Viruses. Biology of Viruses Structure of Viruses: Size -Less then 0.2 microns Parts of the Virus...

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Viruses Viruses

Transcript of Viruses. Biology of Viruses Structure of Viruses: Size -Less then 0.2 microns Parts of the Virus...

Page 1: Viruses. Biology of Viruses Structure of Viruses: Size -Less then 0.2 microns Parts of the Virus 1)Capsid: -Made of protein subunits 2) Inner core: made.

Viruses

Viruses

Page 2: Viruses. Biology of Viruses Structure of Viruses: Size -Less then 0.2 microns Parts of the Virus 1)Capsid: -Made of protein subunits 2) Inner core: made.

Biology of Viruses

Structure of Viruses:Size - Less then 0.2 microns Parts of the Virus1) Capsid: - Made of protein subunits 2) Inner core: made of a double or single strand of nucleic acids (DNA and RNA)3) Envelope:- A lipid membrane that surrounds the virus. 4) Spikes:-Glycoproteins found on the outer side of the envelope

Page 3: Viruses. Biology of Viruses Structure of Viruses: Size -Less then 0.2 microns Parts of the Virus 1)Capsid: -Made of protein subunits 2) Inner core: made.

Virus Anatomy

Page 4: Viruses. Biology of Viruses Structure of Viruses: Size -Less then 0.2 microns Parts of the Virus 1)Capsid: -Made of protein subunits 2) Inner core: made.

Viral Reproduction

Viral Reproduction: Every virus has a specific host that it needs for reproduction.

Eg. Bacteriophage: A virus that infects bacteriaEg 2. Different strains of the flu virus infect

different types of animals (Bird flu)

Page 5: Viruses. Biology of Viruses Structure of Viruses: Size -Less then 0.2 microns Parts of the Virus 1)Capsid: -Made of protein subunits 2) Inner core: made.

How do viruses detect their host

Detecting the host: Every cell has a chemical marker on its surface.

The spike on the virus surface will only bond to the chemical marker on the right host cell

Page 6: Viruses. Biology of Viruses Structure of Viruses: Size -Less then 0.2 microns Parts of the Virus 1)Capsid: -Made of protein subunits 2) Inner core: made.

Life Cycle of an RNA Virus1) Attachment (a): Virus spikes bind to the surface receptor of

its host cell (Also known as hijacking)2) Entry (b): Envelope of the virus binds to the cell membrane

of the host. Once fused the virus releases its contents into the cell.

Page 7: Viruses. Biology of Viruses Structure of Viruses: Size -Less then 0.2 microns Parts of the Virus 1)Capsid: -Made of protein subunits 2) Inner core: made.

Life Cycle of an RNA Virus3) Replication: Virus makes complementary copies of its

RNA.4) Biosynthesis (c): mRNA produces more capsids and

spike proteins using the host’s ribosomes

Page 8: Viruses. Biology of Viruses Structure of Viruses: Size -Less then 0.2 microns Parts of the Virus 1)Capsid: -Made of protein subunits 2) Inner core: made.

Life Cycle of an RNA Virus5) Assembly (d): The newly synthesized parts are put together creating

new viruses.6) Budding (e): New viruses are released by pinching off the

membrane of the host cell with the contents of the new virus inside of it

Page 9: Viruses. Biology of Viruses Structure of Viruses: Size -Less then 0.2 microns Parts of the Virus 1)Capsid: -Made of protein subunits 2) Inner core: made.

Latency

Latency: Some viruses remain undetected inside the host cell for a period of time. This hidden period of time is called latency

During the latent period the virus replicates its genome (genetic material) but does not produce new viruses.

Page 10: Viruses. Biology of Viruses Structure of Viruses: Size -Less then 0.2 microns Parts of the Virus 1)Capsid: -Made of protein subunits 2) Inner core: made.

LatencyLatency: Some viruses remain undetected inside the host

cell for a period of time. This hidden period of time is called latency

During the latent period the virus replicates its genome (genetic material) but does not produce new viruses.

Triggering Biosynthesis in a Latent Virus: Environmental factors can trigger biosynthesis in latent virus. Triggers include UV radiation or a change in temperature

Page 11: Viruses. Biology of Viruses Structure of Viruses: Size -Less then 0.2 microns Parts of the Virus 1)Capsid: -Made of protein subunits 2) Inner core: made.

Viruses Viruses are nucleic acids (DNA/RNA) wrapped in protein Typically the protein coat, or capsid, of an individual virus particle, or virion, is composed.

Viruses Viruses are nucleic acids (DNA/RNA) wrapped in protein Typically the protein coat, or capsid, of an individual virus particle, or virion, is composed.

BACTERIA AND VIRUSES. DNA core Protein coat (capsid) Characteristics: Parasitic Replicate only inside host @ phenomenal rate.

BACTERIA AND VIRUSES. DNA core Protein coat (capsid) Characteristics: Parasitic Replicate only inside host @ phenomenal rate.

Unit 5: Classification and Kingdoms Viruses. Viruses Viruses: infectious particles made up of nucleic acid, protein coat, and sometimes lipids Viruses:

Unit 5: Classification and Kingdoms Viruses. Viruses Viruses: infectious particles made up of nucleic acid, protein coat, and sometimes lipids Viruses:

Chapter 18 Bacteria and Viruses. What is a virus? Is an infectious particle made of up a protein capsid and DNA or RNA but never both It cannot replicate.

Chapter 18 Bacteria and Viruses. What is a virus? Is an infectious particle made of up a protein capsid and DNA or RNA but never both It cannot replicate.

Viruses. Characteristics of Viruses Non cellular structures – do not have membranes or any cell organelles. Consist of an outer protein coat (capsid)

Viruses. Characteristics of Viruses Non cellular structures – do not have membranes or any cell organelles. Consist of an outer protein coat (capsid)

Chapter 13 · 2013-09-30 · 13.1. GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF VIRUSES Virion (viral particle) is nucleic acid, protein coat • Protein coat is capsid: protects nucleic acids •

Chapter 13 · 2013-09-30 · 13.1. GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF VIRUSES Virion (viral particle) is nucleic acid, protein coat • Protein coat is capsid: protects nucleic acids •

Chapter 19: Viruses chapte… · Viruses come in 4 basic morphological types: 1. Icosahedral Viruses •capsomeres in capsid have a “polyhedral” arrangement 2. Helical Viruses

Chapter 19: Viruses chapte… · Viruses come in 4 basic morphological types: 1. Icosahedral Viruses •capsomeres in capsid have a “polyhedral” arrangement 2. Helical Viruses

Anti-viral drugs Viruses have no cell wall and made up of nucleic acid components Viruses containing envelope – antigenic in nature Viruses are obligate.

Anti-viral drugs Viruses have no cell wall and made up of nucleic acid components Viruses containing envelope – antigenic in nature Viruses are obligate.

A VP26-mNeonGreen Capsid Fusion HSV-2 Mutant Reactivates … VP26... · viruses Article A VP26-mNeonGreen Capsid Fusion HSV-2 Mutant Reactivates from Viral Latency in the Guinea Pig

A VP26-mNeonGreen Capsid Fusion HSV-2 Mutant Reactivates … VP26... · viruses Article A VP26-mNeonGreen Capsid Fusion HSV-2 Mutant Reactivates from Viral Latency in the Guinea Pig

Chapter 13 - Bellarmine University Readings...13.1. GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF VIRUSES Virion (viral particle) is nucleic acid, protein coat • Protein coat is capsid: protects nucleic

Chapter 13 - Bellarmine University Readings...13.1. GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF VIRUSES Virion (viral particle) is nucleic acid, protein coat • Protein coat is capsid: protects nucleic

Section 18.1: Viruses Vocabulary: virus, host cell, bacteriophage, capsid, lytic cycle, lysogenic cycle, provirus, retrovirus, prions, viroids.

Section 18.1: Viruses Vocabulary: virus, host cell, bacteriophage, capsid, lytic cycle, lysogenic cycle, provirus, retrovirus, prions, viroids.

Viruses (Ch. 18) Structure –Not cells, not alive. genome, capsid, envelope Function –entry, replication, gene expression, self- assembly –Some assimilate.

Viruses (Ch. 18) Structure –Not cells, not alive. genome, capsid, envelope Function –entry, replication, gene expression, self- assembly –Some assimilate.

Structure of Viruses All viruses are composed of: – Nucleic acids: Virus’s genetic material DNA or RNA Code solely for reproduction – Capsid: Protein coat.

Structure of Viruses All viruses are composed of: – Nucleic acids: Virus’s genetic material DNA or RNA Code solely for reproduction – Capsid: Protein coat.

HAPPY TUESDAY! Bellwork: Draw and Label the viruses above using the following terms: Capsid, DNA/RNA, Envelope. THENBring up your bellwork so I can sign.

HAPPY TUESDAY! Bellwork: Draw and Label the viruses above using the following terms: Capsid, DNA/RNA, Envelope. THENBring up your bellwork so I can sign.

Ch. 19 Viruses - WordPress.com · 2018. 2. 23. · Components = nucleic acid+ capsid Nucleic acid: DNA or RNA (double or single-stranded) Capsid: protein shell Some viruses also have

Ch. 19 Viruses - WordPress.com · 2018. 2. 23. · Components = nucleic acid+ capsid Nucleic acid: DNA or RNA (double or single-stranded) Capsid: protein shell Some viruses also have

Chapter 10 Viruses Viruses contain DNA or RNA And a protein coat called a The capsid is composed of individual Some are enclosed by an envelope May have.

Chapter 10 Viruses Viruses contain DNA or RNA And a protein coat called a The capsid is composed of individual Some are enclosed by an envelope May have.

GENETICS OF VIRUSES. The Basics Compare the size! Two basic components: – A diverse genome ssDNA dsDNA (Smallpox) ssRNA (Measles) dsRNA – Capsid/Envelope.

GENETICS OF VIRUSES. The Basics Compare the size! Two basic components: – A diverse genome ssDNA dsDNA (Smallpox) ssRNA (Measles) dsRNA – Capsid/Envelope.

Viruses can be lipid-coated or non- enveloped. Virus inactivation works by one of the following two mechanisms: By attacking the viral envelope or capsid.

Viruses can be lipid-coated or non- enveloped. Virus inactivation works by one of the following two mechanisms: By attacking the viral envelope or capsid.

Plant viruses. Nucleic acid in protein capsid (no membrane envelop) Protein capsid – protection and transfer of NA Nucleic acid – infectious (in some.

Plant viruses. Nucleic acid in protein capsid (no membrane envelop) Protein capsid – protection and transfer of NA Nucleic acid – infectious (in some.

DISEASE CAUSING VIRUSES VIRUS STRUCTURE A virus is not made of cells It is nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) surrounded by protein coat (Capsid) VIRAL REPRODUCTION.

DISEASE CAUSING VIRUSES VIRUS STRUCTURE A virus is not made of cells It is nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) surrounded by protein coat (Capsid) VIRAL REPRODUCTION.