Vol. 25 (2005), No. 4

AAPRILPRIL 2005 2005 VVOLUMEOLUME 25 N25 NUMBERUMBER 44

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Also inside:

Pet Expo 2005 by Michelle Hewitt

White Snake Sale Review by Barb Buzicky

This month’s speaker:

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Bell Museum of Natural History, 10 Church Street Southeast, Minneapolis Minnesota 55455-0104

The Minnesota HerpetologicalS o c i e t yMHS Webpage: http://www.mnherpsoc.orgMHS Group Email: http://www.groups.yahoo.com/group/mnherpsocVoice Mail: 612.624.7065

April 2005 Volume 25 Number 4

Board of Directors

PresidentRandy Blasus

Vice PresidentSean Hewitt

Recording SecretaryBarb Buzicky

Membership SecretaryNancy Haig

TreasurerMarilyn Blasus

Newsletter EditorAsra Halvorson

Members at LargeTony GambleFred BosmanMike Bush Jodi L. Aherns

CommitteesAdoptionSarah Richard

EducationJan Larson

LibraryBeth Girard

WebmasterAnke Reinders

[email protected]

The Purpose of the Minnesota Herpetological Society is to:• Further the education of the membership and the general public in care and captivepropagation of reptiles and amphibians;• Educate the members and the general public in the ecological role of reptiles andamphibians;• Promote the study and conservation of reptiles and amphibians.

The Minnesota Herpetological Society is a non-profit, tax-exempt organization.Membership is open to all individuals with an interest in amphibians and reptiles. TheMinnesota Herpetological Society Newsletter is published monthly to provide its memberswith information concerning the society’s activities and a media for exchanging informa-tion, opinions and resources.

General Meetings are held at Borlaug Hall, Room 335 on the St. Paul Campus of theUniversity of Minnesota, on the first Friday of each month (unless there is a holidayconflict). The meeting starts at 7:00pm and lasts about three hours. Please check theMHS Voice mail for changes in schedules or cancellations.

Submissions to the NewsletterAds or Notices must be submitted no later than the night of the General Meeting to beincluded in the next issue. Longer articles will be printed as time and space allows andshould be in electronic file format if possible. See inside back cover for ad rates.Submissions may be sent to:

The Minnesota Herpetological SocietyAttn: Newsletter EditorBell Museum of Natural History10 Church St. SE.Minneapolis, MN 55455.0104

Copyright 2005, Minnesota Herpetological Society. Except where noted, contents may be reproduced for non-profit, non-commercial use only. All material must be reproduced without change. Proper credit will be given including the

author/photographer and the MHS Newsletter citing: volume, number and date.

The Newsletter of the Minnesota Herpetological Society April 2005 Volume 25 Number 4

The Vice-President’s ReportBy Sean Hewitt

Meeting:Friday, April 1, 2005

Guest Speaker:Dr. Dan E. KeylerClinical toxicologist with HCMC and ClinicalProfessor at the University of Minnesota

Program:Venomous Snakes, Snakebites, and TheirCurrent Treatment

Dan Keyler has been a member of the MinnesotaHerpetological Society for over 20 years. Overthese years, he has given numerous lectures toour group.

Keyler’s educational background started withobtaining his B.S. in Science at Purdue University.He then got his second B.S. degree and PharmDat the University of Minnesota College ofPharmacy.

His main research interests include: Immunology,toxicology, natural toxins, nicotine and smokingcessation strategies, and medical management ofsnakebites. Consequently, Keyler and his associ-ate reported that a vaccine might block the addic-tive effects of nicotine.

He’s a national and international consultant onvenomous snakebites. Recently he’s gotten sev-eral calls from Afghanistan and Iraq as well asother U.S. military destinations.

He has also dedicated himself to field researchand conservation of the timber rattlesnake for thepast 20 years. In addition to several other med-ical-based publications, he recently authored anMHS Occasional Paper on the history of ven-omous snakebites in Minnesota.

Recently, he lectured at Loma Linda University onthe Upper Mississippi Timber rattlesnake wherehe met Shawn Bush from Animal Planet’s VenomER.

Even though this topic is very serious by nature,Dan’s presentations are incredibly light heartedwith fascinating stories and interesting anecdotes.

This topic deals with venomous snakes andsnakebite photos that may be medicallygraphic in nature.


News, Notes & Announcements

Have you marked these onyour calendar yet?

Upcoming Hands-On Events_____________

April 26, 2005U of M “Reptile as Pets”

6:30 - 8:15 P.M. Room 125 in the Animal

Science/Vet Med. Building onthe St. Paul campus.

June 18, 2005Como Park Water Festival

noon - 4 P.M.

March Adoption Reportby Sarah Richard, Adoption Chair

It was a great month for theadoption program. We had 13animals come in and 14 go out!

An Ornate Nile Monitor, 2Iguanas, 2 Chinese WaterDragons, a Leopard Gecko, 2Bearded Dragons, 2 BurmesePythons, and 3 Plated Lizardscame in and all of them plus aBoa that has been in fosterfound a home.

Thank you to everyone who putin for animals. Remember thatnext month's intake day will bethis month. (3/31/05) as themeeting is April 1st. See you allthere.

Cover Photo: American Alligator, by Asra Halvorson, 2005

MMHHSS TTrreeaassuurreerrThe Treasurer is required to maintain and bal-ance the MHS financial accounts and keepcomplete records of all financial transactions.This includes collection and depositing allincome in a timely manner, producing both amonthly and an annual financial statement forthe newletter, and supplying the Board with amonthly financial activity report. The Treasureralso participates in the complete yearly auditand budget.

If you are interested in this position, please con-tact an MHS Board member!


White Snake Sale ReviewBy Barbara Buzicky

MHS had no speaker for tonight as we held ourannual White Snake Sale. Everyone had a goodtime bidding on donated items for one of ourfundraisers of the year. We had all sorts of cages,reptile toys and gadgets, books and magazines,and many items for setting up a habitation placefor a reptile. There were 265 items in the raffle setup for bidding in two rounds. The gross sale pro-ceeds were $1014, which was a very solidamount. This sale was a true sucess, and I wantto thank everyone who helped behind the scenesso things ran smoothly.

From your WSS Chairperson, I especially want tothank Mick Dahlberg for getting our computer pro-gram together at the last minute to catalog andrecord everything. I also want to thank Fred andLiz Bosman, Nancy Hakomaki, Asra Halvorson,and Mike Bush for marking and setting up saleitems. Jodi Aherns and Tony Gamble were incharge of our security. Next, I want to thank BillMoss for all his time setting up for the photo con-test which is always fun and interesting, alongwith our Membership Secretary, Nancy Haig, fordoing an excellent job giving out member num-bers quickly. She also set up the T-Shirt Displayfrom past Symposiums that got much attention.

Thanks also to Bruce Haig who supervised themoney collection for the sale. Sarah Richard aswell did an excellent job running our adoption pro-gram during the meeting, and of course, RandyBlasus, our president for managing the generalmeeting for the evening. Thanks also to the othermany helpers who pitched in Mark Schmidtke,Donna Calander and her niece, Jake Jacobson,Ken Holstrom, Mark Carson, and Sean Hewitt!

If a name wasn’t mentioned, it was not intention-al. I apologize ahead of time. Please let me knowif I missed you, I will make another announcement

at the next General Meeting. If anyone wants toparticipate in next year’s sale as a volunteer,please contact me.

Lastly, I want to thank all the donors who broughtus items for the sale, Crotalus Publishing, JanAndreasen, Dr. Robert McKinnell, Tony Gamble,Jodi Aherns, Twin Cities Reptiles, Dennis Daly,Carmelita Knudson, Ann Porwoll, ChristopherGoodman, and Kari Giefer. Please let me know ifthere were any names missed due to the list notbeing complete.

Again, THANKS TO ALL FOR OUR GREATSUCCESS!

Just an added note from your

Chairperson, there were some

items not picked up at the sale.

Please contact me to let me

know you want your items.

They will be available for pur-

chase at the next general meet-

ing. After that, they will be put

into our monthly raffle.


By Michelle Hewitt

Are they real? Does it bite? How can you holdonto something like that? These are just some ofthe questions one gets doing a Hands-On pro-gram at an event like Pet Expo. This year, MHSmembers participated in the two-day event held atthe Minneapolis Convention Center. The morningstarted with a long line of patrons waiting to buytickets to get in the event. Our own volunteers hadto battle some parking problems and navigatethrough the convention center to drop off animalsfor their shifts.

Once the event started at 9 A.M., it was not longbefore we had our first group asking the multi-tudes of questions about the creatures displayed

before them. Marilyn Blasus and Sean Hewitt hadexpertly set up MHS’s booth. There were twolarge display cages built by Randy Blasus to holdChiquita the 14’ albino Burmese python donatedby Heather and Brian Ingebretsen. Capone a 5’iguana owned by Ellen Heck was proudly dis-played in the other cage.

By noon Saturday, the aisles were getting difficultto navigate through due to the large crowds. Thenumber of people viewing the MHS booth was 5deep. Our own volunteers lined the tables withcorn snakes, boa constrictors, a bull snake, ablood python, bearded dragon, woma, uromastyx,and many others. Each person answered multi-tudes of questions about what they were holdingin their hands and listened to stories people hadof encounters with reptiles in their lives. The verybest being when someone exclaims that they’venever touched a snake before and the snakedoesn’t feel slimy and feels nothing like theyexpected.

Pet Expo

2005


My son, August, even held his own spot on thetable answering questions about a plastic monitorlizard set out in front of him. He mostly got the, “Isthat real?” question, to which he replied, “It’s areal toy.” Then, unprompted, he told someone asthey were reaching toward the leopard tortoise inthe pen below, “Please don’t touch it on the head.You can touch it on the shell.”

My day was mostly running errands and relievingpeople for breaks- including Randy who wasworking the Will Call booth as partial payment forour booth at the expo. When I was at MHS’sbooth, I had my 3-month-old daughter, Aeryn, in acarrier on me. I lost count the number of times Ihad to explain that I was not worried about hercontracting salmonella from the reptiles. I didemphasize the importance of hand washing withsomeone so young, but dispelled a lot of fearsand misconceptions. In addition to the Hands-Ontime I got to watch a dozen dogs perform andwhoop it up in the “Most Loveable Pooch” contestwhere I was asked to be the judge.

By 7 P.M. Saturday, animals and people bothwere tired. MHS volunteers went out to dinner

together and recapped the day.

The next morning the event started again withsome new volunteers as well as a few from theday before. The animals were a bit more tiredSunday as were the people. Yet, the experienceswere still fun and rewarding to volunteer andpatron alike.

Hands-On events such as this are incredibly valu-able to MHS. It’s one of the best venues to pro-mote and educate the public about these cold-blooded creatures. Many people only briefly see

snakes in the wild and automatically think thatthey are dangerous. Others have only seen rep-tiles on TV shows and have some major miscon-ceptions about how reptiles respond and react tohumans. At these events we are able to dispelcommon misconceptions, myths, and exaggera-tions and hopefully teach people even if they maynot love the reptiles of the world, there are inter-esting things about them. They deserve minimal-ly to be left alone in the wild and not perceived asa menace.

I encourage anyone who has not been to aHands-On event to please take note of when the


next one is scheduled. The U of M Vet CenterOpen House will be held on April 3rd this yearstarting at 11am until 4pm. Hands-Ons are incred-ibly fun, not very difficult to do, you meet wonder-ful people that share you interests, and you pro-mote the well being of the animals. If you don’t getto the general meeting and hear the announce-ments, please call or email Jan Larson, ourEducation Coordinator for additional upcomingevents. There’s typically at least one a monththroughout the year.

A Quick Herp Story for Kids...

If you haven’t already, check out this wonderfulchildren’s book, The Salamander Room by AnneMazer, illustrated by Steve Johnson and LouFancher.

The story begins when a young boy finds a sala-mander, brings it home, and asks his mother if hecan keep it. What follows is a beautifully illustrat-ed and thoughtful story which introduces childrento the interconnectedness of the forest’s ecosys-tem in a simple, playful way. “Where will hesleep?” “What will he eat?” These are some ofthe questions the mother poses to the young boy.He responds very thoughtfully, gradually turninghis bedroom into the forest from which the sala-mander came.

A great bedtime story, this book is relaxing and fullof imagination-- just right for young herpers full ofdreams.


Over 10 Hours

Jodi AhernsKara AlbrechtMonet AugustonMike BackerKaia BackerSage BackerTiffany BakerLinda BittnerMarilyn BlasusRandy BlasusTom BlieseLiz BosmanFred BosmanFaye BoughtonAndrea BruacksJudi BrumfieldMike BushBarb BuzickyDonna CalanderNicole CisewskiTina CisewskiHeather ClaytonConnieCurryChristy DanatharChad DanatharChase DellesAmanda DeWittDave DeWittIone FreemanJ W FremouvTracie FullertonTony Gamble

Kara GieferBeth GirardVern GrasselLaurie GrasselJanna GrasselStephanie

GundersonNancy HaigBruce HaigNancy HakomakiEllen HeckMichelle HewittSean HewittJim HoffmanJody HolstromCaitlan HolstromKen HolstromApril HomichMarie HulslanderBrian IngbretsonHeather IngbretsonGlen JacobsenAmanda JaegerMike JanniTom JessenAlex KaiserSam KarstenPete KazeckBrian KiselyMatt KnottCarmelita KnudsonDaniel KnudsonMarit LangCasey Lang

Mariah LangJan LarsonMerle LarsonChristina LarsonGinny LarsonBeau LarsonJeff LeClereJohn LevellRichard LucasJosh MahlowJen MannaKati MarierLiz MauricioJohn MeltzerSean MenkeGordon MerckAnna MillerLily MorrisBill MossKelly NelsonJamie PajakSam RauschColin RauschElizabeth RedmondAnke ReindersSarah RichardGeorge RichardMike RohwederBill SandbergThomas SasseCheryl SasseArron SasseMark SchmidtkeNicholas Schmidtke

Shanon TaylorTodd TurnerZack TurnidgeDomonique

UlvenessCinci VanderBalesAbby WoldAnanda Wold

Under 10 Hours

Gloria AntonMarla BackerWendy BerghorstDavid BittnerSteven BittnerLiam BonkRichard BonkNicole BurgessKaty Bwen BrazellErin Bwen BrazellNick Bwen BrazellPhillip Bwen BrazellRandy CarsonCaitlin CarverMichael ChalinHolly DriscollAmy ForslandJim GerholdtBecky GirardJillian GundersonAsra HalvorsonAaron HeitJim Heit

Michael HowardJoe JacobsenBruce KellyBen KooikerChad KooikerGene KreyGreg KvanbekJeff LangBob LangMiles LarsonDalton LarsonMarshall LewisLaine McMurrayAmanda MeyersLori MonsonJohn MoriartyDeb NelsonTabitha PascarellaStacy PetersonHarley PfarrCarl RauschCarly RauschPaula RauschJeanine RefsniderJosh SasseZachary SchmidtkeAlex SchmollRuthie SchneiderVincent SchneiderBlake SheldonJustus SimsBill StoneJohn Ward

2004 volunteer hours are up this year to a total of over 6,700 hours - an increase from 6,500 the prioryear. However, activities such as Pet Expo and Renfest continue to boost the total overall volunteerhours. Some interesting numbers include, 162 people volunteered for an average of 41 hours per per-son (up from 2003 at 38 hours). Over 60% of volunteers have greater than 10 hours. The list of vol-unteers is separated by number of hours volunteered in the last year. Those over ten will receive athank you gift from MHS at the April 1st meeting. For all those who donated less then 10 hours we arealso grateful that you were able to donate what time you had to help the Society. The gift is merely anincentive and reward for those who can and do go the extra mile. We hope that all those who will vol-unteer next year can achieve whatever goal they set. -Randy Blasus, President

T h a n k Y o u V o l u n t e e r s !


Minnesota Herpetological SocietyBoard Meeting Review for March 5, 2005By Barb Buzicky, Recording Secretary

Board Members Present:Randy Blasus Sean Hewitt Barb BuzickyTony Gamble Marilyn Blasus Jodi AhernsNancy Haig Fred Bosman Asra Halvorson

Non-Board Members Present:Jeff LeClere Liz Bosman

Meeting was called to order at 6:20 PM at theUniversity of Minnesota Student Center, Room202.

Minutes from October, November, January, andFebruary outstanding.

Treasurer’s Report for January and February, out-standing, and a verbal report was read.

Membership Secretary’s Report was a verbalreport read to the Board, February outstanding.

General Meeting March 4, 2005, not available.

President’s Report:Randy recommends that we have a professionalaccountant do the MHS books due to somereporting errors. Also, someone who can do thetax reporting that is coming due.

Randy continued his series on BoardDevelopment, and there were no questions onthe last segment, Crisis Management. Randyreviewed the segment on Understanding BoardReports for the new Board Members. Asra reada synopsis on the importance of Board Reportsas they are establishing a record of Board activi-ty that will be archived. This information will helpthe Board determine its future and can planaccordingly.

Vice President’s Report:April Dan KeylerMay TBDJune TBDBoard members submitted many suggestions forspeakers to Sean so he can formulate programsfor upcoming meetings

Committee Reports:Grant Request Decision: Two grants were sub-mitted, one from Anne Readel entitled “TheEffects of Habitat Degradation in the Health andConservation of Painted Turtles.” The othergrant was submitted by Tracy J. Patten, entitled“The Conservation of the Massasauga (Sistruruscatenatus) in Nebraska. The Board moved andapproved $500 for the Massasauga Study.

Old Business:MHS is still in need of a Library Assistant. Therewas no progress at the last Midwest CommitteeMeeting as members were not able to attend.The Snakes and Flowers video idea was tabled atthis time. The MHS White Pages are at the print-ers, and they will be mailed out before or after thenext newsletter. Volunteer hours need to beturned in for 2004 quickly. The White Snake Salegross proceeds were $1014. Pet Expo went wellMHS got some good feedback from people.Activity matching to a Board member will be dis-cussed further, tabled for now.

New Business: MHS is in need of a new Treasurer. Newslettersarriving late, people are checking into the reasonsfor the delay. Hastings Pet Expo, Marilyn willcheck into it and report back. Reorder for tattoosand stickers for hands-on, Board moved andapproved $225. MHS flyer supply is depleted, theBoard moved and approved up to $700 for order-

(Board Meeting continued on page 12)


Pythons Grow Bigger Hearts at Mealtimesby James Owen, National Geographic News, March 2,2005. Collected from HerpDigest Volume 5 Issue 31

Burmese pythons like a meal they can really gettheir fangs around, especially since the snakesare known to go half a year or more betweenmeals. That gustatory pause is merely one ofpythons’ more remarkable adaptations.

New research shows that when the reptiles swal-low whole rats, birds, and other prey, the pythons’hearts temporarily grow bigger.

Scientists in California say the snakes experiencea 40 percent increase in heart muscle mass with-in 48 hours of feeding. The change enables thepythons to meet the metabolic demands of digest-ing a meal.

What’s more, the process is fully reversible, withthe snakes’ hearts shrinking back to their originalsize once feeding ends.

Pythons can offer new insights to understandingheart growth in other species, including humans,according to researchers behind the discovery,which is reported in the current issue of the sci-ence journal Nature.

One of the world’s largest snakes, the Burmesepython can grow as long as 25 feet (7.6 meters)and weigh as much as 200 pounds (90 kilo-grams). Native to Southeast Asia, it preys onmammals, birds, and other animals, which thereptile swallows whole. But python meals are fewand far between.

“These animals have a remarkable ability to shutdown their metabolism between meals,” saidJames Hicks, a professor of ecology and evolu-tionary biology at the University of California,Irvine.

“We currently have 1.5-kilogram [3.3-pound]pythons in the lab that have not eaten for threemonths and have only lost one to ten grams [fourto thirty-five hundredths of an ounce] of weight,”noted Hicks, who is also the study’s lead author.

But when these reptiles do feed, Hicks added,they often tackle prey that is 50 to 100 percent thesize of their own body mass. Such meals requirea considerable digestive effort.

“Some investigators have reported as much as a44-fold increase in metabolism during digestion,”Hicks said.

Hicks and his colleagues investigated howBurmese pythons meet the metabolic demands ofdigestion.

They found that oxygen consumption rose seven-fold in lab pythons after feeding. This was accom-panied by an extraordinarily rapid growth in heartsize. The snakes’ heart ventricle muscle mass(ventricles are the heart’s pumping chambers)increased 40 percent in just two days.

The study team was able to link this suddengrowth to increased production of a cardiac pro-tein. The protein is associated with cells thatenlarge the heart and boost its pumping capacity,a condition known as cardiac hypertrophy.

The researchers say feeding-induced cardiachypertrophy likely explains why Burmese pythonspump 50 percent more blood per heartbeat whilequietly digesting a meal than when slithering atfull speed.

Previous studies point to why python hearts needto go into overdrive when these animals digestfood. Researchers report livers growing to threetimes their normal size, intestines doubling inmass, and pancreatic enzyme activity increasing


threefold. Such changes within the snake signifi-cantly raise the demand for oxygenated blood.

Stephen Secor, a biologist at the University ofAlabama in Birmingham, is among those to havestudied digestion in pythons. While most carni-vores are able chew, tear up, or crush their preyfirst, snakes “swallow only intact prey and mustdelegate to the stomach the whole job of breaking[it] down,” Secor said.

Yet once a python has finished its meal, its heartquickly returns to its usual size.

Hicks, the University of California ecologist andevolutionary biologist, said that by quickly remod-eling their hearts depending on whether they arefeeding or fasting, Burmese pythons are able tomatch their metabolism to their bodily needs.

Hicks said he is unaware of any other animal thatis able to do this with such speed.

His lab is currently investigating other reptiles thatfeed intermittently, including lizards and croco-diles. American alligators, for instance, exhibiteda two- to threefold increase in metabolism duringdigestion. But, Hicks added, “So far, we haven’tseen cardiovascular remodeling.”

Nevertheless, hearts are known for their ability toadapt to the physiological demands of their own-ers. Human athletes, for example, often developcardiac hypertrophy in response to vigorous train-ing routines. Benefits of the condition include low-ered heart rates and improved blood circulation.

The difficulty, Hicks said, is in understanding themechanisms that lead to heart remodeling inhumans and other mammals. Such investigationsinvolve complex and highly invasive surgical pro-cedures that could easily result in death.

Hicks and his colleagues propose the Burmese

python as an ideal investigative model instead.

August Krogh, the 20th-century Danish physiolo-gist, once wrote, “For a large number of problemsthere will be some animal of choice, or a few suchanimals, on which it can be most convenientlystudied.”

Krogh’s approach has been a guiding principle forcomparative physiology ever since.

Hicks said if we want to better understand howthe human heart is able to remodel itself, weshould look no further than the Burmese python.

After all, the reptile can grow its heart in the timeit takes to eat its lunch.

ing due to the upcoming Midwest Symposium.Animal sale at the Midwest Symposium, Jodi willsubmit a list of guidelines to the Board at the nextmeeting. Mexico, Land Purchase, tabled. Ericwill be billing us for the books that were orderedfor the library. Next month’s general meeting will

be on April Fool’s Day, April 1st, 2005.

The next Board Meeting will be on April 2, 2005,at the St. Paul Student Center, Room 202, 6:00PM.

Meeting adjourned at 8:09 PM.

(Board, continued from page 10)

Minnesota Herpetological Society Membership Application

Active Memberships: Sustaining ($60/year) Contributing ($30/year) Basic ($15/year)

Corresponding Memberships: Commercial ($25/year 2 Business Card Ads/year)

Required check info. Drivers Lic # State DOBPlease enclose the proper payment with your application. Make Checks Payable To: Minnesota Herpetological Society. Membership is for12 months from the date of approval, a receipt will be sent only upon request. Mail to: Minnesota Herpetological Society, Bell Museum ofNatural History, 10 Church St. SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455. Please allow 6-8 weeks for processing.

New

Renewal

Membership#

Type

Check #

Name

Address

City, State, Zip,

Phone Email List in MHS Directory? Yes No

Herp related interests

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PPPPAAAAGGGGEEEE AAAADDDD....

$$$$ 11110000 PPPP EEEERRRR MMMMOOOONNNNTTTT HHHH$$$$ 11111111 0000 PPPP EEEERRRR YYYYEEEE AAAARRRR****

Advertising Policies

MHS Ad Policy: The MHS assumes NO RESPONSIBILITY regarding the health or legali-ty of any animal, or the quality or legality of any product or service advertised in the MHSNewsletter. Any ad may be rejected at the discretion of the Newsletter Editor. Due to spacelimitations, unpaid and complimentary advertisements are subject to occasional omission.

Classified Ads: All active members are allowed a classified ad, run free of charge as spacepermits. Ads may be ran three consecutive months, after which time they may be resubmit-ted. Corresponding members are allowed a complimentary business card advertisementmonthly as space permits. Due to federal restrictions on Non-profit mailing permits, we arenot allowed to run ads for travel, credit or insurance agencies.

Submissions: All advertisements should be submitted to the MHS Editor, Bell Museum ofNatural History, 10 Church St. SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455. Deadline is the night of theGeneral Meeting for inclusion in the next newsletter. Make checks payable to: MinnesotaHerpetological Society.

MHS AD RATESBusiness card $5/Month $55/Year*1/4 Page $10/Month $110/Year*1/2 Page $20/Month $220/Year*Full Page $40/Month $440/Year*

* Note: 12th month is free on a one year commitment

*12th month is free on a one year commitment

Next Meeting:Friday, April 1, 2005 7:00PMRoom 335 Borlaug Hall, U of M St. PaulCampus

MHS Voice Mail:612.624.7065

MHS Web Page:www.mnherpsoc.org

MINNESOTA HERPETOLOGICAL SOCIETYBELL MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY10 CHURCH STREET SEMINNEAPOLIS, MN 55455-0104

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Vol. 25 (2005), No. 4

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