History of Typography. Understanding Typography A brief history of printed communication.
Visual Communication in Science - Graduate school...Visual Communication Visual communication uses...
Transcript of Visual Communication in Science - Graduate school...Visual Communication Visual communication uses...
March 19, 2019
Judith A. MoldenhauerProfessor of Art, Graphic DesignDepartment of Art and Art History
Visual Communication in Science
What Do You Want Me to Know?
Visual Communication / Relationships / Science
Visualization of information communicates
• Concepts – the relationship of ideas
• Data – the relationship of research results
(changes data to information)
http://www.edwardtufte.com/bboard/q-and-a-fetch-msg?msg_id=0002w4&topic_id=1&topic=
http://www.edwardtufte.com/bboard/q-and-a-fetch-msg?msg_id=0002w4&topic_id=1&topic=
Visual Communication
Visual communication uses images – typography
and pictures – that enable people to exchange
information in meaningful ways.
Visual communication displays relationships
within information.
The same information can tell you different things
depending on how it is organized.
Dog Breeds
Airedale
American Pit Bull Terrier
Australian Cattle Dog
Bassett Hound
Beagle
Bloodhound
Blutick Coonhound
Boston Terrier
Border Collie
Boxer
Bulldog
Collie
Cardigan Welsh Corgi
Chihuahua
Chow chow
Pointer
Pekingese
Pomeranian
Shar-pei
St. Bernard
Schipperke
Rottweiler
Vizsla
Weimaraner
Whippet
Yorkshire Terrier
Dachshund
Doberman Pinscher
Fox Terrier
German Shepherd
Giant Schnauzer
Golden Retreiver
Irish Setter
Jack Russell Terrier
Laborador Retreiver
Llasa Apso
Minature Poodle
Newfoundland
Norweigan Elkhound
Old English Sheepdog
Australia
Australian Cattle Dog
Belgium
Bloodhound
Schipperke
Canada
Laborador Retreiver
Newfoundland
China
Chow chow
Pekingese
Shar-pei
Mexico
Chihuahua
Norway
Norweigan Elkhound
Switzerland
St. Bernard
Tibet
Llasa Apso
Untied States
American Pit Bull Terrier
Boston Terrier
Bluetick Coonhound
Germany
Boxer
Dachshund
Doberman Pinscher
German Shepherd
Giant Schnauzer
Pomeranian
Rottweiler
Weimaraner
Hungary
Vizsla
Ireland
Irish Setter
Dog Breeds / Country of Origin
England
Airedale
Beagle
Border Collie
Bulldog
Cardigan Welsh Corgi
Fox Terrier
Old English Sheepdog
Collie
Golden Retreiver
Jack Russell Terrier
Pointer
Whippet
Yorkshire Terrier
France
Bassett Hound
Minature Poodle
Dog Breeds / American Kennel Club (AKC) Groups
Sporting
Golden Retreiver
Laborador Retreiver
Weimaraner
Vizsla
Hound
Bassett Hound
Beagle
Bloodhound
Bluetick Coonhound
Dachshund
Norweigan Elkhound
Whippet
Toy
Chihuahua
Pekingese
Pomeranian
Yorkshire Terrier
Herding
Australian Cattle Dog
Border Collie
Cardigan Welsh Corgi
Collie
German Shepherd
Old English Sheepdog
Working
Boxer
Doberman Pinscher
Giant Schnauzer
Newfoundland
Pointer
Rottweiler
St. Bernard
Terrier
Airedale
Fox Terrier
Jack Russell Terrier
American Pit Bull Terrier
(called American
Staffordshire Terrrier by
AKC)
Non-sporting
Boston Terrier
Bulldog
Chow Chow
Llasa Apso
Minature Poodle
Schipperke
Shar-pei
Dog Breeds / Size
Large
Airedale
Bluetick Coonhound
Bloodhound
Boxer
Chow Chow
Collie
Doberman Pinscher
German Shepherd
Giant Schnauzer
Golden Retriver
Small
Bulldog
Cardigan Welsh Corgi
Chihuahua
Dachshund
Llasa Apso
Pekingese
Pomeranian
Schipperke
Yorkshire Terrier
Medium
American Pit Bull Terrier
Australian Cattle Dog
Beagle
Border Collie
Boston Terrier
Shar-pei
Minature Poodle
Fox Terrier
Whippet
Irish Setter
Laborador Retreiver
Newfoundland
Old English Sheepdog
Pointer
Rottweiler
St. Bernard
Weimaraner
Vizsla
Visual Communication / Relationships
What do you want me to understand about those
information relationships? What is the take away?
Once you know what you want to me to know about
the information, you need to make visual choices
about the images – typography and pictures – that
support what you want me to understand.
Hierarchy of Information / Visualize Relationships
What you choose will reveal the hierarchy of the
information – that is, what you want to see first,
second, third, etc. – and visualize the relationships
within the information.
Your visual choices use signals to reveal the hierarchy.
Visual Signaling / Visual Grammar
Visual variables include
• Size
• Weight
• Shape
• Spacing
• Color
• Placement
Change the signaling and you change
• the hierarchy of the information
• the relationship of the elements in an image
• change the meaning of the information.
Students
Teaching Communication Business Law Community Engagement Government Agencies
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Healthcare Administration
❖Industry
Bio-tech / Pharma
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AcademicPUI / CC
Doctoral Studies + Modules
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AcademicResearch University
Government
✸Patents +
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Healthcare Communication
AdvocacyOrganizations
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Post-Doctoral Studies
▼▼Industry
Bio-tech / Pharma / Other
Students
Teaching Communication Business Law Community Engagement Government Agencies
●▲
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◆
Healthcare Administration
❖Industry
Bio-tech / Pharma
❂
AcademicPUI / CC
Doctoral Studies + Modules
▼
▼
AcademicResearch University
Government
✸Patents +
Legal Affairs
Healthcare Communication
AdvocacyOrganizations
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Post-Doctoral Studies
▼▼Industry
Bio-tech / Pharma / Other
Students
Teaching Communication Business Law Community Engagement Government Agencies
●▲
■
◆
Healthcare Administration
❖Industry
Bio-tech / Pharma
❂
AcademicPUI / CC
Doctoral Studies + Modules
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AcademicResearch University
Government
✸Patents +
Legal Affairs
Healthcare Communication
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Post-Doctoral Studies
▼▼Industry
Bio-tech / Pharma / Other
AdvocayOrganizations
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Teaching Communication Business Law Community Engagement Government Agencies
Doctoral Studies
Phase 3: Internship1 semester
Year 1
Year 2
Year 3
Year 4
Year 5
Phase 1: Introduction1 day / 8 hours
Phase 2: Workshops – Choose 31 day / 8 hours each workshop
PhD Degree Completion
❖❂
✸❏
❇Healthcare Administration
IndustryBio-tech / Pharma
❉ AcademicPUI / CC
AcademicResearch University
Government
Patents +Legal Affairs
▼
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▼Healthcare Communication
AdvocacyOrganizations
Modules
Master’s Degree
Master’s Degree
Master’s Degree
Graduate Certificates
Graduate Certificates
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Teaching Communication Business Law Community Engagement Government Agencies
Doctoral Studies
Phase 3: Internship1 semester
Year 1
Year 2
Year 3
Year 4
Year 5
Phase 1: Introduction1 day / 8 hours
Phase 2: Workshops – Choose 31 day / 8 hours each workshop
PhD Degree Completion
❖❂
✸❏
❇Healthcare Administration
IndustryBio-tech / Pharma
❉ AcademicPUI / CC
AcademicResearch University
Government
Patents +Legal Affairs
▼
▼▼
▼Healthcare Communication
AdvocacyOrganizations
Modules
Master’s Degree
Master’s Degree
Master’s Degree
Graduate Certificates
Graduate Certificates
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Hierarchy of Information / Tufte
Edward Tufte
• The Visual Display of Quanitiative Information
• Envisioning Information
• Visual Explanations
• Beautiful Evidence
Chartjunk
Data-ink ratio
Tufte, The Visual Display of Quantiative Information
https://www.biostat.wisc.edu/~kbroman/topten_worstgraphs/roeder_fig4.jpg
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▲
■
◆
✱
Teaching Communication Business Law Community Engagement Government Agencies
Doctoral Studies
Phase 3: Internship1 semester
Year 1
Year 2
Year 3
Year 4
Year 5
Phase 1: Introduction1 day / 8 hours
Phase 2: Workshops – Choose 31 day / 8 hours each workshop
PhD Degree Completion
❖❂
✸❏
❇Healthcare Administration
IndustryBio-tech / Pharma
❉ AcademicPUI / CC
AcademicResearch University
Government
Patents +Legal Affairs
▼
▼▼
▼Healthcare Communication
AdvocacyOrganizations
Modules
Master’s Degree
Master’s Degree
Master’s Degree
Graduate Certificates
Graduate Certificates
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Diagrams and Charts / Examples
Some categories of diagrammatic conventions +
their problems
• Pie chart
• Bar chart
• Venn diagram
• Tree diagram
• Network diagram
Diagrams and Charts / Examples
Some categories of diagrammatic conventions +
their problems
• Poor use of typography
• Overuse of boxes and arrows
• Tendency to become too complex –
trying to do too much at once
• Use of 3D features that are irrelevant
to the data
http://www.stevefenton.co.uk/Content/Blog/Date/201109/Blog/The-Latest-Shameful-Pie-Chart/?Page=Blog&Date=201109&Blog=The-Latest-Shameful-Pie-Chart
http://skydancingblog.com/tag/federal-spending/
http://corrupteddevelopment.com/8-free-growth-graph-and-pie-chart-designs/
http://www.smartdraw.com/software/bar-chart-examples.htm
http://www.smartdraw.com/software/bar-chart-examples.htm
http://www2.southeastern.edu/Academics/Faculty/dgurney/Math241/StatTopics/GraphGuide2.htm
http://www.small-farm-permaculture-and-sustainable-living.com/planting_companion_vegetables_and_herbs.html
https://emlyntech.wordpress.com/
http://aspe.hhs.gov/sp/reports/2010/erpreqlim/report.shtml
http://www.publicinvolvement.org.uk/2011/05/controlling-the-nhs-a-new-prescription-for-a-lansley/network-diagram-2/
Systems of Visual Organization (SOVs)
• Axial
• Bilateral
• Radial
• Translateral
• Grid
• Modular
• Golden Rectangle
• Random
SOVs help structure visual signaling and the
relationships within information.
SOV / Axial
https://emlyntech.wordpress.com/
SOV / Bilateral
http://nrich.maths.org/7288
SOV / Radial
http://aspe.hhs.gov/sp/reports/2010/erpreqlim/report.shtml
SOV / Translateral
http://it.toolbox.com/blogs/enterprise-solutions/deliverable-current-situation-assessment-classic-30906
SOV / Grid
http://metricmetal.com/standards_comparison.htm [top section]
SOV / Modular
http://ritter.tea.state.tx.us/student.assessment/resources/online/2006/grade11/science/11science.htm
SOV / Golden Rectangle
http://test.modemaudio.com/cras_mics/images/000000045_imgpattern.gif
SOV / Random
http://www.expertsmind.com/questions/classification-and-selection-of-kpi-30131986.aspx
Visual Communication / Relationships / Science
Visual signaling in scientific diagrams
How can we use the grammar of visual design –
the visual variables and systems of visual
organization – to more effectively communicate
scientific ideas and data?
http://www.edwardtufte.com/bboard/q-and-a-fetch-msg?msg_id=0002w4&topic_id=1&topic=
http://www.edwardtufte.com/bboard/q-and-a-fetch-msg?msg_id=0002w4&topic_id=1&topic=
Visual Communication / Science
Using what you have learned today…
Design a diagram using the research data you
brought this session.
• What is the most important thing you want me
to know about your data?
• How can you use visual signaling to communicate
the data most effectively?
Resources (Books)
Stephen Few
Now You See It
Katherine Harmon
Personal Geographies and Other Maps of the Imagination
Isabel Meirelles
Design for Information
Denis Wood
The Power of Maps; Rethinking the Power of Maps
Resources (Internet)
Karl Broman, University of Wisconsin
https://www.biostat.wisc.edu/~kbroman/topten_worstgraphs/
The 27 Worst Charts of All Time
http://www.businessinsider.com/the-27-worst-charts-of-all-
time-2013-6?op=1
Charts Dos and Don’ts
http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/daviz/learn-more/
chart-dos-and-donts
Resources (Videos and Journal Article)
Proving the Value of Visual Design in
Scientific Communication
Karen Cheng, University of Washington
https://vimeo.com/181771433 or
http://informationplusconference.com/2016/
A Brief Guide to Designing Effective Figures for
the Scientific Paper
Marco Rolandi, Karen Cheng, and Sarah Pérez-Kriz
Advanced Materials, vol. 23, issue 38, 2011
https://vimeo.com/29189670
Thank you!
March 19, 2019
Judith A. MoldenhauerProfessor of Art, Graphic DesignDepartment of Art and Art History
Visual Communication in Science
What Do You Want Me to Know?