VMware 4.1 Questions

8/12/2019 VMware 4.1 Questions

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Monday, August 15, 2011

VmWare Interview Questions With Answers

VMware 4.1 Questions1. What is HA?VMware HA delivers the availability needed by many applications running in virtual machinesindependent o! the operating system and application running in it. VMware HA providesuni!orm cost"e!!ective !ailover protection against hardware and operating system !ailures withinyour virtuali#ed $% environment.& Monitors virtual machines to detect operating system and hardware !ailures.& 'estarts virtual machines on other physical servers in the resource pool without manualintervention when server !ailure is detected.& (rotects applications !rom operating system !ailures by automatically restarting virtualmachines when an operating system !ailure is detected.

). How HA wor*s?VMware HA continuously monitors all servers in a resource pool and detects server !ailures. Anagent placed on each server maintains a +heartbeat, with the other servers in the resource pooland a loss o! +heartbeat, initiates the restart process o! all a!!ected virtual machines on otherservers. VMware HA ensures that su!!icient resources are available in the resource pool at alltimes to be able to restart virtual machines on di!!erent physical servers in the event o! server!ailure. 'estart o! virtual machines is made possible by the Virtual Machine -ile ystem /VM-0clustered !ile system which gives multiple 2 erver instances read"write access to the samevirtual machine !iles concurrently. VMware HA is easily con!igured !or a resource pool throughVirtual3enter.ey -eatures o! VMware HA

& Automatic detection o! server !ailures. Automate the monitoring o! physical server availability.HA detects server !ailures and initiates the virtual machine restart without any humanintervention.

& 'esource chec*s. nsure that capacity is always available in order to restart all virtual machinesa!!ected by server !ailure. HA continuously monitors capacity utili#ation and +reserves, sparecapacity to be able to restart virtual machines.

& Automatic restart o! virtual machines. (rotect any application with automatic restart in adi!!erent physical server in the resource pool.

& $ntelligent choice o! servers /when used with VMware 5istributed 'esource cheduler /5'00.Automate the optimal placement o! virtual machines restarted a!ter server !ailure.

%he VMware HA olutionWith VMware HA a set o! 2 erver hosts is combined into a cluster with a shared pool o!resources. VMware HA monitors all hosts in the cluster. $! one o! the hosts !ails VMware HAimmediately responds by restarting each a!!ected virtual machine on a di!!erent host.


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6sing VMware HA has a number o! advantages7& Minimal setup and startup. %he 8ew 3luster wi#ard is used !or initial setup. Hosts and newvirtual machines can be added using the Virtual $n!rastructure 3lient.& 'educed hardware cost and setup. $n a traditional clustering solution duplicate hardware and

so!tware must be available and the components must be connected and con!igured properly.When using VMware HA clusters you must have su!!icient resources to accommodate thenumber o! hosts !or which you want to guarantee !ailover. However the Virtual3enter erverta*es care o! all other aspects o! the resource management.& VMware HA 9democrati#es9 high availability by ma*ing it available and cost":usti!iable !orany application regardless o! hardware and operating system plat!orm. VMware HA is !ocusedon hardware !ailure not on operating system or so!tware !ailure. $! you need greater levels andguarantees o! availability to handle those situations you can consider using both VMware HAand traditional high availability approaches together.

VMware HA -eatures

6sing a cluster enabled !or VMware HA provides the !ollowing !eatures7& Automatic !ailover is provided on 2 erver host hardware !ailure !or all running virtualmachines within the bounds o! !ailover capacity.VMware HA provides automatic detection o! server !ailures and initiates the virtual machinerestart without any human intervention.& VMware HA can ta*e advantage o! 5' to provide !or dynamic and intelligent resourceallocation and optimi#ation o! virtual machines a!ter !ailover. A!ter a host has !ailed and virtualmachines have been restarted on other hosts 5' can provide !urther migrationrecommendations or migrate virtual machines !or more optimum host placement andbalancedresource allocation.& VMware HA supports easy"to"use con!iguration and monitoring using Virtual3enter. HAensures that capacity is always available /within the limits o! speci!ied !ailover capacity0 in orderto restart all virtual machines a!!ected by server !ailure /based on resource reservationscon!igured !or the virtual machines.0& HA continuously monitors capacity utili#ation and 9reserves9 spare capacity to be able torestart virtual machines. Virtual Machines can !ully utili#e spare !ailover capacity when therehasn;t been a !ailure.


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=alance our 3omputing 3apacityVMware 5' continuously balances computing capacity in resource pools to deliver theper!ormance scalability and availability not possible with physical in!rastructure. VMware 5'allows us to7& $mprove service levels !or all applications. VMware 5' continuously balance capacity will

ensure that each virtual machine has access to appropriate resources at any point in time.& asily deploy new capacity. VMware 5' will seamlessly ta*e advantage o! the additionalcapacity o! new servers added to a resource pool by redistributing virtual machines withoutsystem disruption.& Automate planned server maintenance. VMware 5' can automatically migrate all virtualmachines o!! physical servers to enable scheduled server maintenance with #ero downtime.& 5ramatically increase system administrator productivity. nable system administrators tomonitor and e!!ectively manage more $% in!rastructure.

'educe nergy 3onsumption in the 5atacenterVMware 5istributed (ower Management /5(M0 continuously optimi#es power consumption in

the datacenter. When virtual machines in a 5' cluster need !ewer resources such as duringnights and wee*ends 5(M consolidates wor*loads onto !ewer servers and powers o!! the rest toreduce power consumption. When virtual machine resource re@uirements increase /such as whenusers log into applications in the morning0 5(M brings powered"down hosts bac* online toensure service levels are met.VMware 5istributed (ower Management allows $% organi#ations to7& 3ut ongoing power and cooling costs by up to )B in the datacenter during low utili#ation timeperiods.& Automate management o! energy e!!iciency in the datacenterVMware 5' /with 5(M0 is included in the VMware vphere nterprise and nterprise (lusedition. 5' and 5(M leverage VMware vMotion /live migration0 to balance load and optimi#epower consumption with no downtime.-eatures%he !ollowing is a list o! the *ey !eatures o! VMware 5'.& Aggregation o! physical server resources. Manage 3(6 and memory across a group o! physicalservers as a uni!orm shared pool o! resources.& -leCible hierarchical organi#ation. Drgani#e resource pools hierarchically to match available $%resources to the business organi#ation. VMware 5' ensures that resource utili#ation ismaCimi#ed while business units retain control and autonomy o! their in!rastructure. 'esourcepools can be !leCibly added removed or reorgani#ed as business needs or organi#ation change.& (riority ettings. Assign priorities in the !orm o! shares or reservations to virtual machineswithin resource pools and to sub resource pools to re!lect business priorities. -or eCample theproduction sub resource pool can have higher shares o! the total resources in a cluster andbusiness critical applications within the production resource pool can have !iCedguarantees/reservations0 o! 3(6 bandwidth and memory& Management o! sets o! virtual machines running a distributed application. Dptimi#e the servicelevel o! distributed applications by controlling the aggregate allocation o! resources !or the entireset o! virtual machines running the distributed application.& A!!inity 'ules. 3reate rules that govern placement o! virtual machines on physical servers. -oreCample a group o! virtual machines can be set to always run on the same server !or


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per!ormance reasons. Alternatively certain virtual machines can be set to always run on di!!erentservers to increase availability. 8ew in vphere 4.1 is the ability to restrict placement o! virtualmachines to a group o! physical servers in a cluster. %his is use!ul !or controlling the mobility o!virtual machines that run so!tware licensed !or a speci!ic group o! physical servers. $n additionthis !eature can be used to *eep sets o! virtual machines on di!!erent rac*s or blade systems !or

availability reasons.& (ower Management. 'educe energy consumption in the datacenter by using the 5istributed(ower Management /5(M0 !eature o! 5' to consolidate wor*loads and power o!! serverswhen they are not needed by the virtual machines in the cluster. When resource re@uirements o!virtual machines increase 5(M brings hosts bac* online so service levels can be met.& Manual and Automatic Mode. VMware 5' collects resource usage in!ormation !rom serversand virtual machines and then generates recommendations to optimi#e virtual machineallocation. %hese recommendations can be eCecuted automatically or manually.o $nitial placement. When a virtual machine is !irst powered on VMware 5' eitherautomatically places the virtual machine on the most appropriate physical server or ma*es arecommendation.

o 3ontinuous optimi#ation. VMware 5' continuously optimi#es resource allocations based onde!ined resource allocation rules and resource utili#ation. %he resource allocation changes can beautomatically eCecuted by per!orming live migration o! virtual machines through vMotion.Alternatively in manual mode VMware 5' provides eCecution recommendations !or systemadministrators.& Maintenance mode !or servers. (er!orm maintenance on physical servers without disruption tovirtual machines and end users. When a physical server is placed in maintenance mode VMware5' identi!ies alternative servers where the virtual machines can run. =ased on automationmode settings the virtual machines are either automatically moved to use the alternative serversor the system administrator per!orms the move manually using the VMware 5'recommendations as a guideline.& Earge"scale management. Manage 3(6 and memory across up to


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operations.& (roactively move virtual machines away !rom !ailing or underper!orming servers.

'eliably Manage Eive Migrations with ase=ene!it !rom the reliability and manageability derived !rom a production"proven product used bythousands o! customers !or years. Eive migration o! virtual machines across your in!rastructure issurprisingly simple with !unctionality that lets you7& (er!orm multiple concurrent migrations to continuously optimi#e a virtual $% environment.& $denti!y the optimal placement !or a virtual machine in seconds with a migration wi#ardproviding real"time availability in!ormation.& Migrate any virtual machine running any operating system across any type o! hardware andstorage supported by vphere including -ibre 3hannel A8 8A and i3$ A8.& (rioriti#e live migrations to ensure that mission"critical virtual machines maintain access to theresources they need.

& chedule migrations to happen at pre"de!ined times and without an administratorGs presence.& Maintain an audit trail with a detailed record o! migrations.

How 5oes VMware VMotion Wor*?

Eive migration o! a virtual machine !rom one physical server to another with VMware VMotionis enabled by threeunderlying technologies.

-irst the entire state o! a virtual machine is encapsulated by a set o! !iles stored on sharedstorage such as -ibre 3hannel or i3$ torage Area 8etwor* /A80 or 8etwor* Attachedtorage /8A0. VMware vtorage VM- allows multiple installations o! VMware 2 toaccess the same virtual machine !iles concurrently.

econd the active memory and precise eCecution state o! the virtual machine is rapidlytrans!erred over a high speed networ* allowing the virtual machine to instantaneously switch!rom running on the source 2 host to the destination 2 host. VMotion *eeps the trans!erperiod imperceptible to users by *eeping trac* o! on"going memory transactions in a bitmap.Dnce the entire memory and system state has been copied over to the target 2 host VMotionsuspends the source virtual machine copies the bitmap to the target 2 host and resumes thevirtual machine on the target 2 host. %his entire process ta*es less than two seconds on a>igabit thernet networ*.

%hird the networ*s being used by the virtual machine are also virtuali#ed by the underlying 2host ensuring that even a!ter the migration the virtual machine networ* identity and networ*connections are preserved. VMotion manages the virtual MA3 address as part o! the process.Dnce the destination machine is activated VMotion pings the networ* router to ensure that it isaware o! the new physical location o! the virtual MA3 address.ince the migration o! a virtual machine with VMotion preserves the precise eCecution state thenetwor* identity and the active networ* connections the result is #ero downtime and no


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disruption to users.

ey -eatures o! vMotion.

'eliability.

(roven by thousands o! customers in production environments since )4 VMotion continues toset the standard !or the most dependable live migration capabilities.

(er!ormance.(er!orm live migrations with downtime unnoticeable to the end users. Dptimal use o! 3(6 andnetwor* resources ensures that the live migrations occur @uic*ly and e!!iciently.

$nteroperability.Migrate virtual machines running any operating system across any type o! hardware and storagesupported by VMware 2.& upport !or -ibre 3hannel A8.

$mplement live migration o! virtual machines utili#ing a wide range o! up to 4>= -ibre 3hannelA8 storage systems.& 8A and i3$ A8 support. $mplement live migration o! virtual machines with lower"costmore easily managed shared storage.& 3ustomi#able 3(6 compatibility settings. nsure that virtual machines can be migrated acrossdi!!erentversions o! hardware. nable virtual machines to bene!it !rom the latest 3(6 innovations.& 8ew " nhanced VMotion 3ompatibility. Eive migrate virtual machines across di!!erentgenerations o!hardware. Migrate virtual machines !rom older servers to new ones without disruption ordowntime.

Manageability& Migration wi#ard.Quic*ly identi!y the best destination !or a virtual machine using real"time in!ormation providedby migration wi#ard.& Multiple concurrent migrations.(er!orm multiple concurrent migrations to continuously optimi#e virtual machine placementacross the entire$% environment.& (riority levels.Assign a priority to each live migration operation to ensure that the most important virtualmachines always have access to the resources they need.& cheduled migration tas*s.Automate migrations to happen at pre"de!ined times and without an administratorGs presence.& Migration audit trail.Maintain a detailed record o! migration operations including dateItime and the administratorsresponsible !or initiating them.

J. What is VMware torage VMotion?


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VMware torage VMotion is a component o! VMware vphereK that provides an intuitiveinter!ace !or live migration o! virtual machine dis* !iles within and across storage arrays with nodowntime or disruption in service. torage VMotion relocates virtual machine dis* !iles !romone shared storage location to another shared storage location with #ero downtime continuous

service availability and complete transaction integrity. torage VMotion enables organi#ations toper!orm proactive storage migrations simpli!y array migrations improve virtual machinestorage per!ormance and !ree up valuable storage capacity. torage VMotion is !ully integratedwith VMware v3enter erver to provide easy migration and monitoring.

How is VMware torage VMotion 6sed in the nterprise?

3ustomers use VMware torage VMotion to7

& impli!y array migrations and storage upgrades.%he traditional process o! moving data to new storage is cumbersome time"consuming and

disruptive. With torage VMotion $% organi#ations can accelerate migrations while minimi#ingor eliminating associated service disruptions ma*ing it easier !aster and more cost"e!!ective toembrace new storage plat!orms and !ile !ormats ta*e advantage o! !leCible leasing models retireolder hard"to"manage storage arrays and to conduct storage upgrades and migrations based onusage and priority policies. torage VMotion wor*s with any operating system and storagehardware plat!orm supported by VMware 2K enabling customers to use a heterogeneousmiCo! datastores and !ile !ormats.

& 5ynamically optimi#e storage $ID per!ormance.Dptimi#ing storage $ID per!ormance o!ten re@uires recon!iguration and reallocation o! storagewhich can be ahighly disruptive process !or both administrators and users and o!ten re@uires schedulingdowntime. With torageVMotion $% administrators can move virtual machine dis* !iles to alternative E68s that areproperly con!igured todeliver optimal per!ormance without the need !or scheduled downtime eliminating the time andcost associated with traditional methods.

& !!iciently manage storage capacity.$ncreasing or decreasing storage allocation re@uires multiple manual steps includingcoordination between groups scheduling downtime and adding additional storage. %his is then!ollowed by a lengthy migration o! virtual machine dis* !iles to the new datastore resulting insigni!icant service downtime. torage VMotion improves this process by enabling administratorsto ta*e advantage o! newly allocated storage in a non"disruptive manner. torage VMotion canalso be used as a storage tiering tool by moving data to di!!erent types o! storage plat!orms basedthe data value per!ormance re@uirements and storage costs.

How 5oes VMware torage VMotion Wor*?


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VMware torage VMotion allows virtual machine storage dis*s to be relocated to di!!erentdatastore locations with no downtime while being completely transparent to the virtual machineor the end user.

=e!ore moving a virtual machines dis* !ile torage VMotion moves the +home directory, o! the

virtual machine to the new location. %he home directory contains meta data about the virtualmachine /con!iguration swap and log !iles0. A!ter relocating the home directory torageVMotion copies the contents o! the entire virtual machine storage dis* !ile to the destinationstorage host leveraging +changed bloc* trac*ing, to maintain data integrity during the migrationprocess. 8eCt the so!tware @ueries the changed bloc* trac*ing module to determine what regionso! the dis* were written to during the !irst iteration and then per!orms a second iteration o! copywhere those regions that were changed during the !irst iteration copy /there can be several moreiterations0.

Dnce the process is complete the virtual machine is @uic*ly suspended and resumed so that itcan begin using the virtual machine home directory and dis* !ile on the destination datastore

location. =e!ore VMware 2 allows the virtual machine to start running again the !inalchanged regions o! the source dis* are copied over to the destination and the source home anddis*s are removed.

%his approach guarantees complete transactional integrity and is !ast enough to be unnoticeableto the end user.

ey -eatures o! VMware torage VMotion

3omplete transaction integrity.8o interruption or downtime !or users and applications during virtual machine storage dis*migrations.

$nteroperability.torage VMotion can migrate storage dis* !iles !or virtual machines running any operatingsystem across any type o! hardware and storage supported by VMware 2.

10 How we manage the licenses i.e. timely updating licenses brie!ly eCplain?

"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""


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)0 $! we !ound HA issue what are steps we should !ollow to resolve the issues?

%o troubleshoot HA errors7

8ote7 Most o! these troubleshooting steps are done on the 2 console.

1.'un this command to veri!y that host name is in lowercase and is !ully @uali!ied7

hostname

).'un this command to veri!y that hostname is shortname only and is in lowercase7

hostname Ls


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%his command should return the -Q58 o! the host

1.Ma*e sure the route !or the service console is correct. %o do this !rom each host ping theother hosts in the environment.

11.Veri!y that all primary service consoles have the same name.1).Veri!y that all primary service consoles are in the same $( subnet.1


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erver system to receive data !rom the vphere 3lient.


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1J0 VM is not able to power o!! how to trouble shoot d issues?

(owering o!! the virtual machine

%o determine i! you must use the command line attempt to power o!! the virtual machine7

1.3onnect VMware $n!rastructure /V$0 3lient to the Virtual 3enter erver. 'ight"clic* on thevirtual machine and clic* (ower o!!.).3onnect V$ 3lient directly to the 2 host. 'ight"clic* on the virtual machine and clic* (owero!!.

$! this does not wor* you must use the command line method.5etermining the virtual machine;s state1.5etermine the host on which the virtual machine is running. %his in!ormation is available inthe virtual machine;s ummary tab when viewed in the V$ 3lientpage.).Eog in as root to the 2 host using an H client.


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(er!orm these steps !irst71.5etermine the World$5 with the command7

T vm"support "C

).ill the virtual machine by using the !ollowing command in the home directory o! the virtualmachine7

T vm"support "2

%his can ta*e upwards o!


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).croll through the list until you see your virtual machine;s name. %he output appears similar to7

vmidPJ1J1 pidP"1 c!g-ileP9Ivm!sIvolumesI4a1a4Fa"dFNaaNe"eN4"1e4!!cJ)eOImdineeentestIvmtest.vmC9 uuidP9J 4d a db a e) eJ


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VMware %echnical upport and open a ervice 'e@uest. (leasere!er to this article when you create the '.1.%o determine i! the virtual machine process is running on the 2 host run the command7

T ps auCwww Rgrep "i .vmC

%he output o! this command appears similar to the !ollowing i! the .vmC process is running7

root


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)N """ Eicense transactions !rom 2 erver


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)


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must manually assign it an $( address.

3onverting an eCisting virtual machine /V)V0ource 5estination %3( (orts 65( (orts 8otes

3onverter server to -ileshare path 44J 1


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"""""""""")0 What is d command to rescan the H=As?

esCc!g"rescan

"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""")N0 How to !ind the world $5 o! a particular VM and what is d VMware proprietary command to*ill the same?

vm"support "CesCcli vms vm list

Eist all running virtual machines on the system to see the World $5 o! the virtual machine youwant tostop.

esCcli vms vm list

) top the virtual machine by running the !ollowing command.

esCcli vms vm *ill ""type ""world"id

%he command supports three ""type options. %ry the types se@uentially /so!t be!ore hard hardbe!ore!orce0. %he !ollowing types are supported through the ""type option7. so!t L >ives the VM2 process a chance to shut down cleanly /li*e *ill or *ill "$>%'M0. hard L tops the VM2 process immediately /li*e *ill "O or *ill "$>$EE0. !orce L tops the VM2 process when other options do not wor*.$! all three options do not wor* reboot your 2I2i host to resolve the issue.

"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""")F0 what is d command to add a route in esC to communicate to di!!erent networ* segment?

3on!igure the route using the command7

Troute add "net 14).1)1.J. netmas* )JJ.)JJ.)J4. gw ))4.JF.1NJ.1 Add the !ollowing lineto IetcIrc.local so that route is set on boot7

TIsbinIroute add "net 14).1)1.J. netmas* )JJ.)JJ.)J4. gw ))4.JF.1NJ.1 %o ensure the routeholds on reboot create an eCecutable !ile.

%o create an eCecutable !ile71.Eogin to the 2 host using a H client.).3hange the directory to IetcIinit.d .


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&2 Host L O>= 'AM "` 5e!ault allocated ervice 3onsole 'AM P 1M=&2 Host L 1)F>= 'AM "` 5e!ault allocated ervice 3onsole 'AM P N= 'AM "` 5e!ault allocated ervice 3onsole 'AM P FM=

cp IetcIvmwareIesC.con! IetcIvmwareIesC.con!.old

cp IbootIgrubIgrub.con! IbootIgrubIgrub.con!.oldIbinIsed "i "e sI)N)IFIG IetcIvmwareIesC.con!IbinIsed "i "e sIJ1)IFIG IetcIvmwareIesC.con!IbinIsed "i "e sI)N)MIFMIG IbootIgrubIgrub.con!IbinIsed "i "e sIJ1)MIFMIG IbootIgrubIgrub.con!IbinIsed "i "e sI)NNJ4IF1F1NIG IbootIgrubIgrub.con!IbinIsed "i "e sIJ)


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di!!erent systems

3onverter 4.C 44< %3( ource 3omputer to be converted 2I2i Host 'e@uired !ordestination VM access when target is 2I2iIv3enter

3onverter 4.C 44< %3( ource 3omputer to be converted v3enter erver 'e@uired i! v3entererver is the conversion target

3onverter 4.C 44< %3( v3enter 3onverter erver v3enter erver 'e@uired i! v3enter erver isthe conversion target

3onverter 4.C 44< %3( v3enter 3onverter erver 2I2i Host 'e@uired !or systemconversion

3onverter 4.C 44< %3( v3enter 3onverter erver Helper Virtual Machine 'e@uired !orconversion o! EinuC"based source computers

3onverter 4.C 44J %3( v3enter 3onverter erver ource 3omputer to be converted 'e@uired !orsystem conversion. 8ot re@uired i! the source computer uses8et=$D

3onverter 4.C O) %3( ource 3omputer to be converted 2I2i Host 'e@uired !or datatransport during cloning o! system to be converted to target 2I2iHost

3onverter 4.C OFO OO %3( v3enter 3onverter erver ource 3omputer to be converted'e@uired !or system conversion. 'emote agent deployment

""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""


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FF F44< VMware v3enter 4 Management Web ervices " H%%( and H%%(

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b. -ilename7 vm*summary

c. %his log records in!ormation used to determine uptime and availability statistics !or 2erver. %his log is not easily readable by humans importinto a spreadsheet or database !or use.

d. -or a summary o! the statistics in an easily viewed !ile see vm*summary.tCt

40 2 erver =oot Eog

a. Eocation7 IvarIlog

b. -ilename7 boot.log

c. Eog !ile o! all actions that occurred during the 2 server boot.

J0 2 erver Host Aagent Eog

a. Eocation7 IvarIlogIvmwareI

b. -ilename7 hostd.log

c. 3ontains in!ormation on the agent that manages and con!igures the 2 erver host and itsvirtual machines /earch the !ile dateItime stamps to !indthe log !ile it is currently outputting to0.

0 ervice 3onsole

a. Eocation7 IvarIlogI

b. -ilename7 messages

c. 3ontain all general log messages used to troubleshoot virtual machines on 2 erver.

N0 Web Access

a. Eocation7 IvarIlogIvmwareIwebAccess

b. -ilename7 various !iles in this location

c. Various logs on Web access to the 2 erver.

F0 Authentication Eog

a. Eocation7 IvarIlogI


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b. -ilename7 secure

c. 3ontains the records o! connections that re@uire authentication such as VMware daemons andactions initiated by the Cinetd daemon.

O0 Virtual3enter HA Agent Eog

a. Eocation7 IvarIlogIvmwareIaamI

b. -ilename7 aamcon!igutilU.log

c. %hese !iles contain in!ormation about the installation con!iguration and connections to otherHA agents in the cluster.

10 Virtual3enter Agent

a. Eocation7 IvarIlogIvmwareIvpC

b. -ilename7 vpCa.log

c. 3ontains in!ormation on the agent that communicates with the Virtual3enter erver.

110 Virtual Machine Eogs

a. Eocation7 %he same directory as the virtual machineGs con!iguration !iles are placed in.

b. -ile8ame7 vmware.log

c. 3ontains in!ormation when a virtual machine crashes or ends abnormally.

Virtual3enter $nstallation Eogs

10 %he !ollowing install logs are located in the B%M(B directory o! the user that installedVirtual3enter

a. vmlic.log i. 3ontains various test results !or provided license !ile during the installation.

b. redist.log i. 3ontains M5A3IM3A5 Q- rollup installation in!ormation

c. vmmsde.log i. 3ontains M5 installation in!ormation

d. vmls.log i. %he Eicense server installation log.

e. [email protected] i. %he Virtual3enter database creation log !ile


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!. vminst.log i. Virtual3enter installation log !ile

g. V35atabase6pgrade.log i. 'esults on upgrading the V3 5atabase.

h. vmmsi.log i. %he V$ client installation log. VpCd".log is a small log !rom the starting theclient the !irst time.

Virtual 3enter Eogs

10 Eocation7

a. 375ocuments and ettingsAll 6sersApplication 5ataVMwareVMware Virtual3enterEogs

)0 8ame7 vpCd"T.log /T is one digit "O0

a. vpCd"indeC contains the T o! the currently active log !ile


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b. -ilename7 various !iles

c. All the %omcat logs are here

esC"console logssysboot"vm*ernel"boot.log sysboot"dmesg"boot.log sysboot"vm*ernel"late.log sysboot"dmesg"late.og sysboot.log

cd Ivm!sIvolumesI2"torage"O4"1IesCconsole"4c44


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esCtop "a "b "d 1 "n


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%he output appears similar to7

8ame (3$ 5river Ein* peed 5upleC 5escriptionvmnic 7. tg< 6p 1Mbps -ull =roadcom 3orporation 8et2treme =3MJN)1 >igabit

thernetvmnic1 N7. tg< 6p 1Mbps -ull =roadcom 3orporation 8et2treme =3MJN)1 >igabitthernet

$n the Ein* column 6p indicates that the networ* adapter is available and !unctioning.).Eist the current virtual switches with the command7

ZrootYserver root[T esCc!g"vswitch Ll


witch 8ame 8um (orts 6sed (orts 3on!igured (orts 6plin*svwitch


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.$! you need to assign a VEA8 use the command7

ZrootYserver root[T esCc!g"vswitch "v "p +ervice 3onsole, vwitch

where is the VEA8 number. A #ero here speci!ies no VEA8.

N.Veri!y the new virtual switch con!iguration with the command7

ZrootYserver root[T esCc!g"vswitch Ll


witch 8ame 8um (orts 6sed (orts 3on!igured (orts 6plin*s

vwitch roup 8ame $nternal $5 VEA8 $5 6sed (orts 6plin*service 3onsole portgroup14 1 vmnic1

F.3reate the vswi! /ervice 3onsole0 inter!ace. -or eCample run the command7

ZrootYserver root[T esCc!g"vswi! La vswi! Li 1O).1F.1.1 Ln )JJ.)JJ.)JJ. Lp +ervice3onsole,ZVnicG warning[ >enerated 8ew Mac address 7J7CC7CC7CC7CC !or vswi!

8othing to !lush.

O.Veri!y the con!iguration with the command7

ZrootYesC[T esCc!g"vswi! Ll8ame (ort >roup $( Address 8etmas* =roadcast nabled 5H3(v swi! ervice 3onsole 1O).1F.1.1 )JJ.)JJ.)JJ. 1O).1F.1.)JJ true !alse

""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""


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""""""""""""""""""""""""""40 What is d command to upgrade the - !romVM-) to VM-


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&2


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Automated -ailover

. $nitiate recovery plan eCecution !rom VMware v3enter erver with a single button.

. Automate promotion o! replicated datastores !or recovery using adapters created by leadingstorage vendors !or their replication plat!orms.

. Cecute user"de!ined scripts and pauses during recovery.. 'econ!igure virtual machinesG $( addresses to match networ* con!iguration at !ailover site.

. Manage and monitor eCecution o! recovery plans within VMware v3enter erver.

WhatGs 8ew in v3enter ite 'ecovery Manager 4?

. (rotect more o! your environment with added support !or 8- storage replication.

. et up many"to"one !ailover using shared recovery sites.

. Eeverage new !eatures in vphere.

"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""4O0 What is d series o! HIW /virtual0 used !or VMGs virtual mother motherImain board?

"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""J0 What r d date store path selections S what r d options available !or networ* load balancing?

ou can display in!ormation about paths by running vic!g"mpath with one o! the !ollowingoptions7. Eist all devices with their corresponding paths state o! the path adapter type and otherin!ormation.vic!g"mpath ""list"paths. 5isplay a short listing o! all paths.vic!g"mpath ""list"compact. Eist all paths with adapter and device mappings.vic!g"mpath ""list"map

Managing (ath (olicies with esCcli

-or each storage device managed by 8M( /not (ower(ath0 an 2I2i host uses a pathselection policy. =yde!ault VMware supports the !ollowing path selection policies. $! you have a thirdparty ((installed on yourhost its policy also appears on the list. %he !ollowing path policies are supported by de!ault7

%able J"1. upported (ath (olicies


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(olicy 5escription

VMW((-$25 %he host always uses the pre!erred path to the dis* when that path isavailable. $! the hostcannot access the dis* through the pre!erred path it tries the alternative paths. $! you use the

VMW((-$25 policy use esCcli nmp !iCed to set or get the pre!erred path

VMW((-$25A( Ctends the VMW((-$25 !unctionality to activepassive andAE6A mode arrays.

VMW((M'6 %he host uses a path to the dis* until the path becomes unavailable. When thepath becomesunavailable the host selects one o! the alternative paths. %he host does not revert bac* to theoriginal path when that path becomes available again. %here is no pre!erred path setting withthe M'6 policy. M'6 is the de!ault policy !or activepassive storage devices and is re@uired

!or those devices.

VMW(('' %he host uses an automatic path selection algorithm rotating through allavailable paths. %hisalgorithm implements load balancing across all the available physical paths. Eoad balancingis the process o! spreading server $ID re@uests across all available host paths. %he goal is tooptimi#e per!ormance in terms o! throughput /$ID per second megabytes per second orresponse times0.

%able J"). (ath (olicy !!ects

(olicy ActiveIActive Array ActiveI(assive ArrayMost 'ecently 6sed Administrator action is re@uired to !ailbac* a!ter path !ailure.Administrator action is re@uired to !ail bac*a!ter path !ailure.-iCed VM*ernel resumes using the pre!erredpath when connectivity is restored.VM*ernel attempts to resume using thepre!erred path. %his can cause paththrashing or !ailure when another ( nowowns the E68.'ound 'obin 8o !ail bac*. 8eCt path in round robin scheduling isselected.

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