Virginia Studies 9Review

20th Century Virginia

Prepared by:

Sarah Duncan, Instructional Specialist

Portsmouth Public Schools

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From Agriculture to Urban

• What is urban?– Having to do with the city

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From Agriculture to Urban

Decline of the Agricultural Society:

•Old Systems of farming were

no longer effective•Crop prices were

low (no moneywas being made)

Growth of Virginia’s Cities

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Growth of Virginia’s Cities

• People moved from rural to urban areas for economic opportunities

• Technological developments in transportation, roads, railroads, and streetcars helped cities grow.

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Growth of Virginia’s Cities

• People have moved to Virginia from many other states and nations

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Growth of Virginia’s Cities

• Northern Virginia has experienced growth due to increases in the number of federal jobs located in the region.

N. Va.

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Growth of Virginia’s Cities

• Both Northern Virginia and the Tidewater region have grown due to computer technology

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Desegregation and Massive Resistance in Virginia

• The U.S. Supreme Court ruled in 1954 that “separate but equal” public schools were unconstitutional

Brown v. Board of Education

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Desegregation and Massive Resistance in Virginia

• All public schools, including those in Virginia, were ordered to integrate

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• Virginia’s government established a policy of “Massive Resistance” which fought or resisted the integration of public schools

Desegregation and Massive Resistance in Virginia

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Desegregation and Massive Resistance in Virginia

• Some schools closed to avoid integration

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• The policy of Massive Resistance failed, and Virginia’s public schools were integrated

Desegregation and Massive Resistance in Virginia

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•Harry F. Byrd, Sr. led a Massive Resistance Movement against the integration of public schools

Desegregation and Massive Resistance in Virginia

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Famous 20th Century Virginians

• Maggie Lena Walker:– First African

American bank president in the US

– First woman to become a bank president

• 1867-1934

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Famous 20th Century Virginians

• Harry F. Byrd, Jr.– Governor of Va.– “Pay as you Go”

policy for road improvements

– Modernized Va state government

1914 -

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• Arthur Ashe, Jr.– First African

American winner of a major men’s tennis singles championship

– Author and eloquent spokesperson for social change

1943-1993

Famous 20th Century Virginians

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• L. Douglas Wilder– Former Governor of

Virginia– First African

American to be elected a state governor in the United States

1931-

Famous 20th Century Virginians

Woodrow Wilson

•Was a 20th century president (1913-1921) who wrote a plan for world peace following World War I.

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George C. Marshall

•Was a military leader who created an economic plan to ensure world peace following World War II.

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Oliver W. Hill, Sr. •Was a lawyer

and civil rights leader who worked for equal rights of African Americans.

•He played a key role in the Brown v. BoE decision.

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Linwood Holton, Jr.•As governor of

Virginia, promoted racial equality and appointed more African Americans and women to positions in state government than previous governors.

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1. During the 20th century, Virginia became a A. An agricultural society

B. A rural society

C. An urban, industrialized society

D. A farming society

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2. Why did Virginia change from an agricultural to an industrial society?

A. Crop prices were high

B. Farming systems were effective

C. People wanted to be farmers

D. Old systems of farming were ineffective

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3. What caused Virginia’s cities to grow?A. People moved from urban to rural

areasB. Technological developments in

transportation and roads helped cities grow

C. Farmers sold their products to the cities

D. Farmers around the world sold their products to Virginia

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4. Which association of region and industry is not correct?A. Northern Virginia grew because of

the increase in federal jobsB. Northern Virginia's population

grew because of the computer industry

C. Tidewater grew because of the computer industry

D. Tidewater grew because of new farming techniques

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5. What word has the opposite meaning of segregation?A. “Jim Crow” laws

B. Discrimination

C. Integration

D. Massive Resistance

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6. Brown v. Board of Education ruled that ____________________________ public schools were unconstitutional.

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7. Harry F. Byrd led a Massive Resistance movement against

___________________________of public schools in

Virginia.

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8. Who was the first African American

governor in the United States?

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9. Who was the first African American to

become a bank president in the United States?

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10. Which Virginia governor was know for the

“Pay as you Go” policy?

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11. Arthur Ashe, Jr. was the first African American winner of what type of

championship?

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