VUCIROVUCIRO33

A Balloon Project by:A Balloon Project by:

Team TartiveTeam Tartive

Group MembersGroup Members

Christopher Zanca:Christopher Zanca: Project ManagementProject Management SoftwareSoftware Electrical DesignElectrical DesignRachael Drella:Rachael Drella: Science and Software Science and Software Daniel Bryant:Daniel Bryant: Payload Design and ConstructionPayload Design and ConstructionDaniel Kirkland:Daniel Kirkland: Construction and Thermal DesignConstruction and Thermal Design

Table of ContentsTable of Contents ObjectivesObjectives ScienceScience DesignDesign Ozone SensorOzone Sensor UV-c SensorUV-c Sensor Box DesignBox Design Thermal DesignThermal Design Principle of OperationPrinciple of Operation Payload DevelopmentPayload Development TestingTesting Cold TestingCold Testing Vacuum TestingVacuum Testing Flight PreparationsFlight Preparations Flight Requirements and OperationsFlight Requirements and Operations Data Acquisition and Analysis PlanData Acquisition and Analysis Plan Work Break Down StructureWork Break Down Structure Timeline and MilestonesTimeline and Milestones

ObjectivesObjectives

To set up ozone and UV-c sensors to To set up ozone and UV-c sensors to determine if UV-c exists prior to the determine if UV-c exists prior to the ozone layer of the Earth’s ozone layer of the Earth’s atmosphereatmosphere

To accurately measure aspects of the To accurately measure aspects of the green house effect and global green house effect and global warmingwarming

Science GoalsScience Goals In the atmosphere, one ozone molecule is among ten In the atmosphere, one ozone molecule is among ten

million other molecules. Most of the ozone (90%) resides in million other molecules. Most of the ozone (90%) resides in the stratosphere, which is 10 kilometers above Earth. The the stratosphere, which is 10 kilometers above Earth. The other 10% resides in the troposphere. In the Stratosphere, other 10% resides in the troposphere. In the Stratosphere, ozone absorbs UV light. Ozone then releases heat from the ozone absorbs UV light. Ozone then releases heat from the energy gained from the radiation.energy gained from the radiation.

The wavelength of UV radiation is 1-380 nanometers, The wavelength of UV radiation is 1-380 nanometers, shorter than that of visible light and longer than X-rays. It shorter than that of visible light and longer than X-rays. It is further divided into three types: UV-A, UV-B, and UV-C. is further divided into three types: UV-A, UV-B, and UV-C. UV-A and, to a much lesser extent, UV-B penetrate the UV-A and, to a much lesser extent, UV-B penetrate the ozone layer while UV-C rays are completely absorbed by ozone layer while UV-C rays are completely absorbed by ozone and by normal diatomic oxygen molecules, luck for ozone and by normal diatomic oxygen molecules, luck for us considering that UV-C is deadly. Of course the health us considering that UV-C is deadly. Of course the health risks and benefits of exposure to all ultraviolet radiation are risks and benefits of exposure to all ultraviolet radiation are well documented but UV-C is by far the most harmful. It is well documented but UV-C is by far the most harmful. It is because of these unique properties of UV-C that we have a because of these unique properties of UV-C that we have a propose to measure it.propose to measure it.

DesignDesign

The major components of our payload The major components of our payload include an ozone sensor, a UV-C include an ozone sensor, a UV-C sensor, protection against climate sensor, protection against climate (foam padding), and a circuit board, (foam padding), and a circuit board, which will collect data.which will collect data.

Ozone SensorOzone Sensor

From Eco sensors.From Eco sensors.

cost: $299.99cost: $299.99

UV-c SensorUV-c Sensor

No picture availableNo picture available

From Boston From Boston ElectronicsElectronics

Cost: $35Cost: $35

Box DesignBox Design

Bottom of Box Side of Box

Remaining sides of Box

Thermal DesignThermal Design

Being that our sensors are projected to be exposed to Being that our sensors are projected to be exposed to temperatures as low as -60(degrees) Fahrenheit, certain temperatures as low as -60(degrees) Fahrenheit, certain modifications for the thermal insulation and calibration will modifications for the thermal insulation and calibration will have to be instituted to insure proper data collection. Our have to be instituted to insure proper data collection. Our foam particle board construction material for the outer foam particle board construction material for the outer payload walls affords us some insulation, so heating pads payload walls affords us some insulation, so heating pads that have been manufactured to specifications for use as that have been manufactured to specifications for use as hand warmers will be used to maintain an approximately hand warmers will be used to maintain an approximately constant temperature range. Also because each of our constant temperature range. Also because each of our sensors has to be mounted externally for accurate data sensors has to be mounted externally for accurate data acquisition, we will place the heating pads between our acquisition, we will place the heating pads between our inner and outer boxes so that the heat can be as close to inner and outer boxes so that the heat can be as close to the sensors that so desperately need the higher the sensors that so desperately need the higher temperatures to accurately operate.temperatures to accurately operate.

Principle of OperationPrinciple of Operation

The payload will measure ozone at set intervals of The payload will measure ozone at set intervals of time in Seconds The payload will also measure time in Seconds The payload will also measure the amount of UV-C rays coming through the the amount of UV-C rays coming through the ozone at set intervals of time in seconds.ozone at set intervals of time in seconds.

All sensors will be placed on the outside of the All sensors will be placed on the outside of the payload box to properly measure ozone and UV-C payload box to properly measure ozone and UV-C rays. Also, a circuit board with a data logging rays. Also, a circuit board with a data logging system installed will be connected to the sensors. system installed will be connected to the sensors. Once the box returns, the data will then be Once the box returns, the data will then be transferred onto a computer where a graph of the transferred onto a computer where a graph of the measurements will be created using the data that measurements will be created using the data that is displayed.is displayed.

Payload DevelopmentPayload Development

With the outside box already constructed, the team made With the outside box already constructed, the team made necessary modifications to it in order to account for the necessary modifications to it in order to account for the sensors. For instance, the UV sensor needed to access the sensors. For instance, the UV sensor needed to access the sunlight as did the ozone sensor need exposure to the sunlight as did the ozone sensor need exposure to the outside air. To allow the UV sensor to gather light, and outside air. To allow the UV sensor to gather light, and keep it within its operating temperature range, we are keep it within its operating temperature range, we are going to place a heating pad near to the sensor. There will going to place a heating pad near to the sensor. There will be a hole in the box where the UV-c sensor will be placed. be a hole in the box where the UV-c sensor will be placed. The hole will be just big enough for the top of the UV-c The hole will be just big enough for the top of the UV-c sensor to be exposed to the outside light. The Ozone sensor to be exposed to the outside light. The Ozone sensor will also have a hole in the box just big enough for sensor will also have a hole in the box just big enough for the sensor. Calibrations for the ADC were required due to the sensor. Calibrations for the ADC were required due to the range of voltage output from the UV-c sensor. Using a the range of voltage output from the UV-c sensor. Using a 741 op amp as a buffer and a amp to help buff the signal as 741 op amp as a buffer and a amp to help buff the signal as well as make it stronger so that the ADC will be able to well as make it stronger so that the ADC will be able to accurately read the voltage coming form the sensor. accurately read the voltage coming form the sensor.

TestingTesting

Cold TestCold Test Vacuum TestVacuum Test

Cold TestingCold Testing We cold tested the We cold tested the

Batteries and the Batteries and the Ozone sensor to Ozone sensor to ensure that they both ensure that they both worked at the low worked at the low temperatures.temperatures.

Our tests showed that Our tests showed that both the ozone sensor, both the ozone sensor, UV-c sensor and UV-c sensor and Batteries worked at Batteries worked at the low temperatures the low temperatures we are expecting.we are expecting.

Inside the Box

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Outside the Box

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Vacuum TestVacuum Test

The vacuum test The vacuum test was to ensure that was to ensure that the seals on the the seals on the payload, and the payload, and the sensors does not sensors does not default, or fail.default, or fail.

Flight PreparationsFlight Preparations

The only necessary actions taken to The only necessary actions taken to prepare for launch will be:prepare for launch will be:

Attach Sensor’s Leads to SocketsAttach Sensor’s Leads to Sockets Start ProgramStart Program Activate Hand WarmersActivate Hand Warmers Close and Seal the boxClose and Seal the box Attach to the BalloonAttach to the Balloon

Flight Requirements and Flight Requirements and OperationsOperations

The requirements that will ensure a The requirements that will ensure a successful flight will include all successful flight will include all components staying within their components staying within their respective operating temperatures, respective operating temperatures, the battery constantly producing the the battery constantly producing the needed power for the software run needed power for the software run and the sensors to be operational, and the sensors to be operational, and the data of time vs. altitude and and the data of time vs. altitude and time vs. temperature time vs. temperature

Data Acquisition and Analysis PlanData Acquisition and Analysis Plan

All data from the flight will be recorded on the EEPROM chip All data from the flight will be recorded on the EEPROM chip that will be located on the main Balloon Sat circuit board. that will be located on the main Balloon Sat circuit board. Care has been taken to ensure that the EEPROM is Care has been taken to ensure that the EEPROM is sufficient for this job. Because all data is stored inside the sufficient for this job. Because all data is stored inside the payload it self, the payload will have to be recovered after payload it self, the payload will have to be recovered after the flight is completed. The balloon sat circuit board will be the flight is completed. The balloon sat circuit board will be connected via a serial connector to a laptop. The Basic connected via a serial connector to a laptop. The Basic Stamp program will be run, and then power will be supplied Stamp program will be run, and then power will be supplied to the balloon sat circuit board. Doing the data recovery in to the balloon sat circuit board. Doing the data recovery in this order will ensure that the program doesn’t rerun after this order will ensure that the program doesn’t rerun after power is supplied and write over existing data. A program power is supplied and write over existing data. A program the reads the data to the debug screen will be run after all the reads the data to the debug screen will be run after all components are connected. After all data is displayed on components are connected. After all data is displayed on the debug screen it will be highlighted and copied to a text the debug screen it will be highlighted and copied to a text file. From the text file the data will be sorted in Excel and file. From the text file the data will be sorted in Excel and the resulting graphs will be produced. These graphs the resulting graphs will be produced. These graphs include: Altitude vs. Ozone, Altitude vs. UV-c, and Ozone include: Altitude vs. Ozone, Altitude vs. UV-c, and Ozone vs. UV-c.vs. UV-c.

Work Break Down StructureWork Break Down Structure1. Management

1.1 Project Management CZ

1.2 Schedule Management CZ

1.3 Parts RD

1.4 Construction DK

1.5 Electronics CZ

1.6 Documents CZ

1.7 Feasibility CZ

2. Science

2.1 Research Background RD DK DB CZ

2.2 Research Available Data DB DK

3. Electronics

3.1 Circuit Board Interface CZ

3.1.1 Sensor Interfacing DB

3.1.2 EEPROM and Data Control CZ

3.1.3 Power CZ

3.2 Sensor Testing DB

4. Construction

4.1 Box Construction DK DB

5. Testing

5.1 Impact Test CZ

5.2 Sensor Test/ Temperature and Function CZ DBDK RD

5.3 Vacuum Test CZ

5.4 Power Test CZ

5.5 Software Test RD CZ

6. Data Analysis

6.1 Data Retrieval RD

6.2 Elucidate RD

7. Presentation CZ RD DK

Timeline and MilestonesTimeline and Milestones TaskTask StatusStatus Box Construction:Box Construction: CompleteComplete Board Construction:Board Construction: CompleteComplete Sensor Acquisition:Sensor Acquisition: CompleteComplete Write Flight Software:Write Flight Software: Complete Complete Software Debug/test:Software Debug/test: CompleteComplete Interface Sensors w/ Board:Interface Sensors w/ Board: CompleteComplete Sensor/Parts Testing:Sensor/Parts Testing: CompleteComplete Modify Box For Sensors:Modify Box For Sensors: CompleteComplete Test Part Mountings:Test Part Mountings: CompleteComplete 5 Meter Impact Test:5 Meter Impact Test: CompleteComplete Lucite Test:Lucite Test: CompleteComplete Temperature Testing:Temperature Testing: CompleteComplete Power Testing:Power Testing: CompleteComplete Write Data Acquisition Software:Write Data Acquisition Software: CompleteComplete Vacuum Testing:Vacuum Testing: CompleteComplete CDR:CDR: CompleteComplete FFR:FFR: May 22, 2005May 22, 2005

Master Budget and BreakdownMaster Budget and Breakdown

The total cost for all parts is The total cost for all parts is currently about $407. currently about $407. There may need to be There may need to be other purchase to solve other purchase to solve problems not yet foreseen, problems not yet foreseen, but this will be possible but this will be possible because, as of right now, because, as of right now, Team Tartive has a little Team Tartive has a little money left of our $500 money left of our $500 budgetbudget

Foam Board:Foam Board: ~$15~$15 Hand Warmers:Hand Warmers: ~$20~$20 Sensors:Sensors:

~$336~$336 Electronics:Electronics:

Already ProvidedAlready Provided Wire: Already Wire: Already

Provided Provided Duct Tape Duct Tape ~$5~$5 Electrical Tape ~$2Electrical Tape ~$2 Batteries:Batteries: ~$30~$30 Total:Total: ~$407 ~$407

Risk Management and ContingencyRisk Management and Contingency

The risk involved in this project mostly deal with gravity, The risk involved in this project mostly deal with gravity, temperature, and power. The box has been built to ensure temperature, and power. The box has been built to ensure that the electrical components will be able to survive the that the electrical components will be able to survive the quick return to the ground. The box must also be sealed quick return to the ground. The box must also be sealed and have enough insulation to keep the inside temperature and have enough insulation to keep the inside temperature high enough to keep the inside components in operating high enough to keep the inside components in operating condition. Two hand warmers will be used to ensure that condition. Two hand warmers will be used to ensure that the temperature is within this operating temperature. The the temperature is within this operating temperature. The batteries used in the project must also be able to produce batteries used in the project must also be able to produce enough power to keep the sensors and circuit board enough power to keep the sensors and circuit board operational. The team decided that due to the low weight operational. The team decided that due to the low weight of the payload, another battery would be added in parallel of the payload, another battery would be added in parallel to ensure that the payload would maintain its operating to ensure that the payload would maintain its operating temperature. temperature.