• J.

War haa M n waged since the end of the left world « r . although it has been looelieed

U A # eeaae that it ha* baan confined within the borders of oertain oountriee.

M ^ m i war| nonetheleee, and war fought with devaatatiag aodern weapone. And in

vr9rJ oaae, it haa beea war a^inat paoplee atruggling for, or claiaing, liberation

froa f f l r ^ 1 rule, diraot or lndiraot.

Vhaa "Weetern" laadara ajeak of tha naad for build lag araeaaate mod aiUftary bloca

a^iaet tha mumoa of m m future aythioal ailitary onalaught, or a^iaat fhe eo-called

rrtr»f «f ‘n n n n l r * and tha Soriat Onion, they ara deliberately blinding their people

to etviow and proved factai that thair preparations for war ie in fact againat tha advance

tha challenge of tha popular noveaante of paopla in vaet colonial or eaai-colonial

territorieai egainet tha peopjLe of Korea, whan thay reeietad Rhee'e "March to tha

lorth*" Againat tha peoplaa of Malaya, Viet-naa, Qreeoe, Algeria, Kenya.

Ia apita of thaaa interventionist axpaditiona and vara, thay have not bean able to

halt tha a r e h forward to liberation. China won through to freedoa in 19491 K o m and

TiatMa reaiatad and defeated all atteapte at eubflqgation, eran though the unification

of thair cewtriee haa a till to be achieved; the aubaidiaed Middle laat diotatorahipa

and puppata ara auocuabing, saita,Imnrlm * or oan count on only a United leaae of

life; all Aaia aovea forward; and Africa atira, from end to end.

Bet war oan teaaaurably prolong our struggle and aet back advancement. The people of

iorth Korea are rebuilding* aoae of their devaatated citiee, replanting their burned

and ruined countryside. But their constructive efforii can never bring back the dead,

never raators the fa*liee destroyed, never effboe the bitter auffaring. In Kenya,

• c a W any hawe been restored; what the African people havea Buffered ia at ill aot fully

kaoenv aad to what extent their struggle for liberation haa been aet back carjiot be

aaeeaaed for aany yeare.

peruape we use the terns "war", and "fight"/*end "atruggle" in too aany different ways.

Ve are fighting a^inat aodem war, with all its horrifying nodern weapons of da struct ion.

At the aaae tiae, we are fighting another war the struggle for the elevation of mankind,

to davalap the natural reaouroee of the world, to aaka great industrial and scientific

advaaeee aval labia to enrich the livee of a U . I Thaee two atrugglee are linked together.

Modern warfare nuat be defeated if aan'a atruggle to raiaa hiaaalf and thoee around hia

ia te auooeed. lowhere ia thie aore clear than on the continent of Afrioa."

^ ̂ jj^'the sem.ce of ear in order to achieve liberation. *« hare to achieve

liberatifla in order to aeoure oureelvea and our children agelnet the aenace of ear. And we

te remove the oonetant threat of world war, to prevent

mm dangere to genafcerationa of the future.Ve aust conaider for a noaent eoae of the hasarda with which we are confronted, withou

actual war, through the aota of preparing for war.

n r z i r r ^ T i i « c « t ^ » » - — « * • °f - *

eoiatrin of th. b ^ W r f f e * of rndUtion. Th. p « p l . of t t . world f l » t .0 . up

bo.1 90 «11m fro. th. s e n . of „ th l. dMg.r 7 " ^ ^ “ of „ M . t . . t . - r . epr~dth* explosion suffered the ghastly b#imrs Ajrricul-

., . . i Mll. causing d s M X t to huosn •radioactiTity < W wide and unpredictable areas, ca ng o m m *

, fisheries Th. full nature of thla 4«*«« °*nftot ‘

£ “ r « r » : : , u - — « - - - » • — 7 ; * ~ ~t l l f . The n r a mU*> the r.producti»» c o lli - «re *

» « « 7 " not k iU th. „ „ o * ll, W t ~ U * « M M to .

______o .u .1 « collod --.ftlon..- end er. « « .t lo .l ly

fu«r. f.n. ration. Th. ng. f th. dM4J, 1P, not folly .m o - M y not

Th* h*ral* ^ d 0Bly a p p w when th. « | . 1. .0 «id«PTMdb. Men et ell - for feneri on . t .dooble-dO..- of daMged Celle - fro*

®®°n* the p o r t i o n ttet . chi , utltlot, u r e U tm ly comoo « th i» the

hoth p ^ n te . fh l. c r . on y P P ^ ^ ^ from ^ . l o n to generotion H I et 1 » »

popnletlon, In feot .he ari. . .ou t. thet th ., m , c u e .l t doee co-on. SOM of the r.dnce th. T le t i . ' .

d- th 11 - r - r r r d . f . . . « n # * * . - *"*■ * "uch

— • 0f u o f .r r d .te r io r .t io n of th. pettem of inh .rit.nc ., l- dln« to .

longer, the dnnger p o r t i o n of i l l . of g « .U c origin,

gradually increasing burden on t po. ^ Berrill of

^ ow tak wc bae not been calculated,T # rl#k Ve are ..cr* t&K.ng ^

anad., .rltlng of the effect. of radiation =e„s.d by H-bonb tests. pl,yIng

- « n « fcinc of fir., lmo.ln* only th.t the f m . . u hot ind .. „ m U t M

" * . If »• don't .orry .tout our..l„s, .. 8hould „

.bout th. quality of our deecendent.. Th. f t bonb .,pl„,l 0 M lMlcuMbl. ^ „h(raldC0AS0,

feeeor « ™ i , Of th. Heidelberg »t.ospherlc Testing Station. s.y.: H h m r e r e„ ,t-

'• h,dr°t*n 0r 00b,lt b0Bb in world, . or 1... mpld i„cre.s. 1„.tno.ph.ric ™di.=tl»ity * , be registered „ . n ™h.r. ...th, quantity of radio.oti,ity

poaa.lng into th. .tr.to.fJar. from n o n t teats 1. so grest that It .ill still b.

tr.oe.bl. In th. yeer 2,000 .yen if no .or. etodio bo.be ere exploded."

nr. talph Upp, Aoerican nuolwr physioi.t, .arns th.t th. point of sefety in

testing i^ydrogen boobs Jias Already been reached.

I i V ^ r $ S 8 0$tf?shed by the government of India on Nutflear Explosions and their

tffecta, the Prime Minister of India, Mr. Behru, writes:

"War is associated with death. We have now to face death on a colossal scale, and, *

what is auch worse, the genetic effects of these explosions on the present and

future generations. Before this prospect, the other jroblem* that face us In this

world becotue relatively unimportant.

"But even without var, we have wh*t fire railed nuclear test explosions, vMcfl, in

s o ^ mearure, sprfead this evil thir^ over Hrge parts of the world. These

explosions continue in apite of the iurgern Inherent in thei."

t£m of vital L y i t o n i to the people Of tho Afrioen

continent. The d m i o p M t of powor opena up for husanity tho rood to plenty. lhe porto

of tho world that taro *ort to gaiA froa tfho larga-aoale application of power aade

harneaaing of tho atoa aro thooo iMt, uadox'-davcloped a m o , euoh

aa ia Afrlo*, where la tho peat geographical, dlaetic tad othor condition* have

Maakad or delayed tho induatrtal developaont that pmnaadod oo rapidly in furopo.

la tkatt paaphlet *1 World To Gala", tho atory of tho International Conference on the

Peeoeful Oaaa of Atoaic feargy at Ueneva, 1955*, prepared! bf.i publiohod by th® Aeeociation

of Soioartlfio Vorkare in England, tho opening paragraph states:

•la round flgwree you have today 2,000 aillion brothers and oiataro, and 10,000 ot then aro b o m oaoh day. . . . Into what aort of world aro thay born? Poo

Boat their lot io pove% and Buffering, aoat of it preventable. Probably lea*

than 25 for oent of tho earth'* surfaoe ia efficiently uaod for th* retain^ of

food. Hot* than 25 par oent la dooort, auch of it aan ■ado, and in M n y plaoeo

expanding; tho Sahara for exaaple advancea in plaeaa at tho rate of 55 allea per

year. Thoro aro alao huge areaa of white dooort, and of the froa*n tundra of th*

AArotlf aad tho untaaod forests of th* Aaaaon. Huaanity eight be fed froa these

aroaaj to harnees thaa requiroo power."

Tho powor produced in tho world today la laaufficiant to develop thooo "dooort'

areaa; aad ia any oaae, it* distribution io oabalanoed. la 1952, of all enorfy produced

la tho world, 56 per cent waa conawed in forth Anerioa, 95 par c*nt by forth Aaerioe

aad foot furopo together! 17 per oent in th* U.S.S.I. j Le&n America, 4 par cent; Aaia,

15 par oeatt Afrioa, excluding South Africa, 2 par oent. Ajaoog tho developed areaa,

o w w p t laa of powor per head waa aoro than tan tiaaa that of the under-developed.

Aad oftea the powor produced la at fantaetic ooot. Ia India, for inatanoo,

80 par oeat of the power conataaed per jjkd ia produced by tho burning of dung, which ia

aetwally urgently needed for agricultural uae. The under-developed part of the world,

containing two-thirda of ita population, haa laaa than 8 per cent of the total world

electric generating capacity.

Conventional aouroea of energy laainly coal aad oil) aro not mllalted, and aay

barioae exhauotad. And what troaondou* aourcoa of power are required.’ iadaalaiaH y

daaftajad fowntrieax ouch aa England, Aaarloa and the U.S.3.1. have the acientific and

industrial roaourooa for tho rooearch aad development of anoloar power | but it to ia

thoae areaa of tho world loaat develop*^ that tho need io aoet urgent. Countrioe like

India aat China, vaat 1a area, with hag* population*, aad a— rglng froa daoadaa of

oolaalal opjroooioa and baokwardnaaa, are ofcwloaaly on tho throahold of devolapaan t

that ooald prooaad at a greatly acoelerated paoe If hoga quantitioe of power were

. Am tbaft£. dangere from radiation whan nuclaar power ia uaad for peaceful naans? Tna

^ciantiata tell ua that there ara. And also that, as with the affects of tha H-fcm.b

axploaiona, tha extant is still unknown. They say that tha study of human radiation itgui. ,

both bodily and genetic, is required on such a acale that only an international effort can

have real significance, and even with such effort no innediate resulta would be forth­

coming.

"It ia in fact, a crual dilemma with which we are confronted; either to forego our

development of nuclear power indefinitely, or else to pj^eed c^iously into the dalrk.

...To the whole problem the answer ia prevention. The hasard, though enormous, is

controllable? astTTtaxpatMtTSfxf«*ycMocy"

But to safeguard the future, international research and co-opemtion is required.

A spokesman of the World Health Organisation has stated that radiation protection suat now

be considered as an aspect of public health both nationally and internationally, and th«t

the urgency of international collaboration nas been forced upon ua as 'we Bcnter ii to t. e

nuclear age."

To further such research, and to further tne uses of nuclear power for peaceful

means, secrecy in its development must be broken down. *'e must close the gap betveen

political and scientific progress. W q must outlaw war for all time, we must echieve

those conditions that will forever remove the threat .of war.• t

By doing this, wa will open up tha great paths pathB to development of man and

material * * * * * of which we are obtaining our first glimpsee in these exciting Mr.es.

We will bring a world of happinaas and plenty, of unlimited advancement for all - and

in our lifetime.'

m u s t ? $ U a e betveen the alternatives Df nuclear

annihiliation and nuclear prosperity, for there is no middle course. Each one of us murt

realise that there is now no scientific reason .hatever why any country or any person m e d

go short of the power needed to achieve a full and happy life.

Our struggle to make the Freedom Charter a reality must surely take1a great- spurt

forward, when we consider it ag-dnst such a background. With such understanding we

are armed with new determination and new strength, for now we know better not only what

may be lost, but what we stand to gain.

available And what of Africa itself, the Jsr-ant tfant, ~n1y now b e a r i n g to test

the possibilities of its own strength* \ / D / ^ ?

•The peculiar advantage of the nurlenr traitn reactor is that it can be

maintained for long jeriods in renate places with a luinin.un. o r attention.

Essentially untended, it can Vat, ran cool, cr prop water as require:. It

can provide t v mears of a.-uing accessible to man valuable reserves of raw

materials at present beyond hia reach m d can restore fertility to lands

which are barren todayl IhaxsMziaehtxtiuttfcst* ...It is the nearer task,

h o w e v e r A whfcfrimjst intaxeat us most: that of correcting the fkntastinlly

■‘unbalanced distwifction c ( ejier^y consiajtl^n under vhifljh mankind suffers . . .

it is now scienticially j^sible to 1' so. hitherto there has always b*ei.

a power shortage; within a relatively r.Yicrt. rpaca of time ther<* can cope

abundance: aa muc£ power is you can use."

' / » ID.G. A m o t t - Power: Technical Conaiderations.)

To redreas tha injuatice.ef the unbalances distribution of power throughout

tha world, says this writer, would seem to be the moat important step in the f ^ fet

for world seace.

Collection Number: AD1812

RECORDS RELATING TO THE 'TREASON TRIAL' (REGINA vs F. ADAMS AND OTHERS ON CHARGE OF HIGH TREASON, ETC.), 1956 1961 TREASON TRIAL, 1956 1961

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