Voice Weekly-10 51

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Vol.10 / No.51 Monday, January 5 - 11, 2015

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&DykdYuwf

The Product of Myanmar Partners

Think Tank Group

(A Sister Publication of

Living Color Magazine)

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ENVIRONMENT

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EDUCATION28 Oxford University \ \ Blavatnik aumvdyfrS aumvdyfrS ygarmu ygarmu Ms.Maya Tudor ESifh awGUqHkjcif; ESifh awGUqHkjcif;

FOREIGN AFFAIRS39 tdEd,tdEd,k&Sm; cspfMunfa&;k&Sm; cspfMunfa&; 'kZAm; 'kZAm;a'ghpwD;a'ghpwD; oabmwlnDcsuf oabmwlnDcsuf

NEWS ANALYSIS36 vpm0da&m"dvpm0da&m"d

BUSINESS24 aiG,m;av;awG yGm;zdkY aiG,m;av;awG yGm;zdkY

PERSPECTIVE20 b,fvkdajz&Sif;oifhygovJb,fvkdajz&Sif;oifhygovJ

EDITORIAL20 ta~uG;uif;aom ta~uG;uif;aom ESpfopfqDodkY ESpfopfqDodkY

MANDALAY

P.24 rGef;usyfrIMum;u rEav; rGef;usyfrIMum;u rEav;

11FEATURE

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ESpfopful; qkawmif;2015 ESpfopftcgor,wGif pmzwfy&dowftaygif;ESifhwuG jynfaxmifpkEkdifiHawmftwGif;aexdkifaeMuaom wdkif;&if;om;jynfolwpf&yfvkH; pdwf\csrf;omjcif;?

udk,f\usef;rmjcif;ESifh jynfhpkHMuap? rdrdpdkufxkwfxm;onfh BudK;pm;tm;xkwfrI? avhvmoif,lrIESifhnDrSsaom tusKd;tjrwf? atmifjrifrI&&SdMuap/ wm0efod? wm0ef,l? wm0efcHEkdifaom EkdifiHBuD;om;rsm;tjzpf rdrdwdkYudk,fudk,f wnfaqmufjrifhwifEkdifMuap? Nidrf;csrf;rIwnfaqmufa&;? 'Drdkua&pDtoGiful;ajymif;a&;? EkdifiHwnfaqmufa&;? EkdifiHom;tm;vkH; Nidrf;csrf;pGm twl,SOfwGJaexdkifEkdifa&;wdkYtwGuf rdrdwdkYwwfEkdifonfhae&mrS yg0ifulnDaqmif&GufEkdifaom EkdifiHjyKyk*dKvfrsm;jzpfMuapaMumif; tav;teuf qEjyK qkawmif;arwm ydkYotyfygonf/

Chief EditorKyaw Min Swe

Editor in-ChargeZeya Thu

Managing EditorKyaw NaingContributor

Nathan MaungSenior Executive Editors

Kyaw San Min,Khine Cho Zaw Win Tin,Zin Zin Thaw, Thiri Zaw,

Nwet Kay KhineSenior EditorsMya Hnin Aye,

Thu Rein Hlaing@Khunn ThuEditorial Secretary

Aung SoeGraphic Editors

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Swe Nyein Aye, Chan Nyein Phyu, Thiri Win Thu LwinSenior Reporters

Tin Linn, Pyae Phyo Lin,Aung Myint Htun,

Le Yee Myint, Aung HtetReporters

Naw Ko Ko, Kyaw Oo Naing,Sid Nyein Thu, Pyae Phyo Aung,Ye Naing Oo, Khine Cherry Htun, Nyan Myo Aung, Thant Zin Oo,

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Vol.10 / No.51 Monday, January 5 - 11, 2015

orwOD;odef;pdeftpkd;&twGuf

&DykdYuwf

Monday, January 5 - 11, 2015

4 TheVOICE COVER STORY

Green

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5 TheVOICE

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6 Monday, January 5 - 11, 2015COVER STORY

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7Monday, January 5 - 11, 2015 COVER STORY

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8 Monday, January 5 - 11, 2015COVER STORY

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aiGaxmif*Pef;cefYjzihf nvkH; ayguf 0ifa&mufucke fc Gi h f&aom Edkufuvyfrsm;wGif vlwef;pm;aygif;pkH 0ifqefYvmNyD;aemuf aiGaMu;csrf;om onhf txufwef;vTm jrefrmvli,f rsm;? ppfbuft&m&SdBuD;rsm;\ om;orD; rsm;\ oD;oefYpm;usufonf bm;rsm; qDodkY wjznf;jznf; aTUajymif;vmcJh Muonf/

EdkifiHjcm;om;rsm;omru txuf wef;vTmjrefrmvlrsKd;wdk YtMum;wGif vnf; bm;rsm; acwfpm;vmcJhonf/

,cifuawmh jri h frm;aom 0ifaMu;EIef;? t&ufaumifwmtjrihf rsm;? wefzdk;BuD;qdkzmckHrsm;? wefzdk;jrihfEdkifiHjcm;t&ufrsm;? aps;EIef;jrihfrm; aom tpm;taomufrsm;? bdvd,ufckH ESihf taemufwdkif;aw;oGm;NidrhfNidrhfwdkYonf bm;wdkY\ oauFwjzpfcJhonf/

aemufydkif;wGif 0ifaMu;tcrJh

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&S D&Sm; (Shisha) [kac:onhf aq;GufBuD;wpfrsKd; udk Pot [kac:onhf ydkufwyfxm;onhftdk;jzihf SLdIufcGihfay; jcif;onfvnf; bm;rsm;\ 0efaqmifrI wpfckyif/

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nuvyf (Night Club) trsm;pk

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xd kod k Y aiGaMu;okH;pG JEd ki fonhf txufwef;vTm vli,fxktMum; bm;,Ofaus;rI acwfpm;vmonfESihf trQ &efukefNrKd UawmfwGif bm;ta& twGufuvnf; ydkrsm;jym;vmonf/

ta&twGufrsm;jym;vmjcif; ESihftwl omref0efaqmifrIay;onhf bm;rsm;& S douJ hod k Y xl;jcm;aom 0efaqmifrIay;onhf bm;rsm;vnf; tNyKdiftqdkifay:aygufvmMuonf/

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vdifwlcspfolrsm;? a*;rsm;? [dkrdk

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tqdkyg bm;rsm;wGifrl bm;odkY vma&mufol vdifwlcspfolrsm;twGuf trsKd;om;i,fav;rsm;om oD;oefY 0efaqmifrIay;avh&S d Ny D; vdifudp twGufrl bm;twGif;wGif cGihfjyKxm; jcif;r&S daMumif; prf;acsmif;NrK d Ue,f twGif;&Sd Homo bm;wpfckrS 0efxrf; jzpfol touf 26 ESpftG,f udkrdk;wdrfxGef; u ajymonf/

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udkrdk;wdrfxGef; vkyfudkifaeonhf bm;onf vdifwlcspfolrsm;pkpnf;&m ae&mwpfckjzpfaMumif; tifwmeuf pmrsufESmwGif w&m;0ifaMunmxm; onhf bm;wpfckjzpfonf/

txl;ygwDnrsm;wGi f bm; 0efxrf;trsKd;om;i,fav;rsm;u tay: ydkif;Avmusif;jzihf txl;0efaqmifrI ay;avh&SdaMumif;vnf; if;xHrS od&

onf/vdifwlcspfolbm;rsm;wGif a*;rsm;

taejzihf vdifudp jyKvkyfcGihf rjyKxm; aomfvnf; bm;0efxrf;rsm;? jyifyrS vmaom trsKd;om;jynhfwefqmrsm; ESihf csdwfqufum tjyifodkY ac:xkwf&ef cGihfjyKxm;aMumif;vnf; tqdkygbm; rsm;odk Y oGm;avh&S dol udkatmifZif (trnfvTJ) uqdkonf/

omref0efaqmifrIom&Sdaom bm;rsm;tjyif rl;,pfaq;okH;pG Jvdk olrsm;? vdifudppdwf0ifpm;olrsm; twGuf 0efaqmifrIoD;oefY &Edkifonhf bm;rsm;uvnf; vli,fxktwGif; a&yef;pm;vsuf&Sdonf/

oufoufom 0efaqmifrIay; onhf bm;rsm;&SdouJhodkY Shisha ESihf twl aq;ajcmuf? pdwf

12 Monday, January 5 - 11, 2015FEATURE

aiGaomif,Hu jrif;q&mrkd;ckdifrkd;ckdif

vdIif;w0kef;0kef;vdIif;w0kef;0kef; dkufykwfaeonhf yifv,furf;ajcwpfae&mwGif uav;wpfOD; jrif;wpfaumifudkqGJum tarmwaum ajy;vTm;aeonf/ dkufykwfaeonhf yifv,furf;ajcwpfae&mwGif uav;wpfOD; jrif;wpfaumifudkqGJum tarmwaum ajy;vTm;aeonf/ tcsdefu ae&Sdefjyif;onhf rGef;vGJ 2 em&D/tcsdefu ae&Sdefjyif;onhf rGef;vGJ 2 em&D/

ol\ trnfu b0cufcJonhf armifcufcJ/

arG;zGm;csdefrSp b0udk cufcuf cJcJ &yfwnf&Sifoefvm& pufpJ aus;Gm0ef;usifu cufcJ[kom ac: Mu onf/

]]om;udkarG;wkef;u cufvd k Y cufcJvdkY ac: Muwm}} [k armifcufcJ wpfa,muf cufcJtrnfwGifvmjcif; \ ed'gef;tpudk &Sif;jyvmonf/

b0cufcJonhf okH;wef; ausmif; om; armifcufcJwpfa,muf 'DZifbmausmif;ydwf&ufrsm;wGifyif trsm; olig uav;rsm;uJhodkY taqmhrruf tm;/ pufpJurf;ajcwpfavQmufwGif jrif;wpfaumifESih ftNyK di f vl;vm

acgufwkH Yajy;vTm;ae&onf/ tarm azmuf &ifbwfwdkY vdIufzdkaeonhf wdkif tem;raeEdkifcJh/

'DZifbm eHeufcif; pufpJurf;ajc udk jzwfwdkufvmaom yifv,favEkat; wdkYonfvnf; armifcufcJ\ ezl;jyifu pD;usvmonhfacR;wdkYudk vGihfjy,f&ef rpGrf;EdkifcJh&Sm/ ezl;jyifxufu pD;usvm onhf acR;pufwdk Yud k vufzrd k;jzih f yGwfoyfvsuf -

]]om;u ajy;rEdkifbl;/ wpfcg wavus armvd kufwmAsm}} [k armifcufcJnnf;&Smonf/

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arm[dkufaeapumrl c&D;oGm;um; wpfpD;qdkufonfESihf ,if;teD;udk jrif; qGJum tajy;oGm;wwfonf/ G,fwl uav;rsm;ygvmvQif jrif;tiSm;oGuf olaysmfwwfonf/

jrif;qGJolu aES;ae rjzpf/ jrif;ESihf tNyKdifajy;EdkifygrS jrif;pD;ol oabmusrnf/ ,if;aMumihf armifcufcJ ajy;ae&onf/ ajy;&OD;rnf/

]]om;wd k YtzG J UxJu 'DaeY ig; aumifqif;w,f}} [k armifcufcJ u qdkonf/ armifcufcJnTef;qd kaom ]]'DaeY}} u tajccHynmausmif;rsm; \ 'kwd,ausmif;ydwf&uf&Snf 'DZifbm v 27 &ufaeYjzpfonf/ pufpJurf;ajc \ jrif;q&mtrsm;pkonf armifcufcJ

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armifcufcJwdkY0ef;usif&Sd uav; rsm;b0u ausmif;wuf&if; tvkyf vkyf? ausmif;xGuf tvkyfvkyfol ESpfrsKd;om&Sdonf/ NrKdUaeuav;i,f rsm;uJhodkY rdb&ifaiGUvIH ausmif;BuKd ausmif;ydkYjzihf tvkyfrvkyfbJ ausmif; wuf&onhf uav;u r&Sdoavmufyif/

armifcufcJtygt0if rGefjynfe,f twGif;&Sd ausmif;aetG,f uav;rsm; onf rdbrsm;ESihftwl kef;uefvsuf ynmoifMu&onfu rsm;onf/ ,if; uJhodkY kef;uef ynmoifcGihf&onfu

yif armifcufcJwdkYtwGuf r[mtcGihf ta&;ozG,f/

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pufpJurf;ajcwpfae&myif uav;ig;OD;wGif okH;OD;u ausmif;xGuf tvkyfvkyfae&NyDqdkvQif rGefjynfe,f \ tem*wfynma&;u &wufrat; p&m/

,if;aMumihfyif -r Ge fv li,fynmay;tzG J U0i f

pmrsufESm 13 okdYpmrsufESm 13 okdY

"mwfyHkrdk;cdkif"mwfyHkrdk;cdkif

13Monday, January 5 - 11, 2015 FEATURE

usyfaiGESpfrsKd;vkH; vufcHaom bm;rsm; vnf;&Sdonf/

bm;odkY vma&mufolrsm;\ wpfn wm okH;pG JrIrSm tenf;qkH; aomif; *Pef;rS odef;*Pef;txd &Sdonf/

c&prwfyGJawmf? Hollowwin yGJawmf? ESpfopful;yGJawmf nrsm;wGif bm;rsm;rS ygwDyGJrsm; usif;yay;avh &SdNyD; txl;0efaqmifrIay;avh&Sdonf/

tqd ky gy G J r s K d ;w Gi f bm;od k Y vlwpfOD;vQif 0ifaMu; a':vm 300 txd aumufcHavh&SdaMumif;vnf; AdkvfwaxmifNrKdUe,f&Sd bm;wpfckxHrS od&onf/

rdom;pkrsm;? kH;0efxrf;rsm; pkaygif; vma&mufonhf bm;rsm;wGif jyem r&Sdaomfvnf; vli,ftrsm;pk vma&muf onhf bm;rsm;wGifrl jyoemtenf; tusOf;&SdwwfNrJjzpfonf[k DJ tmum u qdkonf/

tqdkygjyemrsm;twGufrl bm;wGif cefYxm;onhf vkHNcHKa&;0efxrf; rsm;u tajyvnfqkH;jzpfatmif udkifwG,f aqmifGufay;avh&Sdonf[k if;u

qdkonf/&efukefNrKd U ? r&rf;ukef;NrKd Ue,f?

tif;vsm;vdyf[dkw,f0if;twGif;&S d 'Da*sbm;wGif 2012 atmufwdkbmv twGif; vli,frsm; tcsif;rsm;&mrS um;jzihfvdkufwdkufojzihf vli,ftcsKdU 'Pf&m &&SdonhfjzpfpOfjzpfyGm;cJhonf/ tvm;wl Ny D ;c J honh f 'DZifbmv twGif;uvnf; Ak'kyfyGm;awmfwGif em;Muyfwyfum aMumfjimxm;onhf bm;wpfckudk omoemawmfndK;EGrf;ap rIESih f oufqdkif&mrS ta&;,lonhf owif;udk vltrsm;pdwf0ifpm;cJhMu onf/

rnfodkYyifqdkap &efukefn&yf0ef; udk bm;,Ofaus;rIu pwifnKdU,lxm; NyDjzpfonf/

teufa&mif rSefwHcg;csyfaemuf wGif pl;&Sonhf *Dw? ysHUvGihfaeonhf Shisha tcdk;taiGU? jyif;&S&S ,rum t&om? avmifNrKdufaeonhf &rufrD; awmufrsm;Mum;wGif vlYrvdkifwpfpk uckefvsuf &efukefn&yf0ef;udk ausmfjzwf aeMuonf/

pmrsufESm 11 pmrsufESm 11 | | &efukefn&yf0ef;\ bm;&efukefn&yf0ef;\ bm; rStquf ... rStquf ...

pmrspmrsufESm 12 ufESm 12 | | aiGaomif,Hu jrif;q& aiGaomif,Hu jrif;q&m rStquf ...rStquf ...

The Voice

OD;pdkufa&m'fwpfa,muf aus;vufae rGefvli,frsm;ta&;ESihf ywfoufonhf if;\aomuwdkYudk 'DZifbmv 28 &uf aeYuusif;yonhf wwd,tBudrf rGefvli,frsm;aeY tcrf;tem;wGif zGihfcsvmonf/

aus;vufae rGefvli,fxkwGif bGJU&ynmwwfOD;a& vGefpGmenf;yg; vmrItay: if;upd k;& dr faeonf/ ynmqkH;cef;wdkifatmif oifMum;Mu &ef xnhfoGif;aqG;aEG;vm&onftxd yif/

OD;pdkufa&m'f pdk;&drfaeonhfwdkif armifcufc Jwd k Y pufp Jurf;ajcu uav;wpfpkujzihf ausmif;xGuf&jcif; tay: BuD;rm;onhf cHpm;csuf&Sd[efrwl/

]]om;xuf wpfxGmavmuf jri h fw J hwp fa,mufu ol Yt dr fu ausmi f ;wufc d ki f ;ayr,h f olu jrif;bufudk pdwf0ifpm;awmh 'Durf;ajc udkyJvmw,f/ jrif;iSm;w,f/ jrif;iSm; &if ydkufqH&w,f/ om;vnf; jrif;buf udk pdwf0ifpm;w,fAs}} [k armifcufcJ wpfa,muf &ifwGif;qEwdk Y zGih f[ vmonf/

a&enf;i g ;wd k YtwGuf b0 vGwfvrf;onfom ckHrif&mjzpfvm acsNyD/ tvkyfvkyfrS aiG&rnf/ aiG&rS b0pdkjynfrnfqdkonhf tawG;rsm;u pufpJurf;ajc uav;i,fwdkY tonf; wGif oHrdIdkufxm;onhfES,f/

armifcufcJaexdkif&m rGefjynf e,f pufpJurf;ajcGmav;wGifomru jrefrmEdkifiHwpf0ef;vkH; NyD;cJ honhf 2012-2013 ynma&;ESpfrS pwif tajccHynmrlvwef; tcrJhynma&; pepf jy|mef;cJ honf/ ,if;aemuf 2014-2015 ynmoifESpfwGif tv,f wef;tqihfxd xyfrHwdk;jrihfay;cJhonf/

odkYwdkifatmif taMumif;trsKd; rsK d ;aMumih f ausmif;raeEd ki fonh f uav;i,faygif; udk;odef;txd &Sdae qJ/ tb,hfaMumihfenf;/ tcrJh r[kwf aom tcrJhynma&;aMumihfavm/

armi fcufc JwGi f nDtpfud k armifESr okH;OD;&Sdonf/ tBuD;rsm;jzpf onhf tpfudkESihf tpfrjzpfolonf xdkif; E d ki fi H oGm;a&muftajccstvkyf vkyfaeolrsm;jzpfonf/ odkYwdkifatmif wpfpkHwpf&m axmufyHhrIrjyKEdkifMu armifcufcJwdkY rdom;pkpm;0wfaea&; u rajyvnf/ ausmif;aetG,f armifcufcJyif rdbESihf twlkef;uef &onftxd/ b0emaom armifcufcJ \tawG;ESih f todu uav;wpf a,mufxufomonf/ uav;vlBuD; tawG;wdkYjzihf -

]]tpfudk tpfrawGu &Srf;jynfrSm tvkyfoGm;vkyf Muw,f/ olwd k Yu aiGrvTJbl;/ om;wdkYtpfudku t&uf aomufw,f/ zJd kufw,f/ olrsm; qdkifu,fiSm;NyD; jyefrvmawmh tcsKyfxJ a&mufoGm;w,f/ [dkwpfcgu aiG ig;aomif;vTJw,f/ wpfcgyJvTJw,f/ aemufrvTJawmhbl;}} [k qdkvmonf/

kef;uef&onhfb0jzihf tom; usvmaeNyD jzpfaom armifcufcJ wpfa,muf ausmif;ynma&;bufwGif pdwf0ifpm;rI &mEIef;avsmh vmacsNyD/ xdktcsufudk armifcufcJ\ pum;wdkYu oufaocHvsuf/

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14 TheVOICE


BUSINESS

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r[kwf olrwlonhf pdwful;? pdwfoef; &Sdolvm;/

ykHrSefqdkvQifvuf&Sdajymif;vJaeonhf pD;yGm;

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29.12.2014 1026 1241 770

30.12.2014 1025 1241 770

31.12.2014 1025 1239 770

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30.12.2014 661200 661600 1186 1186

31.12.2014 664000 663500 1201 1200

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Taninthayi Orchid Survey

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17 TheVOICE PERSPECTIVE


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18 Monday, January 5 - 11, 2015PERSPECTIVE


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19Monday, January 5 - 11, 2015 PERSPECTIVE

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qkdawmh p&dwfokH;rsKd;xJrSm tykdaqmif;p&dwfomr&SdcJhbl;qkd&if ukefpnfawG aps;usEdkifp&m&Sdygw,f/ 'Dtykdaqmif;p&dwfawG[m 0efxrf;awG&JU vpmrvkHavmufrIaMumifhvnf;jzpfEdkifovkd txuf wpfae&mrSm azmfjyxm;wJh EkdifiHawmfb@mtavtvGifhaMumifh vnf; jzpfEkdifygw,f/ vpmenf;wJh0efxrf;awGu bmaMu;nmaMu; jzifh awmif;rSmjzpfovkd &mxl;BuD;wJh 0efxrf;awGuawmh vmbfvmb? tusifhysufjcpm;rI? b@maiGtavtvGifhqkH;IH;rIawGESifh qkdifaeyg vdrfhr,f/ tckvnf; trSefwu,f vpmwkd;jrifhr,fqkd&if tajccH0efxrf; awGtwGuf tqifajyvmEdkifajc&SdNyD; &mxl;BuD;wJh0efxrf;awG twGuf b@maiGtavtvGifhukd MuyfMuyfrwfrwfukdifwG,fr,f qkd&if aiGpuL kdufESdyfxkwfa0p&mrvkdbl;? wjcm;0efxrf;awG&JU Work Effeciecncy vnf; wufvmEkdifajc&Sdw,fvkdYjrifw,f/ 'Dvkd qkd&if tvkyfwGifus,fvmNyD; vkyfief;cGifjrefqefwJhtajctaeawGukd zefwD;vmEkdifw,fvkdY ,lqygw,f/ 'gqkd&if ukefxkwfvkyfrIpGrf;tm; wufvmEdkifajc&Sdwmukd axmufjyvkdygw,f/

aemufwpfcku Speculated Infl iction yJjzpfr,fxifygw,f/ aps;upm;olawGaMumifhjzpf&wJh azmif;yGrIayhg/ aps;upm;olawG

Raw Material Cost Transaction Cost

Infl ation

Trade/Exchange Rate

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20 Monday, January 5 - 11, 2015PERSPECTIVE


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21 TheVOICE NET & TECH

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Voice Weekly-10 51

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