Visual Dictionary Day 3
Transcript of Visual Dictionary Day 3
Air Barrier PaperAn external membrane applied to sheathing which acts as a
weather barrier and helps to prevent water from entering the house
Soffit VentAn opening under the eave of a roof, used to allow air to flow into the attic or the space below the roof sheathing.
Ridge VentA long, open assembly that allows air to circulate in and out
of a gable roof at the ridge.
Gable VentA screened, louvered opening in a gable, used for
exhausting excess heat and humidity from an attic.
Roof TurbineExhausts moist, hot air from your attic and pulls in cooler
air from the outside.
BackhoeAn excavator whose shovel bucket is attached to a hinged boom and is drawn
backward to move the earth. It helps you to dig holes on the jobsite. 18” bucket width
Batter BoardsA temporary frame built just outside the corner of an excavation to carry marks
that lie on the surface planes of the basement that will be built in the excavation.
Brick Arch 1Segmented arch
Brick Arch 2Gothic arch
Arch With a KeystoneRoman Arch with a keystone
CenteringTemporary formwork for an arch, dome, or vault.
Brick Bond 1Flemish Bond- stretcher, header, stretcher, header
Brick Bond 2Running bond- continuous row of stretchers with every
other row is offset ½ brick
Rowlocks
Headers
Soldiers
Stretcher Rowlocks
Sailor
Shiners
Brick Size 1Utility- 3 ½” W x 3 ½” H x 11 ½” L
Brick Size 2King – 3” x 2 5/8” x 9 5/8”
BulldozerA bulldozer is a crawler (caterpillar tracked tractor), equipped with a
substantial metal plate (known as a blade), used to push large quantities of soil, sand, rubble, etc., during construction work.
Brick Cladding
EIFS Cladding
Stone CladdingRandom Rubble
Wood Board Cladding
Wood Shakes CladdingWood Shake- small shingle split from a block of wood that
gives it a rough texture and uneven depthsWood Shingle- sawn shingle, more smoother and uniform;
also larger in size
Code Picture 1Code requirements- minimum opening of 5.7 square feet(5
feet if sill is less than 44” off FFE). Opening width 20” minimum , and opening height 24” minimum
Our Measurements- 7.04 sq feet and 20 “ above FFE
Control JointAn intentional, linear discontinuity in a structure or component, designed to form a plane of weakness where cracking can occur in response to various forces so as to minimize or eliminate cracking elsewhere in the structure.
Code Picture 2Code requirements- Riser height 7 ¾” maximum , tread
depth 10”nosing to nosing
Our measurements- 7 1/2 “ riser and 1’ tread
Isolation JointA pavement joint that allows relative movement in three directions
and avoids formation of cracks elsewhere in the concrete and through which all or part of the bonded reinforcement is interrupted.
CMU Pic 1A hardened block of concrete usually laid like regular
masonry brick. The hollow core allows the blocks to be filled with concrete which adds to the strength. CMU is more economical than cast concrete, and when properly
laid one course is equal to 3 courses of standard bricks. A typical CMU unit measures 8” x 8” x 16”
CMU Pic 24” CMU
CMU Pic 310” CMU
Split Face Block
Ribbed Block
Flush Door
Panel Door
Top Rail
Style
Panel
Lock Rail
Bottom Rail
TransomA small window directly above a door.
SidelightA tall, narrow window along-side a door.
Power Pole with a TransformerSteps down electricity from a few thousand volts to 110v/220v service which is useable for the house
transformer
Service HeadBrings the electricity into the actual meter and isolates that particular residence through an in-line fuse which prevents the house wiring from interfering with other structures on
the grid
Service Head
MeterMeasures how much electricity is being used
Meter
Service PanelThe point where electricity enters the home and is
distributed throughout to the home through individual circuits or to other panels
Service Panel
Duplex ReceptacleWhere power is accessed from the home
Anchor Bolt1.
Sill Plate2.
Floor Joist3.
Subflooring4.
Sole Plate5.
Stud6.
Top Plate7.
Unfinished Stringer8.
Ceiling Joist9.
Rafter10.
Roof Decking11.
Sheathing12.
Front End LoaderUsed for transporting piles of dirt or other materials at a
jobsite. Unlike a bulldozer it can scoop dirt off the ground and move it rather than just push it around.
Gypsum BoardAn interior finish that consists of a gypsum core between
two faces of paper
Compressor/EvaporatorCompresses the refrigerant gas which gives off heat, thus cooling the air as it flows across the cooler coils of the air
handling unit
~one advantage of the heat pump system is that it’s the most efficient way to heat and cool a home
Air Handling UnitForces the air through the system with the use of a blower
fan. Also has a heating unit which warms air as it goes through it before distributing it throughout the house
~one disadvantage of a heat pump system is that it is noisy and one must account for this in the placement of the
compressor unit
Insulation
The purpose of insulation is to regulate the flow of heat and sound in a building In the summer the insulation keeps cold air in
and hot air out In the winter it keeps hot air in and cold air
out
Batt/Blanket InsulationStrips or rolls of fiberglass insulation used to insulate walls
and cielings
Loose Fill InsulationLoose fiberglass or paper insulation blown into place
Foamed InsulationA mixture of chemicals that react and expand. It is spray
applied and is the best form of insulation to completely seal off penetrations
Rigid InsulationRigid insulation is insulation that is in the form of sheets used for exterior sheathing of walls as well as insulation
LintelA beam that carries the load of a wall over an opening such
as a window or door
Mortar Joint 1Concave Joint; tooled joint; 3/8” thick; it is used on a brick
clad building; Type N mortar
Mortar Joint 2Extruded; neither tooled nor troweled; 3/8” thick; used on a
brick clad house; Type N
Oriented Strand BoardA nonveneered panel made of strands of wood glued and
compressed together in several layers. Each layer is oriented a different way to increase strength
LavatoryUses 1 ½ inch diameter piping for drainage
Water ClosetUses a 3 inch diameter pipe to drain
Tub and Studs
Plumbing VentAllows the air to enter the plumbing system eliminating a
vacuum allowing water to drain from the pipes
Kitchen SinkUnder-mount sink
PlywoodMade by gluing thin veneers of wood together rotating each
layer 90 degrees. This provides greater strength and minimizes moisture movementVeneer- a thin layer or facing
Radiant BarrierRadiant barriers are typically installed on top of rafters or
under them to reflect radiant heat from the house
Rebar#4 (1/2” diameter)- the purpose of the deformations is to
help it bond to the concrete better and not slip out
GutterA channel that collects rainwater at the eave of a roof and
moves it to the downspout
Gutter
DownspoutA vertical pipe that directs the water from the gutter to a
lower level discharge point
Downspout
Splash BlockA precast concrete or plastic block used to dissipate the
water at ground level so the ground around it doesn’t erode
Roof UnderlaymentUnderlayment- layer of waterproof material such as
building felt between roof sheathing and roofing
Clay Tile Roof
Shingle RoofSlate Shingle Roof
Shingle- A small unit of water resistant material nailed in overlapping fashion with many other such units to render a
wall or sloping roof water tight.
Metal RoofTypical Materials Used: Galvanized or Aluminzed Steel
Gable Roof
Gambrel Roof
Hip Roof
Mansard Roof
Ridge The level intersection of two roof planes in a gable roof
ValleyA trough formed by the intersection of two roof slopes
EaveThe horizontal edge at the low side of a sloping roof
RakeThe sloping edge of a steep roof
SoffitThe undersurface of a horizontal element of a building,
especially the underside of a stair or roof overhang
FasciaThe exposed vertical shape of an eave
Roof With Fascia
Roof without FasciaHouse with exposed rafter tails
Stone
Random Rubble
Coursed Rubble
Random Ashlar
Coursed Ashlar
Random Rubble
Vapor RetarderVapor Retarder- a layer of material intended to obstruct the passage of water vapor through a building assembly. It is
placed on the warm in winter side
WaterproofingAn impervious membrane applied to the outside of a
foundation to keep water out of the foundation. This is a photo of liquid applied
Weep HoleSmall opening whose purpose is to permit drainage of water that accumulates inside a building componet or
assembly
Weep Hole
Welded Wire Fabric6” X 6” Grid
Window 1Single Hung Window
Only the bottom sash opens
Window 2Casement Window
The Window opens out from a side hinge
Window 3Jalousie
Small panels of glass are cranked open