Volcano StationsVolcano Stations

REVIEWREVIEW

QUESTION #1QUESTION #1

1. How are volcanoes considered both constructive and destructive forces in geology?

1. How are volcanoes considered both constructive and destructive forces in geology?

ANSWERANSWER

1. How are volcanoes considered both constructive and destructive forces in geology?

• Create crust with lava eruptions and destroy crust with explosive eruptions

1. How are volcanoes considered both constructive and destructive forces in geology?

• Create crust with lava eruptions and destroy crust with explosive eruptions

QUESTION #2QUESTION #2

2. What is the difference between a lava flow and a pyroclastic flow?

2. What is the difference between a lava flow and a pyroclastic flow?

ANSWERANSWER2. What is the difference between

a lava flow and a pyroclastic flow?

• Lava flows are molten rock while pyroclastic flows are rock fragments, dust, ash & gases

2. What is the difference between a lava flow and a pyroclastic flow?

• Lava flows are molten rock while pyroclastic flows are rock fragments, dust, ash & gases

QUESTION #3QUESTION #3

3. Where do explosive volcanoes get their high water content in their magma?

3. Where do explosive volcanoes get their high water content in their magma?

ANSWERANSWER3. Where do explosive volcanoes

get their high water content in their magma?

• Explosive volcanoes occur along subduction zones where ocean water also becomes subducted with the plate.

3. Where do explosive volcanoes get their high water content in their magma?

• Explosive volcanoes occur along subduction zones where ocean water also becomes subducted with the plate.

QUESTION #4QUESTION #4

4. Which pyroclastic material is about the size of a quarter?

4. Which pyroclastic material is about the size of a quarter?

ANSWERANSWER

4.Which pyroclastic material is about the size of a quarter?

• Lapilla (cinders)

4.Which pyroclastic material is about the size of a quarter?

• Lapilla (cinders)

QUESTION #5QUESTION #5

5. Provide THREE ways pyroclastic flows can be deadly:

5. Provide THREE ways pyroclastic flows can be deadly:

ANSWERANSWER5. Provide THREE ways pyroclastic

flows can be deadly:

• Speed of the cinders• Extreme heat• Poisonous gas

5. Provide THREE ways pyroclastic flows can be deadly:

• Speed of the cinders• Extreme heat• Poisonous gas

QUESTION #6QUESTION #6

6. What is the difference between pahoehoe lava and aa lava?

6. What is the difference between pahoehoe lava and aa lava?

ANSWERANSWER6. What is the difference between pahoehoe

lava and aa lava?

• Its viscosity – pahoehoe has high viscosity (flows slowly), while aa has low viscosity (flows quickly)

6. What is the difference between pahoehoe lava and aa lava?

• Its viscosity – pahoehoe has high viscosity (flows slowly), while aa has low viscosity (flows quickly)

Pahoehoe lavaaa lava

QUESTION #7QUESTION #77. Identify the volcanoes pictured below as either explosive or nonexplosive?

7. Identify the volcanoes pictured below as either explosive or nonexplosive?

(A) Aleutian Island Volcano (D) Mayon Volcano, Philippines

(B) Kilauea eruption

(C) Eruption along midocean ridge

ANSWERANSWER7. Identify the volcanoes pictured below as either explosive or nonexplosive?

7. Identify the volcanoes pictured below as either explosive or nonexplosive?

(A) Aleutian Island Volcano - EXPLOSIVE

(D) Mayon Volcano, Philippines - EXPLOSIVE

(B) Kilauea eruption - NONEXPLOSIVE

(C) Eruption along midocean ridge - NONEXPLOSIVE

QUESTION #8QUESTION #88. Identify the pictures below as one of the THREE types of volcanoes.

8. Identify the pictures below as one of the THREE types of volcanoes.

(A) Mount Fuji, Japan

(B) Iceland volcano

(C) Sunset Crater, Arizona

ANSWERANSWER8. Identify the pictures below as one of the THREE types of volcanoes.

8. Identify the pictures below as one of the THREE types of volcanoes.

(A) Mount Fuji, Japan – STRATOVOLCANO

(B) Iceland volcano – SHIELD VOLCANO

(C) Sunset Crater, Arizona – CINDER CONE

QUESTION #9QUESTION #9

9. How does solid rock in the asthenosphere become liquid in a magma chamber of a volcano?

9. How does solid rock in the asthenosphere become liquid in a magma chamber of a volcano?

ANSWERANSWER9. How does solid rock in the asthenosphere

become liquid in a magma chamber of a volcano?

• As rock in the asthenosphere rises from differences in temperature & density, pressure decreases allowing the putty like rock to melt and rise into a magma chamber.

9. How does solid rock in the asthenosphere become liquid in a magma chamber of a volcano?

• As rock in the asthenosphere rises from differences in temperature & density, pressure decreases allowing the putty like rock to melt and rise into a magma chamber.

QUESTION #10QUESTION #10

10.How can a volcano affect global temperature?

10.How can a volcano affect global temperature?

ANSWERANSWER10.How can a volcano affect global

temperature?

• The volcanic dust and sulfur gas stay suspended in the atmosphere for long periods of time (possibly years) spreading across the globe and blocking the amount of solar radiation reaching the Earth.

10.How can a volcano affect global temperature?

• The volcanic dust and sulfur gas stay suspended in the atmosphere for long periods of time (possibly years) spreading across the globe and blocking the amount of solar radiation reaching the Earth.Redoubt in Alaska

Mount Pinatubo

QUESTION #11QUESTION #11

11. Explain how composite (strato) volcanoes are made in layers.

11. Explain how composite (strato) volcanoes are made in layers.

ANSWERANSWER11. Explain how composite (strato)

volcanoes are made in layers.

• These types of volcanoes alternate between having lava flows and then producing pyroclastic material so the sides are built by layers of these 2 types of material

11. Explain how composite (strato) volcanoes are made in layers.

• These types of volcanoes alternate between having lava flows and then producing pyroclastic material so the sides are built by layers of these 2 types of material