$VVHVVLQJ SHWURFKHPLFDO H °XHQWV XVLQJ PHVRFRVPV · 23rd SETAC Europe Annual Meeting, 12-16 May...
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Print CSTJF Solutions imprimées - X001 - 33 (0)5 59 83 50 50 - TOTAL S.A. - © TOTAL - 05/2013 $VVHVVLQJ SHWURFKHPLFDO HưXHQWV XVLQJ PHVRFRVPV understanding the biological responses Kevin Cailleaud a , Anne Bassères a , Patrick Baldoni-Andrey a , Klaas Den Haan b Miriam Leon Paumen c , Mike Comber d , Andy Girling e and Graham Whale f a: Pôle d’études et de Recherche de Lacq, TOTAL, RN 117 BP47 64170 Lacq, France b: CONCAWE, The European Oil Companies’ Association for Environment, Health and Safety in Refining and Distribution, Boulevard du Souverain 165, B-1160 Brussels, Belgium c: ExxonMobil Petroleum and Chemical. Hermeslaan 2, 1831 Machelen, Belgium d: Mike Comber Consulting, Wheal Augusta, Bridford, Exeter, EX6 7LD, UK e: Consultant, Canterbury, CT4 8JT, UK f: SHELL Technology Centre, Thornton, P.O. Box 1, Chester CH1 3SH, UK REFERENCES Cailleaud, K., et al., 2013, Assessing petrochemical effluents using mesocsoms - Designing large scale experiments, SETAC Glascow Comber, M., et al., 2013c, Assessing petrochemical effluents using mesocosms: Comparison of predicted toxicity and laboratory and mesocosm measured toxicity of petrochemical effluents, SETAC Glasgow Leslie, H., et al., 2005, Prioritization in WEA : Screening whole effluents using solid-phase microextraction. SETAC Lille Lenat, D. R., and D. L. Penrose. 1996. History of the EPT taxa richness metric. Bulletin North NorthAmerican Benthological Society 13: 305-307. INTRODUCTION The data described in this poster are derived from a project jointly organised by TOTAL and CONCAWE. The project was designed to determine whether Whole Effluent Toxicity (WET) data obtained from laboratory tests and assessments can be used to predict effects in outdoor artificial stream mesocosms. The project was undertaken in three successive stages which were 1) experimental design and feasibility assessment; 2) understanding the biological responses in effluents and mesocosms and 3) comparing predicted, laboratory and mesocosm effects. In this, the second of three posters, the biological data obtained from the mesocosm experiments is described. Data are presented on benthic invertebrate abundance and bio- diversity, diatom abundance and biodiversity, chlorophyll concentration. Results from short-term (acute) invertebrate (Daphnia magna) and bacteria (Microtox) and longer-term (chronic) green algae (Pseudokirchneriellia subcapitata) bioassays conducted on samples of the unfortified and fortified effluent samples collected from the flexible storage tanks over the treat- ment period are also described. The other two stages of the project are described in Cailleaud et al. (2013) and Comber et al. (2013). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS - - - - - Bacteria μalgae Invertebrates Site A effluent Site C effluent + Kerosene Site B effluent + Diesel Site A effluent Site C effluent + Kerosene Site B effluent + Diesel Site A effluent Site C effluent + Kerosene Site B effluent + Diesel Bioassays Acute Non toxic toxic toxic - - - Non toxic No effect No effect Chronic - - - Non toxic Non toxic Slightly toxic Non toxic Slightly toxic toxic Ecological indicators Acute No effect Low effect observed Low effect observed No effect Low effect observed Low effect observed No effect No significant effect No significant effect Chronic No effect Low effect observed Low effect observed No effect Low effect observed effect observed No effect effect observed effect observed 0 50 100 150 200 0 7 14 21 49 % (vs control group) Days Relative EPT index ctrl Site A effluent Site B effluent + Diesel Site C effluent + Kerosene 0 50 100 150 0 7 14 21 49 % (vs control group) Days Relative French IBGN index ctrl Site A effluent Site B effluent + Diesel Site C effluent + Kerosene -0,5 0,0 0,5 1,0 1,5 2,0 2,5 0 10 20 30 40 50 Canonical coefficient Days Ctrl Site A effluent Site B effluent + Diesel Site C effluent + Kerosene Site B effluent + Diesel Site C effluent + Kerosene Site A effluent Exposure phase Restoration phase Exposure phase Restoration phase Coefficient of variation of the control streams Laboratory toxicity studies of whole effluents (WET) 15/30 min Microtox acute toxicity 24 h Daphnia magna acute toxicity 72 h Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata chronic toxicity Ecosystem studies of effluents in the streams Statistical multivariate analysis of diatoms and benthic invertebrate using CANOCO software (Principal Response Curve) Ecological indices based on biodiversity and abundances (French IBGN, Ephemeroptera-Plecoptera-Trichoptera (EPT, Lenat & Penrose 1996) index for benthic invertebrates, and IBD for diatoms) Flexible tanks Experimental Design PRC for benthic invertebrates (CANOCO) P=0.081 <0.1 *** *** *** *** Chemical analyses in the streams TPH analyses PBS analyses using solid phase micro-extraction (SPME) (Leslie et al . 2005) 2D-GC analyses (not presented in the poster) Stream mesocosms fed continuously with natural water from the Gave de Pau River Gave de Pau River Nursery Artificial streams Benthic invertebrate trap Aquatic plants The following biological and chemical analyses were performed during the experiment: Exposure phase Restoration phase 0 20 40 60 80 100 T0 T7 T14 T21 Toxic Unit (100/EC50) Days Toxicity in the flexible storage tanks - Microtox Site A 1 effluent Site A 2 effluent Site B 1 effluent + Diesel Site B 2 effluent + Diesel Site C 1 effluent + Kerosene Site C 2 effluent + Kerosene 0 5 10 15 20 T0 T21 Toxic Unit (100/NOEC) Days Toxicity in the flexible storage tanks - Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata Site A 1 effluent Site A 2 effluent Site B 1 effluent + Diesel Site B 2 effluent + Diesel Site C 1 effluent + Kerosene Site C 2 effluent + Kerosene 0 2 4 6 T0 T21 Toxic Unit (100/LC50) Days Toxicity in the flexible storage tanks - Daphnia magna Site A 1 effluent Site A 2 effluent Site B A effluent + Diesel Site B effluent + diesel Site C 1 effluent + Kerosene Site C 2 effluent + Kerosene
Transcript of $VVHVVLQJ SHWURFKHPLFDO H °XHQWV XVLQJ PHVRFRVPV · 23rd SETAC Europe Annual Meeting, 12-16 May...
Prin
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understanding the biological responses
Kevin Cailleauda, Anne Bassèresa, Patrick Baldoni-Andreya, Klaas Den Haanb Miriam Leon Paumenc, Mike Comberd, Andy Girlinge and Graham Whalef
a: Pôle d’études et de Recherche de Lacq, TOTAL, RN 117 BP47 64170 Lacq, Franceb: CONCAWE, The European Oil Companies’ Association for Environment, Health and Safety in Refining and Distribution, Boulevard du Souverain 165, B-1160 Brussels, Belgiumc: ExxonMobil Petroleum and Chemical. Hermeslaan 2, 1831 Machelen, Belgiumd: Mike Comber Consulting, Wheal Augusta, Bridford, Exeter, EX6 7LD, UKe: Consultant, Canterbury, CT4 8JT, UK f: SHELL Technology Centre, Thornton, P.O. Box 1, Chester CH1 3SH, UK
REFERENCESCailleaud, K., et al., 2013, Assessing petrochemical effluents using mesocsoms - Designing large scale experiments, SETAC Glascow
Comber, M., et al., 2013c, Assessing petrochemical effluents using mesocosms: Comparison of predicted toxicity and laboratory and mesocosm measured toxicity of petrochemical effluents, SETAC Glasgow
Leslie, H., et al., 2005, Prioritization in WEA : Screening whole effluents using solid-phase microextraction. SETAC Lille
Lenat, D. R., and D. L. Penrose. 1996. History of the EPT taxa richness metric. Bulletin North NorthAmerican Benthological Society 13: 305-307.
INTRODUCTION The data described in this poster are derived from a project jointly organised by TOTAL and CONCAWE. The project was designed to determine whether Whole Effluent Toxicity (WET) data obtained from laboratory tests and assessments can be used to predict effects in outdoor artificial stream mesocosms. The project was undertaken in three successive stages which were 1) experimental design and feasibility assessment; 2) understanding the biological responses in effluents and mesocosms and 3) comparing predicted, laboratory and mesocosm effects. In this, the second of three posters, the biological data obtained from the mesocosm experiments is described. Data are presented on benthic invertebrate abundance and bio-diversity, diatom abundance and biodiversity, chlorophyll concentration. Results from short-term (acute) invertebrate (Daphnia magna) and bacteria (Microtox) and longer-term (chronic) green algae (Pseudokirchneriellia subcapitata) bioassays conducted on samples of the unfortified and fortified effluent samples collected from the flexible storage tanks over the treat-ment period are also described. The other two stages of the project are described in Cailleaud et al. (2013) and Comber et al. (2013).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS
--
-
--
Bacteria μalgae Invertebrates
Site A effluent
Site C effluent
+ Kerosene
Site B effluent+ Diesel
Site A effluent
Site C effluent
+ Kerosene
Site B effluent+ Diesel
Site A effluent
Site C effluent
+ Kerosene
Site B effluent+ Diesel
Bioa
ssay
s
Acute
Non toxic toxic toxic - - - Non toxic No effect No effect
Chronic
- - - Non toxic Non toxic Slightly toxic Non toxic Slightly toxic toxic
Ecol
ogic
alin
dica
tors
Acute
No effect Low effectobserved
Low effectobserved No effect Low effect
observedLow effectobserved No effect No significant
effectNo significant
effect
Chronic
No effect Low effectobserved
Low effectobserved No effect Low effect
observedeffect
observed No effect effectobserved
effectobserved
0
50
100
150
200
0 7 14 21 49
% (v
s con
trol
gro
up)
Days
Relative EPT index
ctrl Site A effluent Site B effluent + Diesel Site C effluent + Kerosene
0
50
100
150
0 7 14 21 49
% (v
s con
trol
gro
up)
Days
Relative French IBGN index
ctrl Site A effluent Site B effluent + Diesel Site C effluent + Kerosene
-0,5
0,0
0,5
1,0
1,5
2,0
2,5
0 10 20 30 40 50
Can
onic
al c
oeffi
cien
t
Days
Ctrl Site A ef f luent
Site B ef f luent + Diesel Site C ef f luent + Kerosene
Site B effluent + Diesel
Site C effluent + Kerosene
Site A effluent
Exposure phase Restoration phase Exposure phase Restoration phase
Coefficient of variation of the control streams
Laboratory toxicity studies of whole effluents (WET)15/30 min Microtox acute toxicity24 h Daphnia magna acute toxicity72 h Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata chronic toxicity
Ecosystem studies of effluents in the streamsStatistical multivariate analysis of diatoms and benthic invertebrate using
CANOCO software (Principal Response Curve)Ecological indices based on biodiversity and abundances (French IBGN,
Ephemeroptera-Plecoptera-Trichoptera (EPT, Lenat & Penrose 1996) index forbenthic invertebrates, and IBD for diatoms)
Flexible tanksExperimental Design
PRC for benthic invertebrates (CANOCO)
P=0.081 <0.1
*** ****** ***
Chemical analyses in the streamsTPH analyses PBS analyses using solid phase micro-extraction (SPME) (Leslie et al. 2005)2D-GC analyses (not presented in the poster)
Stream mesocosms fed continuously with natural water from the Gave de Pau River
Gave de Pau RiverNursery
Artificial streams
Benthic invertebrate trap
Aquatic plants
The following biological and chemical analyses were performed during theexperiment:
Exposure phase Restoration phase
0
20
40
60
80
100
T0 T7 T14 T21
Toxi
c Uni
t (10
0/EC
50)
Days
Toxicity in the flexible storage tanks - Microtox
Site A 1 effluent Site A 2 effluent Site B 1 effluent + Diesel
Site B 2 effluent + Diesel Site C 1 effluent + Kerosene Site C 2 effluent + Kerosene
0
5
10
15
20
T0 T21
Toxi
c Uni
t (10
0/N
OEC
)
Days
Toxicity in the flexible storage tanks - Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata
Site A 1 effluent Site A 2 effluent Site B 1 effluent + Diesel
Site B 2 effluent + Diesel Site C 1 effluent + Kerosene Site C 2 effluent + Kerosene
0
2
4
6
T0 T21To
xic U
nit
(100
/LC5
0)
Days
Toxicity in the flexible storage tanks - Daphnia magna
Site A 1 effluent Site A 2 effluent Site B A effluent + Diesel
Site B effluent + diesel Site C 1 effluent + Kerosene Site C 2 effluent + Kerosene
J0279396
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23rd SETAC Europe Annual Meeting, 12-16 May 2013, Glasgow
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