TECHNICAL SEMINAR ON

VIRTUAL MANUFACTURING

Presented By:- KALLURI ANIL

138R1A0345 MECHANICAL-A

CONTENTS Introduction Concept of VM What VM is? Virtual environment Task to construct of VM Need of VM Prediction VM Vision of VM Characteristics Concept of VM Classification Virtual reality technology Human interface in VM

Types of VR system Methods and tools used in virtual manufacturing

Existing tools for VM Simulation tools for VM Factors Maximized

effectiveness Benefits of virtual

manufacturing Drawbacks of VM Applications Conclusion References Literature and survey

INTRODUCTION It is a new kind of manufacturing technology. It is based on :

Simulation technology . Virtual reality technology. Information technology .

Virtual Manufacturing system is a computer system which can generate the same information about manufacturing system’s structure, states and behaviors as we can observe in real manufacturing systems.

VM is used in interactive simulation of various manufacturing process such as virtual prototyping, virtual machining, virtual inspection, virtual assembly and virtual operational system.

CONCEPT OF VM

WHAT VM IS ? Virtual manufacturing is manufacturing in a computer. Virtual manufacturing is a manufacturing of imaginary

objects in an imaginary or virtual environment to attain concrete objective.

An integrated, synthetic manufacturing environment exercised to enhance all levels of decision and control

VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENT

A computer-generated,3-D representation of a setting in which the user of the technology perceives themselves  to be and with in which interaction takes place.

A place containing things that can be manipulated easily.

ENVIRONMENT OF VM

TASK TO CONSTRUCT VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENT

Product model library Device model preparation Virtual shop floor model construction Virtual enterprise organization

NEED OF VM IS? Development of models Simulation of models Optimization of process Virtual prototyping Calculation of different parameters

PREDICTION OF VM

VISION OF VM Manufacture in the computer. Provide a powerful modeling and simulation

environment.

CHARACTERISTICS Virtual manufacturing deals with the information and data of the

product and manufacturing system.

Virtual manufacturing is not true manufacturing, but in the manufacturing of computer and network system related with software.

Virtual manufacturing processing results are digital products, rather than the real material products.

Virtual manufacturing is a disperse system.

The simulation of product design, processing and assembling process can be parallel operated.

CONCEPT OF VMD

CLASSIFICATION

1. Classification based on types of products and process design.

2. Classification based on type of system integration.

3. Classification based on functional usage.

Classification based on types of product and

process design Production-oriented Virtual Manufacturing

Control-oriented Virtual Manufacturing

Design-oriented Virtual Manufacturing

Classification based on type of system integration Real Physical System Real Information System Virtual Physical System Virtual Information System

Classification based on functional usage Virtual Prototyping Virtual Machining Virtual Inspection Virtual Assembly Virtual Operational Control

VIRTUAL REALITY

TECHNOLOGY Virtual Reality is technology for presentation of complicated

information, manipulations and interactions of person with them by computer.

Virtual Reality is a computer-generated interactive three-dimensional environment to simulate reality.

Virtual reality with ability to show data 3D and attach sounds and touch information increases extraordinarily data comprehensibility.

Virtual reality has entered into the public awareness as medial toy with equipment “helmet-glove”, which was preferentially determined for wide public and the price of this system had also to correspond to this fact, so price could not be very high.

HUMAN INTERFACE IN VM

TYPES OF VR SYSTEM Windows on World(WoW)

Also called Desktop VR. Using a conventional computer monitor to display

the 3D virtual world. Immersive VR

Completely immerse the user's personal viewpoint inside the virtual 3D world.

The user has no visual contact with the physical word.

Often equipped with a Head Mounted Display (HMD).

Telepresence A variation of visualizing complete computer

generated worlds. Links remote sensors in the real world with the senses

of a human operator. The remote sensors might be located on a robot. Useful for performing operations in dangerous environments.

Mixed Reality(Augmented Reality) The seamless merging of real space and virtual space. Integrate the computer-generated virtual objects into

the physical world which become in a sense an equal part of our natural environment.

Distributed VR A simulated world runs on several computers which

are connected over network and the people are able to interact in real time, sharing the same virtual world

METHODS AND TOOLS USED IN VIRTUAL MANUFACTURING

Manufacturing characterization

Modeling and representation technologies

Visualization, environment construction technologies

Verification, validation and measurement

Multi discipline optimization

EXISTING TOOLS FOR VM Design Tools

Computer Aided Engineering (CAE) 3-Dimensional Computer Aided Design (CAD) Models Design for Manufacturability & Assembly (DFMA)

Production Tools Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM) Advanced Modeling and Simulation Distributed Interactive Simulation (DIS) Integrated Product/Process Development (IPPD) Just in Time (JIT) Materials Requirement Planning (MRP), Manufacturing Resources Planning (MRP II) Virtual Reality

Quality Tools Total Quality Management (TQM) Quality Function Deployment (QFD)

Artificial Intelligence (AI) Tools Expert Systems Neural Networks Fuzzy Logic, Object Oriented Technologies Autonomous Agents

Management Tools Quality Philosophies in Manufacturing Manufacturing Strategies Management Information Systems (MIS)

SIMULATION TOOLS FOR VM

FACTORS MAXIMIZED EFFECTIVENESS OF VM

3 D visualization Identical Man-Machine Interface Simulation Interface and monitoring

EXPECTED VOLUME OF PRODUCTION IN EACH LEVEL BY USING VM IN PRESENT SCENARIO

BENEFITS OF VIRTUAL MANUFACTURING

Quality

Shorter cycle time

Producibility

Flexibility

Responsiveness

Customer relations

DRAWBACKS Integration of simulation systems in planning and design

tools

Automatic generation of simulation models

Distributed simulation, optimization and control

Hybrid simulation

Human-computer interfaces

Virtual prototyping

APPLICATIONSVirtual Prototyping

Maintenance.

Virtual machine tools.

Material and warehouse distribution systems study and development.

VM for sheet metal processing.

Virtual machining and inspection systemAirport operations.

Urban traffic operations.

National economy study.

Waging military battles.

CONCLUSION It appears that VM will stimulate the need to design both

for manufacturability and manufacturing efficiency.

Nowadays, even if there is a lot of work to do, all the pieces are in place for Virtual Manufacturing to become a standard tool for the design to manufacturing process.

LITERATURE SURVEY Increasing trend of collaboration in manufacturing Internet-enabled distributed systems (Bailey 1995, Tay

et. al. 2001). Equipment and machines gravitating towards Internet

integrated technology, modular and commercially available parts (Tan & Chu 2000, Tan & Lee 1999).

Increasing trend of virtual technologies in education Empirical data on transfer of skills from virtual

environments to real world in terms of instructional effectiveness (Moshell et. al. 1993, Tan & Ward 1998).

Potential of VEs in education & training (Youngblut 1997, Francis & Tan 1999).

REFERENCES Philippe Dépincé, Damien Chablat, Peer-Oliver Woelk, Virtual

Manufacturing: Tools for improving design and production, Technical Workshop on Virtual Manufacturing, 2003.

MARCINČIN, J. N.: Application of the Virtual Reality Technologies in Design of Automated Workplaces. Transactions of the Universities of Košice, Vol. 10, No. 1, Košice, 2001, pp. 47-51, ISSN 1335-2334.

E. Raj Kumar, An overview of virtual manufacturing with case studies, IJEST, Vol 3, Iss 4, 2011.

K. Iwata, M. Onosato, K. Teramoto, S. Osaki, “A Modelling and Simulation Architecture for Virtual Manufacturing Systems,” Annals of the CIRP, Vol. 44, No. 1, 1995, p399-402