Volume III, Issue V, May 2016 IJRSI ISSN 2321 Developing ...Alfa-Therm Limited(New Delhi) Infed...

Volume III, Issue V, May 2016 IJRSI ISSN 2321 – 2705

www.rsisinternational.org Page 90

Developing Suitable Selection Technique of Organic

Food Waste Shredder of Biogas Plant

Shipra Arora

Department of Renewable Energy Engineering and Management, TERI University, Delhi-110070.

Abstract: - Recently Municipal Solid Waste Management

(MSWM) is currently becoming a significant issue as it directly

effects the Health, Financial and infrastructure development.

Hazardous gas emissions from the waste, landfills or burning of

MSW causes serious health issues to flora and fauna and human

beings. Our Air and water quality is keep on deteriorating day

by day. It is required to bring the innovative solution so that

waste won’t be waste again and by utilizing scientific techniques

we could use it as electricity or cooking gas. Need, Methodology

& Vision of this study is sustainable development as it is believed

to develop India starts with developing Rural India first. This

paper focuses on technical feasibility only.

Key Words: Shredder, Biomethanization, Municipal Solid Waste,

Selection Technique

I. INTRODUCTION

ontinues Economic development has led a problem of

municipal solid waste (MSW) disposal. Health issues are

keep on increasing with poor municipal solid waste

management (MSWM). The growth of Municipal Solid Waste

(MSW) has been skyrocketing as a result of growing urban

population and industrialization. The MSWM (municipal solid

waste management) system has a collection of steps with

generation, storage, collection, transfer and transport,

processing and disposal. So the viable solution is to convert

this MSW in a useful product such as biogas, biofuel, bio-coal

which also encourages “Swach Bharat Abhiyan”.

II. BIOMETHANATION TECHNOLOGY

Biomass is renewable organic matter derived from plants or

from human, animal and municipal or industrial waste. It is an

abundant and carbon-neutral source of energy, which has a

potential to meet 15 to 50% of the world energy need by 2050.

This Biomass can be used as a fuel or electricity by adopting

different and efficient process. In the process to make high

strength liquid organic content is leached out from the waste

by decomposition of the waste with intermittent sprinkling of

water. In Methanation process, the waste will be charged into

the reactors. After charging the waste into reactors, water will

be poured in the reactor in the ratio of 1: 2:: waste: water. The

water inside the reactor will be mixed intermittently in

homogeneous conditions inside the reactor. The gas generated

from reactor will be collected in biogas holder. The digested

solid, after drying is used as manure and liquid can be utilized

in the agricultural/horticultural field.

III. LITERATURE REVIEW

Panda (2007) [1]

focusses on the significance of electricity

supply tactic resulted by power of demand of rural

electrification in India. In Addition, Rehman et al. (2012) [2]

highlight the problems faced by electrification of rural India

by enhancing on the demand–supply gap. Khandker et al.

(2010) [3]

, discuss the co- relation of electricity and poverty of

rural India, stated the problem faced by villages because of

insufficient energy supply which disrupts their day to day

work, also added the doubt whether energy leads to economic

development or vice versa. In this framework. Though, Cook

(2011) [4]

states that increased stress on rural electrification

results in the more focus on poverty eradication rather than

electrification. (Chaurey et al. 2004) [5]

States in India 90 per

cent of electrification is attained by nine states only and rest

are at only 50% or below. (Palit and Chaurey 2011) [6]

Discuss

problems and challenges in fulfilling the rural electrification

target such as more importance to urban development,

inappropriate infrastructure, ineffectual implementation

technique and low quality of power. (Balachandra 2012) [7]

Discuss about the 1950-1980 planning period when

prominence was more to irrigation in support of green

revolution rather than providing households access to

electricity and KutirJyoti scheme of government of India also

focused on single line connection only.NiteshDutt et.al (2011)

[8] analysed, compared renewable source technology i.e.

biomass waste including solid waste, sewage waste, and waste

cooking oil in IIT Roorkee campus to calculate electricity

potential generation Shubham et.al (2015) [9]

uses waste to

incineration technique in Roorkee City to estimate the

electrical output potential and suggested methods to improve

the waste collection efficiency.

IV. SHREDDER

A solid waste shredder provided with rotating vanes for

inducing a flow of air and/or solid waste through the shredder

is particularly useful as a shredder for municipal and industrial

trash and other solid waste prior to trash classification,

pyrolysis, and landfill operations. Solid waste and municipal

solid waste (MSW) size reduction requires processing of

many different materials, from filled drums to household

waste. Shredded and compacted waste is easier and cheaper to

transport, extends the efficiency of biometanation process. In

addition, separating out materials that can be reclaimed and

recycled increases the plant productivity while providing

C



revenue to offset the costs of processing the solid waste.

Shredders use powerful blades to process the many materials

that comprise solid waste. These can integrate screens, filters

and magnets to separate materials pre or post-processing,

providing capture of materials for reclamation or incineration.

Sometimes in same machine, it can shred wet, semi wet & dry

material, wood sticks up to 20 mm diameter, coconut leaves,

shred green coconut, etc. Some machines can use hotel

kitchen waste shredding and making silage for bio gas plant.

4.2 Types

Shredder can be classified on following basis

Type of Shaft

Shredders can be classified on the basis of number of shafts,

there are single, double and multiple. They can be used

according to the usage.

Type of Material processed

Almost all types of material such as organic (Food Waste,

Paper, dried leaves) & inorganic (plastics, metal) can be

shredded but according to the usage such as for biogas

generally organic food waste shredder is required.

Capacity

It is defined as the rate at which shredder process the input

material, this varies from few kilograms to many tonnes per

hour.

V. COMPARISON & SELECTION OF SHREDDER

Following is the list of all shredders available in market according our needs.

S. No. Shredder

Specification Own Designed

Alfa-ThermLimited

(New Delhi)

Infed System

(Mumbai)

Chudekar Agro Engg.

Pvt. Ltd. (Mumbai)

Earth Care

EquipmentsPvt.

Ltd.(Pune)

Model No. Not Applicable SS-300 MS 212 HF 10 Terminator

1. Type of M/C Grinding

Machine

Single shaft shredder

with hydraulic ram pusher

Grinding

Machine (TWIN SHAFT)

Grinding Machine Grindng Machine

2. Material to be

grinded Vegetable Waste Organic Waste Organic Waste Organic Waste Organic Waste

3. Capacity 280 Kg/h 200-250 kg/h 400 kg/h 1 ton/hr 300 kg/h

4. Rotor Diameter 210 mm 250 mm 150 mm 340 mm no rotor

5. MOC of Rotor SS-304 Mild Steel Mild Steel Mild Steel Mild Steel

6. Feed Hopper 3 THK M.S 300 mm*900 mm 800m*500mm*4

50mm 380 mm*420 mm

418mm* 374mm*

150mm

7. Motor 3HP, 3 phase,

2500 rpm 5 HP, 200-250 rpm 3 HP 10 HP 3 HP

8. Input Drive Through "V"

Belt Manually Coupling manual Manual

9. Output Drive Through

Coupling Manually Coupling by gravity Manual

11. Water required No No No No No

12. Size Reduction 5 mm 30 mm 8mm 1-3 mm, can vary size 10 mm

13. Ability to crush

harder food waste Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

14. Maintenance needed

after Negligible 3500 tons - No maintenance 1 year

15. Life span 15 years Beyond 10 years 7-8 years 10-15 years 5 years



VI. METHODOLOGY

6.1 Comparison Charts

6.1.1 Capacity

From the chart it is seen Chudekar Agro Engg. Pvt. Ltd

(Mumbai) has the highest Capaicty rate while Alfa Therm

(New Delhi) has least capacity rate.

6.1.2 Input Power Required


(Mumbai) has the highest requirement of input power while

Infed System (Mumbai) has the least.

6.1.3 Life


(Mumbai) has the highest Life while Earth Care

EquipmentsPvt. Ltd. (Pune) has the least Life.

6.1.4 Cost

From the chart it is seen Alfa Therm (New Delhi) has the

highest cost while “OWN DESIGNED” has the least.

6.2 Optimization of Shredder

6.2.1 Scope

Selection of shredder from the available models of different

companies from different locations of India. It is done on

basis of major parameter:

300 250

400

1000

300

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

Cap

acit

y in

(K

g/h

)

Companies

C O M P A R I S O N O N C A P A I C T Y B A S I S

Own Designed

Alfa-Therm Limited(New Delhi)

Infed System (Mumbai)

Chudekar Agro Engg. Pvt. Ltd. (Mumbai)

Earth Care Equipments Pvt. Ltd.(Pune)

2.24

3.73

2.24

7.46

2.24

0

2

4

6

8

Inp

ut

Po

we

r R

eq

uir

ed

in

(K

W)

Companies

C O M P A R I S O N O N I N P U T P O W E R B A S I S

Own Designed





6

108

15

5

0

5

10

15

20

Life

in (

Ye

ars)

Companies

C O M P A R I S O N O N L I F E B A S I S

Own Designed





100000

300000

195000

125000107446

0

100000

200000

300000

400000

Co

st in

(IN

R)

Companies

C O M P A R I S O N O N C O S T B A S I S

Own Designed







𝐶𝑎𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑅𝑎𝑡𝑒𝐼𝑛𝑝𝑢𝑡 𝑃𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝑅𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑑

𝐿𝑖𝑓𝑒𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑡

6.2.2 Objectives

Followings objectives should be completed during the

selection of shredder.

1. Maximization of Capacity rate.

2. Minimization of input power required.

3. Maximization of Life of the Equipment.

4. Minimization of the cost of the equipment.

VII. RESULTS & DISCUSSION

From the chart following understandings can be made:

On the basis of life to Cost ratio Alfa therm Limited

shredder model and Infed System shredder model

can be removed as they have high cost in comparison

to life.

Now out of three, though Chudekar Agro Engg. Pvt

Ltd. shredder model has high Life to Cost ratio but it

also has high input power which means high

operating cost although capacity is also very high.

As per our requirement less capacity which matches

Earth Care Equipmentsshredder model and “OWN

DESIGNED” will work absolutely fine.

So Chudekar Agro Engg. Pvt Ltd shredder model can

also be removed on over capacity basis.

So at last from Earth Care Equipments Pvt Ltd

shredder model and “OWN DESIGNED” shredder

model, “OWN DESIGNED” shredder model has

high life. So “OWN DESIGNED” Shredder model is

selected for our performance analysis.

VIII. CONCLUSION

Two objectives stated in paper are accomplished while testing

of shredder was not done due to unavailability of the testing

equipment. On analysing 5 shredders in the market “own

designed” indigenous technology is the most suitable on basis

of capacity, input power, life and cost. Graphs have been

developed on Microsoft excel to analyse the shredder

selection. Selection technique has been successfully

developed for further work. Hence, biogas plant is great step

towards sustainable development as it saves coal resources

which can be used by future generation while eliminating

solid waste management problem which solves the land

shortage problem and that extra land can be used to any

fruitful work without Solid Waste Management that land is

wasted as huge piles of solid waste just cover land making

them useless and toxic. Shubham et. Al (2015)[10]

uses optimal

mixing of technology in rural area of Roorkee City,

Uttarakhand and expand the energy potential and role of skill

development in solid waste management.Also leachate

problem is solved by waste management as open dump cause

leachate to develop which even pollute the underground

water. Therefore, it appears that biogas plants can play an

important role to promote “Swach Bharat Abhiyaan” to

minimize and manage the solid waste during the different

festival and normal days at the study site and separation of the

0

5

10

15

2025

30OWN Designed


Infed System (Mumbai)Chudekar Agro Engg. Pvt. Ltd.

(Mumbai)


Capacity Input Power Life Cost



waste as Biodegradable and non-biodegradable at the point

will be very helpful to manage the wastes material.

REFERENCES

[1]. Panda, H. (2007). Governance of rural electricity systems in India:

An overview of Indian scenario. In Governance of Rural Electricity Systems in India (ed. Haribandhu Panda). New Delhi:

Academic Foundation; pp. 23–52.

[2]. Rehman, I.H., Kar, A., Banerjee, M., Kumar, P., Shardul, M., Mohanty, J. & Hossain, I. (2012). Understanding the political

economy and key drivers of energy access in addressing national

energy access priorities and policies. Energy Policy, 47, Supplement 1.

[3]. Khandker, S.R., Barnes, D.F. &Samad, H.A. (2010). Energy

poverty in rural and urban India: Are the energy poor also income poor? Policy Research Working Paper Series 5463. The World

Bank.

[4]. Cook, P. (2011). Infrastructure, rural electrification and development. Energy for Sustainable Development, 15(3): 304–

313.

[5]. Chaurey, A., Ranganathan, M. &Mohanty, P. (2004). Electricity

access for geographically disadvantaged rural communities:

Technology and policy insights. Energy Policy, 32(15): 1693–

1705.

[6]. Palit, D., Malhotra, R. & Kumar, A. (2011). Sustainable model for

financial viability of decentralized biomass gasifier based power projects. Energy Policy, 39: 4893–4901.

[7]. Balachandra, P. (2012). Universal and sustainable access to modern energy services in rural India: An overview of policy-

programmatic interventions and implications for sustainable

development. Journal of the Indian Institute of Science, 92: 1. [8]. Siddharthjain, M. P. (2011). Power generation from MSW of

Haridwar City: A Feasibility study. Renewable and Sustainable

Energy Reviews, 69-90. [9]. Shubham Gupta, R. S. Mishra (2015), “Estimation of Electrical

Energy Generation from Waste to Energy using Incineration

Technology.” International Journal of Advance Research and Innovation, ISSN 2347 – 3258, pp. 615-618, Volume 3, Issue 4.

[10]. Shubham Gupta, R. S. Mishra (2015), “Mixing of Various

Renewable Energy Technologies towards Development of Village Energy Need.” International Journal of Advance Research and

Innovation, ISSN 2347 – 3258, pp. 601-604, Volume 3, Issue 4.

Volume III, Issue V, May 2016 IJRSI ISSN 2321 Developing ...Alfa-Therm Limited(New Delhi) Infed...

Documents

Transcript of Volume III, Issue V, May 2016 IJRSI ISSN 2321 Developing ...Alfa-Therm Limited(New Delhi) Infed...