn¬ s]´hcpambncp∂p. AXpImcWw sNdp∏ ImewsXm´p Xs∂ \qdp±o≥ kmln_vhfsc ]cnip≤ in£WØnepwNp‰p]mS neqtSbpambncp∂pIS∂p t]mbXv. ChcpsS HºXva°fn¬ \qdp±o≥ kmln_vG‰hpw Cfbh\mbncp∂p.Ct±lØn∂v Bdv ktlmZ∑mcpwc≠v ktlmZcnamcpamWv D≠mbncp∂Xv.

lZvdØv \qdp±o≥ kmln_vXs‚ amXmhns\ Ipdn® vhnhcn°pIbmWv, DΩ hfscsNdp{]mbØn¬ Xs∂ Jp¿B≥HmXm≥ ]Tn®ncp∂p. ]Xnaq∂masØ hb p apX¬ Jp¿B≥a‰p≈h¿°p ]Tn∏n®p sImSp°m\pw XpSßn. DΩ hfscD’mltØmsS Ft∏mgpwJp¿B≥]mcmbWw sNøpambncp∂p. AXpImcWw RßƒF√m ktlmZco ktlmZc∑m¿°pw Jp¿B\pambnsNdp{]mbw apX¬ Xs∂ \√_‘amWp≠mbncp∂Xv. Fs‚DΩm°v HºXv a°fp≠mbncp∂psh¶nepw IrXykaØv Xs∂\akv°mcw A\pjvTn°pambncp∂p. IpńIƒ ImcWØm¬Hcn°epw \akv°mcw "Jf'B°nbncp∂n√. \akv°cn°p∂

ÿeØv Hcp hrØnbp≈]pX∏p Xq°nbn´psh®ncn°pw.kabambm¬ hpkp FSpØv B]pX∏p ]pX®p \akv°cn°pw.AXpt]mse Jp¿B≥ ]mcmbWw Hcp Znhkw t]mepwDt]£n®ncp∂n√. Rm≥ Fs‚P\\Øn\p apºv DΩms‚DZcØn¬ sh®pw ]n∂oSv aSnbn¬InS∂psIm≠pw Jp¿B≥tIń´p≠v . Fs∂ Jp¿B≥]Tn∏n®Xv DΩbmbncp∂p.

lJow \qdp±o≥ kmln_vhfsc sNdp∏w sXm´v A\\ykm[mcWamb Hm¿Ωi‡n{]ISn∏n®ncp∂p. apeIpSn am‰nbXpt]mepw \∂mbn Hm¿°p∂Xmbn At±lw ]dbpambncp∂p.km[mcW \ΩpsS \mń¬amXm°ƒ sNømdp≈Xpt]mseapeIpSn \n¿Øphm\pw apeIpSn°p∂ Ipń°v shdp∏pfhm°phm\pambn amXm°ƒ kvX\ßfn¬ IdpØ acp∂p ]pc´mdp≈Xpt]mse amXmhv sNbvXXpwAt±lØn\p Hm¿Ωbp≠v. Bkabßfn¬ Xs‚ G‰hpw aqØktlmZcs‚ `mcy Fs‚ a\ pam‰m\pw kt¥mjn∏n°phm\pambn Fs∂ FSpØp \S°pIbpw ‘A≥Ø¬ lmZn A≥Ø¬lJv ssek¬ lmZn C√m lph’

F∂v Xmcm´p cq]Øn¬sNm√ns°m≠ncn°mdps≠∂pwlZvdØv \qdp±o≥ kmln_v]dbpambncp∂p. amXmhv lZvdØv\q¿ _IvØv kmln_ Xs‚\mńepw Np‰p]mSnepap≈ sNdnbIpńIsf Jp¿B\pw ]©m_nbn¬ AXns‚ X¿÷abpw^nJvlpw ]Tn∏n°mdp≠mbncp∂p. CØcØn¬ \qdp°W°n\p IpńIsf Ah¿ Jp¿B≥]Tn∏n®n´p≠v. F∂m¬ BtcbpwASn°pItbm NoØ ]dbpItbm sNbvXncp∂n√. ]T\Øn¬{i≤bn√mØ IpńItfmSv Ah¿]©m_nbn¬ C{Xam{Xw

tijw t]Pv 43 ¬


"Ah≥ Ah-tcmSp ]d-™p.\nßƒ {]m¿∞n-°p-tºmƒCßs\ ]d-bpI: "ssZhta

\ns‚ \maw ]qPn-X-am-tI-W-ta.\ns‚ cmPyw hc-W-ta. Znh-tk\ th≠ A∏w A∂∂pRßƒ°v Xtc-W-ta. Rß-fpsS ]m]-ßƒ Rß-tfmSv

£an-t°-Wta (eq-t°mkv 2˛3);kz¿§-ÿ-\mb Rß-fpsS]nXmth (ssZ-h-ta) \ns‚

cmPyw htc-W-ta. \ns‚ XncphnhnjvSw kz¿K-Øn-se-t∏mse`qan-bnepw \nd-th-d-Wta. Znh-

tk\ th≠ A∏w C∂vRßƒ°v Xtc-Wta (eq-

t°mkv: 6:9˛11)

CXv tbip ]Tn-∏n® {][m-\-s∏´ Hcp {]m¿∞-\-bm-Wv. tImSn-°-W-°n\v {InkvXym -\n -IƒIgn™ c≠m-bncw h¿j-ambnCu {]m¿∞\ Bh¿Øn-°p-∂p.Cu {]m¿∞-\bv°v c≠v hi-ß-fp-≠v. BZy-tØXv ssZh-cmPyw`qan -bn¬ ÿm]n -°-W-sa∂A¿∞-\-bm-Wv. c≠m-a-tØXv Znh-tk-\-bp≈ Blm-c-Øn-\p-th-≠n-bp≈ A¿∞-\-bpw. Cu {]m¿∞-\-bmWv {InkvXym-\n -Iƒ Znh-khpw Bh¿Øn-°p-∂-Xv. ChnsS

Znh-tk-\-bp≈ Blmcw F∂Xvan° Bfp -Iƒ°pw tKmXºvsImt≠m tNmfw sImt≠m D≠m-°nb sdm´n-bm-Wv. ]t£ CXv am{X-amWv Cu {]m¿∞-\-bpsS Xmev]-cy-sa-¶n¬ Cu {]m¿∞-\m-h-N-\-Ønse kuμcyw \jvS-am-bn-t∏m-hp-∂p. "Znh-tk\ th≠ A∏wA∂∂p Rßƒ°v Xc-Wta'F∂ {]m¿∞-\m -ssi-en°v ,XnI®pw hyXy-kvX-amb as‰m¿∞-amWp≈-Xv.

ChnsS tbip ]d-™Xv \mwZnt\\ hb¿ \nd-°p∂ Blm-c-sØ-°p-dn-®-√. as‰mcp coXn-bn-ep≈ Blm-csØ°pdn -®mWvAt±lw ]d-™-Xv.

ss__n-fn¬ tbip ]nim-Nns‚ {]tem- \w t\cn- -Xmbn \mwhmbn-°p-∂p. ""{]tem-`-I≥ h∂vAh-t\mSv ]d™p: "\o ssZh-]p-{X-s\-¶n¬ Cu I√p-I-tfmSv A∏-am -Im≥ Iev]n -°p -I.' tbip]d™p: a\p -jy≥ A∏wsIm≠v am{X-a√ Pohn-°p-∂Xv;ssZh-Øns‚ Xncp-hm-bn¬ \n∂v]pd-s∏-Sp∂ F√m hN-\-ß-fmepwAt{X. (a-Øm. 4:3˛4).

tbip ]n∂oSv Cu hN-\-Øns‚ A¿∞w hnh-cn-°p-∂p."kz¿§-Øn¬ \n∂pw Cdßnh∂p temI-Øn\v Poh≥ \¬Ip-∂-XmWv ssZh-Øns‚ A∏w'

Ah¿ Ah-t\mS v ]d™p:"I¿Ømth Cu A∏w Rßƒ°vFt∏mgpw X∂mepw (tbml: 6.33-˛34)

Cu A∏-sØ-∏-‰n-bp≈ {]Xn-]m-Z\w ss__nƒ ]g-b-\n-b-a-Ønepw ImWmw. "a\p-jy≥ A∏wsIm≠v am{X-a√ Pohn-°p-∂Xvadn®v I¿Øm-hns‚ hmbn¬\n∂pw ]pd-s∏-Sp -∂-h-sb√mwsIm≠v At{X' (Bh: 8:3)

as‰m-c¿∞-Øn¬ ]d-bp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ a\p-jys‚ Bflo-bm-lmcw ka-bm-k-a-b-ß-fn¬ ssZh-Øns‚ hN-\-ß-fn¬ \n∂mWvhtc-≠Xv. apºv C{km-tb¬ P\X{]hm-N-I≥ tamk-kn-eqsS Bflo-b-ambn A\p-{K-ln-°-s∏-Sp-I-bp-≠m-bn. A{]-Imcw Xs∂ tbip-hns‚ A\p-bm-bn-Ifpw ssZh-Øn¬ \n∂p≈ Cu Bflo-bm-lmcw aptJ\ Blcn°s∏-Sp-I-bp-≠m-bn. tbip Cu efn-X-ambCu hN-\-Øn-eqsS \sΩ ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂Xv Znt\\ Cu Bflob £-W-Øns‚ Bh-iy -IXap≥\n¿Øn AXns‚ \nh¿Øn-∏n-\p-th≠n {]m¿∞n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°-W-sa-∂m-Wv. C∂-esØ A∏wC∂-se-bpsS P\-X-°p≈ A\p-{K-l-am-Wv. AXvsIm≠v C∂sØP\-X-bpsS hni∏v ian-°-W-sa-∂n-√. Ign -™-h¿jsØ h¿j-

Cu A∏-Øn¬ \n∂v \nßƒ°pw

]¶v ]‰mw

^em-lp-±o≥ ipwkv

ssZh-Øn¬ \n∂p≈ Bflo-bm-lmcw Ah≥ a\p-jy¿°mbn Imem-

Im-e-ß-fn¬ \¬In-t]m-cp-∂p. kXym-flm-°ƒ Ah-cpsS A∏w

Bl-cn-°s´.

teJ\w


PeØn\v Cu h¿jsØ hcƒ®-bn¬ \n∂pw Irjnsb c£n-∏m≥km[y-a-√t√m? Imcp-Wy-hm-\mbssZhw Ahs‚ a°-fpsS hni-∏-S -°m≥ th≠n \S -Øp∂{]m¿∞\ Ah-K-Wn-°n-√. hfscat\m-l-c-ambn tbip CXv hnh-cn-°p-∂p.

"A∏w tNmZn-°p∂ aI\pI√p-sIm-Sp-°p∂ Bsc-¶nepw\nß-fpsS Iq´-Øn-ept≠m? AXp-t]mse aI≥ ao≥ tNmZn-®m¬Bcm\pw k¿∏sØsImSp-°p-tam? a°ƒ°v \√ Zm\-ßƒsImSp -°-W-sa∂v ZpjvS -cmb\nßƒ°v t]mepw Adn-bm-sa-¶n¬ kz¿§-ÿ-\mb \nß-fpsS]nXmhp Xt∂mSv tNmZn-°p-∂-h¿°v F{Xtbm A[nIw \√h\¬Ipw. (a-Øm. 7:9˛12)

tbip ap¥n-cn-tØm-´-Øns‚DS-a-bpsS IY F∂ t]cn¬ al-Ømb Hcp D]-am-IY ss__n-fn¬hnh-cn -°p∂p (aØm 21, am¿t°mkv 12, eqt°mkv 20).

Cu IY-bn¬ Hcp ap¥n-cn-tØm-´ -Øns‚ DS -a - tXm´wÿm]n®v AXv IpSn -bm -∑mscGev]n®v as‰mcp \mń-te°v t]mbnsImbvØv ASp-Ø-t∏mƒ tXm´-Øns‚ DSa Xs‚ `rXy-∑mscap¥n-cn-∏-g-ßƒ tiJ-cn-°m≥ Ab-®p. ]t£ IpSn -bm -∑m¿ DSaAb® `rXy-∑msc ASn-®p-sIm-√p-Ibpw a‰-bmsf ASn-°p-IbpwsNbvXp. Ah-km\w DSa Xs‚aIs\ Ab-®p. Abm-sfbpw IpSn-bm-∑m¿ sIm∂p-I-f-™p. CØ-c-sam-c-h-ÿ-bn¬ tXm´-Øns‚ DSaB IpSn-bm-∑m-tcmSp Fß-s\-bm-bn-cn°pw s]cp-am-dp-I F∂v tbiptNmZn-°p∂p? At∏mƒ injy-∑m¿ ]d™ DØcw "Abmƒ(tXm-´-ap-S-a) B \nIr-jvSsc \nIr-jvS-amw-hn[w h[n-°pw. bYm-Imewhnf \¬Ip∂ IpSn-bm-∑m¿°vGev]n®p sImSp-°pw.'

X≈n-°-f™ aqe-°√v]n∂oSv tbip as‰mcp D]a

]d-bp-∂p. "\nßƒ CXv hnip≤enJn-X-Øn¬ hmbn-®n-ń-t√. ]Wn-°m¿ X≈n-°-f™ I√p Xs∂aqe-°-√m-bn-Xo¿∂-Xv. CXv ssZh-Øns‚ {]h¿Øn-bm-Wv, \ΩpsSZrjvSn -bn¬ hnkva-b-I-chpw''AXn-\m¬ Rm≥ \nß-tfmSv ]d-bp-∂p. ssZh-cmPyw \nß-fn¬\n∂v FSpØv êw ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-°p∂ P\-Xbv°p \¬Ipw' (a-Ømbn 21: 42-˛44)

Cu sIm®p-IY tbip-hns\{Iqin-°m≥ {ian® blp-Zn-I-fpsShn[n -sb-]‰n kqNn -∏n -°p -∂p.Ah¿ H∂n\p ]ndsI H∂mbn{]hm-N-I-∑msc \ntj-[n-®p. Ah-km\w Ah-cpsS A{Iaw ]p{X≥F∂v hnti-jn-∏n-°-s∏´ tbip-hns‚ t\sc Xncn-™p. AXm-bXvtbip hnh-cn-®Xv ssZh-Øns‚t{Im[w B blq-Z-P-\-X-bn-te°vXnf-®p-s]mßn F∂m-Wv. Ahs‚ssZh-cm -Pyhpw {]hm -N -I -Xz -Øns‚ A\p-{K-lhpw Ah-cn¬\n∂v FSp-Øp-am‰n as‰mcp P\-X°v \¬Ip -Ibpw sNbvXp.GXmWv Cu P\X? Xn∑ -{]-h¿Øn® blq-Z-cn¬ \n∂pw BA\p-{Klw FSpØv am‰n \¬Inbas‰mcp P\-X-tb-XmWv?

ChnsS ]d™ P\X F{_-lm-ans‚ aI-\mb Ckvam-tb-ens‚]n¥p-S¿®-°m-cmb P\-X-b-√msXa‰m-cp-a-√. At±lw hoń¬ \n∂pw]pdØv t]mb Bfm-bn -cp -∂p.AXm-bXv ]Wn-°m¿ \p≈n-°-f™ aqe-°√v Bbn -cp -∂p.ssZhw Ckvam-Cu-en-s\-°p-dn®v ]d-bp∂p: "Rm≥ Ahs\ henbHcp P\-X-bm°pw' A\-¥cwssZhw Ah-fpsS IÆv Xpd-∂p.Ahƒ Hcp \ocp -dh I≠pAhƒ sN∂p Xpc -Øn -bn¬sh≈w \nd®v ]p{X\p IpSn-°m≥sImSp-Øp. (21:18, 19). ho≠pwAhs‚ ]nXmhv A{_m-lm-an-t\mSv: "\o Fs‚ hm°v A\p-k-cn-®-Xn-\m¬ \ns‚ k¥-Xn-I-fn-eqsS `qan-bnse F√m P\-X-Ifpw A\p-{K-ln-°-s∏Spw (aØm 22:18, At∏m{]h. 3:25, Kem-Xn-b¿ 3:8˛9).

ssZh-Øns‚ cmPyw Hcp P\-X-bn¬ \n∂pw as‰mcp P\-X-bn-te-°v am‰n-b-Xn-s\-]‰n ss__nƒDev]-Øn-bn¬ hy‡-amb as‰mcpsXfnhv ]d-bp∂p: "Ah¿ ]d-™-sX√mw icn Xs∂. \ns∂-t]mse(tam -k-kv) Hcp {]hm-N -Is\AhcpsS ktlm-Z-c-∑m-cn¬ \n∂pw

ssZh-Øns‚ cmPyw Hcp P\-X-bn¬ \n∂pw as‰mcp P\-

X-bn-te-°v am‰n-b-Xn-s\-]‰n ss__nƒ Dev]-Øn-bn¬

hy‡-amb as‰mcp sXfnhv ]d-bp∂p: "Ah¿ ]d-™-

sX√mw icn Xs∂. \ns∂-t]mse (tam-k-kv) Hcp {]hm-

N-Is\ AhcpsS ktlm-Z-c-∑m-cn¬ \n∂pw Ah¿°mbn

Rm≥ Db¿Øpw. Rm≥ Fs‚ hN-\-ßƒ Abm-fpsS

\mhn¬ \nth-in-∏n-°pw. Rm≥ Iev]n°p-∂-sX√mw

Abmƒ Ah-tcmSv kwkm-cn-°pw. Abmƒ Fs‚ \ma-

Øn¬ D®-cn-°p∂p. Fs‚ hm°p-Iƒ sNhn sIm≈m-

Ø-h-t\mSv Rm≥ Xs∂ IW°v tNmZn-°pw. Fs‚ \ma-

Øn¬ kwkm-cn-°m≥ Rm≥ B⁄m-]n-®n- n-√mØ Hcp

hms°-¶nepw kw km-cn-°m≥ apXn-cp-I-tbm, a‰p tZh-

∑m-cpsS \ma-Øn¬ kwkm-cn-°p-Itbm sNbvXm¬ B

{]hm-N-I≥ acn°pw'' (Bh 18:18- 20)


Ah¿°mbn Rm≥ Db¿Øpw.Rm≥ Fs‚ hN-\-ßƒ Abm-fpsS \mhn¬ \nth-in-∏n-°pw.Rm≥ Iev]n°p-∂-sX√mw AbmƒAh-tcmSv kwkm-cn-°pw. AbmƒFs‚ \ma-Øn¬ D®-cn-°p∂p.Fs‚ hm°p-Iƒ sNhn sIm≈m-Ø-h-t\mSv Rm≥ Xs∂ IW°vtNmZn -°pw. Fs‚ \ma-Øn¬kwkm-cn-°m≥ Rm≥ B⁄m-]n-®n-ń-√mØ Hcp hms°-¶nepw kwkm-cn-°m≥ apXn-cp-I-tbm, a‰ptZh-∑m-cpsS \ma-Øn¬ kwkm-cn-°p-Itbm sNbvXm¬ B {]hm-N-I≥ acn°pw'' (Bh 18:18-˛20)

-Cu ss__nƒ {]h-N -\ -sa√mw apl-ΩZv \_n(-k)-bpsShc-hn-\m¬ ]q¿Øn-bm-bn. tbip-hn\v Bdv \q‰m-≠p-Iƒ°v tij-amWv At±lw Atd-_ybn¬ {]Xy-£-s∏-´-Xv. At±lw tamk-kn\vkZr -i -\m -bn -cp -∂p. At±lw]pXnb \ymb-{]-amWw sIm≠p-h-∂p. Ckvam-bnen ]mc-º-cy-Øn¬h∂-bm-fm-bn-cp-∂p. A{_-lm-ans‚_oP-Øn¬ \n∂p-≈-h-\m-bn-cp-∂p.C{k-tb¬ a°-fpsS ktlm-Z-c-\p-am-bn-cp-∂p.At±lw Hcn-°epwkzbw kwkm-cn-®n-√. ssZh-Øns‚shfn -]m -S -\p -k -cn -®m -bn -cp∂pkwkm-cn-®-Xv. B ip≤shfn-]m-Sp-Iƒ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Ønb {KŸ-amWvhnip≤ Jp¿-B≥.

ssZhw Cu hN-\ -Øn¬"Fs‚ \ma-Øn¬ kwkm-cn-°p-∂-h≥' F∂mWv ]d-™n-´p-≈-Xv.apl-ΩZv \_n(-k)°v Ah-X-cn®hnip≤ Jp¿ -B-\nse HmtcmA≤ym-bhpw "]c-a-Im-cp-Wn-I\pwIcp-Wm-\n-[n -bp-amb A√m-lp-hns‚ \ma-Øn¬ Bcw-`n-°p∂p'F∂ hN-\-tØm-sS-bmWv Bcw-`n-°p-∂-Xv. Cu {]h-N\w apl-ΩZv\_n( -k)bn¬ A£-cw - {]Xn]q¿Øn-bm-hp-∂p.

A{_lm-an-t\mSv "\ns‚ k¥-Xn-I-fm¬ F√m P\-Xbpw A\p-{K-ln-°-s∏Spw' F∂ {]h-N-\hpwapl-ΩZv \_n(-k)-bn-emWv ]q¿Øn-

bm-b-Xv. tbip t]mepw C{km-tb-ense ImWm-sX-t]mb Bń≥tKm{X-ßsf Hcpan®p-Iq-´m-\mWvh∂Xv F∂v ]d-bp-∂p. A{]-Imcw"A{_-lm-ans‚ _oP-Øn¬ \n∂p-≈-h≥' F∂ hnti-jWw tbip-hn\v tbmPn-°n-√. ImcWw tbip]nXm-hn-√m-sX-bmWv P\n-®-Xv.

tbip-hns‚ {]h-N\w

AXv IqSmsX hm -K vZm\wsNø-s∏´ {]hm-N-I≥ Xm\√F∂v tbip Xs‚ A\p-bm-bn-I-tfmSv ]d-bp-∂p. "C\nbpw ]eImcy-ßƒ F\n°v \nß-tfmSv ]d-bm -\p -≠v . ' F∂m¬ Ct∏mƒ\nßƒ°v AXv Xmßm≥ km[y-a -√. kXym -flmhv hcp -tºmƒAh≥ \nßsf F√m kXy-Øn-te°pw \bn-°pw. kz¥w A[n-Im-c-Øn¬ H∂pw Ah≥ ]d-bp-I -bn -√. F∂m¬ Xm≥tIƒ°p∂sX¥pw Ah≥ ]d-bpw. hcm-\n-cn-°p∂ Imcy-ßƒAh≥ \nß-tfmSv {]Jym-]n-°pw.'

ChnsS alm-\mb Hcp {]hm-N-I≥ "kXym-flmhv' Xo¿®-bmbpwhcm\ps≠∂v tbip {]h-Nn-°p-∂p. At∏mkvX {]h¿Øn-IƒCu {]h-N\w ho≠pw kXy-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. "\nßƒ °mbn \ntbm-Kn-°-s∏´ {InkvXp-hn-s\, tbip-hn-s\, Ah≥ Ab-°p -IbpwsNøpw. BZn-Imew apX¬ Xs‚hnip≤ {]hm-N-I-cpsS A[c-ß-fn-eqsS ssZhw Acpƒ sNbvX-h-sb√mw kwÿ-m -]n -X -am -Ip∂kabw hsc kz¿§w Ahs\kzoI-cn -t°-≠-Xp -≠v. tamsi]d™p: "I¿Øm-hmb ssZhwFs∂ Db¿Øn-bXv t]mse\nßƒ°v th≠n Hcp {]hm-N-Is\ \nß-fpsS ktlm-Z-c-\n¬\n∂pw Db¿Øpw. Ah≥ \nß-tfmSv ]d-bp-∂-sX-√mw \nßƒsNhn-s°m-≈-Ww. B {]hm-N-Is\ {ihn-°mØ GsXm-cmfpwP\-Øn¬ \n∂v D∑q-e\w sNø-s∏-Spw. (A-t∏m. {]h. 3:20:23).

Cu hN-\-ß-fn¬ ]d-bp-∂Xv

Ah-km-\-Im-eØv tbiphns\ho≠pw ssZhw Ab-°p-sa-∂m-Wv.]t£ CXv kw`-hn -°p-∂-Xn\vapºm-bn tamk-kn-\m¬ {]h-N\wsNø-s∏´ {]hm-N-I≥ htc-≠-Xp-≠v. Aß-s\-bmWv ssZh-km-{amPyw `qan-bn¬ ÿm]n-°-s∏-Sp-I. A{]-Imcw Xs∂ kw`-hn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.

tbip X\n°v tijw hcp∂{]hm-N-Is\ ]‰n hy‡-ambn{]h-Nn -°p -Ibpw BIm-iØv\n∂p≈ A∏w e`n-°m≥ D≈{]m¿∞\ ]Tn∏n°p --IbpwsNbvXp. "Ah¿°v IÆp≠v]t£ ImWn√' {]hm-N-I-cpsSkXyw ImWm≥ Iq´m -°mØZpjvSm-flm-°sf kw_-‘n-®mWvCu hN\w ]d-bp-∂-Xv.

I≈-{]-hm-N-I-∑m-sc-°p-dn-®p≈ Xm°oXv

tbip I≈-{]-hm-N-Isc ]‰nXm°oXv \¬In-bn -´p≠v AXn-\¿∞w m-hn-bn¬ hcp-∂-h-sc√mwI≈ {]hm-N-I-cmWv F∂√. hcm-\n-cn-°p∂ {]-hm-N-I≥am¿°n-S-bn¬ I≈ {]hmN-I-cp-≠mIpwAXvsIm≠v \nßƒ kXy {]hm-N-Isc Xncn-®-dn-bm-\p≈ ap∂-dn-bn-∏mWv tbip \¬In-bXv. "hymP{]hm-N-Isc kq£n®psIm≈qAh¿ BSns‚ thj-Øn¬\nßsf kao]n°pw A{]-ImcwAh-s\bpw \nßƒ°v êwsIm≠p Xncn-®-dnbmw (aØm 7 :15,20)

C\n Hcp {]hm-N-I\pw h-cm-\n-s√-¶n¬ hymP {]hm-N-I-s\-Ip-dn®v ap∂-dn∏v \¬tI≠ bmsXmcm-h-iy-hp-an√. C\n Hcp {]hm-N-I\pw hcm-\n√ F∂v ]d-™m¬am{Xw aXn-bm-bn-cp∂p. AXn\v]Icw At±lw ]-d-™Xv "hymP{]hm-N-Isc kq£n-®p-sIm≈qAh¿ BSns‚ thj-Øn¬hcpw' F∂m¬ Ah¿ AIØvZpc \nd™ sN∂m-bv°fmWv.ê-ßƒsIm≠v Ahsc\nßƒ°v Xn-cn-®-dnbmw apƒsN-Sn-


bn¬ \n∂p ap¥n-cn-∏-gtam sRcn-™n-en¬ \n∂v A-Øn-∏-gtamtiJ-cn-°m-dpt≠m? AtX \√hr£-Øn¬ \√ ê-ap-≠mIpw.NoØ hr£ß-fn¬ NoØêhp-ap-≠mIpw. \√ hr£wNoØ-^-ehpw NoØ hr£w \√êhpw Imbv°mdn√. \√ êwImbv°mØ hr£-sa√mw shń-Xo -bn -en -Spw. A{]-Imcw A-h-scbpw \nßƒ°v êw sIm≠vXncn-®-dnbmw (aØm : 15 ˛ 20)Cusbmcp am --\ -Zfiw sh®vsIm≠v apl-ΩZv \_n-(k)bpsSkXyX ]cn-tim-[n°mw. At±-lsØ a-°-bn¬ \n∂v ]pd-Øm-°n-b-Xn-\m¬ ]ns∂ GXm\pwh¿j-ßƒ°v tijw ]Xn-\m-bncwA\p-bm-bn-I-fp-ambn a°-bn¬Xncn-s®Øn. ]mdm≥ Xmgv hc-bn-eq-sS-bmWv At±lw h∂Xv. CXvtamk-kns‚ as‰mcp {]h-N-\-Øns‚ ]q¿Øn -I -c -W-amWv.(I¿Ømhpw ko\mbn¬ h∂p.tkbn-dn¬ sh®v \ΩpsS ta¬DZn®p. ]mdm≥ ]¿Δ-X-Øn¬Ah≥ {]Im-in®p. (B-h¿Ø\w:33 :2)

hn-ip-≤-{]-hm-N-I≥ ap-l-ΩZv\_n(k) {]IrXn km[m-c-Wamwhn[w Znhw-K-X-\mbn. A-Xn\vtijw A-t±-l-Øns‚ ktμiwtemIw apgp-h≥ A\p-bm-bn-Iƒ{]N-cn -∏n -®p . AXm -bn -cp∂p]Sn™mdv tZ-iØv Xn-f-ßnb apl-Ω-Zn(-k)s‚ shfn®w. B shfn®-amWv bqtdm-∏ns\ Ccp≠ Ime-L-´-Øn¬ \n∂v shfn-®-Øn-te°vsIm≠p-h-∂Xv. Cu ImeØpwaplΩZv\_n (k)bpsS A\p-bm-bn -Iƒ A-\p -Z n\w h¿≤n®psImt≠-bn-cn-°p∂p. temI-ØnseF√m tImWp-I-fnepw hym-]n-°p∂p. hymP {]hm-NI∑mscssZhw \-in-∏n-°p-sa∂v {]h-N-\--ap-s≠-¶n¬ ap-l-ΩZv\_n(-k)°vF¥vsIm≠v C{X -h-enb hnP-b-ap-≠mbn?

{InkvXob ktlm-Z-c-ßƒapl-ΩZv \_n(k)sb Xncn-®-

dn-bpI

tamk-kn\p kZr -i -\mbnh∂ aplΩZv \_n(k)sbAwKoI-cn-°m≥ Rßƒ R-ß-fpsS {]n-b-s∏´ {InkvXob ktlm-Z-c-∑msc £Wn-°p-I-bmWv. At±-l-amWv a\p-jy-hw-i-Øn\v BI-am\w hmKvZm\w sNø-s∏´ {]hm-N-I≥: At±-lsØ "kam-[m-\-Øns‚ cmP-Ip-am-c≥' "\n-Xy\mb]nXm-hv, Bizmk {]Z≥, kXy-Øns‚ Bflmhv, {]hm-N-I-∑m-cpsS ap{Z F∂n A`n[m\-ß-fn¬hnh-cn-°-s∏-ń-´p≠v.

hn-ip-≤-Jp¿B\n¬ hniz-kn-°¬ {InkvXym-\n-I-fpsS aX-]-c-amb [¿Ω-am-Wv. apl-ΩZn\v (k)ssZh-Øn¬ \n∂v shfn-s∏´ Cuhn-ip-≤-{KŸw F√m Xncp-sh-gp-Øp-I-fnepw {]h-Nn-°-s∏´ kXy-ß-fpsS kwt£-]-amWv. F√meuIn -Ihpw Bflo-b -hp -amb{]iv\-ßƒ°pw CXn¬ ]q¿W-amb ]cn-lm-c-ap≠v AXn¬ imiz-X-im-¥n-°p≈ hgnIfp≠v. DØc-an-√mØ {]iv\-ßƒ°v AXn¬]cn-lm-c-ap≠v. CXn-s\-√m-‰n-\p-ap-]-cn-bmbn efn-X-hpw Ffp-∏-hp-ambPnhn-Xkw-ln-X-bmbXp-sIm≠vCu aXw A\m-bmkw BN-cn°mw.\nß-fpsS Pohn-X-Ønse F√m{]Xn_-‘-ß-fpw ssZ-h-k-lm-b-Øm¬ ]cn -l-cn -°-s∏Spw.bmsXmcphn[ a\:imkv{X Nn-In-’-sIm≠pw km¥z\w sIm≠pw]p\x-cpPo-hn-∏n-°m≥ Ign-bmsXacn -®p -t]mb Bflmhns\]p\cpPo--hn-∏n-°m≥ Cu kz¿§obk-XyØn\v km[y-amWv.

CXn\v th≠n-bmWv \n-ßƒ{]m¿-∞n-t°-≠Xv. Xo¿®-bmbpw\nß-fpsS {]m¿∞-\-Iƒ°vDØcw \¬I-s∏Spw. hcnI ssZh-Øn\v th≠n \n-ßƒ kzbw k-a¿∏n-X-cm--hpI. hmKvZm\w sNø-s∏´ B ]p -Wym -flmhv BK-X\mbncn--°p∂p. At±-l-Øn¬ hn-

iz-kn-®p-sIm≠v ssZh-cm-Py-Øn¬AWn-tN-cpI.

as‰mcp Znhy-]p-cp-js‚ K-a\wIqSn tbip {]h-Nn-®n-´p≠v.apl-ΩZv \-_n(-k)-bpsS Xs∂c≠mw hchv. F√m ASbm-f-ß-fpsS ]q¿ØoI-c -W-Øns‚\ndhn¬ ap-l-Ω-Zv\_n (k)bpsSAh-X-c-W-Øn\v tij-amWv AXvkw-` -hn -°pI. ap -l-ΩZv \_n(k)sb hniz-kn-°msX At±-l-Øns‚ c≠mw h-c-hn¬ A-h-X-cn-°p-∂ alm-flm-hns\ \nßƒ°vXncn-®-dn-bm≥ km-[y-a√. {]h-N-\-ßfpsS `mjbpw {]Xo-I-ß-fpsSA¿∞hpw \mw a\-kn-em-t°-≠-Xp≠v. tbip c≠m-aXpw \nß-fpsS I¨ ap∂n¬ h-∂-W-bp-Ibpw Xntcm-`-hn-°p-Ibpw sNbv-Xn-cn--°p∂p. "cm{Xn h∂ I≈-s\-t∏mse! A-t±lw Ccp -]XmwB≠n¬ BK-X-\mbn. IjvSw\nßƒ°v A-t±-lsØ Xncn-®-dn-bm-\m-bn√.

C¥y-bn¬ lZvd-Øv an¿km-Kpemw Al-vaZv Jm-Zn-bm\n (A)tbip -hns‚ kmay -X -bnepwkmZriyØnepw BK-X-\mbn.tbiphns‚ c≠mw hchns\kw_-‘n® kIe {]h-N-\--ßfpwAt± -l-Øn¬ ]q¿Øn -bmbn.At±lw kIe a-\p -jy¿°pwXs‚ bP-am-\-\mb apl-ΩZv \_n(k)bpsS ktμiw \evIn. Hcn-°¬ IqSn ssZ-h-Øns‚ apJwImWp-am-dm-IpIbpw, ssZh-Øns‚i_vZw tIƒ°p-am-dmIp-IbpwsNbvXp. \nßƒ A-Xy -[nIw{]Xym-i-tbmsSbpw ssh-Im-cn-Im--th-itØmSpw {]m¿∞n®p sIm≠n--cn -°p∂ A∏w Hcn°¬ IqSn\nßƒ°v hmKvZm\w sNø-s∏ńcn--°p∂p. \nßƒ kt¥m-jn-°pI.\nß-fpsS {]m¿∞-\-Iƒ \nßƒAdnt™m Adn-bm-sXtbm k^-e-amb Cu aplq¿Øw Xn-cn-®-dn-bpI ˛ CXm ssZh-cmPyw kam-KX-ambn. \nßƒ°pw \nß-fpsSA∏Øns‚ ]¶v]‰mw.


1664 se ioXImeØvBImiØv {]Xy£s∏´ [qatIXp sFk°v \yq´≥ F∂C c p ] Ø n c ≠ p I m c \ m bbphmhn¬ DW¿Ønb AXv`pXwsNdpXmbncp∂n√. BImitØbpw BImitKmfßsfbpwIpdn®p≈ BImw£ `£WtØ°fpw Dd°sØ°mfpsa√mwAh\v hepXmbncp∂p. Cw•≠nse hqƒkv kvt{Sm∏nse Hcp{KmaØn¬ hf¿∂ \yq´s\b{¥ßfpw AhbpsS {]h¿Ø\ßfpsa√mw hfscb[nIwkzm[o\n®p. Ifn®p \St°≠{]mbØn¬ kqcyPeLSnImcßfpw Im‰mSnb{¥ßfpsa√mw\n¿Ωn°p∂Xn\mbncp∂p sFk°v \yq´\v Xm¬]cyw. BImitKmfßfpsSbpw \£{XßfpsSbpsa√mw k©mc]Yw \nivNbn°m\mbncp∂p Xs‚ IqSpX¬kabhpw \yq´≥ hn\ntbmKn®ncp∂Xv. Xs‚ \nco£Wßsfho´p ap‰Øv \n¿Ωn® Hcp

LSnImcØn¬ At±lw ASbmfs∏SpØpIbpw HSphn¬ Ime\n¿ÆbØn\v Hcp {Kmawapgph≥ AXns\ B{ibn°pIbpw sNbvXp. AXn\v sFk°vUb¬ F∂v t]cv hcnIbpwsNbvXp.

imkv{XtØmSv ASpØv\n¬°p∂hsc√mw ssZhhnizmksØ ]cnlkn®ncp∂ BImeL´Øn¬ \yq´≥ GIssZhhnizmkw ]pe¿Ønt∏m∂ncp∂p

F∂Xv AXnibIcamWv.Akm[mcW\mb Hcp KWnX⁄≥ F∂ \ne°pw imkv{X⁄≥ F∂ \ne°pw {kjvSmhns\ At\zjn®p sIm≠ncp∂\yq´≥ ssZhsØ Ahs‚{]h¿Ø\ØneqsSbpw {]]©sØ Nqgv∂v \n¬°p∂ GIXm\Xbnepw Htcsbmcp iIvXnbpsSAkvXnXzw t\m°n°mWpIbpwF√mw AXn¬ D≈SßnbXmbna\ nem°pIbpw sNbvXp.PohnXØnepS\ofw At±lwss__nƒ ]Tn°pIbpw AXneSßnb XXzßsf]‰n FgpXpIbpwsNbvXp. F∂m¬ ]ckyambnssZhØns‚ GIXzsØ]n¥pW°m\pw {XnXzsØX≈n°fbm\pap≈ DØat_m≤yw At±lØn∂v h∂n´n√mbncp∂p. {ItaW imkv{XØneqsSbp≈ Xs‚ ssZhØnep≈hnizmkw At±lw Xs‚BZy{KŸamb {]n≥kn∏nb(Principia) bnepw XpS¿s∂gpXnbHm]vSnIvknepw (Opticks) tcJs∏SpØn. Hcn°¬ BbØp¬Jp¿knbpsS hymJym\w \¬Ip

k¿ sFkIv \yq´≥

GIssZh hnizmknbmb

imkv{X{]Xn

tUm. ^k¬ amen°v

B[p\nI uXnI imkv{XØns‚ ]nXmhv F∂dnbs∏Sp∂ k¿

sFkIv \yq´≥ ka{Kamb {]IrXn \nbaßfn¬ ssZhsØ

Z¿in°pIbpw ssZhØns‚ GIXzØn¬ hnizkn°pIbpw

sNbvX alm\mb imkv{X {]Xn`bmWv. hnh: XmcoJv Ae\√q¿.

teJ\w


tºmƒ lZvdØv Jeo^Øp¬akolv dm_nlv (dlv) C{]Imcw]dbpIbp≠mbn. Nne imkv{X⁄∑m¿ ssZhØn¬ \n∂Iep∂p. F∂m¬ \yq´≥ ssZhnI{]Imiw At\zjn®p F∂vam{Xa√, AXv Is≠ØpIbpwsNbvXp. imkv{X⁄∑mschenbp≈mlv (A√mlphns‚kplrØv) F∂v hntijn∏n°m≥ km[n°pambncps∂¶n¬B ]Zhn°v \yq´≥ A¿lamtbs\ F∂v At±lw ]dbpIbp≠mbn.

Zmln°p∂ Hcph≥sh≈w At\zjn°p∂ XnSp°tØmsS \yq´≥ ss__nfnseHmtcm hmIyßfpw Cg Iodn]cntim[n°pIbpw AXns\sb√mw tNmZyw sNøpIbpw sNbvXp.{XnXz k¶¬∏sØ bpIvXnD]tbmKn®v At±lw At\zjn°pIbpw B XXzsØ ss[cy]q¿Δw Xnckv°cn°pIbpwsNbvXp. ssZhØn\pw a\pjy\panS°v a[ykvY\mbn a\pjy\mbn tbip am{Xtabp≈q F∂vAt±lw ASnbpd®v hnizkn®p.

henb BImw£tbmsSbmWv At±lw {]IrXntbbpwssZhtØbpw ]cntim[n°pIbpw ssZhØns‚ ZnhyiIvXnsbXncn®dnbpIbpw BXvamhns‚A\izcXsb tNmZyw sNøpIbpw sNbvXXv . Xs‚ Imw{_nUvPnse _ncpZ ]T\ ImeØvsFk°v \yq´≥ FgpXnbIpdn∏pIƒ At±lØns‚ acWtijw ‘Izm≠w ^ntem^knsbkw_‘n® Nne tNmZyßƒ’

(Question of quandom

Philosophiae) F∂ t]cn¬{]kn≤oIc n°pIbp≠mbn .At±lØn\v AXoh Xm¬]cyap≠mbncp∂ ssZhw, kabw,Ne\w, KpcpXzw t]msebp≈ ]ehnjbƒs°Xnscbp≈Xmbncp∂pCu {KŸw.

1660 IfpsS BZyØn¬At±lØn\v Ccp]Xv hb v{]mbap≈t∏mƒ Xs‚ a\ n¬cq]s]´ tNmZyßfmWv At±lØns‚ ]n∂oSp≈ F√m I≠p]nSpØßƒ°pw ASnØdbn´Xv.1687 emWv uXnI imkv{XØns‚]pXnb Hcp ImeL´Øn\vXpS°w Ipdn® \yq´s‚ apJyIrXn Z amØsa‰n°¬ {]n≥kn∏nƒ Hm^v \mNzd¬ ^ntemk^n(The Mathametical Principle of

Natural Philosophy) {]kn≤oIcn®Xv. XpS¿∂v h∂ c≠v Zim_vZßƒ \yq´≥ tKmfhyhkvYsbkw_‘n®pw KpcpXz_ew F√mhkvXp°fnepw Fßs\Xpeyambn {]h¿Øn°p∂pF∂pap≈ ]T\Ønepw apgpInbncp∂p. ]e kabØpw At±lØn\v Xs‚ {i≤ {]IminI( H m ] v S n I v k n ¬ ) Ø n t e ° vXncn°m\p≈ kμ¿`ßfp≠mhpIbpw AXv kw_‘n® {]`mjWßƒ \SØpI t]mepwsNbvXpsh¶nepw s]s´∂v Xs∂KpcpXz ]T\Ønte°v Xs∂aSßnsbØpIbmbncp∂p.

BZyw {]IrXnsb Is≠ØpI AXp hgn kXyØnte°vFØnt®cpIbpw sNøpI F∂XXzambncp∂p \yq´≥PohnXØnepS\ofw At\zjn®Xv.Cu ASnkvYm\ XØzw]d™psIm≠mWv At±lwXs‚ ‘{]n≥kn∏nb’ F∂ {KŸwBcw`n°p∂Xv. CXns\ XpS¿∂phcp∂ hnjbßƒ aq∂v`mKßfm°pIbpw Ahsb√mwHmtcm {KŸßfm°pIbpwsNbvXncn°p∂p. hkvXp°fpsSNe\sØ°pdn®v ]Tn°pIbpw]nfiw (Mass) _ew (Force)

B°w (Momentem) XpSßnbhsb hniZoIcn°pIbpwXs‚ aq∂v Ne\ \nbaßƒ{]kvXmhn°pIbpamWv BZyc≠v {KŸßfn¬. KpcpXzmI¿jW kn≤m¥Øn\v sXfnhpIƒ

\¬Im\pw AXns\ ka¿∞n°m\pamWv aq∂masØ {KŸwD]tbmKn®ncp∂Xv. sFk°v\yq´s‚ {]n≥kn∏nb F∂]pkvXIØn\v imkv{XobtemIØv henb kzoImcyXe`n®p. ]t£ P¿a≥ KWnXimkv{X⁄\mbncp∂ e_v\okvDƒs∏sS A°meØv Pohn®ncp∂ ]e KWnX imkv{X⁄∑mcpw \yq´t\mSv hntbmPn®ncp∂p. F∂ncp∂mepw {]n≥kn∏nbbn¬ ]dbs∏´ F√m ImcyßfpwKthjWßfpsa√mw X≈nIfbpI Akm≤yambncp∂p.AXvsIm≠v Xs∂ At±lØns‚Io¿Øn bqtdm∏n¬ apgph≥£Wt\cw sIm≠v hf¿∂p. HcpZim_vZw sIm≠v Xs∂{]n≥kn∏nbbpsS {]m[m\ysØ]‰n emsπkv F∂ {^©vKWnXimkv{X⁄≥ hnkvabtØmsS C{]Imcw FgpXn: Cu{]]©Ønse F√m IWØns‚kvYm\hpw thKXbpw KWn°pIbpw AXnt∑¬ {]tbmKn°s∏Sp∂ _ehpw IW°v Iq´n\n¿Æbn°pIbpw sNøpIbmsW¶n¬ \yq´s‚ \nbaßƒ{]tbmKn®v Cu {]]©Øns‚`qXhpw `mhnbpw Adnbm≥Ffp∏amWv.

sF≥kv‰o≥ ImeL´whsc `uXnI imkv{XØns‚ASnkvYm\ inebmbn \nesIm≠ncp∂Xv {]n≥kn∏nbmbncp∂psh∂v ]d™mepw AXvHcn°epw AXnitbmIvXnbmhn√.ImcWw apgp{]]©tØbpw°pdn® v a\ nem°m≥ AXvXs∂ [mcmfambncp∂p. XncameIfpsS Ne\hpw, tKmfßfpsSk©mc ]Yßfpapƒs∏sS F√m\yqt´mWnb≥ \nbaßƒ°v hnt[bambncp∂p.

ssZhØns‚ {]h¿Ø\ßƒ a\ nem°m≥ am{XamWv\yq´≥ {ian®sX∂v {]n≥kn∏nbF∂ {KŸw hniIe\w sNøp


tºmƒ \ap°v {Kln°mhp∂XmWv. {]n≥kn∏nb bpsS aq∂mwhmeyØns‚ BZy]Xn∏n¬Cßs\ ]dbp∂p. Htcm{KlßfpsSbpw km{μX°\pkcn®v Ah°v NqSv e`n°m≥th≠n ssZhw Hmtcm {Klßsfbpw kqcy\n¬ \n∂v ]eAIeØn¬ hn\ykn®ncn°p∂p.

XpS¿∂v hcp∂ ]Xn∏pIfn¬ \n∂v At±lw Cu `mKw\o°w sNbvXp AXn\v ]Icambn P\d¬ kvtImfnbw (Gen-

eral Scholium- hniZoIcWteJ\w) F∂ t]cn¬ Hcp]pXnb `mKw tN¿ØmWvD]kwlcn®n´p≈Xv. {]n≥kn∏nbbnepS\ofw F√m ]co£W\nco£Wßfpw D]kwlcn°p∂Xv Cu kvtImfnbw {]Xn]mZn®psIm≠mWv. Xs‚ aX]chpwimkv{Xobhpamb \ne]mSpIƒs°√mw Hcp hniZoIcWw\¬IpIbpw AXv kw_‘n®vHcp A¥¿ZrjvSn temIØn\v\¬IWsa∂v At±lØn\vBhiyambn tXm∂nbXv sIm≠mWv Aßs\ FgpXnbXv. {]IrXnssZhØns‚ krjvSnbmsW∂pwAXv ssZhsØ {]Xnên∏n°p∂ IÆmSnbmsW∂pw{]IrXnsb a\ nem°p∂XneqsS \ap°v ssZhØns‚ {]IrXnsb¥msW∂v a\ nemhpsa∂pw \yq´≥ hnizkn®ncp∂p.

kucbqYØns‚ AXv`pXw N¿®sNøptºmƒ At±lwGIssZhØns‚ alXzw N¿®sNøp∂p. A√mlphns‚ krjvSn{IaØn¬ Hcp {Iat°Spw \n\°vImWm≥ km≤ya√. (6:4) F∂Jp¿B\nI hN\\Øns‚bYm¿∞ {]Xnê\amWvP\d¬ kvtImfnbw.

sFk°v \yq´≥ C{]Imcw FgpXp∂p: ‘kqcy\pw{Klßfpw [qatIXp°fpaSßn

b Cu at\mlc kwhn[m\Øn\v AXniIvX\pw hnthInbpambHcphs‚ Iogn¬ am{Xta\ne\n¬∏p≈q. AXvt]mseXs∂ a‰p ]e \£{XßfpwCØcw At\Iw kwhn[m\ßfpsS tI{μamsW∂ncns°Ahsb F√mw \nb{¥n°p∂h≥ GI\mbncn°Ww F∂XmWv bpIvXn. Cu tI{μØn¬\nesIm≈p∂ \£{Xßfn¬\n∂p≈ {]Imi hnIncWhpwkqcy\n¬ \n∂p≈ {]Imi{]kcWhpw Hcp t]msebmhpIbpw B {]Imisa√mw Hcpkwhn[m\Øn¬ \n∂v as‰mcpkwhn[m\Ønte°v Hcp t]msek©cn°pIbpw sNøp∂p.tKmfßsfsb√mw Hcp \nivNnXAfhn¬ kvYm]n°pIbpwAhbv°nSbnse√mw KpcpXz_ew\ne\n¬°pIbpw sNøp∂p.({]]©Ønse F√mbnSØpwGI \nbaambncns° B \nbaßƒ krjvSn®h\pw GI\mbncn°Wsa∂v Xm¬]cyw)

P\d¬ kvtImfnbØns‚aq∂mw JfiØn¬ ssZhØns‚KpWKWßsf At±lwC{]Imcw hnhcn°p∂p.:

‘Ahs‚ \n¿hymPambB[n]XyØn¬ \n∂v \ap°vhyIvXamhp∂Xv bYm¿∞ssZhw Pohn®ncn°p∂h\pwhnthInbpw AXniIvX\pwkºq¿Æ\pw k¿Δ⁄\pamsW∂mWv. AXmbXv Ah≥A\izcXbn¬ \n∂v A\izcXbnte°pw A\¥Xbn¬ \n∂vA\¥Xbnte°pw hym]n®pInS°p∂p. Ah\mWv F√mw \nb{¥n°p∂h\pw F√m Adnbp∂h\pw.

ssZhsØ Ipdn®p≈ CuN¿® {]n≥kn∏nb amØa‰n°bnse P\d¬ kvtImfnbØn¬At±lw Ahkm\n∏n®nń√.{ZhyØns‚ krjvSnbn¬ ssZh

Øns‚ ]¶ns\ ]‰n At±lØns‚ c≠masØ {KŸambHm]v‰nIvkn¬ At±lw N¿®sNøp∂p. At±lØns‚ acWtijw Hm]v‰nIvknse At±lØns‚ ]e Ipdn∏pIfpw Is≠Ønbncp∂p. AXn¬ ]d™ncn°p∂\mev kn≤m¥ßfpw {]IminIØns‚ BapJambn´mWvimkv{X temIw IW°m°p∂Xv.1704 ¬ AXv {]kn≤oIcn°pIbp≠mbn. AXnse BZy kn≤m¥w Xs∂ ssZhsØ kw_‘n°p∂Xmbncp∂p. ‘ssZhØns‚AkvXnXzw AYhm A\¥hpwA\izcXbpw k¿Δ⁄\pwk¿ΔiIvX\pamb Hcp BXvaobkØ ’ F∂ Hcp JfinI \ndbp∂ ( The being of a God or

Spirit Infinite, Eternal, Omni-

scient, Omnipotent) XehmNIØn¬ AXv Bcw`n°p∂p.

\ΩpsS Cu teJ\Øn¬N¿®sNøs∏Sp∂ Cu aq∂v{KŸßƒ am{Xw ]cntim[n°ptºmƒ Xs∂ \ap°v At±lØns‚ AN©eamb ssZhhnizmksØ km£ys∏SpØm≥km[n°pw. ImcWw Ah At±lØns‚ PohnXØns‚ aq∂vImeL´ßfn¬ FgpXs∏´hbmWv. 1660 se Nne XXzimkv{X]camb tNmZyßƒ (Certain

Philosophical Questions)F∂{KŸw At±lØns‚ hnZym`ymkImeØv AXmbXv At±lØns‚ PohnXØns‚ BZyL´Øn¬ \yq´≥ FgpXnbXmWv.At±lw Xs‚ PohnXØns‚a[yImeL´Øn¬ AXmbXv 1684¬ FgpXnb {KŸamWv {]n≥kn∏nb amØa‰n°. (Principia

Mathematica) PohnXØns‚GItZiw Ahkm\ ImeØmWv(1740) Hm]v‰nIvkv F∂ {KŸwFgpXs∏Sp∂Xv. Imew Ignbpt¥mdpw At±lØns‚ hnizmkwh¿≤n®p h∂ncp∂p F∂v ]eImeL´ßfn¬ cNn°s∏´


At±lØns‚ {KŸßƒ Xs∂km£ys∏SpØp∂p.

apIfn¬ \SØnb N¿®bn¬ \n∂v DcpØncn™p hcp∂Hcp tNmZyanXmWv. F¥psIm≠vssZhsØ Ipdn®p≈ At±lØns‚ cN\Iƒ At±lw Xs‚PohnX ImeØv Xs∂ {]kn≤s∏SpØnbn√? \yq´s‚ ssZhsØ kw_‘n®p≈ AdnhpwhnizmksØ kw_‘n®pap≈[mcWIfpw At±lØn\vN p‰ pa p≈hcpsSX ns\°mƒAKm[hpw AXnKl\hpambncp∂p. Im‚¿_dn B¿®v _nj∏mbncp∂ tUm. tXmakv sS∂nk≥(1636˛1715) \yq´t\mSv ]d™XvssZhsØ ]‰n Rßsfsb√mhsc°mfpw Xm¶ƒ°v Adnbmsa∂mWv.

F¥psIm≠v \yq´s‚PohnXImeL´Øn¬ CsXm∂pw]d™n√ F∂ {]iv\Øn\v BImeL´Ønse aXcmjv{SobkvYnXn KXnIƒ ]cntim[n®m¬\ap°v Cu tNmZyØn∂p≈DØcw e`n°pw. ss__nfns\{]tXyIn®p {XnXzkn≤m¥sØtNmZyw sNøp∂Xv sImSpw]m]ambn A∂v IW°m°s∏ńcp∂p. AXn\v acW in£hsc \¬Is∏ńcp∂p. hfscb[nIw H‰s∏´v Pohn®ncp∂ Hcpa\pjy\mbncp∂p \yq´≥.AXvsIm≠v Xs∂ Xs‚ aX]chpw ssZhnIhpamb hnizmkw ]ckys∏SpØp∂Xn¬ \n∂vAt±lw hnapJ\mbncp∂p.AXvhgn Xs‚ imkv{Xobkn≤m¥ßfpw ]mfinXyhpwtNmZyw sNøs∏Sptamsb∂vt]mepw At±lw b∂ncp∂p. CXva\ nem°m≥ \ap°v \yq´s‚hyIvXnXzw Xncn®dntb≠Xvhfsc AXymhiyamWv.

B∏nfns‚ ]X\sØIpdn® v ]dbmsX \yq´s\Ipdn®p≈ N¿® Ahkm\n∏n°m≥ km[n°n√. Xs‚ Xebn¬

B∏nƒ hoWt∏mgmWv At±lwKpcpXz _esØ Ipdn®v Nn¥n®vXpSßnbXv F∂Xv shdpwsI´pIY am{XamWv. B∏nƒacØns‚ Nphń¬ Ccn°ptºmƒ\yq´s‚ sXm´∏pdØv hoWB∏nƒ BWv At±lØn¬IuXpIw P\n∏n®Xv F∂vAt±lØns‚ kplrØmbhneyw kv‰°nen km£ys∏SpØp∂p. Cu km£ysØt]mepw Nne¿ AwKoIcn°p∂n√.lZvdØv Jeo^Øp¬ akolvkm\n (d) ]d™Xv C{]ImcamWv.

B∏nfns‚ ]X\w At±lsØ AXv`pXs∏SpØn°mWpw.F¥v sIm≠v AXv t\sc Xmtgm´vhogpIbpw Hcp tImWn¬k©n°pIbpw sNøp∂n√ F∂vAt±lw Nn¥n®p.

Cßs\ Akm[mcWamb]e t\´ßfpw PohnXØn¬t\SnsbSp°m≥ Fßs\ At±lØn\v km[n®p? bpIvXnhmZnIƒsImSnIpØnhmgp∂ C°meØvAt±lØns‚ ⁄m\Øns‚ASnØń¬ \n∂v ]pds∏émfnXyØns‚ hm°pIƒAXv`pXmhlambntØm∂mw.At±lw C{]Imcw ]d™ncp∂p.

temIw Fs∂ Fßs\t\m°n°mWp∂psh∂v F\n°dnbn√. Is≠Øs∏SmØ AdnhpIfpsSbpw kXyßfpsSbpwkap{Zw Fs‚ ap∂n¬ ]c∂pInS°p∂p. B kap{ZØns‚aSnØń¬ \n∂v at\mlcambHcp I√v As√¶n¬ N¥ap≈HcpI° s]dp°nsbSpØvIfn°p∂ Hcp Ipń am{XamWvRm≥.

iXm_vZßtfmfw IhnIsfbpw XXzNn¥Iscbpwimkv{X⁄∑mscbpw kzm[o\n®hn\bw \nd™ Cu hm°pIƒDXv`hn®Xv temIØnse Xs∂

G‰hpw ka¿∞\mb akvXnjv°Øns‚ DSabn¬ \n∂mWv.imkv{XsØ At±lw F{XtØmfw a\ nem°ntbm A{XXs∂At±lw k¿Δ hym]nbmbssZhsØ Ipdn®pw t_m[hm\mbncp∂p. lZvdØv Jeo^Øp¬akolv \mema≥ (dlv) C{]ImcwFgpXn

ssZhw \yq´\ v kzbw{]ISamhpIbpw ‘A√mlpCNvOn°p∂Xv am{Xta a\pjy\vAdnbp∂p≈q’ F∂ Jp¿B\nIhmIyw At±lw Xs‚ PohnXØnepS\ofw Dds° {]Jym]n°pIbpw sNbvXp.

ssZhsØ At\zjn®p\S∂ Hcp km[mcW hnZym¿∞nbmbncp∂ k¿ sFk°v \yq´\vB At\zjWØns‚ ]mXbn¬sh®v Xs∂ Ne\ \nbaßfpwKpcpXz\nbaßfpsa√mw e`n°pIbpw At±lw AXv \ap°v]Tn∏n®p XcnIbpw sNbvXp.k¿h⁄\mb Xs‚ c£nXmhns‚ ]mXbn¬ \n∂v At±lwHcn°¬t]mepw sX∂namdnbnń√.Cu {]]©Øn¬ Xs‚ kvYm\wa\ nem°pIbpw Cu _rlZvhyhkvYbn¬ At±lØns‚Is≠ØepIsf√mw shdpwIpń°fn am{XamsW∂ ImcyØn¬ H´pw Xs∂ kwibw sh®v]pe¿ØmXncn°pIbpw sNbvXXmWv At±lØns‚ hnPbw.AXnibIcamb Imcysas¥∂m¬ At±lw \ap°v \¬Inb⁄m\ßƒ°v ]pdsa ]cnlcn°m≥ Hcp kaky IqSn \o´pIbp≠mbn. KpcpXzØn∂p≈ImcWsa¥mWv F∂XmWvBtNmZyw.

www.alislam.org


P\-h¿§-ß-fpsS k¶-e-\-Øn\pwka-\z-b-Øn\pw {ZpX-KXn ssIh--∂n´pw hwio-b-X-bpsS ò-jWnHcp h≥ hn]-Ømbn B[p-\nItemIØv \ne-\n¬°p-∂p. ln‰ve-dpsS Bcy≥ h¿§ kn≤m-¥hpwPqX-∑m -cpsS kb-Wn -khpwt_mkv\n -b≥ apkvenwIsfsIms∂m-Sp°n sk¿_p-Iƒ \S-Ønb FXv\nIv ¢≥knwßpwC¥y-bnse PmXo-b-Xbpw Ata-cn-°-bnepw bqtdm-∏nepw Z£n-Wm-{^n-°-bnepw Ct∏m-gpw \odn-∏p-Ibp∂ \ne-hn-ep≈ h¿Æ-hn-th-N-\hpw A^vKm-\n-ÿm-\n-sebpw]mIn-ÿm-\n-tebpw tKm{X-h¿§-t∏m -cp -Ifpw Aßs\ temI-Øns‚ hnhn[ `mK-ß-fn¬ Ac-tß-dp∂ kwL¿j-ß-fnse√mwhw -io -bX F∂ ss]im-NnIhnIm-c-Øns‚ {]Xy-£hpw ]tcm-£-hp-amb tXtcm-´-ßƒ ImWmw.CXn¬ Bcy≥ hwio-bX cmjv{S-Øns‚ tZio-b-X-bmbn {]Jym-]n®vtemIsØ InSnew sIm≈n®AtUmƒ^v ln‰ve¿ c≠mw temI-a-lm-bp-≤-tØmsS Ac-sßm-gn -™p. F∂m¬ blqZ hwi-tZ-io-b-X-bn¬ cmjv{Sw sIń-∏-SpØC{k-tb¬ AXns‚ oI-camb ]S-

tbm´w XpS -cp -I -bmWv. AXp -t]mse Ah-kcw Inń-bm¬ \-c-ta-[-ßfpw Iq´-s°m-e-I-fp-ambnBfn°Øp∂ AW-bmØ I\¬-°-´-I-fmbn temI-sØ-ºm-Sp-ap≈P\-h¿§-ß-fn¬ hwio-bX IpSn-sIm-≈p-∂p F∂-XmWv bmYm¿∞yw.

hwihpw hwio-b-Xbpw

hwihpw (Race) hwio-b-Xbpw (Racism) \mw th¿Xn-cn®va\- n -em -t°-≠-Xm-Wv. hwiwF∂Xv imkv{Xo-b-amb Hcp ]cn-I-ev]-\-bm-Wv. h¿Æw (\n-dw),apJm-IrXn (Facial features) imco-cn-I-hp-amb {]tXy-I-X-Iƒ, `mj,P\n-XI LS\ apX-emb ]mc-ºcyLS-I-ßsf ASn -ÿm-\-am -°n-bp≈ P\ hn`m -K -ßsfbmWv(Race) hwiw F∂v ]d-bp-∂-Xv.temI-Ønse F√m P\-X-IfpwFs¥-¶nepw Hcp hwi-Øn¬s∏-Sp -∂p. B[p -\nI \c -hwiimkv{Xw Hcp P\h¿§sØas‰mcp P\-h¿§-Øn¬ \n∂v Xncn-® -dn -bm -\mWv (hwiw) F∂kw⁄ D]-tbm -Kn -°p -∂-X v .F∂m¬ hwio -bX (Racism)

F∂Xv Aim-kv{Xo-bhpw hnIm-c-]-c-hp-amb Hcp km-aq-lnI Xn∑-bm-Wv. hwialn-a-bpsS {]Xy-b-im-kv{X-h-Xv°-c-W-amWv hwio-b-X.

Xm¥m-ß-fpsS hwi-a-lna kzbws]cp-∏n®pw a‰p≈ hwi-ßsfCI-gvØn-bpap≈ {]Xn-tem-a-I-c-amb Hcp kmaq-lnI ho£Ww]pe¿Øn AXv Bi-b-]-c-ambpwImbn-I-]-c-ambpw A[n-Im-c-i-‡n-sIm≠pw a‰p -≈-h -cn¬ ASn -t®¬∏n-°m≥ {ian-°p-∂-XmWvhwio -b -X. hwiw F∂bmYm¿∞ysØ hwiob hmZn-Iƒ hnIm-c-]-c-amb Hc-Sn-ÿm-\-am-°n-°≠v AXn-t∑-emWv Abp-‡n-Ihpw sshIm-cn-I-hp-amb hwio-b-hmZw sIń-∏-Sp-°p-∂-Xv. hwio-b-X-sb-°p-dn -®p≈ anYym-[m-c -WIfpw kwL¿j-ßfpw C√m-Xm-°m≥ 1949 ¬ \c -hw -i -im -kv{X⁄∑mtc-bpw, kmaqlyimkv{X-⁄-∑m-tcbpw Dƒs∏-SpØp sFIy-cm-jv{S -k-`-bpsSIogn-ep≈ UNESCO Hcp N¿®kwL-Sn-∏n-°p-Ibpw 1950 Pqsse15 \v Hcp {]Jym-]\w \S-Øp-I-bp -ap -≠m-bn. temIalmbp≤Ønte°v \bn® hwishdnbpsSASnkvYm\Øn¬ Db¿∂p h∂Bcy≥ \mknkØns‚ eambntemI almbp≤w Ign™Xns‚ho≠p hnNmctØmSpIqSnbmbncp∂p B ktΩf\w \S∂Xv.AXns‚ kw£n]vXw C{]-Im-c-am-Wv.

hwiobXbpw Ckvemapw

F. Fw. aplΩZv keow

P\-h¿§w (Ethnic)AYhm hwiw (Race) Hcp imkv{Xob ]cn-I-

ev]-\-bm-sW-¶n¬ hwio-bX (Racism) Abp-‡n-Ihpw hnIm-c-]-

c-hp-amb Hcp kmaq-lnI Xn∑bpw B Xn∑-bpsS {]Xy-b-im-kv{X-h-

Xv°-c-W-hp-am-Wv. hwisØ P\h¿§w F∂ ASnkvYm\Øn¬ Hcp

{]IrXn bmYm¿∞yambn AwKo-I-cn-°p∂ Jp¿-B≥ hwio-b-Xsb

i‡-ambn A]-e-]n-°p-∂p.

teJ\w


""F√m a\p-jycpw H∂mWv.a\p-jy¿ XΩn-ep≈ sshPm-Xy-ß-tf-°mƒ Gsd-bmWv Ah¿ XΩn-ep≈ tbmPn-∏p-Iƒ. a\p-jys‚imco -cnI {]tXy -I -X -Iƒ°v\nZm\w `qan -im -kv {X -] -c -hpwkmwkvIm-cn -I-hp-amb H‰-Xn -cn -™p≈ Pohn-X-am-Wv. tZio-bhpw,aX -] -chpw `mjm -] -chpwkmwkvIm-cn -I-hp-amb hn`-P-\-ßƒ°v hwi-hp-ambn bmsXmcp_‘-hp-an-√. hwiw (Race) F∂-Xn-t\-°mƒ P\-h¿§w (Ethnic)

F∂ kw⁄ D]tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv Gsd imkv{Xo-bw. a\pjyh¿K-Øns‚ apJy hn`-P-\-ßƒawK-tfm-bn-Up-Iƒ (Mangoloid

Division) \ot{Km-bn-kp-Iƒ (Ne-

groid Division) Im°-tkm-bnU]-c-amb Ign-hp-I-fpsS ASn-ÿm\whwio-b-a-√. kmwkvIm-cnI {]tXy-I-X-Iƒ P\n -X-I-]-c -a -√. a\p -jys‚ hy‡n-Xz-Øn\pw kz`m-h-Øn\pw hwi-hp-ambn _‘-an-√.P\-h¿§-ß-fpsS k¶-e-\-Øn-eqsS Xs∂-bmWv hwiw cq]-s∏-´-Xv. hwihpw hwisØ kw_-‘n® anØpw hyXy-kvX-amWvF∂n-h -bmWv B {]Jym -] -\ -Øns‚ kmc-kw-{K-lw.

sFIy - c m -j v { S -k - ` -b psSkpNn¥yßfmb {]Jym-]-\-ßƒhcp-∂-Xn\v Bbn-cØn \m\qdvh¿j-ßƒ°v aptº a\p -jy -h¿§sØ kw_-‘n®v Jp¿-B≥apt∂m-´p -h® bmYm¿∞y-ßƒF{X-am{Xw B¿P-h-ap-≈Xpw lrZ-bm-h¿P-Ihpw \c-hwi imkv{X-Øn\p t]mepw hgn ImWn-°p-∂-Xp-amWv F∂ hkvXpX \sΩA¤p-X-s∏-Sp-Øpw.

"a\pjysc \nßsf Htc-sbmcp kØ-bn¬ \n∂pw krjvSn-°p-Ibpw AXn¬ \n∂v AXns‚CW-tbbpw krjvSn -°p-IbpwAh c≠n¬ \n∂p-ambn \nc-h[n]pcp-j-∑m-scbpw kv{XoI-sfbpwhym]n-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNbvX \nß-fpsS \mYs\ \nßƒ kq£n-®p-

sIm-≈p-I.' (4:2). \n›-b-ambpwCXv \nß-fpsS kap-Zm-b-am-Ip∂pHtc-sbmcp kap-Zmbw (21:94). "a\p-jysc \mw \nßsf BWn¬\n∂pw s]Æn¬ \n∂p -ambnkrjvSn -®n -cn -°p -∂p. \nßsfhnhn[ kap-Zm-b-ßfpw tKm{X-ß-fp-am-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. \nßƒ ]c-kv]cw Adn-bp-∂-Xn-\p-th≠n'(49:14) "\nßsf Ah≥ aÆn¬\n∂v krjvSn-®p. At∏mƒ \nß-fXm \mw `qan-bn¬ hym]n-°p∂a\p-jy-cm-bn-Øo¿∂n-cn-°p-∂p.CXv Ahs‚ ZrjvSm-¥-ß-fn¬s∏-´-Xm-Wv. \nßƒ°v \nß-fpsSh¿K-Øn¬ \n∂v Xs∂ Ah≥CW-Isf krjvSn-®-Xv. \nß-f-h-tcmSv IqSn-tN¿∂v a\- -am-[m\wssIh-cp-Øm≥ th≠n. F∂n´v\nß-fpsS CS -bn¬ Ah≥kvt\lhpw Imcp-Wy-hp-ap-≠m-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp F∂Xpw (A-hs‚ ZrjvSm-¥-ß-fn¬s∏- -Xm-Wv)Nn¥n-°p∂ P\-ßƒ°v AXn¬]e ZrjvSm-¥-ß-fp-ap-≠v. Ahs‚ZrjvSm-¥-ß-fn¬s∏- -Xm-Wv BIm-i-ß-fp -sSbpw `qan -bp -sSbpwkrjvSn∏pw \nß-fpsS `mj-I-fp-sSbpw h¿W-ß-fp-sSbpw sshhn-[yhpw. Xo¿®-bmbpw Adn-hp-≈-h¿°v AXn¬ ]e ZrjvSm-¥-ß-fp-ap-≠v (30:21˛23).

a\p-jy-h¿§-Øns‚ GIm-fl-I-Xsb ]‰nbpw s]mXp Dev]-Ønsb kw_-‘n®pw Du∂n∏-d-bp∂ hn.-Jp¿-B≥, tKm{Xw, kaq-lw, h¿Æw, `mj apX-emb D]-Zm-\-ßƒ {]IrXn \n¿Ωn-®Xpw \c-hw-i-im-kv{X-]-c-ambn a\p-jys\IqSp-X¬ Adn-bm-\p-≈-Xp-amWvF∂mWv ]d-bp-∂-Xv. CXn¬ `mjF∂ LSIw hwio-b-amb h¿Æhn`-P-\-ßsf AXn-h¿Øn-°p-Ibpw DZv{K-Yn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂Hcp LS-I-ambnØocm-dp≠v. DZm-l-c-W-Øn\v Cw•ojv `mj kwkm-cn-°p∂ bqtdm-∏n-tebpw Ata-cn-°-bn-tebpw P\-h¿§-ßsf mjm-]-c-ambn DZv{K-Yn-°m≥ Cw•ojv`mj°p Ign-™p. AXp-t]mse

kDuZn Atd_y GU≥. Kƒ^vcmPy-ßƒ, tPm¿±m≥, CuPn-]vXv,kpUm≥, en_nb SqWn -jy,tamtdm-t°m, AƒPo-cn-b-F∂oB{^n-°≥ cmPy-ß-fn -tebpwkndn-b, Cdm-°v, e_-t\m≥ F∂o]›n-ta-jy≥ cmPyßfn-tebpwhnhn[ hwi-ß-fn¬s∏´ P\-h¿§-ßsf DZ v {K -Yn -°m≥ Ad_n`mj°v km[n-®p. CXn¬ ]e P\-h¿§-ßfpw Ckvemw aXw kzoI-cn-®-Xn\ptij-amWv Ad_n `mjkzb-Ø-am -°n -b-Xv . `mj HcpB¿PnX KpWhpw hwim-Xo-X-hp-ambn GsXmcp P\-h¿§-Øn\pkzmb-Ø-am-°m≥ Ign-bp-∂-Xp-am-Wv. `mj-tbbpw \nd-tØbpw Hcp-an®v ZrjvSm-¥-ß-fm-sb-Æp∂ Jp¿-B≥ hwiob \n¿Æb hmZ -Øns‚ anYysb XI¿°p-I-bmWvsNøp-∂-Xv. P\-h¿§-ß-fpsS hwi-e -£-W-ßƒ {]Ir -Xn -bn¬ImWp∂ sshhn-[y-ß-fpsS `mK-am-sW∂pw Ah¿ XΩn¬ hnhm-l-_-‘-Øn-eqsS k¶en-X-am-°m-sa∂pw Cu hN\w kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p. a\p-jys\ ]ptcm-K-Xn-bn-te°v\bn-°m\pw ]c-kv]cw {Kln-°m\pw ssZhw \¬Inb A\p-{K-l-ß-fn-sem-∂mWv tKm{Xo-bhpwhwi-]-c -hp -amb hyXn -tc-I-ß-sf∂pw a\p -jy -h¿§-Øns‚GIm-fl-I-X-bn-eq-∂n-s°m≠v \nc-h[n XhW Jp¿-B≥ Cu XØzwBh¿Øn-°p-∂p -≠v. AØcwhwi hyXn-tc-I-ßƒ hn\m-iI-c-amb hwio-bX krjvSn-°m-\p-≈-X√ F∂-XmWv Jp¿Bs‚ ktμ-iw.

hwio-b-Xbpw tImtfm-Wn-b-en-khpw

hwio-b-hmZw temI-k-am-[m-\sØ Atem-k-c-s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p∂ Hcp kmaq-ly-hn-]-ØmWv. ]m›mXy cmPy-ß-fpsStImtfmWnben-k-Øns‚ {]Xy-b-imkv{Xw hwio-b-X-bm-bn-cp-∂p.sXme-nsh-fp -∏ns‚h¿W-a-ln -a -bn¬, t{ijvT-Xbpw Ipeo-\-X-bpw


Xßƒ°m-sW∂ h¿Æ Uw`n-¬Al-¶-cn® ]m›m-Xy¿ IdpØh¿§-°m¿ am\h kwkvIr-Xn -bnse ]pd-tºm-°nse \nebpwhne-bp-an√mØ ASna ]≠m-c-ß-fm-sW-∂mWv KWn-®-Xv. XßƒIog-S-°nb tImf-\n-I-fnse P\-ßƒ A]-cn-jvIr-Xcpw {]mIr-X-cp-am-sW-∂mWv Ah¿ ]d-™-Xv.A°q-´-sc√mw ASn-a-I-fm-Im≥hn[n-°-s∏-´-h-cm-sW∂v Icp-Xnb]m›m-Xy¿ ss__nƒ kq‡-ß-fp≤cn®mWv Cu h¿Æ shdn-bpsS XØz-imkv{Xw {]N-cn-∏n-®-Xv. ASn-a-ØsØ hn[n-Z-Ø-am-sW∂v ÿm]n-°p∂ ss__n-fnse Dev]-Øn-IY Cß-s\-bm-Wv.

"t\mlns‚ aq∂p ]p{X-∑m-cm-bn-cp-∂p tiw, bms^-Øv, lmw.a\p-jy-Ip-e-Øns‚ hwi-]n-Xm-°-fmWv t\mlns‚ Cu aq∂p ]p{X-∑m¿. tiw skan-‰nIv P\-X-bpsShwi-]n-Xm-hm-Wv. bms^-Øv, Idp-Ø-h-cpw, skan-‰n-°-√m-Ø-Xp-ambP\-X-bpsS ]nXm-hv. lmw ASn-a-I-fm-°-s∏´ Idp-Ø-h-cpsS hwi-]n-Xm-hpw. lmans‚ aI-\mb I\m-\mWv Xm≥ sNømØ Ip‰-Øn\vt\ml-bpsS im]-ta‰v A[xÿnX\pw ASn-a-bp-am-bn-t∏m-b-Xv.IYCß-s\-bm-Wv. t\ml ap¥ncnI¿j-I-\m-bn-cp-∂p. Hcn-°¬ ap¥n-cn -bn¬ \ns∂-SpØ ho™vtkhn®v t\ml el-cn-bn¬ apßn.

aZr-e-l-cn-bn¬ DSp-Øp-Wn-bn-√msXIqSm -c -Øn¬ InS°p∂]nXmhns\-°≠ lmw hnhcwktlm-Z-c-∑m-cmb tian-t\m-Spw,bms^-Xn -t\mSpw ]d -™p.At∏mƒ Cu c≠v ktlm-Z -c -∑mcpw ]nXm-hns‚ \·Xbnte°vt\m°msX hkv{X-hp-ambn ]nd-tIm´v \S∂v Hcp-hn[w \·X ad-®p. aZy-e-l-cn -hn -´ -I∂ t\mltiwan-t‚bpw bms^-Øn-t‚bpw{]h¿Øn-bn¬ kw{]o -X-\mbnAhsc A\p-{K-ln-®p. ]nXm-hmbt\ml-bpsS \·-X-sb-∏‰n ktlm-Z -c -∑m -tcmSp ]d™Xv lmwBsW∂-dn™ t\ml tIm]m-Ip-e-\m-bn-s°m≠p lmans‚ sNdp-a-I≥ I\ms\ i]n®p. "lmans‚aI≥ I\m≥ tiwans‚ ASn-a-bm-Is´' F∂m-bn -cp∂p im]w.]nXmhv sNbvX Ip‰-Øn\v aIs\in£n-°p-I-bm-bn-cp∂p t\ml.I\ms‚ hwi-] -c -º-c -bmWvI\m≥ tZiØv hkn-®n-cp-∂Xv.C{k-tb¬ P\X I\m≥ tZiØvhcp-tºmƒ I\ms‚ hwi ]c-º-c-bn¬ s]´-h-cm-bn-cp∂p AhnsShkn-®n-cp-∂-Xv. I\ym-\y-tcm-Sp≈shdp∏pw ]pNvOhpw ss__nƒhnh-c -W-ß-fn¬ ImWmw.Aßs\ tian-s‚bpw bms^-Øn-s‚bpw hwi-ßƒ°v ASn-a-thesNøm≥ ssZhw Xs∂ hn[n®Hcp hwiw ]nd-°p-I-bm-Wp-≠m-b-

Xv.

sh≈-°m-c-\-√mØ Idp-Ø-hsc sIms∂m-Sp-°p-hm\pw Idp-º-am-cpsS `qan Itødn tImf\nÿm]n-°m\pw h¿Æ-a-ln-a-bpsSss__nƒ IY-bmWv Ah¿°v{]tNm-Z-\-ambn h¿Øn-®-Xv. aX-]-c-amb km[q-I-c-W-ap-≈-XvsIm≠vASn-a-Xz-Øn\pw h¿Æ shdn°pwh¿Æ hnth-N-\-Øn-\p-sa-XnscBflo-bhpw {]Xn -tcm -[hpwtcmjhpw a\- m-£n-°pØpw aX-]-c-ambn Ah-cn¬ Df-hm--bn -√.Imd¬am¿Ivkv ]d™ ab-°p∂aXsØ ChnsS ImWmw.

a[y -Ime \q‰m -≠p -I -fn¬aqkvenw {]Xm]w temI-Øns‚D®n-bn¬ FØn-bn´pw apkvenwIƒFhn-sSbpw tImf\n ÿm]n-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn√. kvs]bn≥ apX¬ssN\ hsc-bp≈ hnhn-[-ß-fmbP\-h¿§-ßsf Hcp aX-k-aqlwF∂ \ne-bn¬ \q-‰m-≠p-I-tfmfwDZv{K-Yn®p \n¿Øp-hm≥ CkvemwaX-Øn\p km[n-®p. Xp¿°n Jnem-^-Øns‚ ]X-\-Øn-\p-ti-j-amWvkm{am -Py -Xz -i -‡n -Iƒ "]m≥Ad_nkw' F∂ hwiobCkvemans\ Ad-_n-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬{]N-cn-∏n-®-Xv. Ckvemw XpS°wIpdn® P\-h¿§-ß-fpsS DZv{K-Y\ZuXyw C∂v BtKm-f-X-e-Øn¬AlvaZnøm apkvenw Pam-A-Øn-eq-sS-bmWv \S-°p-∂Xv F∂Xv HcpbmYm¿∞y-am-Wv.

Jp¿-Bs‚ Ncn-{X-c-N\mcoXn hwiobX°v FXncv

tZio-b-X-tbtbm hwio-b-X-tbtbm Bthiw sIm≈n-°p-Itbm Ac-°n-´p -d -∏n -°p-ItbmsNøp∂ coXn-bn-ep≈ Hcp Ncn-{X-c-N-\-b√ Jp¿-B≥ hc®p Im´p-∂-Xv. tZiob cmjv{Sßƒ°v ]mZ-tkh sNøm≥ cNn-°p∂ A°m-U-an°v Ncn-{X-Øns‚ {]mam-Wn-I-am-b- Hcp khn-ti-j-Xbpw Jp¿-B≥ ]men-®n-´n-√. Ncn-{X-ß-fn-ep-≈Xp t]mep≈ A\p-kyq-XX(Continuity) Imem -\p - {Iaw

a[y-Ime \q‰m-≠p-I-fn¬ aqkvenw {]Xm]w temI-Øns‚

D®n-bn¬ FØn-bn´pw apkvenwIƒ Fhn-sSbpw tImf\n

ÿm]n-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn√. kvs]bn≥ apX¬ ssN\ hsc-

bp≈ hnhn-[-ß-fmb P\-h¿§-ßsf Hcp aX-k-aqlw F∂

\ne-bn¬ \q-‰m-≠p-I-tfmfw DZv{K-Yn®p \n¿Øp-hm≥

Ckvemw aX-Øn\p km[n-®p. Xp¿°n Jnem- -Øns‚ ]X-\-

Øn-\p-ti-j-amWv km{am-Py-Xz-i-‡n-Iƒ "]m≥ Ad_nkw'

F∂ hwiob Ckvemans\ Ad-_n-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ {]N-cn-∏n-

®-Xv. Ckvemw XpS°w Ipdn® P\-h¿§-ß-fpsS DZv{K-Y\

ZuXyw C∂v BtKm-f-X-e-Øn¬ AlvaZnøm apkvenw Pam-

A-Øn-eq-sS-bmWv \S-°p-∂Xv F∂Xv Hcp bmYm¿∞y-am-Wv.


(Cronological order) Ncn-{X-`q-an-imkv{Xw (Historical Geography)

apX-emb A°m-U-anIv Ncn-{X-Øns‚ Pman-Xob ]cn-I-ev]-\-Iƒan°-hmdpw Jp¿-Bs‚ Ncn{Xhnh-c-W-Øn¬ ImWp-I-bn-√. Jp¿-B-\nI Ncn-{X-Øns‚ Cu Atc-Jn-bX (Nonlinearity) hwio-b-X-bp -sSbpw tZio-b-X-bp -sSbpwthcdp°p-∂p. a\p-jys‚ [m¿Ωn-Ihpw A≤ym-fln-I-hp-amb hf¿®e£yw sh®p-sIm-≠p≈ A≤ym-]-\-ßsf {]ta-b-am-°n-bmWv Jp¿-B≥ N-cn{X hrØm-¥-ßƒ hnh-cn-°p-∂-Xv. hwio-bX hf¿Øp-∂tXm cmjv{S \n¿Ωm-W-Øn\pth≠n-tbm-bp≈ Ncn-{X-a√ Jp¿-B≥ hnh-cn-°p-∂-Xv. sFlnItemIØv KpW-ßƒ {]Xn- -en-°p-∂Xpw ]mc-{XnI temIw e£ywsh®p-sIm-≠p-≈-Xp-amb Ncn{Xhnh-c-W-ß-fmWv AXv \¬Ip-∂-Xv. hn.-Jp¿-B≥ ]d-bp-∂p.

""F∂m¬ C°q-´¿ `qan-bn¬k©-cn-®n-ńt√? F¶n¬ Ah¿°vapºp-≠m-bn-cp-∂-h-cpsS ]cy-h-km\w Fß-s\-bm-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂vAh¿°v t\m°n-°m-Wm-am-bn-cp-∂p. kq£vaX ssIs°m≈p∂-h¿°v ]mc-{XnI `h\w G‰hpwKpW-I-c-am-Wv. F∂n´p \nßƒNn¥n®p a\- n-em-°p-∂nt√? .........Ah-cpsS Ncn{X hnh-c-W-Øn¬_p≤n-am-∑m¿°v henb ]mT-am-Wv.CXv sIń-N-a® Hcp hm¿Ø-b-√.t\sc adn®v CXn\p apºp≈ {]h-N-\-ß-fpsS km£m-XvIm-chpwF√m Imcy-ß-fpsS hni-Zo-I-c-Whpw kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ°v Hcpam¿§-Z¿i-\hpw Hcp Imcp-Wy-hp-am-Wv. (12:111-˛112).

Jp¿-B≥: hwio-b-Uw- n-s\-Xnsc

hwiob K¿Δpw, ssZh-Øns‚ CjvS-P-\-amWv Xß-sf∂aX-hn-izm-kn-I-fpsS Ah-Im-i-hm-Z-ß-sfbpw hn. Jp¿-B≥ ’n-°p-∂p. blq-Zn -Ifpw {InkvXym-\n-Ifpw Cu hmZ-ap-b¿Øn-b-t∏mƒ,

A√; \nßƒ sshhn-[y-]q¿Æ-amb a\p -jy -k-ap -Zm -b -ØnseAwK-ßƒ am{X-amWv F∂v ]d-™p-sIm≠v B Ah-Im-i-hm-Z-Øn-s\-Xnsc Jp¿-B≥ i‡-ambn{]Xn-I-cn-°p-∂p-≠v. ImWpI.

"Rßƒ A√m-lp -hns‚k¥-Xn-Ifpw CjvS-P-\-ß-fp-amWv'F∂v blq-Zn-Ifpw {InkvXym-\n-Ifpw ]d-bp-∂p. ]d-bpI Aß-s\-bm-sW-¶n¬ \nß-fpsS sX‰p-Iƒ \nanØw Ah≥ \nßsfin£n-°p-∂-sX-¥vsIm≠v? adn®vAh≥ krjvSn-®-cn¬s∏´ a\p-jy¿ am{X-amWv \nßƒ' (5:19).

ss__nƒ Ncn-{X-c-N-\-bpsSZqjy-ßƒ

ssZh-Øns‚ Xnc-s™-Sp-°-s∏´ P\-amWv blq -Zn -IƒF∂mWv ss__nƒ k¶-ev]w.blq-Zn-Isf ss__n-fn¬ "Aw'(Laos Theon ssZhP\w) F∂pwa‰p -≈-hsc temPv ]pdw -PmXnF∂p-amWv hnti-jn-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

cmjv{S-\n¿Ωm-W-Øn\v th≠n-bp≈ Ncn-{X-c-N-\-bpsS coXn-bn-emWv ss__nƒ Ncn {Xw hnh-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Imem-\p-{Iaw ]ptcm-K-an-°p∂ `qtZ-io-b-X-bn-e-[n-jvTn-X-amb ss__n-fns‚ Ncn{X hnh-c-W-Øns‚ `bm-\-I-amb ê-ßƒ\mem-bncw h¿jw Ign-™n´pwtemIw C∂pw A\p-`-hn-°p-I-bmWv F∂ ]c-am¿∞w \ma-dn-bp-hm≥ hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ CØcwhnj-b-ß-fn¬ ImWn® ssZhn-I-amb kq£va-Xbpw Ah-[m-\-Xbpw \sΩ hnkvabw sIm≈n-°p-∂p. C∂sØ ]›n-ta-jy-bnseC{k-tb¬ ê-kvXo≥ kwL¿j-ß-fpsS ASn-th-cp-Iƒ ss__n-fns‚ Ncn-{X-hn-h-cWw sIm-≠p-≠m-b -Zq-jy-^-e-ß-fm-Wv.

ssZh-Øns‚ kz¥w P\-Øn\v ss__n-fnse ssZhw Xosd-gp-Xn-s°m-SpØ qan-bmWv t]mepwê-kvXo≥. ss__nƒ hnh-cWw

ImWpI: "A∂v btlmh A{_-lm-an-t\mSv Hcp \nbaw sNbvXp\ns‚ k¥-Xn°v Rm≥ an{kbnw\Zn (ss\¬ \Zn) apX¬ {^mØv\Zn (bq{^-ókv) bmb alm-\Znhsc-bp≈ Cu tZisØ tI\y¿sI\n-kz¬, ItZm-\y¿, lnXy¿,s]cn-ky¿, sc^m-bo-ay¿, Atam-ø¿, I\m-\y¿, Kn¿§-iy¿, sb_q-ky¿ F∂n -h -cpsS tZisØXs∂ X∂n-cn-°p∂p F∂p Acp-fn-s®bvXp (D-ev]-Øn, 15:18-˛21).AXm-bXv a‰v ]pdw PmXn-°m¿ Xma-kn-®p-sIm-≠n-cns° Ah-c-dn-bmsXXs∂ ssZhw Xs‚ CjvS-P-\-Øn\v ê-kvXo≥ `qan Zm\wsNbvXp If-™p. ssZh--Øns‚Xs∂ c≠mw Xcw krjvSn-I-fmba\pjy a°-fpsS IqSn -In -S -∏p -t]mepw ssZhw hI-sh®p sImSp-Øn-√. ssZhw kz¥w P\-X-tbmSvImńb ]£-]m-XnXzw aqew CjvS-P -\ -amb C{k-tb-en -Iƒ°vss__n-fn¬ Fgp-Xn-s°m-SpØCu Zm\-]-{X-Øns‚ Ah-Im-i-hmZw D∂-bn-®mWv \mem-bncwh¿j-ßƒ°v tijw Ahn-SsØIpSn-]m¿∏p-Im-cmb AºXv e£wê-kvXo -\n -Isf IpSn -bn -d°nhn´pw ]Xn-\m-bn-c-ßsf sIms∂m-Sp-°nbpw C{k-tb¬ oIc cWw\S-Øp-∂-Xv. tZi-Øns‚ AXn-cp-t]mepw \n¿Æ-bn®v ssZhw blq-Z¿°v \¬Inb `qan-bmWv kntbm-Wn-Ãp-Iƒ Zmho-Zns‚ km{am-Py-Øns‚ AXn-cp-I-fmbn IW-°m-°p-∂-Xv. Ct∏m-gsØ C-{k-tb¬B {]hn-im-e-amb `q{]-tZ-isØHcp sNdp-tZiw am{X-am-Wv. Ing-°≥ CuPn-]v‰v, tPm¿±m≥, kDuZnAtd_y kndn-b, Cdm°v F∂ocmPy-ß-fn-te-°p-hsc btlm-h-bpsS hmKvZm-\-`qan hym]n-∏n-°mw.Ahn-sS-bp≈ tImSn-°-W-°n\va\p-jy-a-°sf Bń-]m-bn®v temIP\-kw-Jy-bn¬ Aev]w hcp∂C{k-tb-en-Iƒ°v ssIø-S-°mw.hmkvX -h -Øn¬ ss__n-fn¬btlmh ]Xn®p \¬Inb `qansb]‰nbp≈ Ah-Imi t_m[-


Øns‚ _e-Øn-emWv ]›n-ta-jy-bn¬ apgp -h≥ A[n -\n -thiòjWn apg°n C{k-tb¬ hncm-Pn-°p-∂-Xv.

PmXo-bX

AXp-t]m-se a\p-jy-a-°-tfm-Sp≈ ISpØ hnth-N -\ -amWvlnμp-aX kaq-l-Ønse PmXo-b-X. Xo¿®bmbpw temImkmakvtXm kpJnt\m `h¥pF∂ alØmb Z¿i\wtemIØn∂v ka¿∏n® ]cnip≤lnμpaXØn¬ ]n∂oS vIbdnIqSnb Xn∑bmWvPmXobX. P∑-Pm-X-ambn e`y-am-bXpw amdm≥ Ign-bm-Ø-Xp-amWvPmXn-hy-h-ÿ. CXn\v hwiobh¿§o-I-c-W-hp-ambn (Racial Strati-

fication) kmayXbp≠v.ssk‘h kwkvIm -c -Øns‚XI¿®-°p -ti-jw sshZnIImeØv DS-se-Sp-Ø-XmWv PmXnhyh-ÿ. sshZnI Bcy-∑m-cpsSA[n-\n-th-im-\-¥cw C¥y-bn¬\ne-hn¬ h∂ h¿Æ hyhÿbqtdm-]y-∑m-cpsS h¿Æ hyh-ÿ-tb-°mƒ bmYm-ÿn-Ihpw BNm-c-_-≤hpw AKm-[-ambn kaq-l-Øn¬ thcp -I -fp -≈-Xpam -Wv .A¤p-X -I -c -sa∂v ]d -bsás‰ßpw ImWmØhn[w AXvBbn-c-°-W-°n\v h¿j-ß-fmbnC∂pw XpS-cp-∂p. sXmgn¬ Xnc-s™-Sp-°pI F∂ A¿∞-ap≈"hy' F∂v [mXp-hn¬ \n∂mWvh¿Ww \njv]-∂-am-bXv F∂v ]d-b-s∏-Sp-∂p. F¥v Xs∂-bm-bmepwa\p-kvar-Xn-Im-e-L-´-Øn¬ AXv\membn (Nm-Xp¿h¿Wyw) Xncn®pP∑ PmX-hpw aX-]-c-hp-amb PmXnhyh-ÿ-bm-bn.

_u≤ {]`m -h -Øn¬Ign™ncp∂ {]mNo\ tIc-f-Øn-te°v Bcy≥ {]Xn-\n-[n-I-fmb\ºq-Xn-cn -am-cpsS A[n-\n-thitij-amWv Abn-Øm-N-c-W-Øn-eqsS Cu lo\ hyhÿ ChnsSAc-°n-´p-d-∏n-®Xv. kzman hnth-Im-\-μ≥ {`m¥m-ebw F∂v hnti-jn-

∏n® \ΩpsS tIc-f-am-bn-cp∂pC¥y-bnse PmXn hyh-ÿ-bpsSG‰hpw òI-c-amb cwK-th-Zn. a\p-kvar-Xn-bnse PmXn-hy-h-ÿbnsePmXn \mem-sW-¶n¬ tIc-f-Øn¬AXv Adp-]-Øn-\m-em-Wv. BsI-bp≈ 64 PmXn-I-fn¬ 54 Dw \ºq-Xn-cn-am¿°v Xo≠p-Ipfn Bh-iy-amb AbnØ hn`m-K-°m-cm-Wv.D∂X PmXn -°m -cn¬ \n∂pwXo≠m-]m-S -Iew kq£n-t°≠IogvPm-Xn-Iƒ XΩnepw AbnØwI¿i-\-ambn ]men-®p. hn -P-\-an-ß-s\-bm-bn-cp-∂p. \ºq-Xncn C√-ß-fn-epw, tImhn-e-I-ß-fn-epw, t£{X-ß-fnepw `rXy-tPm-enbpw kmbp[tkh-\ -hp -am -bn -cp∂p \mb-∑m¿°p hn[n-®-Xv. Cug-h-cn¬ hen-sbmcp hn`m-Khpw \mb¿ Xd-hm-Sp-I-fnse Dugnbw ASn-a-I-fm-bn-cp-∂p. sXßns‚ Irjn ]cn-N-c-W-hpw, Ib-‰hpw AXv kw_-‘-ambtPmen-I-fp-am-bn-cp∂p Ah¿°vhn[n-®-Xv. A[xIrX-h¿§-°m¿°vIrjn-∏-Wn-bm-bn-cp∂p Ipe-sØm-gn¬. Ch¿ NWvUm-fcpw ASn-a-I-fp-am-bn-cp-∂p. A_-≤-Øn¬ HcpASna D∂X Ipe-Pm -X -bmbkv{Xosb kv]¿in-®m¬ sIme-in£ hsc \¬Im≥ \nb-a-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. [m¿Ωn-I-X-bp-sSbpw a\p-jy -Xz -Øn -s‚bpw D∂-X -ambA≤ym-]-\-ßƒ \¬Inb al-Ømb lnμp-a-X-Ønse [oc-∑m-cmb a\p-jy-kvt\-ln-Iƒ Xs∂lnμp-a-XsØ {Kkn® Cu PmXn]nim-Nn-s\-Xnsc t]mcm-Sn. tIc-f-Ønse lnμp s]mXp-k-aq-l-Øn¬PmXn hyh-ÿ-bpsS `mK-ambn\ne -\n -∂n -cp∂ Abn -ØhpwAkv]r-iy-Xbpw Gsd°ptd C√m-Xm-bn. ]t£ sshhm-lnI _‘-ß-fnepw aX-cw-KØpw PmXo-bXA`w-Kpcw XpS-cp-∂p.

D]-kw-lmcw

Imcp -Wy -hm -\mb ssZhwkrjvSn® a\p-jy-cn¬ hwio-b-X-bpw, hn`m-Ko-b-X-bp-an-√. Jp¿-B≥]d-™-Xp-t]mse sshhn-[y-ßƒ

]c-kv]cw Adn-bm-\pw h¿Æ-i-_-fna Iq´m\pw ⁄m\w Dev]m-Zn-∏n-°m\pw th≠n-am-{X-am-Wv. Hcphnizam-\h kwkvIrXn cq]-s∏-Sp-Øm-\m-h-iy-amb ssZhnI A≤ym-]-\-ßƒ lnμp, {InkvXy≥, PqX,_p≤, Ckvemw XpSßn F√m aX-ßfpw Dƒs°m-≈p-∂p-≠v F∂ImcyØn¬ bmsXmcp kwi-b-hp-an-√. B hnip≤ ]mT-ßƒ ad-®p-sh®pw adn-I-S∂pw A\y-Ym-hym-Jym-\n®pw Iq-ń-t®¿Øpw a\p-jy-\mWv hwio-b-Xbpw hn`m -Ko -bXbpw h¿§o-b-X-bpw -kr-jvSn-®-Xv. GXm-bmepw A\-¥-amb a\p-jy-ssh-hn-[y-ßsf cay-a-t\m-l-c-ambn tIm¿Øn -W-°m -\p≈kz¿Æ \q¬ kΩm-\n® aX-amWvCkvemw. hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ Cuktμ-isØ i‡-amb hN-\-ß-fn-eqsS Ac-°n-´p-d-∏n-°p-∂p.

hmKvZØv akolv lZvdØvAlvaZv (A)s‚ hm°p-I-fn¬ CuteJ\w D]-kw-l-cn-°-s´. "A√m-lp-hns‚ kØ-bn¬ GIXzwD≈Xv t]mse, imiz -X -ambssZhnI Zmky -Øn -\p -th≠nkrjvSn-°-s∏´ a\p-jy-k-ap-Zm-b-Øn\pw GIXzw Xs∂-bmWvAh≥ hn[n-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. hwi-h¿≤-\hv ImcWw a\p-jy-k-ap-Zm-b-Øn¬ cq]-s∏- n- p≈ sshhn-[y-ßƒ Xs∂bpw ]q¿W-amba\pjy sFIy-Øn -\p -th≠nbp≈ aps∂m-cp-°-am-bn-cp-∂p.BZyw a\pjykap-Zm -b-Øn¬GI-X-bpsS hn`n -∂-im-J-Iƒÿm]n-®p-sIm≠v ]n∂oSv ]q¿W-amb sFIy-hr-Ø-Øn¬ GtIm-]n-∏n-°p-hm-\m-Wv ssZhw C—n-°p-∂-Xv. BI-bm¬ ssZhw kap-Zm-b-ß-fpsS hyXykvX imJ-IƒG¿s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw Hmtcm kap-Zm-b-Ønepw Hmtcm GIX krjvSn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. kap-Zm-bßƒ]c-kv]cw _‘-s∏-Sp -∂-Xn\vXmakw kw` -hn -°m -Xn -cn -°p -Ibpw thW-sa-∂-XmWv CXns‚clkyw'. (Nivsa aAvcn^ t].137).


AlvaZnøm PamAØvD®kqcys\ t]mse {]ImiwsNmcnbp∂ Hcp D÷ze kXyamWv. \njv°f¶amb GsXmcpkXylrZbØn\pw Ffp∏Øn¬Cu bmYm¿∞yw {Kln°m≥Ignbp∂XmWv. bp‡nbpw_p≤ni‡nbpw D]tbmKn®vIqe¶iambn {]amWhpwtcJIfpw ]cntim[n®√ an°BfpIfpw AlvaZnbØv kzoIcn®Xv. AXn\p≈ ]mWvUnXytam{]mKev`ytam C√mØ km[mcW°m¿ AXnt\°mƒ B[nImcnIamb as‰mcp am\ZWvUØnemWvCu ]cnip≤ PamAØØn¬{]thin®Xv F∂mWv Fs‚A\p`hw. B am\ZWvUwAlvaZnIƒ \bn°p∂ PohnXhnip≤nbpw kz`mh alnabpamWv. AlvaZnIfpsS hmZØn\vkm[mcW°m¿°v t_m≤yamhp∂ G‰hpw henb km£ywAXmbncp∂p. AØcØnep≈almXvam°fmbncp∂p tImgnt°ms´ BZyIme AlvaZnIƒ.Rm≥ Ncn{XØn¬ \n∂vhmbn®pw tI´pw Adn™hcpwt\cn¬ I≠hcpamb Ah¿ae°pIsf t]msebp≈almXvam°fmbncp∂p. AlvaZn

IfpsS hmZßƒs°m∏w A\lvaZnIƒ t\m°n°≠Xv AhcpsSPohnXw IqSnbmbncp∂p. AØc°mcpsS PohnXßfmbncp∂ptImgnt°mS v hfscb[nIwBfpIsf AlvaZnøØnte°vBI¿jn®Xpw A\p`mhnIfm°nam‰nbXpw.

AlvaZnøØns‚ tImgnt°ms´ BZyIme Ncn{XØn¬Nne FXn¿∏pIfpw {]bmkßfpw tImgnt°m´v Actßdnsb¶nepw tImgnt°ms´ apkvenwkaqlw s]mXpth klnjvWpXbptSbpw kulm¿±Øns‚bpw]ckv]c _lpam\ Ønt‚bpwkwkvImcw ]pe¿Øp∂hcmWv.tIcfØn¬ AlvaZnøm PamAØn\v IÆqcnepw ]gßmSnbnepamWv hnØp]mInbsX¶nepwtImgnt°ms´ hnimehpwhf°qdp≈Xpamb aÆnemWvAlvaZnøm PamAØv hf¿∂v]¥en®Xv. AlvaZnøm PamAØns‚ IÆnepÆnbb ap_√nKvaue\m A–p√mlv kmln_vF®v F bpsS D÷zeamb I¿Ω`qanbpw tImgnt°mSmbncp∂p.AXv t]mse auem\m A_p¬h^m kmln_v , auem\m aplΩZvDa¿ kmln_v F∂o {]Kev`cmb

AlvaZn anjWdnam¿ ÿncXmakam°ns°m≠p≈ {]h¿Ø\cwKhpw tImgnt°mSmbncp∂p. ChcpsSsb√mw km∂n≤ywsIm≠pw apØJnIfmb \nch[nAwKßfpsSbpw \n zm¿∞amb{]h¿Ø\w sIm≠pw tImgnt°mS v F°mehpw kPohhpwA\pKrloXhpambncp∂p. B]cºcyw \ne\n¿Øns°m≠vcmhpw ]Iepw C∂pw tImgnt°mSv kPohamWv. A{]Imcw]pXnb Imcyßƒ Adnbm\pwtIƒ°m\pw Hu’pIyw ImWn®\njv]£aXnIfmb hfscb[nIw t]¿ tImgnt°ms´ apkvenws]mXp kaqlØnep≠mbncp∂p.am{Xa√ aX]camb {]h¿Ø\ßƒs°m≠pw kwhmZ˛ N¿®Ifpw sIm≠v Ne\mXvaIambncp∂p tImgnt°mSv.

AlvaZnøm PamAØn¬h∂hcpsS Ncn{Xw FgpXs∏SpIbpw A\pkvacn°s∏SpIbpwsNøpw F∂Xv kzm`mhnIamWv.F∂m¬ PamAØn¬ {]thin°pIbpw ]n∂oSv ]e ImcWßfm¬ PamØn¬ \n¬°m≥IgnbmsX hcpIbpw hn´pt]mIpIbpw sNbvXhcp≠v. AXvt]mse PamAØv ]q¿WkXyamsW∂dn™n´pw XßfpsS _elo\XsIm≠v {]thin°m≥ `mKyw e`n°mØhcp≠v.

A\p`mh]q¿Δw AI∂p\n∂h¿AlvaZnøØn¬ ]q¿Æ hnizmkap≠mbn´pw {]bmkßƒ°pw

{]Xn_‘ßƒ°pw _elo\XIƒ°pw apºn¬ PamAØn¬

{]thin°m≥ IgnbmsX t]mbh¿, {]thin®n´pw \n¬°m≥

IgnbmsX hn p t]mbh¿ tImgnt°ms´ Nnesc A\pkvacn®psIm≠v

teJI≥ (a¿lqw) AlvaZnøm PamAØv tIcf iXm_vZn ]Xn∏v

2015¬ FgpXnb teJ\w ]p\:{]kn≤oIcn°p∂p.

Fw. sI. Cºn®n tImb´n, tImgnt°mSv

teJ\w


AXv t]mse ]cnip≤ambAlvaZnøm PamAØnte°v{]thin°m≥ ]m]nIfmbXßƒ A¿lc√ F∂v IcpXnAI∂p\n∂v PamAØns\kvt\ln®hcpap≠v.

AlvaZnøØv ]q¿Æ kXyamW∂dn™, t]cpw s]cpabpap≈ \ap°v Adn™hcpwAdnbs∏SmØhcpamb At\Iwt]¿ PamAØn\v ]pdØvtImgnt°m´p≠mbncp∂p. a‰p{]ÿm\ßsf t]mse _p≤n]camb shdpsamcp t_m≤yØns‚ASnÿm\Øn¬ IS∂p hcm≥km≤ya√mØ Hcp PamAØmWvAlvaZnøm PamAØv. FXn¿∏ns‚ XoIm‰v A`napJoIcn°m\pwIpSpw_Øns‚bpw kaqlØnt‚bpw _lnjv°cWw kln°m\pw k∂≤Xbp≈ XymKioe¿°v am{Xta AlvaZnøØnte°v IS∂p hcm≥ km≤yamhp. kXyw a\ nem°nbBthiØn¬ h∂h¿°v Xs∂]e ImcWØmepw PamAØn¬\n¬°m≥ IgnbmsXbpwt]mbn´p≠v . AØcØn¬PamAØn¬ {]thin°pIbpwPamAØn\v th≠n hnes∏´tkh\ßƒ A\pjvTn°pIbpwAhkm\w ]e ImcWßfmepwPamAØn¬ \n∂v hn´pt]mhpIbpw sNbvX Hcp {]apJhy‡nbmbncp∂p Fw. hnBent°mb. 1934 ¬ BZyambnHcp AlvaZn ktlmZc≥acn®t∏mƒ apkvenwIƒ AhcpsSivaim\Øn¬ P\mk AS°m≥kΩXn®n√. Cu Kuchap≈{]iv\w IeIvSdpambn kwkmcn°m≥ A∂sØ PamAØvsk{I´dn AlvaZv kmln_nt\mSpw akolv aDuZn(A)s‚klm_n \ø¿ kmln_nt\msSm∏w IeIvSsd I≠v ImcyØns‚Kuchw ]d™v t_m≤ys∏SpØp∂Xn¬ {]apJ ]¶v hln®Xv Fwhn Bent°mbm kmln_vBbncp∂p. auem\m F®v F

bpsS hewIømbn {]h¿Øn®At±lw Xo{hamb FXn¿∏ns‚B ImeL´Øn¬ PamAØn\pth≠n XymK]q¿Δw tkh\wsNbvX hy‡nbmWv. At±lw]n∂oSv tImgnt°mSv PamAØns‚ P\d¬ sk{I´dn hscBhpIbpw sNbvXp. ]t£\n¿`mKyIcsa∂v ]dbsÁt±lw ]n∂oSv Nne {]tem`\ßfn¬ s]´v ]pdØv t]mth≠nhcnIbpw PamAØns‚ i{Xp]mfbØn¬ AIs∏SpIbpwsNbvXp. AlvaZnbmbn Pohn°m≥ At±lØn\v km≤yambn√.tImgnt°mSv amtØm´w PamAØwKw ]pt∂m¬ sI. ]n A–p¿dlnw kmln_ns‚bpw a¿lqwsI. ]n. A p kmln_ns‚bpwA\pP\mWv C{_mlnw Ipńkmln_v. auehn A_p¬ h^mkmln_ns‚ PamAsØCkvemans°Xnsc {]kn≤oIcn®]pkvXIØn\v AhXmcnIFgpXnbXv At±lambncp∂p.

kaqlØns‚ ]pdwt]m°n¬ sXcqhnepw AßmSnIfnepambn IpØgn™ PohnXw\bn°pIbpw X√n\pw sIm√n\pwXømdmbn P\ßsf hnd∏n®a√∑mcpw ]gbIme tImgnt°mSns‚ `mKambncp∂p. tImgnt°m´pIm¿ Ahsc hº∑m¿ F∂mbncp∂p hnfn®Xv. Bscbpw IqkmØ]cp]cpØ PohnXw \bn® Ah¿H‰°v \n∂v kaqlsØ sh√phnfn°m≥ sI¬∏p≈hcmbncp∂p. F¶nepw \oXnt_m[hpwa\pjy kvt\lhpambncp∂pAhcpsS ]e {]h¿ØnIfpsSbpw ASnÿm\ t{]cW. ]t£AXn\mbp≈ AhcpsS coXnIƒ]cp°\pw am\yX°v \nc°p∂XpamImdns√∂v am{Xw.hºamcn¬s∏´hcnepw AlvaZnøØn¬ BIrjvScmbhcpwAlvaZnøØns\ AKm[ambnkvt\ln®hcpap≠mbncp∂p.A°q´Øn¬s∏´hcmWv e¶≥sambvXo≥ kmln_v, Imń¬

hoń¬ DΩ¿ tImbm kmln_v,_n®ns‚ aΩZv tImbm kmln_vapXemb hº∑m¿. Ahcn¬Nne¿ AlvaZnøØv kzoIcn®vamXrIm]camb kmXznI PohnXw\bn®v kaqlsØ AXv`pXs∏SpØnbn´p≠v. Nne¿ ss_AØv sNbvsX¶nepw kzbw ]m]nIfmsW∂v IcpXn AhcpsS_elo\XIfpw \ndwsI´PohnXhpw Cu ]cnip≤ PamAØn\v If¶amIpsa∂v IcpXnPamAØn¬ \n∂v AI∂v amdnPohn®p. AØcØn¬s∏´ AhnkvacWob hy‡nbmWv tImgnt°mSns\ hnd∏n® hº≥ e¶≥sambvXo≥ kmln_v. Hcn°¬ss_AØv sNbvXXmWv ]n∂oSvPamAØpambn _‘s∏ńń√.At±lw Xs‚ ]gb temItØ°v Xs∂ Xncn®p t]mbn. F¶nepwPamAØns‚ ]cn]mSnIfnse√mw e¶s‚ km∂n≤yap≠mbncp∂p. PamAØn\v th≠nBcpambpw hmZn°m≥ Ft∏mgpwk∂≤\mbncp∂p. kXyZqXs‚ÿncw hmb\°mc\pambncp∂p.Nnet∏mƒ apc´v hmZw D∂bn°p∂ FXncmfntbmSv A«oessienbnep≈ ]pfn® sXdnbpw]dbpambncp∂p. Hcn°¬ Hcpamjns\ cmhnse apX¬ X_veoKvsNøm≥ XpSßn. sshIpt∂cw:6 aWnbmbn 8 aWnbmbn BA≤ym]It\mSv ‘F¥m amtjkwibsa√mw Xo¿t∂m’ F∂ve¶≥ tNmZn®p. amjv ]d™p:‘C√’ t£m`n® e¶≥ ‘F∂m¬\ns‚ kwibhpw C∂v Rm≥Xo¿Øv Xcmw................ ’ FgpXm≥sIm≈mØ sXdn ]d™vamjns\ HmSn®p hnSpIbmbncp∂p. auem\m A–p√mlvkmln_ns‚ apºn¬ At±lwImWn® hn\bhpw _lpam\hpw ]pensb ]q®bm°n am‰p∂auehn kmln_ns‚ AXpeyamb hy‡n {]`mhØn\vsXfnhmWv. hºn® FXn¿∏p≠mbncp∂ A°meØv auehn


kmln_v {]kwKn°p∂ ÿeßfn¬ kzbw Imh¬°mcmbne¶\pw Iq´mfnIfpw \n¬°pambncp∂p. Chsc°≠m¬AlvaZnøØns‚ F{X henbFXncmfnIfmsW¶nepw BNp‰ph´Øn¬ \n∂v c£s∏Spw.Bscbpw `ban√mØ kck\pwXami°m\pambncp∂p sambvXo≥ Im° F∂v Rßƒ hnfn°p∂ e¶≥ sambvXo≥ kmln_v.At±lsØ kw_‘n°p∂k`yhpw kt`yXchpamb At\Iw IYIfp≠v. Hcn°¬ Fs∂Btcm AlvaZnbmbXns‚ t]cn¬D]{Zhn°p∂p F∂ hm¿Ø tI´vtImgnt°ms´ Imc∏dºn¬ Xs‚kzXkn≤amb t]m°ncn `mhØn¬ Hcp ssk°nfn¬ BKX\mbn. AßmSnbneqsS \S∂t∏mƒ At±lsØ Adnbmhp∂]ecpw h∂v Imcyw At\zjn®p.\ΩpsS Ipńsb sXm´m¬At∏mƒ hnhcadnbpsa∂ HcpXm°oXpw F√mh¿°pambn\¬InbmWv e¶≥ AhnsS \n∂vbm{XbmbXv. Aßs\ At\IwIYIƒ e¶≥ sambvXo≥kmln_ns\ ]‰nbp≠v. At±lØn\pw At±lsØ t]mseAlvaZnøØns\ kvt\ln®h¿°pw Ahsc Xs∂ kzbwimkn°p∂ Hcp lrZbap≠mbncp∂p. PohnX kmlNcyßƒ°pw _elo\XIƒ°pwASnas∏´p t]mb Ah¿ kzbw]m]nIfmsW∂v IcpXn. Xm≥]m]nbmsW∂pw Cu ]cnip≤PamAØn¬ \n¬°m≥ tbmKyXbn√ F∂pw At±lw kzbwIcpXn PamAØn¬ \n∂vAI∂v \n∂p. AhnhmlnX\mbncp∂ sambvXo≥° IS∏pdsØHcp sjUvUnembncp∂pIgn™ncp∂Xv . Ahkm\whm¿≤Iyhpw tcmKhpw _m[n®vAhi\mb sambvXo≥Im°tbmSv Rm≥ tNmZn®p ‘A√m,acn®m¬ FhnsSbmWv sht°≠Xv?’ adp]Sn ‘sambvXo≥°ms\

AhnsS sh°≠ tams\sambvXo≥° A{X°v ssiXzm\mWv.’ sambvXo≥° acWaS™t∏mƒ At±lw JmZnbm\nbmsW∂v ]d™v AhcpsS ivaim\Øn¬ J_dS°m≥ ]≈n°Ωn‰n°m¿ A\phZn®n√. kzbw ]m]nbmsW∂v IcpXn PamAØn¬\n∂v AI∂v Ign™ sabvXo≥°sb ]t£ A√mlp AI‰nbn√. At±lØns‚ P\mkAlvaZnøm ivaim\ØnemWvAS°w sNbvXXv.

AlvaZnøm PamAØns‚Ncn{Xw PamAØn¬ {]thin®hcptSbpw hnizkn®n´pw {]thin°m≥ km[n°mØhcptSbpwIqSn Ncn{XamWv. {]Xn_‘ßƒ°pw {]bmkßƒ°pwapºn¬ hnizkn®Xv {]Imcw{]h¿Øn°m≥ IgnbmsX t]mblX`mKy¿°v A√mlp s]mdpØpsImSp°pIbpw \ΩpsSbpwAhcpsSbpw ]ctemI PohnXwA√mlp A\pKrloXam°nXo¿°pIbpw sNøpamdmIs´.(Bao≥)

®Xpw as‰m∂√. \_n(k)Xncpta\nbpsS i{Xp°ƒCkvemans\ hmfp sIm≠v\in∏n°m≥ apXn¿∂t∏mƒXncpta\n°v hmfpsIm≠p≈Blzm\w sNtø≠n h∂p.hmfpsIm≠v aXsØ \in∏n°mt\m AØcØnep≈ lo\IrXyßƒ {]Ncn∏n°mt\m D≈{iaßƒ C°meØv GXm≠vAhkm\ n® n c n° pIbmW v .Ckveman\msW¶n¬ {]Xntcm[Øn\v kmbp[kacØns‚Bhiyhpan√. AXpsIm≠vlZvdØv AlvaZv(A) ssa{Xnbnepw ImcpWyØnepw `‡nbnepwDu∂¬ \evIns°m≠v am\h]ptcmKXn°v kabhpw kºØpamWv _enb¿∏nt°≠Xv F∂vBlzm\w sNbvXp. Npcp°Øn¬,

BZna {InkvXpZ¿i\w tamsitbmSpw PqXaXtØmSpw _‘s∏ńcn°p∂ AtX \nebmWv\_n(k)Xncpta\ntbmSpw hnip≤Jp¿Bt\mSpw hmKvZØ akolpwAlvaZnøØpw _‘s∏ńcn°p∂Xv. A√mlp hnip≤ Jp¿B\n¬ ]dbp∂p:

‘C∂m A¿k¬\m Csse°pw dkqe≥ imlnZ≥ Asse°pw Iam A¿k¬\m Cem^n¿Hu\ dkqem.’ (kqd: ap Ωn¬ 16)

"^n¿Hus‚bSp°te°v\mw Hcp ZqXs\ Ab®Xpt]mse\nßƒ°p km£nbmbn \nßfnte°v Hcp ZqXs\ \mw Ab®ncn°p∂p. "Cu hN\Øn¬ \_n(k)Xncpta\nsb aqkm\_n(A)bpsS kZriy\mbn´mWvhnhcn®ncn°p∂Xv . Aßs\sbmcp {]hmNIs\°pdn®vBh¿Ø\]pkvXIw 18:18 ¬C{]Imcw {]hN\ap≠v: “\ns∂t∏mse Hcp {]hmNIs\ AhcpsS ktlmZc∑mcn¬ \n∂vAh¿°mbn Rm≥ Db¿Øpw.Rm≥ Fs‚ hN\ßƒ AbmfpsS \mhn¬ \nthin∏n°pw.”C{kmCueycpsS ktlmZc∑mcn¬ \n∂v, AXmbXv CkvamCuens‚ hwiØn¬ \n∂v, AhXcn®,aqkm°v kZriy\pw \ymb{]amW hmlI\pamb GsXmcp{]hmNIs‚ \mhn¬ ssZhwXs‚ hN\ßƒ \nthin∏n°psa∂v ]d™pthm AXv aplΩZv\_ n (k )X n c p t a\ nb√msXa‰mcpa√. AXpsIm≠v BZyakolv lZvdØv aqkm\_nbpsSA\pbmbnIfn¬ \n∂v AhXcn®Xpt]mse hmKvZØ akolv\_n(k)Xncpta\nbpsS A\pbmbnIfn¬ \n∂mbncp∂p AhXcnt°≠nbncp∂Xv. tbiphns‚A[ym]\ßƒ°v tamsibpsSA[ym]\Ønep≈ AtX ÿm\w Xs∂bmWv At±lØns‚A[ym]\ßƒ°v Ckvemanep≈Xv. (XpScpw)

t]Pv 16 ¬ \n∂v XpS¿®


Ipdn∏pIƒ

temIØnse G‰hpw hcpam\ap≈ Iº\nIfnsem∂mWvkuZn BkvYm\ambn {]h¿Øn°p∂ Atd_y≥˛Atacn°≥(AdwtIm) Hmbn¬ Iº\n.AdwtIm F∂ Npcp°t]cn¬Adnbs∏Sp∂ Cu Iº\nbpsSIognse FÆ kwkv°cWimebpw FÆ]mShpw ba\n¬A`y¥c bp≤w \SØp∂ lqZnXo{hhmZnIfpsS B{IaWØn\vhnt[bamhpIbp≠mbn. XßfmWv B{IaWw \SØnbsX∂vlqZnIƒ AhImis∏s´¶nepwB{IaWØn\v ]n∂n¬ Cdm\msW∂mWv kDuZnbpw Atacn°bpw Btcm]n°p∂Xv. Xncn®Snbp≠mhpsa∂v Ah¿ òjWWnapg°pIbpw sNbvXncn°p∂p.AtXmsS kwL¿j`cnXamb]ivNntajybn¬ bp≤ òXn]ScpIbmWv. CXv Atacn°bpsShymPmtcm]Ww am{XamsW∂mWv Cdm≥ ]dbp∂Xv.

ba\n¬ 2015 ¬ `cWm[nImcnbmbncp∂ A_vZp¿d∫va≥kq¿ lmZnsb inbm kmbp[{Kq∏mb lqZnIƒ ]pdØm°pIbpw At±lw kDuZn¬ A`bwtXSpIbpap≠mbn. A_vZp¿d∫va≥kq¿ lmZnbpw At±lsØ]n¥pW°p∂hcpw lqZnIfpsSkp{]ow t]mfn‰n°¬ Iu¨knepw CcpIqćpw Ct∏mƒ HutZymKnI `cWIqSsa∂v AhImi

s∏´p sIm≠mWv h≥ B`y¥cbp≤w \SØp∂Xv. kDuZnbpsSt\XrXzØn¬ CuPn]vXv, bp FC, samtdmt°m, tPm¿±m≥,kpUm≥, Ipssh‰ v , JØ¿apXemb cmPyßƒ ap∂WnbmbnAtacn°≥ klmbtØmsSba\n¬ lmZn `cWIqSØn\vA\pIqeambpw inbm°fmblqZnIsf ]n¥pW®p sIm≠vCdm\pw ba\n¬ t]mcmSpIbmWv.inbm°fmb Cdms‚bpwkp∂nIfmb kDuZnbpsSbpw_e]co£W thZnbmWv C∂vba≥. Atacn°bpw CkvdtbepwkDuZnbpw Hcp ]£ØpwCdm\pw djybpw adp`mKØpw\n∂mWv Ign™ \meph¿jambn ba\n¬ t]mcm´wsImgp∏n°p∂Xv. AXn¬ G‰hpw HSphnseØXmWv AdwtImbnse t{Um¨ B{IaWw.B`y¥cbp≤w aqew ba\nep≠mb a\pjy almZpcnXßƒhnhcWmXoXamWv. bp≤w aqewacWhpw ]ńWnbpw tcmKhpw 28Zi e£w ba\nIsf Im¿∂pXn∂psIm≠ncn°p∂Xv temIwI≠p sIm≠ncn°pIbmWv.`bm\IamWv AhnSpsØP\ßfpsS kvYnXnKXnIƒ.

temIØnse G‰hpw henb FÆip≤oIcW imebmbAdwtIm BWv lqZnIƒB{Ian®Xv . B{IaWØns‚]n∂n¬ Cdm\msW∂ Btcm]Ww Cdm≥ \ntj[n°pIbpw

lqZn B{IaWØns‚ t]cn¬Cdms\Xnsc Fs¥¶nepw \S]SnD≠mbm¬ DS≥ {]XnIcWap≠mIpsa∂pw AXv shdpwòjWnbn¬ HXpßns√∂pwCdm≥ Hcp \bX{¥ Ipdn∏neqsSAtacn°sb Adnbn®n´p≠v.Cdm\n¬ Atacn°bpsS \bX{¥ Imcyßƒ t\m°p∂kzoUnjv Fw_ n hgnbmWvCdm≥ Ipdn∏ v \¬InbXv .Atacn°bpw kuZnbpw tN¿∂vba\n¬ \SØp∂ bp≤wIqSpX¬ hym]n∏n°m\p≈{iaØns‚ `mKamWv CuBtcm]Wsa∂pw Cdm≥ hIvXmhv ]d™p. ba\nse lqZnhnaXcmWv Cu t{Um¨ B{IaWw \SØnbsX∂pw Cdms‚bi v XI¿°m\pw `mhn\S]SnIƒ°v hgnsbmcp°m\pw NmckwLS\Iƒ \SØp∂ KqVmtemN\ t]msebp≈XmWvAtacn°≥ Btcm]Wsa∂pwCdm≥ hntZiImcy hIvXmhvA∫mkv aqkhn Ip‰s∏SpØn.Zim_vZßtfmfambn bp≤wsIm≠pw bp≤òjWn sIm≠pwkwL¿j`cnXamb ]ivNntajybn¬ ho≠pw bp≤ Imlfwapgßptºmƒ AXv temIamsIBi¶ Dfhm°pIbmWv.AdwtIm B{IaWØn\v tijwkDuZnbpsS FÆ D¬∏mZ\w]IpXnbmbn Ipd°pIbpwBtKmf hn]Wnbn¬ FÆhneCcp]Xv iXam\w DbcpIbpap≠mbn. temI kºZv hyhkvY

bp≤ oXn HgnbmØ ]ivNntajy

apkm^n¿


sb CXv {]XnIqeambn _m[n°psa∂ Imcyw Dd∏mWv. 83 iXam\hpw FÆ Cd°paXn sNøp∂C¥ysb t]msebp≈ cmPyßƒ°v Cu FÆ hne h¿≤\hvhenb {]XymLmXßƒ D≠m°pw. s]t{Smƒ Uok¬ hneh¿≤\hv aqew CXn\Iw Xs∂\ΩpsS cmPyØv km[\ßƒs°√mw hne h¿≤n°pIbmWv.Cu AhkcØn¬ X{¥]cambFÆ IcpX¬ tiJcap≈cmPyßƒ XßfpsS IcpX¬tiJcØn¬ \n∂v FÆ FSpØvCu Ipdhv ]cnlcn°Wsa∂vA¥mcmjv{Sm F\¿Pn GP≥kn( IEA)F√m cmPyßtfmSpwA`y¿∞n®ncn°bmWv. kv DuZnFÆ D¬]mZ\w ]gb tXmXn¬Db¿Ønsb¶nepw D¬]mZ\wIpd®Xns‚ BLmXw Zqchym]Iamb {]XnIcWamWv krjvSn°pI. ]cnlrXamIm≥ kabsaSp°pw. k¿tΔm]cn bp≤òjWn temI kºZvLS\tbbpw kam[m\sØbpw KpcpXcambn _m[n°pIbpw sNøpw.

B{IaWØn\v ]n∂n¬Cdms‚ IcßfmWv {]h¿Øn®sX∂v Atacn°bpw kDuZnbpw Bh¿Øn®p ]dbp∂p. CXvkw_‘n®v IqSpX¬ ImcyßƒN¿® sNøm≥ Atacn°≥ kvt‰‰vsk{I´dn ssa°v t]mw]ntbmkDuZnbpw bp F C bpwkμ¿in°pIbp≠mbn. Atacn°bpsS Cdm\pw ba\pw FXnscbp≈ D]tcm[w \nco£n®phcp∂ bp F≥ A[nIrX¿ CuBtcm]WsØ Ipdn®v At\zjn°p∂XmWv. Cdm\mWv CXn\v]n∂n¬ {]h¿Øn®sX∂Xn\vXßfpsS ]°¬ sXfnhpIƒDs≠∂v kDuZn {]Xntcm[hIvXmhv tIW¬ Xp¿°n A¬a¬°n h¿Øm ktΩf\Øn¬A h I m i s ∏ S p I b p ≠ m b n .kDuZnbpsS hS°v `mKØv\n∂mWv B{IaWap≠mbXv

AXpsIm≠v Cdm\mWv CXn\v]n∂n¬ F∂mWv kDuZnbpsShmZw. A{IaWßfn¬ am{Xw 113t]cmWv CXvhsc sIm√s∏´Xv.Awdt°m A{IaWØn¬ Xßƒ°v bmsXmcp ]¶pans√∂pwCdm≥ Bh¿Øn®p hyIvXam°n.AXn\nsS Atacn°bpsSt\XrXzØnep≈ A¥mcmj{Skap{Z KXmKX kpc£mkJyØn¬ kDuZn Atd_y]¶mfnbmbn. Atacn°°v ]pdta{_n´≥, Hmkvt{Senb, _lvssd≥F∂o cmPyßfpw CukJyØn¬ AwKßfmWv.t]¿jy≥ Dƒ°SeneqsSbp≈kap{Z k©mcØn\v kpc£\¬Im\mWv kJyw cq]oIcn®Xv.

sFIycmjv{S k`m ktΩf\Øn¬ ]s¶Sp°m≥ Atacn°bnseØnb l ≥ dqlm\nAtacn°≥ {]knU≠v {Sw]pambn IqSnImgv®bp≠mIpsa∂v]d™ncp∂p. Cdms\Xnscbp≈D]tcm[w ISp∏n®psIm≠p≈{Sw]ns‚ kao]\w am‰p∂Xv hscAt±lhpambn IqSn°mgv®°ns√∂v dqlm\n ]dbpIbp≠mbn.AXn\nS°v {Sw]ns\XnscAtacn°≥ tIm¨{K n¬Cw]o®v sNøm\p≈ ]pd∏mSnemWv Atacn°bnse Utam{Im‰pIƒ. CeIvj\n¬ Pbn°m≥hntZi cmPyamb D{Ibns‚klmbw tXSn kz¥w \mńseXncs™Sp∏v {]XntbmKnsbAgnaXnt°kn¬ IpSp°m≥{ian®p F∂mWv {Sw]ns\Xnscbp≈ ]pXnb Btcm]Ww.AXpsIm≠v dqlm\nbpambp≈IqSn°mgv®°p≈ km≤yX°vho≠pw aßte‰ncn°pIbmWv.

hnjbßfn¬ hntbmPn∏p≈ cmPyßƒ XΩn¬ kwL¿jwHgnhm°n ]ckv]cw t\´hpwkam[m\w ssIhcn°emWvcmjv{S X{¥⁄X. GXm\pw Znhkw apºv Cdms‚ t{Kkv˛ H∂vF∂ I∏¬ \nehn¬ bqtdm∏y≥

D]tcm[ap≈ kndnbbnte°v{IqUv Hmbn¬ sIm≠pt]mhp∂p F∂v Btcm]n®v {_´≥]nSn®psh®ncp∂p. kwKXnA\ymbhpw tlm¿apkv ISenSp°neqsSbp≈ kap{Z KXmKXØn¬ KpcpXcamb {]XymLmXap≠m°p∂XmsW∂pw I≠dn™ {_n´≥ Cdm\pambp≈\bX{¥ N¿®bneqsS I∏¬hn´psImSp°pIbp≠mbn. ]Icw{_nójv I∏¬ Cdms‚ Ikv‰Unbnembncp∂n´pw {_n´≥ Cdms‚I∏¬ hn´psImSp°pIbmWp≠mbXv. AXns\Xnsc Bhp∂X{XAtacn° {ian®p t\m°nbn´pw{_n´≥ I∏¬ hn´psImSpØp.AØcØn¬ kam[m\w kvYm]n°m\p≈ \bX{¥ kao]\ßƒ°v ]Icw cmPyßƒ XΩn¬XßfpsS akn¬ ]h¿ ImńFßs\ hntZzjhpw kwL¿jßfpw D≠m°mw F∂v KthjWw sNøpIbpw ]et∏mgpw HcpkvYncXbn√mØ tImamfnsbt∏mse s]cpamdpIbpamWvAtacn°≥ {]knU‚ v sNøp∂Xv. A{]Imcw _dmIv H_mabpwAtacn°bpsS kJyI£ncmPyßfpw tN¿∂v Cdm\pambp≠m°nb BWh Icmcn¬ \n∂vkJyI£nIsft]mepw Bi¶bnem°n Atacn° ]n∑mdnbXmWv Cdm\pambp≈ Ct∏mgp≈kwL¿jßfpsS XpS°w.CsX√mw Atacn° sNøp∂XvCkvdmtbens\ kt¥mjn∏n°m≥ th≠nbmsW∂mWv ]dbs∏Sp∂Xv. temIsØ G‰hpw iIvXamb cmPyamWv Atacn°.{Sw]ns\t∏mse N©e NnØ\pwtemIw BZcn°p∂ km¿Δ{XnIaqeyßƒ°v hneI¬∏n°mØbmfpamb Hcp `cWm[nImcnAtacn°≥ {]knU‚mbn hcptºmƒ AXv temI kam[m\sØXs∂ KpcpXcambn _m[n°p∂p.Atacn°≥ P\Xsb¶nepw At±lw A\ph¿Øn°p∂ \bßfpsS hn]Øv Xncn®dnbpamdmIs´.


_n®ntImbń kmln_vF∂v Rßsf√mw hnfn°p∂ FwsI Cºn®ntImbń 2019 sk]vXw_¿ 5˛mw XobXn h^mØmbn.C∂men√mln hC∂m CebvlndmPnbq≥. tImgnt°mSv PamAØns‚ DΩqsd Ba sk{I´dnbmbn Zo¿LImew {]h¿Øn®At±lw Imc∏dºv l¬JbpsS{]knU‚pw kwkvYm\ IΩn‰nbp≠mbncp∂ ImeØv AXn¬AwKhpambncp∂p. {]mtZinI˛Pn√m˛kwkvYm\ IΩn‰nIfn¬50 h¿jw At±lw {]h¿Øn°pIbp≠mbn. 1945 \hw_¿ 1 \vac°mw I≠n aΩZv ˛JZoPZºXnamcpsS aI\mbn At±lwP\n®p. 19˛mw hb n¬ tImgnt°mSv sNdqń tdmUn¬ kvt‰j\dn I®hSw sNbvXpsIm≠ncns°bmWv At±lw AlvaZnømPamAØpambn ]cnNbs∏Sp∂Xv. shØne°mń¬ sambvXo≥Ipń kmln_v kXyZqX≥

amknI hmbn°m≥ sImSp°pambncp∂p. ]n∂oSv sh≈bnsee¶≥ sambvXo≥ kmln_v ,sambvXpÆn kmln_v XpSßnbh¿ X_veoK v sNbvXXns\XpS¿∂v AlvaZnøØns‚ kXywt_m≤yamb At±lw 1964 ¬19˛mw hb n¬ ss_AØvsNøpIbp≠mbn. IpSpw_°mcmb bYmkvYnXnI kp∂nIfn¬\n∂pw \m´pImcn¬ \n∂pwhºn® FXn¿∏pIfmWv At±lwt\cn´Xv. ]n∂oSv h[ òjWnhsc D≠mbt∏mƒ At±lwXmakw Zmdp emw ]≈nbnte°vam‰pIbp≠mbn. 1972 ¬ hnhmlnX\msb¶nepw IpSpw_w At±lØns\Xnsc _lnj°cWwXpScpIbmWp≠mbXv. AXpsIm≠v hc\mbn Zmdp ew ]≈nbn¬\n∂mWv At±lw ]pds∏´Xv.

2001 G{]n¬ apX¬ 2010Unkw_¿ hsc AlvaZnømPamAØns‚ apJ]{XambkXyZqXs‚ amt\Pdmbn _n®ntImbń kmln_v tkh\a\pjvTn°pIbp≠mbn. At±lØns‚ ImeØmWv kXyZqX\vG‰hpw IqSpX¬ k¿°ptej≥D≠mbXv F∂ Imcyw {]tXyIw{]kvXmhyamWv . AXn\mbnAt±lw Nne ]pXnb hgnIfpwIs≠Ønbncp∂p. tImgnt°ms´Zmdp emw, ss_Øp¬ Jp±qkv,tImhq¿ anj≥ lukv F∂nhbpsS \n¿ΩmWØn¬ kPohkm∂n≤yambncp∂p At±lw.IqSmsX tIcfØnse hnhn[]≈n \n¿ΩmWØn¬ kPohkm∂n[yambncp∂p. [\kamlcWØnepw a‰p klmb klIcW Imcyßfnepw At±lw

Du¿÷kze\mbn {]h¿Øn®p.amtØm´w ]≈nbpsS sIńSwhmßp∂Xnepw At±lØns‚hfsctbsd ]cn{iaaap≠mbn.a‰p PohImcpWy]camb {]h¿Ø\Ønepw At±lw ap≥]¥nbnembncp∂p. Xmt\s‰SpØtPmenIƒ BXvam¿∞ambnkz¥w Imcyw t]mse sNøpIF∂XmWv At±lØns‚ coXn.sNdp∏Øn¬ Xs∂ PamAØn¬h∂Xv ImcWw At±lØn\vtIcfØnse Hmtcm AlvaZntbbpw hyIvXn]cambn Adnbmambncp∂p. Cu _‘w tIcfØn¬hfsctbtd t]¿°v hnhml_‘Øn\pw PohImcpWy{]h¿Ø\ßƒ°pw th≠nAt±lw D]tbmKs∏SpØn.PamØns\ BXvam¿∞ambntkhn°p∂Xnepw tI{μ{]Xn\n[nIsf tkhn°p∂XnepwkwkvYm\ Aaodmbncp∂ F. ]nIp™map kmln_n\pw ]n∂oSvPn√m Aaodmbncp∂ Fw FaplΩZv kmln_v AlvaZv tImbmkmln_v F∂nh¿°pw HcpssIXmßmbncp∂p At±lw.aqknbmbncp∂ At±lsØJmZnbm\nse _nlvivXnaJv_dbnemWv AS°w sNbvXXv.tImgnt°mS v PamAØns‚Ncn{Xw At±lØn\v \∂mbnAdnbmambncp∂p. kpJan√msXInS∂t∏mgpw £abpw kvYncNnØXbpw At±lw {]ISn∏n°pIbp≠mbn. A√mlp At±lØn\v P∂Øpw aAv^ndØpw\¬In A\p{Kln°pamdmIs´.]tcXt\mSv A√mlp ImcpWytØmsS s]cpamdpIbpw At±lØns‚ kvYm\w Db¿ØpIbpwsNøpamdmIs´. (Bao≥)

`mcy: Bbni _n. kn. sI,a°ƒ: apk^¿ AlvaZv, ap_»nd,apk±nIv AlvaZv, aplvkn\acpa°ƒ: \u^¬ AlvaZ v ,d^nbp±o≥ Sn, iô\, tciva

Fw. sI. Cºn®ntImb n

kmln_v

tUm. kn. kemlp±o≥

A\pkvacWw


Fs‚ PamAØv {]h¿Ø\Øns‚ XpS°w apX¬ F√mL´ßfnepw Ft∂mSv ASpØkulrZhpw kvt\lhpw ]I¿∂vX∂ Hcp henb a\pjy\mbncp∂p _n®n tImbń F∂ sNdnba\pjy≥. hrØnbnepw shSn∏nepw \nivI¿j D≠mbncp∂At±lw shfpØ ap≠pw …m°vj¿´pw [cn®v kvam¿´mbn Kuch`mhØn¬ PamAØns‚ {]h¿Ø\ßfn¬ HmSn®mSn \S∂ncp∂cwKßƒ Fs∂t∂°pap≈Hm¿ΩIfmbn amdn. t]mcmbvatbbpw IpdhpIsfbpw Ipdn°vsIm≈p∂ hna¿i\tØmsSIΩn‰ntbmKßfn¬ At±lw\nd™p \n∂ncp∂p. Rm≥^kse Da¿ t_m¿Uns‚sNb¿am\mbncp∂ ImeØvD]tZi \n¿t±ißƒ \¬IpIbpw ]et∏mgmbn {]h¿Ø\Øn¬ hcp∂ t]mcmbvaIƒAt±lw apJw t\m°msXhna¿in°pIbpw sNbvXncp∂p.BZyImesØ kwkvYm\IΩn‰nIfnsebpw ]n∂oSp≠mbAao¿ IΩn‰nIfnsebpw kPohkm∂n≤yambncp∂p _n®ntImbń kmln_v. tIcfØnse hnhn[PamAØpIfn¬ At±lhpsamØv IΩn‰n AwKßfmb Rßƒ\SØnb bm{XIfn¬ At±lØns‚ kwkmcØnep≠mb\¿Ω ckw Hm¿°phm≥ kpJwtXm∂p∂p. auem\m A_vZp√mkmln_pw (dlv) tImgnt°mSpambn _‘s∏´ ]e IYIfpwtI´Xv _n®ntImbń kmln_n¬\n∂mbncp∂p. tImgnt°mS v

PamAØnse {]apJcmb ]ecpwAØcw IYIfn¬ IYm]m{Xßfmbncp∂p. kwkvYm\Aao¿amcmbncp∂ tUm. a≥kq¿AlvaZv kmln_v, P\m_v F. ]n.Ip™map kmln_v F∂nhcpsSIognep≈ IΩn‰nIfn¬ At±ltØmsSm∏w {]h¿Øn°m≥km[n®p. RßfpsS IpSpw_ktaXap≈ Dwdbm{XbpwknwK∏q¿ bm{Xbpw Pn± PamAØv kμ¿i\hpsa√mw a[pcn°p∂ Hm¿aIfmbn Ahtijn°p∂p. A√mlp At±lØn\vP∂Øpw aKv^ndØpw \¬InA\p{Kln°s´.

Hm¿aIfnse Cºn®ntImb n

kmln_v Icp\mK∏≈n: Icp\mK∏≈nbn¬\n∂v H∂maXmbn ss_AØvsNbvX (1938) XncphnXmwIq¿AlvaZnøm apkvenw PamAØns‚ kvYm]ImwKamb a¿lqwaplΩZv bqkp^v kmln_vFwF, _nF¬ Ah¿IfpsSkl[¿ΩnWn k^nbm bqkp^vkmln_ FwF, _n ‰n (90) Pq¨25 -˛mw XobXn h^mØmbn.(C∂men√mln........) hnZym`ymkhIp∏n¬ sslkvIqƒ slUvankv{S mbpw FUypt°j≥Hmôkdmbpw tkh\a\pjvTn®n´p≠v. ]Ø\wØn´bnse Hcp]pcmX\ apkvenw kønZ vIpSpw_amb ss_Øp¬Aenbnse a¿lqw Aenbm¿kmln_ns‚ aqØ aIfmbncp∂p]tcX. a¿lqw aplΩZv bqkp^vkmln_ns\ hnhmlw Ign®tijw 1953emWv ss_AØvsNbvXXv. A√mlp ]tcX°vP∂Øpw aKv^ndØpw \¬InA\p{Kln°pamdmIs´.a°ƒ : jloZv AlvaZv, apwXmkvbqkp^v.

F. A_vZp¬ djoZv

k^nbm bqkp v

kmln_

amtØm´w PamAØv AwKw Fw]n \uimZv Aen (50) 19˛9˛2019 \vh^mØmbn C∂m en√mlnhC∂m Cebvln dmPnbq≥. Xs‚tPyjvT≥ PamAØn¬ {]thin®Xv Adn™v At±lsØ

\uimZv Aen

kmln_v

bp. a≥kq¿, IqSmfn

]n¥ncn∏n°m≥ th≠n ]cn{ian°p∂Xn\nSbn¬ PamAØns‚kXyXbn¬ BIrjvS\mb\uimZv kmln_v DS≥ PamAØn¬ {]thin°pIbmbncp∂p.PamAØns\ At±lw AXnbmbn kvt\ln°pIbpw tkhn°pIbpw sNbvXncp∂p `mcyam¿: kmlnd ]n, dlnbm\Øv sI.sI. a°ƒ: k^vhm≥,ilZnb, \_o¬ AlvaZv \mkneadnbw, aplΩZv dmjnZv, C{am≥AlvaZ v . ]tcX\v A√mlpP∂Øpw aKv^ndØpw \¬InA\p{Kln°s´.

ju°Øv, amtØm´w

A\pkvacWw


aPvenkv Jp±map¬ AlvaZnøm ]me°mSv ˛ Xriq¿ Pn√m CPvXnaImht»cn AlvaZnøm akvPnZn¬ Pn√m Aao¿ F®v. kpsseam≥kmln_v DZvLmS\w sNbvXp. Pn√m JmCZv Fw. kpss_¿ AlvaZvkmln_v A≤y£X hln®p. auehn sI. A_vZp emw (Pn√mC≥Nm¿Pv), Fw. A_vZp¬ _jo¿ (Pn√m \mknw) XpSßnbh¿{]kwKn®p.

aPvenkv Jp±map¬ AlvaZnøm FdWmIpfw Pn√m CPvXna sFcm]pcwAlvaZnøm akvPnZn¬ Pn√m Aao¿ Sn.sI. A_q_°¿ kmln_vDZvLmS\w sNbvXp. Pn√m JmCZv dnbmkv ^n¿Zukv kmln_vA≤y£X hln®p. amen°v Aao≥ kmln_v (Pn√m \mknw), auehnkn.F≥. Xmln¿ kmln_v (Pn√m ap_√nKv C≥Nm¿Pv), aΩq™vkmln_v (Pn√m \mbn_v Aao¿) XpSßnbh¿ {]kwKn®p.

hm¿ØIƒ

]dbpambncp∂p FSm mKyhms\`mKyw sI´h\mbnt∏mIcpXvtIt´m. lJow \qdp±o≥ kmln_pw Jp¿B\pw ^nJvlns‚ Nne{KŸßfpw Xs‚ amXmhn¬\n∂p Xt∂bmWp BZyw]Tn®ncp∂Xv.

Xs‚ amXmhns\ Ipdn®plZvdØv \qdp±o≥ kmln_vXpS¿∂p hnhcn°pIbmWv,a‰p≈h¿°v Fs‚ amXmhnt\mSp≠mbncp∂ `‡nbpw_lpam\mZchpw \nanØw Ah¿Fs‚ amXmhnt\mSv XßfpsSa°sf apebq´m≥ B{Klw{]IS n∏ n°md p≠mb nc p∂p .AXpImcWw Rßƒ°papeIpSn_‘Ønep≈ [mcmfwktlmZco ktlmZc∑mcp≠v. DΩJp¿B≥ HmXns°m≠v ]eKl\hpw hfsc A¿∞hØmbXpamb Imcyßƒ hnhcn°mdp≠v. DΩ s]mXphn¬ ]dbmdp≈Hcp Imcyw Rm≥ Ft∏mgpwHm¿°mdp≠v. DΩ ]dbpambncp∂p, \nßƒ GXp{]ImcwA√mlphns\ A\pkcn°pIbpw Aht\mSv ]cn]q¿ÆambpwIog vhW°w ImWn°pIbpwsNøptam A√mlphpw AX\pkcn®p≈ A\p{KlhpwImcpWyhpambncn°pw \nßƒ°pw {]Zm\w sNøp∂Xv .AXpt]mse \nßƒ A√mlphnt\mSp ImWn°p∂ [n°mcw GXvcq]Ønembncn°ptam Ahs‚in£bpw AXpt]mse Xs∂bmbncn°pw. (XpScpw)

IS∏mSv & Ahew_w1-. lbmsØ \q¿ by auem\m A_vZp¬JmZ¿ kmln_v skuZmK¿ a¬. d_vhm2. an¿JmØp¬ bJo≥ ^o lbmXn\qdp±o≥, AIv_¿ imlv Jm≥kmln_v. \Po_m_mZn.3. lZvdØv auehn \qdp±o≥ kmln_v (Cw•ojv). lZvdØv k¿ aplΩZvk^dp√mlv Jm≥ kmln_v (d)4. A¬ ^kv¬, DdpZp Zn\]{X ßƒd_vhm.

t]Pv 22 ¬ \n∂v XpS¿®

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