VITAMINS

Are native substancesThey are presented in animal and in plant organismsPeople can´t synthetizes vitamins themselvesAre essencial part of our alimentHave a very heterogenous structureCan be derivates of heterocycles, sugars or isoprenoids

aliment = potrava

VITAMINS

Animal organisms intake vitamins like provitamins (= primary vitamins) are like coenzymes part of two-parts fermentsare presented in redox procesesCan effect as protective substances

ferment = enzym

Deficit of vitamins

Complex of disturbences

Serious alteration of organisms

Death

disturbence = porucha

alteration = poškození

Deficit of vitamins

HYPOVITAMINOSIS Smaller income of vitamins Non well-balanced diet Alcoholism Disturbences of ingestion Ingestion of some drugs

AVITAMINOSIS Organism suffers the absolutly lack of vitamins Problem of starving population

ingestion = požívání, přijímání (potravy)

Hypervitaminosis

Overdosage by vitamins

Just liposoluble vitamins

overdosage = předávkování

liposoluble = rozpustné v tucích

Liposoluble vitamins

Vitamin D – carciferol Steroidal character of substance Provitamins are unsaturated sterols, which are changed to vitamins by UV light Important for creating of bones – regulation of phosphorus and calcium deposition Excess of vitamin D

Calcitication of tissues Deficit of vitamin D

Rachitis – children age

liposoluble = rozpustné v tucích, unsaturated = nenasycený

deposition = ukládání, excess = nadbytek, tissue = tkáň

Liposoluble vitamins

Vitamin D Clear fish oil Vitellus Butter

vitellus = vaječný žloutek

Liposoluble vitamins

Vitamin A – retinol Isoprenoidic lipid Deficit – disturb growing

Liposoluble vitamins

Vitamin A – retinol Isoprenoidic lipid Deficit – disturb growing

Provitamin – karotenoidCarrot, leaves of salad, pappers, fruitLiver of fishes, clear fish oil, vitellus, butter

liver = játra

Liposoluble vitamins

Vitamin E – tocoferol Quinol Deficit

Muscular slackness for human Intertility for animals

slackness = ochablost

intertility = neplodnost

Liposoluble vitamins

Vitamin K – fyloquinon Deficit – bad contractability of blood

Liposoluble vitamins

Vitamin K – fyloquinon Deficit – bad contractability of blood Green parts of plants, cabbage, spinage, nettle

spinage = špenát

nettle = kopřiva

Watersoluble vitamins

Vitamin C – ascorbic acid Derivate of glucose Absorption of ferrum Creating of erythrocytes Contractability of blood Infection resistence

Watersoluble vitamins

Vitamin C Citrus fruit, strawberries, papper, current, spinage, hip,

cabbage, horse radish, unboild meat

Thanke you for your attention!