Village of Whitefish Bay, WisconsinArchitectural and Historical Intensive Survey Report

By Jennifer L. Lehrke, AIA, LEED AP & Robert Short LJM Architects, Inc. 813 Riverfront Drive Sheboygan, Wisconsin 53081 Project Director Joseph R. DeRose, Survey & Registration Historian Wisconsin Historical Society Division of Historic Preservation Public History 816 State Street Madison, Wisconsin 53706 Sponsoring Agency Wisconsin Historical Society Division of Historic Preservation Public History 816 State Street Madison, Wisconsin 53706 2010-2011

AcknowledgmentsThis program receives Federal financial assistance for identification and protection of historic properties. Under Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, and the Age Discrimination Act of 1975, as amended, the U.S. Department of the Interior prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, color, national origin, or disability or age in its federally assisted programs. If you believe you have been discriminated against in any program, activity, or facility as described above, or if you desire further information, please write to: Office of the Equal Opportunity, National Park Service, 1849 C Street NW, Washington, DC 20240. The activity that is the subject of this Intensive Survey Report has been financed entirely with Federal Funds from the National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior, and administered by the Wisconsin Historical Society. However, the contents and opinions do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Department of the Interior or the Wisconsin Historical Society. Nor does the mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation by the Department of the Interior or the Wisconsin Historical Society. The authors would like to thank the following persons or organizations for their assistance in completing this project:Wisconsin Historical Society Jim Draeger, Deputy State Historic Preservation Officer Joseph R. DeRose, Survey & Registration Historian Village of Whitefish Bay Historic Preservation Commission Jefferson Aikin, Chairperson Kenneth Berg Tom Fehring Richard Foster, Trustee Julie Gilpin Thomas Kindschi Carol Krigbaum, Secretary

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AbstractThis report documents an architectural and historical intensive survey of resources located within the boundaries of the Village of Whitefish Bay, Wisconsin, as of 2010. A reconnaissance survey of this area was conducted by the principal and assistant investigators as the first part of the survey. After which, a research effort was conducted to ascertain the architectural and historical significance of the resources identified during the reconnaissance survey. The resulting products of the project were produced according to standards set by the Wisconsin Historical Societys Division of Historic Preservation and include the following: Intensive Survey Report The intensive survey report includes a summary of the research and a brief history of the community. It provides a historical context for the evaluation of historic resources and serves as a means for identifying significant properties, complexes, and districts eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places. It also contains recommendations for future survey and research needs, priorities for National Register listing, and strategies for historic preservation. Survey and District Maps Survey maps indicate all newly surveyed properties. District maps identify district boundaries and all properties in the potential districts. These maps are included in this intensive survey report. Electronic Documents The Wisconsin Historical Societys web site contains an electronic version of the inventory cards, called Wisconsin Historic Preservation Database (WHPD), for all inventoried properties. Also, an electronic copy of this report and digital photos are saved on compact disc and held at the Wisconsin Historical Society.

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Table of ContentsContents Page Acknowledgements..................................................................................................1 Abstract ....................................................................................................................2 Introduction..............................................................................................................5 Survey Methodology................................................................................................7 Historical Overview ...............................................................................................11 Government............................................................................................................13 Industry ..................................................................................................................23 Transportation ........................................................................................................27 Architecture............................................................................................................35 Education .............................................................................................................111 Social & Political Movements .............................................................................121 Religion................................................................................................................125 Commerce ............................................................................................................133 Planning & Landscape Architecture ....................................................................145 Recreation & Entertainment ................................................................................155 Notable People .....................................................................................................161 Bibliography ........................................................................................................181 Survey Results .....................................................................................................185 Recommendations................................................................................................325 Notes ....................................................................................................................329 Appendix..............................................................................................................343 Building Support for Local Historic Preservation Incentives for Historic Preservation Economic Benefits of Historic Preservation in Wisconsin Creating a Preservation Ethic in Your Community Planning a Local Historic Preservation Program Historic Preservation Ordinances and Commissions in Wisconsin How to Gain Commission Credibility Benefits of Local Historic Preservation Ordinances Certified Local Government Historic Preservation Tax Incentive for Income-Producing Historic Buildings Wisconsin Historic Homeowners Tax Credit Program Guidelines for Planning Historic Preservation Tax Credit Projects

Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 18 Chapter 19

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1IntroductionThe Wisconsin Historical Society utilized a Historic Preservation grant-in-aid from the National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior to hire LJM Architects, Inc., an architectural and historic preservation consulting firm based in Sheboygan, Wisconsin, to conduct an intensive survey of architecturally and historically significant resources within the boundaries of the Village of Whitefish Bay. The major objective of the project was to identify structures and districts of architectural or historical significance that are potentially eligible for nomination to the National Register of Historic Places. The survey was executed during the period from October 2010 to June 2011 by Principal Investigators Jennifer L. Lehrke and Robert Short, with assistance by Katie Derksen and Karen Lindow, all of LJM Architects, Inc. and data entry by Tom Barg, Emily Caflisch, Erica Freding, Zachary Freding, and Briana VanDriest. It consisted of several major work elements: completing a reconnaissance survey; conducting research; evaluating resources, and preparing an intensive survey report. The boundaries of the survey were delineated as shown on the Survey Boundaries Map. The survey identified nearly 2,900 resources of architectural and historical interest as well as twelve potential historic districts and two potential complexes. Although the resources include a variety of public buildings such as schools, churches, and commercial buildings, the majority of the surveyed resources are single-family dwellings from the 1920s to the 1950s. The purpose of this survey report was not to write a definitive history of the Village of Whitefish Bay, but rather to provide an overview of the history of the Village and its buildings in relation to a series of themes or study units, to provide basic information on the resources that were identified during the reconnaissance survey, and can be used in future planning decisions and increasing public awareness of the history and architecture of the community. This architectural and historical intensive report and the associated work elements mentioned above are kept at the Historic Preservation Division of the Wisconsin Historical Society in Madison; and a copy of the report is kept at the Whitefish Bay Village Hall and Whitefish Bay Public Library.

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2Survey MethodologyIntroduction The Architectural and Historical Intensive Survey was conducted in the Village of Whitefish Bay over a period of several months, beginning in October of 2010 and concluding in June of 2011. The architectural firm of LJM Architects, Inc. of Sheboygan, Wisconsin executed the survey. The principal investigator, Jennifer L. Lehrke, with assistant Robert Short, conducted the reconnaissance survey fieldwork and performed historical research. Jennifer L. Lehrke coauthored and edited the majority of the intensive survey report and generally oversaw the survey. Robert Short prepared the survey maps and co-authored the report, and Katie Derksen and Karen Lindow provided administrative support. Building permit research and data entry was performed by Tom Barg, Emily Caflisch, Erica Freding, Zachary Freding and Briana VanDriest. The Village of Whitefish Bay Architectural and Historical Survey consisted of four major work tasks: (1) reconnaissance survey, (2) architectural and historical research, (3) evaluation of significant resources for inclusion in the intensive survey report, and (4) preparation and presentation of the intensive survey report. Reconnaissance Survey In October and November 2010, a windshield survey of the Village of Whitefish Bay was conducted that resulted in the identification of nearly 2,900 sites of architectural and historical interest. During this time, a field survey form of each site was prepared which included the location, name, style, and other key pieces of information and a digital photograph was taken. The portions of the Village within the delineated boundary area as described in Chapter 1 were surveyed street-by-street and structure-by-structure for resources of architectural and historical significance. Approximately 60 previously surveyed properties were updated. Information contained in the Wisconsin Historic Preservation Database (WHPD), particularly the address, was confirmed and corrected if needed, and field observations were recorded if any alterations, additions, or demolition work had been done to the structure since last surveyed. A new digital photograph of each property was taken to be added to the WHPD. There were several sites that were previously surveyed that lacked initial integrity and we did not believe to be survey worthy. Therefore, we did not update those sites. In addition to updating the 60 previously surveyed sites, hundreds of new properties of interest were observed and documented. Information such as address, name, and architectural style were noted, and field observations were recorded which were later entered into the WHPD. A digital 7

photograph of each property was also taken for inclusion in the WHPD. In areas where a potential historic district was identified, all buildings within the potential district boundaries were observed and documented. In addition, all of the existing and newly surveyed properties were identified by photo code on maps which are included in the Survey Results Chapter. Architectural and Historical Research Architectural and historical research of the Village of Whitefish Bay was conducted by the principal and assistant investigators throughout the course of the project in an effort to provide a historical context to evaluate resources. Of great importance were items located at the Whitefish Bay Public Library including, but not limited to, their extensive collection of research on local history and buildings conducted by Mimi Bird. Secondary information was also found at the Village of Whitefish Bay Village Hall and The Wisconsin Historical Society. Summaries of Whitefish Bays history are included in this report and arranged in themes according to guidelines set forth by the Historic Preservation Division of the Wisconsin Historical Society. Areas of research include historic Indians, fur trade, government, settlement, industry, transportation, architecture, education, social and political movements, religion, art and literature, commerce, Planning & Landscape Architecture, Recreation & Entertainment, and notable people. Structures deemed eligible for listing in the National Register were evaluated based on their association with these themes. Evaluation of Significant Resources After the reconnaissance survey and research was completed, the data was analyzed to determine which individual properties and districts were potentially eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places. The evaluation of individual historic resources and districts were also reviewed with the Historic Preservation Division of the Wisconsin Historical Society prior to inclusion in this report. The evaluation was performed according to the National Registers Criteria for Evaluation and Criteria Considerations which are used to assist local, state, and federal agencies in evaluating nominations to the National Register of Historic Places. The Criteria for Evaluation and Criteria Considerations are described in several National Register publications as follows:The quality of significance in American history, architecture, archeology, and culture is present in districts, sites, buildings, structures, and objects that possess integrity of location, design, setting, materials, workmanship, feeling, and association, and: A. that are associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history; or B. that are associated with the lives of persons significant in our past; or C. that embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, or that represent the work of a master, or that possess high artistic values, or that represent a significant and distinguishable entity whose components may lack individual distinction; or D. that have yielded, or may be likely to yield, information important in prehistory or history. Ordinarily, cemeteries, birthplaces, or graves of historical figures, properties owned by religious institutions, or used for religious purposes, properties primarily commemorative in nature, and properties that have achieved significance within the past 50 years shall not be considered eligible for

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the National Register. However, such properties will qualify if they are integral parts of districts that do meet the criteria or if they fall within the following categories: A. B. C. D. E. F. G. a religious property deriving primary significance from architectural or artistic distinction or historical importance; or a building or structure removed from its original location, but which is significant primarily for architectural value, or which is the surviving structure most importantly associated with a historic period or event; or a birthplace or grave of a historical figure of outstanding importance if there is no other appropriate site or building directly associated with his or her productive life; or a cemetery which derives its primary significance from graves of persons of transcendent importance, from age, from distinctive design features, or from association with historic events; or a reconstructed building when accurately executed in a suitable environment and presented in a dignified manner as part of a restoration master plan, and when no other building or structure with the same association has survived; or a property primarily commemorative in intent if design, age, tradition, or symbolic value has invested it with its own historical significance; or a property achieving significant within the past 50 years is it is of exceptional importance.

As noted above, a historic district is placed in the National Register of Historic Places in a manner similar to individual propertied; using essentially the same criteria. A historic district is comprised of resource; that is, building, structures, sites, or objects located in a geographically definable area. The historic district is united by historical factors and a sense of cohesive architectural integrity. District resources are individually classified as contributing or non-contributing. A. A contributing building, site, structure, or object adds to the historic architectural qualities, historic associations, or archeological values for which a property is significant because (a.) it was presented during the period of significance and possesses historic integrity reflecting its character at that time or is capable of yielding important information about the period, or (b.) it independently or individually meet the National Register criteria. A non-contributing building, site, structure, or object does not add to the historic architectural qualities, historic associations, or archeological values for which a property or district is significant because (a.) it was not present during the period of significance [less than 50 years old or moved to the site], (b.) due to alterations, disturbances, addition, or other changes, it no longer possesses historic integrity reflecting its character at that time or is incapable of yielding important information about the period, or (c.) it does not independently meet the National Register criteria.

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Preparation and Presentation of the Intensive Survey Report This survey report describes the project and survey methodology, gives an overview of the history of Whitefish Bay, summarizes the thematic research and survey results, and gives recommendations for the Village of Whitefish Bay. This report does not include a definitive history of the Village of Whitefish Bay. Rather, it provides a broad historical overview of many themes in one publication. It is intended to be a work in progress which can lead to future research and can be updated over time as new information is collected. Prior to issuance of the final survey report, the contents were reviewed by appointed members of the Village of Whitefish Bay Historic Preservation Commission, and staff at the Historic Preservation Division of the Wisconsin Historical Society. Copies of the final survey report were issued to the Historic Preservation Division of the Wisconsin Historical Society, the Village of Whitefish Bay, and the Whitefish Bay Public Library. 9

LJM Architects, the Village of Whitefish Bay Historic Preservation Commission, and the Historic Preservation Division of the Wisconsin Historical Society conducted two public information meetings regarding the survey. The first meeting was held on October 20, 2010, to introduce the survey team and the project process to the community. A second meeting, yet to be determined, will present the results of the project including the survey report, potential districts, and information in the National Register to the Village of Whitefish Bay and its Historic Preservation Commission.

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3Historical OverviewPre-Settlement The northern portion of what is now Milwaukee County was once a wild area of prairie, swamps, and forest teeming with beavers, deer, and other wildlife. In 1674, the first European explorer, Pre Jacques Marquette sailed along the western coast of Lake Michigan and camped for two and a half days on the shores of Whitefish Bay. In the early nineteenth century, the Woodland and Sauk Indians who inhabited the region traded at Solomon Juneaus trading post in Milwaukee. Early immigration and settlement of southeastern Wisconsin came via Lake Michigan sailing vessels.1 Settlement The area was first organized as part of the former Town of Milwaukee. The first land purchase in the area occurred in 1835, when Joel Buttles of Columbus, Ohio, in Whitefish Bays first land purchase, bought 240 acres extending from Silver Spring Drive south to Hampton Road and from Lydell to Idlewild Avenues. At this time, the land in Southeastern Wisconsin was sold by the federal government at public auction in Green Bay at a cost of $1.25 per acre. Seven years later, A. Markert built the first homestead in Whitefish Bay on 37 acres near Fairmount and Lydell Avenues. The Swain Family, early settlers during the 1840s, cleared land and planted an apple orchard. As the city of Milwaukee grew, being incorporating in 1851, settlers moved further into the surrounding area. Whitefish Bays first settlers were farmers; several of whom became commercial fishermen and storekeepers overtime.2 Access to Milwaukee Countys North Shore area improved vastly by the Milwaukee, Lake Shore & Western Railroad in 1871, the Lake Avenue Turnpike in 1872, and the Milwaukee & Whitefish Bay Railroad in 1886. While many of the residents remained farmers, some businessmen moved to the area, commuting to Milwaukee via these new modes of transportation. Real estate and railroad speculation started in 1887, causing a boom in land purchasing and subdividing. Whitefish Bays lakefront resorts and picnic grounds became popular retreats and vacation spots for Milwaukee residents with Pabst Whitefish Bay Resort, which opened in 1889, being the most famous. 3 Development The Village of Whitefish Bay incorporated in 1892 with a population of 312. 4 Soon after, the villages first school was constructed.5 Following incorporation, the village experienced its first building and real estate boom. Short lived, it ended with the financial panic of 1893. However, 11

the majority of the village was platted as residential subdivisions by this time. By 1900, the villages population was 512. Residential construction continued slowly throughout the following decade. The Pabst Whitefish Bay Resort remained popular and the most notable attraction in the village after buying out its competitors, Jefferson and Welcome Parks. 6 After the villages first wooden school was destroyed by fire, the villages second school was built, starting a tradition of brick construction of its school buildings.7 The Pabst Whitefish Bay Resort closed in 1914. 8 Beginning with a 1920 census of only 882 residents, Whitefish Bay saw rapid development and growth, ending the decade with 5,362 residents. Many businessmen and professionals from Milwaukee continued to build year-round homes and settle in the village. In response to this growth, two new elementary schools were built, as well as development of the commercial corridors along Henry Clay Street and Silver Spring Drive. 9 In response to the rapid growth, the village implemented zoning and architectural review programs to control the characteristics and qualities of the village. 10 Educational needs of its youth still being top priority, a high school was opened in the early-1930s. 11 Residential construction continued to boom through the Great Depression; the population of Whitefish Bay was 8,754 in 1938. 12 The villages population growth slowed during World War II, accommodating 9,651 in 1946. Another period of rapid development and growth occurred after the war, rivaling that of the 1920s. By 1950, the village grew to a population of 14,625. Increased development of commercial buildings along Silver Spring Drive continued after World War II as well.13 The first major apartment developments in the village began in the early 1950s, increasing the urban character of the village.14 By 1960, residential construction slowed as the village reached the point of being completely built-out. Whitefish Bay reached a peak population of 18,360 that decade. 15 Present Day In recent years, the village has continued to mature as one of Milwaukees upper-middle class suburbs. Multi-family housing projects have continued to slowly be developed near the villages commercial districts. Due to the zoning and architectural review programs that were enacted during the early twentieth century, the village maintains a high level of historic integrity and architectural character.

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4GovernmentFederal Government United States Military The First Light Battery of the United States National Guard, later to be known as Battery A, was organized in 1885 by sixty Milwaukeeans led by J. B. Oliver. Since 1890, they shared the Broadway Armory in Milwaukee with the Light Horse Squadron. 16 In 1907, Battery A purchased pavilions from both Jefferson and Welcome Parks and moved them to nineteen acres of land purchased south of Henry Clay Street. There, these buildings were remodeled into an armory. 17 Battery A moved to its new, non-extant facilities in Whitefish Bay in 1908. By 1928, plans were made for a new armory building. Thirteen of the original nineteen acres of land were sold to the village for $80,000 on which it built Whitefish Bay High School. The profit from selling this land helped finance the construction of a new brick Armory. The Whitefish Bay Armory is now non-extant and the grounds have become Armory Park. 18 Three men from the area that would eventually become the Village of Whitefish Bay fought for the Union during the United States Civil War. A group of 35 men from Whitefish Bay served in the First World War, led by Colonel P. C. Westphal. Only one of these men did not return at the wars end. 19 Hundreds of men and women from Whitefish Bay served during World War II, seven of which gave their lives defending their country. Soldiers from the Whitefish Bay Armory formed part of the U.S. Armys 32nd Division and were involved with the New Guinea campaign, among other activities. A wooden memorial honoring Whitefish Bay veterans was erected in Big Bay Park after the wars end. However, it deteriored and was removed; today a carved, wooden eagle from the memorial is mounted in the boardroom of the Whitefish Bay Village Hall. A new memorial was constructed in Armory Park in 2010.20 United States Postal Service Whitefish Bays first post office was established in 1874. It was operated by Lewis Scheife from 1892 to 1900 from his non-extant general store at the southwest corner of Silver Spring and Marlborough Drives. The location of this store was immediately northeast of the Milwaukee, Lake Shore & Western Railroad tracks and depot, by which mail bags were delivered to the store 13

where customers walked to receive their mail. The postal service operated in this manner until approximately 1912 and at which time the concept of mail delivery became popular.21 By the 1940s, the United States Postal Service was operating in the village as a contract station. In 1943, the postal station was located at Emmerlings Ice Cream Parlor, 529 E. Silver Spring Drive. By 1945, a temporary structure, formerly used as a skating rink warming house at Klode Park, was moved to a village-owned lot on which has since been constructed Sendiks Fruit Market, from which to conduct postal services. In 1947, when the sites location was sold to Frank, Ignatius, Thomas, and Joseph Balistreri, future operators of Sendiks Fruit Market, the temporary post office was relocated multiple times: first to a vacant lot that is now a small public park east of the The Bay Liquor Shoppe Building at 342 E. Silver Spring Drive, a year later to the public parking lot south of 529 E. Silver Spring Drive, after a few months to what was then a lot at 434 E. Silver Spring Drive, and then in 1949 back to the vacant lot on Silver Spring Drive 22 Due to the villages rapid growth, a permanent Post Office Branch with increased service was desired by villages businesses and residents. In the early 1950s, bids were sought for a new post office building. A contract was awarded to Harry Forman to construct a brick and stone trimmed building to be leased by the United States Postal Service. This building, completed in 1952, was leased for 15 years by the post office and located on Silver Spring Drive. This station operated as a branch of the Milwaukee Post Office, with mail being processed at the downtown Milwaukee post office and delivered to this location early every morning.23 Whitefish Bay is currently served by the North Shore branch location of the Milwaukee Post Office at 5651 N Lydell Avenue in the City of Glendale.24 The building located at 527 & 529 E. Silver Spring Drive was not included in the survey as its additions and alterations have too greatly diminished the integrity of its original architecture. The Whitefish Bay Post Office, located at 103, 105 & 109 E. Silver Spring Drive; was included in the survey but is not individually eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places. State Government Wisconsin Governors Julius Peter Heil; born in 1874 in Duesmond-an-der-Mosel, Germany, immigrated to Wisconsin with his parents in 1881. The Heil Family settled in New Berlin, Wisconsin, where he attended school until the age of 12. 25 By the age of 14, he began working as a drill press operator for the Milwaukee Harvester Company. He later worked for the Falk Corporation of Milwaukee and traveled throughout South America installing street railway tracks. In 1901, Heil founded the Heil Rail Joint Welding Company, changing its name to Heil Company five years later. The Heil Company became a major manufacturer of dump-truck bodies, storage and transport tanks, road machinery, and residential heating units. Heil and his wife, Elizabeth, purchased the Mediterranean Revival style house located at 5240 N. Lake Drive, designed by architect Russell Barr Williamson, from its original owner shortly after its completion in 1926. They lived in this house in Whitefish Bay during Heils rise to political

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prominence. 26 He was appointed to head the state advisory board for the National Recovery Administration by President Roosevelt in 1933. After winning the Republican gubernatorial nomination in 1938, Heil was elected Governor of the State of Wisconsin, defeating Progressive incumbent Philip F. LaFollette. During his two terms in office, 1939-1943, his administration sponsored the enactment of the State Employment Peace Act, reorganized the welfare and tax departments, created the Department of Securities, modernized the state's accounting system, and directed the liquidation of frozen assets of the Building and Loan Association. 27 As governor, he also consolidated several programs into the Department of Motor Vehicles, Department of Public Welfare, and the Division of Departmental Research. In 1940, Heil also served as an alternate delegate to Republican National Convention from Wisconsin in 1940 and was a member of the Freemasons.28 During Heil's second term, a State Guard was created to replace the National Guard, which had been called to active duty during World War II. 29 Governor Heil was defeated by Progressive opponent Orland S. Loomis in the gubernatorial election of 1942. At that time, he returned to his business interests and was chairman of the board of the Heil Company until his death in 1949. 30 The Carl Herzfeld House, located at 5240 N. Lake Drive, was included in the survey and is individually eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places. Wisconsin Delegates & National Committee Members William D. Doll served as a Wisconsin delegate to the Republican National Convention in 1940 and as an alternate to the 1944 convention. 31 Brad Courtney served as a Wisconsin delegate to the Republican National Convention in 2004 and 2008. 32 Patty Reiman served as a Wisconsin delegate to the Republican National Convention in 2008. 33 Local Government Milwaukee County Fred G. Isenring, a resident involved with the incorporation of the Village of Whitefish Bay, served as the first President of the Village of Whitefish Bay from 1892 to 1895, as well as, the Whitefish Bay representative to the Milawukee County Board. 34 Also in 1892, Isenrings house was constructed next to the village hall on Fleetwood Place. The house was eventually relocated to 920 & 922 E. Sylvan Avenue, where it stood until its demolition in 2009. During his term as Village President, Isenring remained active as a businessman in real estate, insurance, and real estate loans. He developed three subdivisions in Whitefish Bay around the turn of the twentieth century.35 Isenring was elected County Sheriff in 1896. He left office the following year, but failed to file financial reports for at least 18 months of his term. $20,000 from sheriff sales conducted by Isenring after his election was found to be unaccounted for in an investigation by the district attorney. Isenring was ordered to appear in court; but he did not. An order for his arrest was issued in December of 1899, but Isenring had disappeared by that time. His wife told authorities he went to Fond du Lac on business and never returned. It is suspected that Isenring

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suffered greatly financially during the depression of 1898, having purchased the majority of his real estate during the boom earlier that decade. Further knowledge of Isenrings whereabouts was never uncovered. 36 William A. Klatte, an 1899 graduate from the University of Wisconsin Law School in Madison, helped create the position of Milwuakee County Clerk of Civil Court. He held that position for thirty years. After 1912, he and his wife Florence lived at 716 E. Day Avenue in Whitefish Bay.37 The Herbert Kinne House, located at 716 E. Day Avenue, was included in the survey and is individually eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places. Judge Joseph A. Padway was born in 1891 in England and immigrated to Milwaukee in 1906. He graduated from Marquette University Law School in 1912 and become a prominent labor lawyer. He served as a State Senator in the 1925 session of the Legislature. From 1926 to 1932, he was a Milwaukee County Judge. During the mid-1920s, he served as general counsel for the Wisconsin State Federation of Labor and, the following decade, was appointed general counsel for the American Federation of Labor. He retained the later post until his death in 1947.38 Padway constructed a house on Lake Drive in Whitefish Bay in 1930; it was designed by architect Hugo V. Miller and constructed by Bentley Brothers Inc.39 The Judge Joseph A. & Lydia Padway House, located at 5312 N. Lake Drive, was included in the survey and is individually eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places for the integrity of its Mediterranean Revival style architecture. Village of Whitefish Bay Early in its history, Milwaukee County consisted of two townships divided at what is now Greenfield Avenue. What is now Whitefish Bay was in the former Town of Milwaukee, south of Greenfield Avenue was the Town of Lake.40 The prime reason behind Whitefish Bays formation and incorporation as a village was the subject of education. By the 1890s, the areas closest school was located in the present City of Glendale east of the Union Cemetery between Lydell Avenue and Port Washington Road, a several mile walk for some of the settlements children.41 Attempts were made to change the Town of Milwaukee school districts existing boundaries to result in a closer school; however, these attempts were unsuccessful. As a result, these residents sought incorporation and the right to form their own school district. On June 7, 1892, the Village of Whitefish Bay was incorporated. Fred G. Isenring was elected the first Village President; William T. Consaul, A. Ehlers, I. Lefeber, Lewis Scheife, Ernst Timpel, and Dr. Thaddeus W. Williams were elected the first Village Trustees. The first village board meetings took place in a rented room at Lewis Scheifes grocery store and later in the Fleetwood School. For more information on Fleetwood School, refer to Chapter 8 Education. A building dedicated to serve as village hall was purchased from A. A. Pinet in October of 1902.42 Located at 908 E. Lexington Boulevard, it originally was used as a saloon, and had stood vacant for a period of time. After being moved to the north side of Fleetwood Place, just south of where the Fleetwood School stood, it was used as the Whitefish Bay Village Hall until 1921. At that time, it was relocated to 314 E. Beaumont Avenue by Lewis Scheife and converted into a private residence. 43

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In 1922, a new one-story, brick village hall with attached tool garage designed by architect Martin Tullgren was constructed on a site located at 801 E. Lexington Boulevard. Soon after, the police department and jail moved into this building as well. Within six years additional space was required for the newly formed fire department and additional administrative offices. 200 feet of land west of the hall was purchased, and the building that had occupied it was demolished. 44 In 1931 a two-story Whitefish Bay Village Hall, early 1950s addition designed by architect Roy O. Papenthien (Photo courtesy of Tom Fehrring) was completed as well as a second floor addition onto the original one-story building. With these additions the village administration, police department, fire department, department of public works, inspection departments, and municipal court were all housed under the same roof. Living quarters for the firemen were added in 1936. A library opened in this buildings basement the following year. 45 By 1950, several of these departments had outgrown the facility resulting in the creation of a civic center plan for the redevelopment of the former railroad and street car right-of-way that ran east of Marlborough Drive. By 1955, a new fire station and library were constructed. For more information on the Whitefish Bay Public Library, refer to Chapter 8 Education. After a proposal to convert it into a community and senior center was deemed financially infeasible to make the building meet state and village building codes. In 1970, the old village hall was demolished, and the land sold as three residential lots.46 The present Whitefish Bay Village Hall and Police Department was constructed in 1970 by Peters Construction Company at the cost of almost $380,000. 47 The building also houses the emergency operating center for the North Shore Zone A Civil Defense.48 The Whitefish Bay Village Hall and Police Department, located at 5300 N. Marlborough Drive, was included in the survey but is not eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places. During the late 1920s, the City of Milwaukee was making an effort to annex many of its surrounding suburban communities. The proposed annexation of Whitefish Bay was tied closely with the negotiations over water supply in 1927. The majority of Whitefish Bay residents at the time considered immediate annexation bad for the village, yet many were open to the idea of future annexation. The issue came to a climax with the next election, in which a two-to-one majority of anti-annexation candidates were elected. 49 To this day, the village remains incorporated covering an area of approximately 2.4 square miles and is governed by a village board of part-time trustees, a president elected for a 3 year term, and a full-time village manager.50

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Whitefish Bay Village Presidents1892 1895 1895 1896 1896 1900 1900 1903 1903 1905 1905 1906 1906 1908 1908 1911 1911 1912 1912 1913 1913 1914 1914 1918 1918 1922 Fred G. Isenring Dr. Thaddeus W. Williams James McGee Dr. Thaddeus W. Williams Conrad Cassel John D. Singles Alonzo Fowle A. J. Croffts W. D. Corrigan George Cassel W. H. Goodall Frank C. Klode A. J. Richter 1922 1923 1923 1924 1924 1934 1934 1937 1937 1945 1945 1951 1951 1954 1954 1966 1966 1984 1984 1989 1989 2002 2002 2011 2011 present Herman A. Uihlein Edward L. Tracy Frank C. Klode Harold W. Connell Grover F. Knoernschild Dr. Frank E. Drew Oliver A. Grootemaat Tom E. Hayes Henry F. Mixter F. Patrick Matthews James Gormley Kathleen Pritchard Julie Siegel

Police Department Prior to 1922, law enforcement in Whitefish Bay was provided by a Village Marshall. That year, a chief of police and several patrolmen were hired forming the Whitefish Bay Police Department. 51 The police department and a jail were housed in a non-extant building constructed by Charles Langschwager in 1898 on a triangular piece of land purchased for approximately $30 at Lancaster Avenue and Kimbark Place. In 1931, an addition to the village hall designed by architect Roy O. Papenthien was completed, creating a new home for the police and other departments. With these additions the village administration, library, police department, fire department, department of public works, inspection departments, and municipal court were all housed under the same roof. By 1950, several of these departments had outgrown the facility resulting in the creation of a civic center plan for the redevelopment of the former railroad and street car right of way that ran east of Marlborough Drive. By 1955, a new fire station and library were constructed. Today, the police department occupies space in the Whitefish Bay Village Hall and Police Department, constructed in 1970. 52 Whitefish Bays Police Department maintains a mutual aid agreement with departments of the neighboring North Shore communities. 53 The Whitefish Bay Village Hall and Police Department, located at 5300 N. Marlborough Drive, was included in the survey but is not eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places. Fire Department Whitefish Bay was protected by a volunteer fire department of approximately twenty five men until 1916, when the village contracted fire protection services from the City of Milwaukee. The citys nearest station was more than two miles south of the village limits. The first step towards establishing a full-time fire department was taken in 1923 with the purchase of public fire extinguishers. In the September of 1928, a single fire engine was

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purchased and six full-time firemen were hired for the establishment of the Whitefish Bay Fire Department. 54 In 1931 an addition to the village hall designed by architect Roy O. Papenthien was completed, creating a home for the fire and other departments. With these additions the village administration, library, police department, fire department, department of public works, inspection departments, and municipal court were all housed under the same roof. Living quarters for the firemen were added in 1936. By 1950, several of these departments had outgrown the facility resulting in the creation of a civic center plan for the redevelopment of the former railroad and street car right-of-way that ran east of Marlborough Drive. In 1954, the extant fire station designed by architect George F. Spinti III was constructed by DeLyle G. Beyer at the intersection of Lexington Boulevard and Marlborough Drive. An addition was constructed onto the station in 1970 by Roberts Construction Company. 55 Whitefish Bays Fire Department maintains a reciprocal aid agreement with departments of the neighboring North Shore communities. 56 The Whitefish Bay Fire Department, located at 825 E. Lexington Boulevard, was included in the survey but is not eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places. Public Health Department By the mid-twentieth century, the village maintained its own Public Health Department, headed by a medical doctor who serves as the part-time health commissioner. The staff also consisted of a sanitary inspector, nurse supervisor, and nurses situated in each of the Whitefish Bay schools, both public and parochial. The school clinic service offered regular vision and hearing tests, vaccinations, tuberculin scratch tests, and tetanus booster shots. Health services were also offered on occasion to adult residents.57 Since that time, the Villages of Whitefish Bay and Shorewood share a combined Public Health Department. It is currenltly located in the Shorewood Public Library and has a mission to protect and promote the health of the communities, prevent disease, and preserve the environment from health hazards. 58 There are no historic resources associated with Whitefish Bays Public Health Department. Public Works The Village of Whitefish Bay has a Public Works Department that has jurisdiction over street maintenance and lighting, sanitation, garbage collection, forestry, and the care of parks, beaches, public buildings, and grounds. 59 No resources relating to the Whitefish Bay Public Works Department have been included in this survey. The earliest streets in what is now the Village of Whitefish Bay were all dirt roads. Streets began to be graded and paved with gravel supplied by Lewis Schreiber and William Pagels during the early 1890s. Also at this time, sidewalks slowly began to be added, with the first being on a stretch of Lake Drive from Silver Spring to the platform of the Milwaukee & Whitefish Bay Railroad near Henry Clay Street in 1892. The following year, Day Avenue from the bluff to Lake Drive was paved with cedar blocks by John Martin of Oshkosh at the cost of approximately $4,500. In 1893, Fred Isenring financed the grading and paving of Marlborough

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Drive near the old Fleetwood School. That same year, Sylvan Avenue had its width reduced. In 1894, sidewalks were installed along Henry Clay Street from the lake to Marlborough Drive and Marlborough Drive between Silver Spring Drive and Henry Clay Street. These sidewalks were typically constructed of six foot lengths of 2 wooden planks. 60 The villages first street trees were planted in the early 1890s by developers along Day Avenue east of Lake Drive and along Glen and Lake Forest Avenues in the mid- to late-1890s. 61 After 1903, approximately 140 gas lamps had been utilized along village streets, fueled with gasoline contracted from Wellsbach Company. In 1913, voters chose to upgrade to electric street lamps. That year, the Milwaukee Electric Company installed 25 lights. By 1925, an ornamental lighting program was established. 62 In 1960, a twelve-year lighting project was planned; within four years all streets in the village were lit and replacement of the existing street lights began. 63 The Whitefish Bay Village Board approved that a park board be established in 1923 and enacted an ordinace requiring that all future street tress be white elms. The following year, 790 white elms were planted along village streets. Elms were utilized exclusively for the villages street trees through the 1940s.64 While several of the villages neighborhoods were constructed with mid-block alleys, many were vacated during the 1930s, with the land being acquired by neighboring property owners. 65 Alleys remain in limited portions of the village, most prominently in the proposed Lake Crest Residential Historic District. As of 1987, the village of Whitefish Bay maintains approximately 35 miles of roads, 70 miles of sidewalk, and 4 miles of alleys. 66 Whitefish Bay had a sanitary sewer system that emptied into Lake Michigan as early as 1894. 67 After an outbreak of typhoid due to well contamination on the Tweedy Land Company Property near Fleetwood School in 1898, sanitation became a major public issue. The villages first sewage disposal system was completed in 1917. 68 The outlet into Lake Michigan was abandoned when the village joined the Metropolitan Sewerage District in 1926. The Public Works Department remains responsible for maintaining the storm sewers which still dispose of surface storm water into Lake Michigan with outlets at Klode and Big Bay Parks in addition to the a Milwaukee River outlet. 69 Starting in 1914, the Village of Whitefish Bay contracted to purchase water from the City of Milwaukee and water mains were installed. At the end of 1927, a conference was held between the villages of Whitefish Bay and Shorewood and the City of Milwaukee concerning water. It was suggested that Whitefish Bay be served northward via Richards Street from the Milwaukee River to eliminate receiving twice metered water through Shorewood. This action required Whitefish Bay to annex a strip of land leading to the Milwaukee River, through Estabrook Park. After these actions took place, the City of Milwaukee tried leveraging its water supply to entice the annexation of Whitefish Bay and Shorewood into the city. This demand caused both villages to terminate their water contracts with the city and seek their own water system. In 1949, Whitefish Bay constructed a water tower that services the village alone. It is located at the north end of Lydell Avenue in what is today Water Tower Park. By 1963, Whitefish Bay, Fox Point,

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and Glendale began operating a shared $6,000,000 water supply and treatment plant. In 1998, a new water tower was constructed by Stroo Construction of Menomonee Falls replacing the 1949 tower.70 In 1923, the village made a four-year contract with William C. Schultz for garbage removal and disposal into his gravel pit. The village purchased six acres of land on which to construct an incinerator in 1929. It was completed the following year for a total investment of $75,000. 71 A new incinerator was constructed in 1956, and at that time non-burnable refuse was disposed of in a dump located outside of Whitefish Bay at 52nd Street and Good Hope Road. 72 The Village of Whitefish Bay Incinerator, formerly located at the southeast corner of Fairmount and Lydell Avenues, has been demolished. List of Surveyed Historic Resources Mentioned in the TextAddress 314 E. Beaumont Avenue 1200 E. Fairmount Avenue 5240 N. Lake Drive 5312 N. Lake Drive 825 E. Lexington Boulevard 5300 N. Marlborough Drive 103, 105 & 109 E. Silver Spring Drive Historic Name Whitefish Bay High School Carl Herzfeld House Judge Joseph A. & Lydia Padway House Whitefish Bay Fire Department Whitefish Bay Village Hall & Police Dept. Whitefish Bay Post Office. Date c. 1893 1929 1924 1931 1954 1970 1952 Class Surveyed Surveyed Eligible Eligible Surveyed Surveyed Surveyed

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5IndustryIntroduction While the Village of Whitefish Bay has grown almost exclusively into a residential suburb of Milwaukee, some early settlers of the area took advantage of the areas greatest resources, the waters of Lake Michigan and the stone bluffs along the Milwaukee River.73 Quarrying and Masonry Products In 1873, Joseph R. Berthelet, Sr., a Milwaukee manufacturer of cement sewer pipe, discovered that limestone along the Milwaukee River was a valuable raw material for the manufacture of natural hydraulic cement. Deposits of this variety of limestone were not common. The closest quarries to Milwaukee at that time were in Utica, Illinois, and Louisville, Kentucky. With his knowledge of the cement-making process, he; his brother, Henry Barthelet; his neighbor, George H. Paul; a neighbor and pharmacist C. H. Orton; and John Johnston of Mitchell Bank established the Milwaukee Cement Company in 1875 after the testing of the discovered samples. The partners each commenced individually to acquire land on the east bank of the Milwaukee River between the Capitol Drive and Port Washington Road bridges, to be turned over to the company for stock. Working capitol was secured through the sale of additional shares. Construction of the first kilns began in the spring of 1876 south of the Estabrook Park lagoon. The first shipment of cement was ready that fall. The plants initial capacity was 100 barrels per day, but grew to 2,000 barrels per day as additional kilns were constructed and demand increased. The Chicago & North Western Railway built a spur to the mills. The company established exclusive selling agencies in Chicago, Detroit, Saginaw, Minneapolis, St. Paul, Duluth, Omaha, Kansas City, and St. Joseph, Missouri. Henry Campbell, another member of the company, developed an improved kiln increasing capacity by incorporating a series of grates in the bottom of the kiln. Campbell was granted a patent on this device in December of 1897, Patent No. 591,897. Soonafter, all of the companys kilns were remodeled to Campbells specifications.74 At the height of the companys success, the rotary kiln was invented introducing Portland cement which could be produced at a lower cost and from various types of materials, causing a great decline in the demand for natural cement. The Milwaukee Cement Company, like many others, declined in its output of natural cement. During this time, the company began distributing Portland cement and, in 1907, secured the Newaygo brand. This added volume made it possible to continue the production of natural cement at its facilities along the Milwaukee River at a small scale until it ceased production in 1911. In the following years, two mills were leased for a short period of time for the manufacture of silica products. However, after fires in 1910 and 1914, the mills were wrecked and salvaged for scrap iron and brick. The companys 350 acres on both 23

banks of the Milwaukee River were sold, the east bank being purchased by Milwaukee County in 1916 to develop Estabrook Park, the first in the countys park system.75 Sometime after the turn of the century, an area that was quarried became filled with water, has since been partially filled in, and is now known as the Estabrook Park lagoon.76 No resources relating to the Milwaukee Cement Company are known to remain in Whitefish Bay. Fishing Industry By 1862, commercial fishing began in what is now Whitefish Bay. In that year, John Luck from Green Bay began pound net fishing on the Whitefish Bay of Lake Michigan. Pound nets are traps for catching fish that consist of a system of stacked nets forming a fence that leads fish from a point offshore into a rectangular enclosure, or pound, from which escape is impossible. A majority of fish caught were the lakes whitefish, for which the bay and village have been named. Shortly after the opening of the Lake Pound net fishing on Lake Michigan Avenue Turnpike in 1872, Luck opened a small (Photo courtesy of Tom Fehring) restaurant and tavern, where he presumably fed guests with his catch. It was located near the north end of the toll road, at Silver Spring and Lake Drives. This was a forerunner to the resort and tourism industry that Whitefish Bay became well known for. 77 Brothers, William Henry and Captain Theodore Consaul started pound net fishing commercially in Whitefish Bay by 1864. They eventually sold their business to their brother-in-law, Lewis Scheife, who supplied 300 to 600 pounds of fish weekly to the Pabst Whitefish Bay Resort.78 For more information on the Pabst Whitefish Bay Resort, refer to Chapter 13 Recreation & Entertainment. William Henry Consauls residence and his father William Consauls house, inherited by Lewis Schiefe during the late 1800s, are the only known extant resources related to the pound net fishing industry of Whitefish Bay. The William Henry & Ruth Consaul House, located at 5654 N. Santa Monica Boulevard, was included in the survey but is not individually eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places. The William Consaul House, located at 716 E. Silver Spring Drive, was not included in the survey as alterations have too greatly diminished the integrity of its original architecture. Miscellaneous Small Industries Richard Seyfert operated a soda works factory on the 5600 Block between Lydell and Bay Ridge Avenues, behind his Queen Anne style residence on Silver Spring Drive. The companys main customer was the Pabst Whitefish Bay Resort. In 1897, Seyfert sold the company and house to Conrad Cassel. The soda factory continued operating until 1916, after which the factory building was demolished. The Richard Seyfert House, located at 130 & 134 W. Silver Spring Drive, was eventually subdivided into commercial spaces and was demolished recently.79

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List of Surveyed Historic Resources Mentioned in the TextAddress 5654 N. Santa Monica Boulevard Historic Name William Henry & Ruth Consaul House Date < 1890 Class Surveyed

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6TransportationGreat Lakes Navigation Since the first visit to the area by Father Jacques Marquette in 1674, Lake Michigan was used as the primary means of transportation across Wisconsin. 80 As Whitefish Bay became settled, commercial fishing boats were the most common vessel to sail in the Whitefish Bay of Lake Michigan. However, by the 1880s, several boats would taxi summer crowds from downtown Milwaukee to lakefront resorts in Whitefish Bay. In 1886 these boats included the following: the Chequamegon, the Cyclone, the Imperial, the 89foot-long Skater, the 109-foot-long Bloomer Girl, and The Steam Boat Chequamegon the 123-foot-long Eagle. From 1888 to 1891, multiple (Photo courtesy of Tom Fehring) vessels charged 25 cents for a trip from downtown Milwaukee to Whitefish Bay. In 1902, the Bloomer Girl was re-christened the Silver Spray and sailed between Lincoln and Jackson Parks in Chicago, where it hit a reef off of 55th Street and capsized in 1914. Also in 1902, the Naomi of the Crosby line and the Pabst Companys steamer City of Grand Rapids continued chartering to Whitefish Bay, with live music being played on the Crosby lines runs.81 Great Lakes navigation between downtown Milwaukee and Whitefish Bay died down as other means of transportation became more prevalent. No historic resources relating to commercial fishing or these charter steamers remain. Rail Lines Milwaukee, Lake Shore & Western Railroad The first railroad to come to Whitefish Bay was the Milwaukee, Lake Shore, and Western in 1874. The road, built south from Manitowoc, had planned to use the tracks on the west bank of Milwaukee River owned by the Milwaukee & St. Paul Railroad for its right of way into the City of Milwaukee. However, arrangements had not been made to utilize this route until tracks had been laid as far south as the Dillman family farm nearby in the present Village of Bayside. The Milwaukee, Lake Shore & Westerns offer to utilize these tracks was turned down as officials of the Milwaukee & St. Paul could not see a benefit in aiding a competitor. A new route from the northern edge of Whitefish Bay into Milwaukee was needed, and Chief Engineer Louis Soulerin suggested heading the tracks towards the lake front and continue down the bluff near Milwaukees North Point to its terminal on the lake front downtown was conceived. This route was presented to the Chicago & Northwestern Railroad, also looking for a route into Milwaukee 27

from its Fond du Lac line, and an agreement was made to join the tracks at Lakeshore Junction, just south of Capitol Drive in Shorewood and run the shared tracks towards the downtown depot from there. 82 The tracks laid to that point were extended south along the western side of what would become Milwaukee Country Day Schools campus, veering southeast towards the intersection of Silver Spring Drive and Hollywood Avenue, continue southeast along Marlborough Drive from Birch to Fairmount Avenues, and south into Shorewood along present day Ardmore Avenue.83 In 1887, Milwaukee, Lake Shore & Western purchased land in Whitefish Bay along Fairmount Avenue. As rumors spread that the company was going to develop car shops and freight yards at this location, real estate firms platted nearby the first subdivisions north of North Avenue.84 Land was transferred from Burke and Mann to the railroad for a Whitefish Bay depot in March of 1888, providing the station be built within the year. A covered platform was constructed on each side of the track just north of Lexington Boulevard by 1890.85 These actions set off a short lived boom resulting in the platting of most of what was to become the Village of Whitefish Bay, incorporated within a few years thereafter. Officials of the railroad became financially involved in some of these subdivisions, and the company began to run special service to encourage prospective homeowners to buy lots. As the boom faded, this service was cut. However, as the local resorts grew in popularity, service by the Milwaukee, Lake Shore & Western was soon restored to Whitefish Bay. Special excursion trains ran to Whitefish Bay from Chicago, St. Louis, Cleveland, and other cities. 86 As the village grew, crossings were built to make street connections across the tracks. In 1892, crossings were installed at Marlborough Drive and Colfax Place. Two years later, one was added at Lake View Avenue. In 1895, crossings at Birch Avenue and Sylvan Avenue were finally added after years of requests by the Village. 87 In 1893, Milwaukee, Lake Shore & Western was purchased by Chicago & Northwestern, becoming part of its Lake Shore Division. Service was continued from downtown to Whitefish Bay with one engine and a single car; a station was located immediately southeast of the intersection of Silver Spring Drive and Hollywood Avenue.88 In 1895, the railroad ceased its suburban service to Whitefish Bay and gave up its idea of developing the Fairmount Avenue property as a rail yard, later deciding on completely abandoning its line between Lakeshore Junction and Fox Point. It wasnt until 1927 that Chicago & Northwestern agreed to sell their tracks and land along this 4-mile stretch to the Villages of Whitefish Bay and Shorewood. 89 That year work started on removing the rails and ended in 1929. In Whitefish Bay, these lands were platted as portions of the Right Of Way Subdivision and the Assessors Plats (A.P.) numbered 241, 244, 245, 246, 247, and 249. The village sold most of this land for private development and retained lots along Marlborough Drive to become a village civic center. Parcels were developed into Richards School (Right Of Way Subdivision); Water Tower Park, Milwaukee Jewish Federations Karl Community Campus, and the 6000 to 6100 blocks of Shoreland Avenue (A.P. 241); United Methodist Church, Whitefish Bay Public Library, Whitefish Bay Village Hall and Police Department, and Whitefish Bay Fire Department, and Divinity-Divine Charity Lutheran Church (A.P. 244); the Bay Village and Bay Colony Apartments and Condominiums and the former Whitefish Bay Incinerator (A.P. 245); Cahill Square Park and the 700 to 1000 blocks of Fairmount Avenue (A.P. 146); the former Whitefish Bay Armory at what is now Armory Park,

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Whitefish Bay High School, the 4900 blocks of Marlborough Drive and Idlewild Avenue, Holy Family Catholic Church and School, and Bay Shore Evangelical Lutheran Church (A.P. 247); and Cumberland School and the 4600 block of Ardmore Avenue (A.P. 249).90 No historic resources relating to the Milwaukee, Lake Shore & Western Railroad remain. Road Networks Sauk Trail The earliest road through the area was a trail of the Sauk Indians. It began at Wisconsin Avenue in downtown Milwaukee, ran through Whitefish Bay along Cumberland Boulevard and Lake Drive, and continued through Saukville and Sheboygan to Green Bay. 91 This, and similar trails of both Indians and early white settlers, were marked with bent trees. A branch 8 to 10 feet above the ground would be tied down with a vine or strip of rawhide to the ground in position parallel to the trail; as the fastening rotted away, the tree would branch would remain in its position marking the trail and continue to grow straight up from that point. In 1974, an elm tree in Schoolhouse Park, thought to have been a marker tree along that trail, was diagnosed as mortally wounded by parasitic elm beetles and felled. Another elm was planted in its place to memorialize the history of the trail.92 Other than Cumberland Boulevard and Lake Drive, no historic resources relating to the Sauk Trail remain. Lake Avenue Turnpike Charlie Andrews, proprietor of the Newhall House in Milwaukee, formed the Lake Avenue Turnpike Company in 1869 after obtaining a state charter to operate a toll road. At the cost of $50,000, a road was constructed along the lakefront connecting what at that time was the City of Milwaukees northern border of North Avenue at what today is Lafayette Place to Silver Spring Drive in Whitefish Bay. It opened in the fall of 1872 with one toll gate at the southern end with a 5 cent charge. As Milwaukee grew north, the southern end of the road was donated to the city, progressively moving the toll gate northward to Bradford Avenue, then into Shorewood to a point north of Edgewood Avenue, and finally to Capitol Drive. The toll road served as the first incentive for development along the North Shore. Small businesses like Lake Avenue Turnpike John Lucks saloon, now non-extant, soon opened at the end of (Photo courtesy of Tom Fehring) the line in Whitefish Bay, predecessor to the great road houses, resorts, and picnic grounds that would later open along the lake from Milwaukee to Whitefish Bay. The last remaining portion of the toll road was sold to Milwaukee County for $15,000 in the summer of 1913, making the entire length of Lake Drive a public thoroughfare as exists today. 93 At the time of its operation as a toll road, the roadway was two lanes divided by a grass median. It was known as the Whitefish Bay Road, Lake Shore Avenue, and Lake Avenue. 94 Other than Lake Drive, no historic resources relating to the Lake Avenue Turnpike remain.

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Whitefish Bay Public Streets The first streets in the Village of Whitefish Bay were all dirt roads. Streets began to be graded and paved with gravel supplied by Lewis Schreiber and William Pagels during the early 1890s. Also at this time, sidewalks slowly began to be added, with the first being on a stretch of what was called Lake Avenue along the bluff from Silver Spring to the platform of the Milwaukee & Whitefish Bay Railroad near Henry Clay Street in 1892. The following year, Day Avenue from the bluff to Lake Drive was paved with cedar blocks by John Martin of Oshkosh at the cost of approximately $4,500. In 1893, Fred Isenring financed the grading and paving of Marlborough Drive near the old Fleetwood School. That same year, Sylvan Avenue had its width reduced. In 1894, sidewalks were installed along Henry Clay Street from the lake to Marlborough Drive and Marlborough Drive between Silver Spring Drive and Henry Clay Street. These sidewalks were typically constructed of six foot lengths of 2 wooden planks. By 1908, a portion of Lake Drive was abandoned between Henry Clay Street and Fairmount Avenue due to erosion of the bluff. However, this stretch was reconstructed in 1937 and renamed Palisades Drive. 95 Mass Transportation Milwaukee & Whitefish Bay Railroad The Milwaukee & Whitefish Bay Railroad was founded by Guido Pfister, William H. Bradley, J. V. Dupre, and Val Blatz in 1886. Construction began the following year, and operations began in 1888. Tracks began in the City of Milwaukee at North and Farwell Avenues, and ran along a private right of way along Downer Avenue, continued north through Shorewood, and terminated at Henry Clay Street in Whitefish Bay near the non-extant Pabsts Whitefish Bay Resort. Land purchased from the Best Brewing Company in Welcome Park was used for the non-extant depot and platform. The stops listed in an 1891 time table were named North Avenue, Glenn Avenue, Park Place, Burleigh Street, Clarence Place, Menlo Park, Shooting Park, Pleasant Valley, Mineral Spring Crossing, Dahlmann, Oakland Avenue, Bradleys Glendale, Lake Woods, Fairmount, and Whitefish Bay. 96 The non-extant Fairmount depot was located near the intersection of Hampton Road and Woodburn Street. This rail service, nicknamed the Dummy Line, operated with a 12-ton locomotive on light gauge track pulling one enclosed car in winter and two open-air cars in summer. The line was used largely by vacationers traveling from Milwaukee to the picnic grounds and resorts along the river and lakefront in Shorewood and Whitefish Bay. A 20 minute schedule was maintained in active summer months; limited service was provided in winter.

The Dummy Line, late 1800s (Photo courtesy of Tom Fehring)

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In 1893, the Milwaukee & Whitefish Bay Railroad was authorized to extend its service along Henry Clay Street from its end at Lake Drive west to the Chicago & Northwestern Railroad at Marlborough Drive, then north to Silver Spring Drive. At present time it is unknown if this extension was ever operated. The Dummy Line ceased operations after 10 years of service in 1898, after the Milwaukee Electric Railway & Light Companys Oakland Avenue streetcar line was extended to Silver Spring Drive. 97 No historic resources related to the Dummy Line remain. The Milwaukee Electric Railway & Light Company In the fall of 1897 the Milwaukee Electric Railway & Light Company, a forerunner to the current Wisconsin Energy Corporation, was authorized to construct an extension of its Oakland Avenue streetcar line to Whitefish Bay. The line began operating the following year following its route on Oakland Avenue in Shorewood to Hampton Road; north on Bartlett Avenue, west on Fairmount Avenue; north on Woodburn Street; west along Henry Clay Street; and then parallel to the Chicago & Northwestern Railroad tracks, in the same path of todays Marlborough Drive; until Silver Spring Drive. It was eventually extended north upon Lake Drive to Day Avenue. 98 In 1904, an extension was made north along Lake Drive to School Road and on to River Road in Fox Point. A stop at School Road was used by a large number of faculty members and students of the Milwaukee Country Day School, who gave the line the nickname the Yellow Streak. For a short period of time in 1925, the streetcar was temporarily discontinued for a trail of bus service; however, residents responded by voting in favor of streetcar service over buses. In March of 1931, streetcar service north of Silver Spring Drive was discontinued, being substituted by bus service to Dean Road in Fox Point. 99 No historic resources related to The Milwaukee Electric Railway & Light Company streetcar remain. Milwaukee County Transit System Presently, the Village of Whitefish Bay is served by buses of the Milwaukee County Transit System. Route 10 terminates at Bayshore Mall, adjacent to Lydell Avenue in the City of Glendale, travels along Silver Spring Drive to Santa Monica Boulevard and continues on south to Shorewood, eventually reaching downtown Milwaukee. Route 15, also terminating at Bayshore Mall, serves Silver Spring Drive west to Marlborough Drive, south to Hampton Road, east to Oakland Avenue, continuing south on Oakland through Shorewood, and eventually reaching to downtown Milwaukee.100 List of Surveyed Historic Resources Mentioned in the TextAddress Historic Name 4801, 4803, 4805, 4807, 4809, 4811, Anita Building Corporation Apartments 4813, 4815, 4817, 4819, 4821, 4823, 4825, 4827, 4829 & 4831 N. Anita Ave. 4833, 4835, 4837, 4839, 4841, 4843, Barbara Building Corporation Apartments 4845, 4847, 4849, 4851, 4853, 4855, 4857, 4859, 4861 & 4863 N. Anita Ave. Date 1952 1952 Class Surveyed Surveyed

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4864, 4866, 4868, 4870, 4872, 4874, 4876, 4878, 4880, 4882, 4884, 4886, 4888, 4890, 4892 & 4894 N. Anita Ave. 4865, 4867, 4869, 4871, 4873, 4875, 4877, 4879, 4881, 4883, 4885, 4887, 4889, 4891, 4893 & 4895 N. Anita Ave. 4901, 4903, 4905, 4907, 4909, 4911, 4913, 4915, 4917, 4919, 4921, 4923, 4925, 4927, 4929 & 4931 N. Anita Ave. 4612 N. Ardmore Avenue 4624 N. Ardmore Avenue 4636 N. Ardmore Avenue 4648 N. Ardmore Avenue 4654 N. Ardmore Avenue 4660 N. Ardmore Avenue 4672 N. Ardmore Avenue 100, 102, 104, 106, 108, 110, 112, 114, 116, 118, 120, 122, 124, 126, 128 & 130 E. Chateau Place 115, 117, 119, 121, 123, 125, 127, 129, 131, 133, 135, 137, 139, 141, 143 & 145 E. Chateau Place 132, 134, 136, 138, 140, 142, 144, 146, 148, 150, 152, 154, 156, 158, 160 & 162 E. Chateau Place 164, 166, 168, 170, 172, 174, 176, 178, 200, 202, 204, 206, 208, 210, 212 & 214 E. Chateau Place 216, 218, 220, 222, 224, 226, 228, 230, 232, 234, 236, 238, 240, 242, 244 & 246 E. Chateau Place 100, 102, 104, 106, 108, 110, 112, 114, 116, 118, 120, 122, 124, 126, 128 & 130 W. Chateau Place 101, 103, 105, 107, 109, 111, 113, 115, 117, 119, 121, 123, 125, 127, 129 & 131 W. Chateau Place 101, 103, 105, 107, 117, 119, 121, 123, 125, 127, 129 & 131 E. Fairmount Ave. 109, 111, 113 & 115 E. Fairmount Ave. 133, 135, 137 & 139 E. Fairmount Ave. 141, 143, 145, 147, 157, 159, 161, 163, 165, 167, 169 & 171 E. Fairmount Ave. 149, 151, 153 & 155 E. Fairmount Ave. 173 E. Fairmount Avenue 175 E. Fairmount Avenue 177 E. Fairmount Avenue 179 E. Fairmount Avenue 181 E. Fairmount Avenue 183 E. Fairmount Avenue 185 E. Fairmount Avenue 187 E. Fairmount Avenue 189 E. Fairmount Avenue 191 E. Fairmount Avenue

Terese Building Corporation Apartments Catherine Building Corporation Apartments Diana Building Corporation Apartments Alvin L. Minkin House Ervin & Helen Z. Grossmann House Irv & Ann Silberman House Dr. David J. & Sarah Zubatsky House Albert M. & Ann Deshur House Simon C. Weisfeldt House Alexander & Dorothy J. Gregory House Georgia Building Corporation Apartments Shirley Building Corporation Apartments Helena Building Corporation Apartments Ivy Building Corporation Apartments Joyce Building Corporation Apartments Frances Building Corporation Apartments Elizabeth Building Corporation Apartments Bay Lawn Apartments Bay Lawn Apartments Bay Lawn Apartments Bay Lawn Apartments Bay Lawn Apartments Bay Lawn Apartments Bay Lawn Apartments Bay Lawn Apartments Bay Lawn Apartments Bay Lawn Apartments Bay Lawn Apartments Bay Lawn Apartments Bay Lawn Apartments Bay Lawn Apartments Bay Lawn Apartments

1952 1952 1952 1951 1951 1952 1953 1951 1950 1951 1950 1950 1950 1950 1950 1950 1950 1948 1948 1948 1948 1948 1949 1949 1949 1949 1949 1949 1949 1949 1949 1949

Surveyed Surveyed Surveyed Surveyed Surveyed Surveyed Surveyed Surveyed Surveyed Surveyed Surveyed Surveyed Surveyed Surveyed Surveyed Surveyed Surveyed Surveyed Surveyed Surveyed Surveyed Surveyed Surveyed Surveyed Surveyed Surveyed Surveyed Surveyed Surveyed Surveyed Surveyed Surveyed

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193 E. Fairmount Avenue 195 E. Fairmount Avenue 197 E. Fairmount Avenue 199 E. Fairmount Avenue 201 E. Fairmount Avenue 203 E. Fairmount Avenue 701 E. Fairmount Avenue 1200 E. Fairmount Avenue 1200 E. Hampton Road 4913 N. Idlewild Avenue 4919 N. Idlewild Avenue 4937 N. Idlewild Avenue 4943 N. Idlewild Avenue 4949 N. Idlewild Avenue 4965 N. Idlewild Avenue 4971 N. Idlewild Avenue 4975 N. Idlewild Avenue 825 E. Lexington Boulevard 4780 N. Marlborough Drive 5300 N. Marlborough Drive 4833, 4835, 4837, 4839, 4841, 4843, 4845, 4847, 4849, 4851, 4853, 4855, 4857, 4859, 4861 & 4863 N. Santa Monica Blvd. 4865, 4867, 4869, 4871, 4873, 4875, 4877, 4879, 4881, 4883, 4885, 4887, 4889, 4891, 4893 & 4895 N. Santa Monica Blvd. 4901, 4903, 4905, 4907, 4909, 4911, 4913, 4915, 4917, 4919, 4921, 4923, 4925, 4927, 4929 & 4931 N. Santa Monica Blvd. 4951, 4953, 4955, 4957, 4959 & 4961 N. Santa Monica Boulevard 5812 N. Santa Monica Boulevard 6255 N. Santa Monica Boulevard 6401 N. Santa Monica Boulevard 4932, 4934, 4936, 4938, 4940, 4942, 4944, 4946, 4949, 4950, 4952, 4954, 4956, 4958, 4960 & 4962 N. Shoreland Ave. 4864, 4866, 4868, 4870, 4872, 4874, 4876, 4878, 4880, 4882, 4884, 4886, 4888, 4890, 4892 & 4894 N. Shoreland Ave. 4865, 4867, 4869, 4871, 4873, 4875, 4877, 4879, 4881, 4883, 4885, 4887, 4889, 4891, 4893 & 4895 N. Shoreland Ave. 4900, 4902, 4904, 4906, 4908, 4910, 4912, 4914, 4916, 4918, 4920, 4922, 4924, 4926, 4928 & 4930 N. Shoreland Ave. 4901, 4903, 4905, 4907, 4909, 4911, 4913, 4915, 4917, 4919, 4921, 4923, 4925, 4927, 4929 & 4931 N. Shoreland Ave. 6035 N. Shoreland Avenue 6039 N. Shoreland Avenue 6045 N. Shoreland Avenue 6054 N. Shoreland Avenue

Bay Lawn Apartments Bay Lawn Apartments Bay Lawn Apartments Bay Lawn Apartments Bay Lawn Apartments Bay Lawn Apartments S. D. Surlow House Whitefish Bay High School Bay Shore Evangelical Lutheran Church Elmer O. & Lora Bischoff House E. J. & Esther Greiger House Ralph & Marietta Neumeier House Leo C. & Catherine Janicki House Otto & Margaret Winske House Warren & Annabel Lancaster House William Scullet House Whitefish Bay Fire Department Humboldt School Whitefish Bay Village Hall & Police Dept. Margo Building Corporation Apartments Lisa Building Corporation Apartments Karen Building Corporation Apartments Monica Building Corporation Apartments Richards School Milwaukee Country Day Junior School Milwaukee Country Day Senior School Nina Building Corporation Apartments Olympia Building Corporation Apartments Urania Building Corporation Apartments Patricia Building Corporation Apartments Rita Building Corporation Apartments Theodore E. & Alice Patricia Fajen House James R. & Dorothy Voss House John & Helen Henderson House Salvatore & Dolores Gucciardi House

1949 1949 1949 1949 1949 1949 1949 1929 1948 1929 1931 1946 1949 1947 1948 1930 1930 1954 1927 1970 1951 1951 1951 1949 1928 1931 1916 1952 1952 1952 1952 1952 1949 1950 1950 1948

Surveyed Surveyed Surveyed Surveyed Surveyed Surveyed Surveyed Surveyed Eligible Surveyed Surveyed Surveyed Surveyed Surveyed Surveyed Surveyed Surveyed Surveyed Eligible Surveyed Surveyed Surveyed Surveyed Surveyed Eligible Surveyed Surveyed Surveyed Surveyed Surveyed Surveyed Surveyed Surveyed Surveyed Surveyed Surveyed

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4815 N. Wildwood Ave., 4810 N. Marlborough Drive 4825 N. Wildwood Avenue 4849 N. Wildwood Avenue

Holy Family Catholic Church & Rectory Holy Family Convent Holy Family Parish School

1969 1960 1950

Eligible Eligible Eligible

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7ArchitectureIntroduction Architecture in Wisconsin has mirrored the trends and fashions that were evident in the rest of the United States. Whitefish Bays historic architecture stock is no different. Beginning with the Greek Revival style, most major architectural styles of the nineteenth and twentieth century are seen in Whitefish Bay. This chapter includes a brief description of the major architectural styles evident in Whitefish Bay followed by examples of buildings of that particular style. A discussion of the prevalent building materials in Whitefish Bay is also included with several examples of buildings constructed of those materials. Lastly, a brief history of many of the architects, engineers, and contractors who worked in the area is included along with listings of buildings associated with those persons or firms. Architectural Styles Greek Revival The Greek Revival style is derived from historic Greek temples. It was one of the first recognized styles seen in Wisconsin, dating from 1840 to 1870. Because these buildings date so early in Wisconsins history, they were often wood framed as it was the only readily available material of the time. Its main elements include a formal and symmetrical arrangement of columns, which may be of the Doric, Ionic, or Corinthian order, that support a triangular shaped, low sloped pediment roof. The arrangement of the M. E. & Marion Newald House, 1928 fenestration is also regular and symmetrical. In some 1071 E. Circle Drive (Photo by LJM Architects) instances, Greek Revival style buildings have tall first floor windows topped by a pediment-shaped window head while the second floor windows are hidden into an enlarged frieze. The front entry door may be topped with a transom and flanked by sidelights. In simpler designs, the columns are translated into fluted pilaster corner boards and the gabled roofline has returned eaves.101 Although the Greek Revival buildings in Whitefish Bay tend to date from the later Period Revival era, examples of Greek Revival style buildings in Whitefish Bay include the following:

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Address 6326 N. Berkley Boulevard 1071 E. Circle Drive 1530 E. Hampton Road 5521 N. Marlborough Drive

Historic Name Walter & Esther Leypoldt House M. E. & Marion Newald House George & Aline Schutt House

Date 1949 1928 1949 1931

Class Surveyed Surveyed Surveyed Surveyed

Gothic Revival The Gothic Revival style was popular in Wisconsin from 1850 to 1880. In its masonry form, it is a religious style and a residential style in its wood form. As opposed to the Greek Revival, this style is more picturesque in its form and massing. Characteristics of the style include steeply sloped roofs with wall dormers, sometimes with an ornate and shapely chimney projecting well above the roofline. Its gables may be trimmed in curvilinear gingerbread bargeboards. Fenestration is often large and pointed with tracery and colored glass and topped with a window hood. Masonry buildings of this style may have buttresses, battlements, and towers.102

Christ Episcopal Church, 1941 5655 N. Lake Drive (Photo by LJM Architects)

Similar to Greek Revival, examples of Gothic Revival style buildings in Whitefish Bay tend to date from the period Revival era and include the following:Address 5655 N. Lake Drive Historic Name Christ Episcopal Church Date 1941 Class Eligible

Second Empire The Second Empire style was named after the French Second Empire reign of Napoleon III between 1852 and 1870. The Second Empire style was popular in Wisconsin from 1870 to 1880. A prominent characteristic of the style is a mansard roof, usually curbed around the top of the visible slope. Typically, buildings of this style are tall, either two or three stories; symmetrical in form; boldly modeled; and can be elaborately ornamented with details such as quoins, cornices, and belt courses. Windows are typically arched and pedimented; those on the first floor are usually very tall.103

Raymond & Teresa Jaekels House, 1929 5960 N. Lake Drive (Photo by LJM Architects)

Examples of the Second Empire style in Whitefish Bay include the following:Address 5960 N. Lake Drive Historic Name Raymond & Teresa Jaekels House Date 1929 Class Eligible

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Queen Anne The Queen Anne style was popular in Wisconsin from 1880 to 1910. This style is highlighted by its asymmetrical plan and massing and lavish surface decoration. Architectural elements that lend to the varied massing include towers, turrets, tall chimneys, large wrap-around porches, bays, and other projecting elements. Steeply sloped roofs with multiple gables and hips are evident in this style. Wall surfaces tend to be adorned with wood clapboards, scalloped fish scale shingles, stone, brick, as well as other ornamental details. The fenestration on these types of buildings is often irregular and may include a border of colored glazing in the upper sash of a double hung window.104

L. L. Disbro House, circa 1892 524 E. Day Avenue (Photo by LJM Architects)

Examples of Queen Anne style structures in Whitefish Bay include the following:Address 808 E. Beaumont Avenue 516 E. Day Avenue 524 E. Day Avenue 624 E. Day Avenue 716 E. Day Avenue 723 E. Day Avenue 840 E. Glen Avenue 400 E. Hampton Road 5569 N. Lake Drive 5700 N. Santa Monica Boulevard Historic Name John C. & Marie Backman House Robert McAllister House L. L. Disbro House Alonzo Fowle House Herbert Kinne House Frank W. Baltes House William Fritzke House Ludwig & Rosa Leu House James & Anna McGee House Fred & Louise Consaul House Date 1928 1923 c. 1892 c. 1892 c. 1892 c. 1893 c. 1895 c. 1886 c. 1893 c. 1893 Class Surveyed Eligible Eligible Eligible Eligible Eligible Eligible Surveyed Surveyed Surveyed

Prairie The Prairie Style is influenced by the architecture of Frank Lloyd Wright and other architects in the Chicago based Prairie School, such as Whitefish Bay resident Russell Barr Williamson. It was popular in Wisconsin from 1895 to 1925 and is still used today. It is primarily a residential style which features a certain horizontal quality. This is evident in the low sloped roofs with wide soffits, horizontal banding of casement windows, and horizontal trim of accent materials in the faade. These buildings may be clad in brick with stone trim or stucco with dark wood trim. They have a large, low chimney or hearth which seemingly anchors the building to the ground.105

Russell Barr & Nola Mae Williamson House, 1921 524 E. Day Avenue (Photo by LJM Architects)

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Whitefish Bay has several fine examples of Prairie style architecture, including the following:Address 998 E. Circle Drive 5464 N. Danbury Road 1017 & 1019 E. Lexington Boulevard 4860 N. Oakland Avenue 5664 N. Shore Drive Historic Name Robert B. & Ivy E. Asquith House Meade F. Moore Duplex Russell Barr & Nola Mae Williamson House Clare H. Hall House Date 1923 c. 1920 1925 1921 c. 1921 Class Eligible Eligible Surveyed Eligible Eligible

American Craftsman The American Craftsman style, descending from the English Arts and Crafts movement in the nineteenth century, was popular in Wisconsin from 1900 to 1920. Typically in Wisconsin, American Craftsman style houses are two and one-half stories in height and constructed of brick, stucco, or stone with contrasting wood bands. The style is distinguishable by its characteristic quality construction and simple exterior and interior detailing such as broad gable or hipped roofs, one or two large front dormers, decorative brackets or rafters, prominent chimneys, and simple sashes. Glazed sun porches or open wood pergolas are not uncommon in addition to the styles hallmark open porch and heavy piers.106

Joseph Patza House, circa 1910 707 E. Fleetwood Place (Photo by LJM Architects)

Examples of American Craftsman style buildings in Whitefish Bay include the following:Address 707 E. Fleetwood Place 4943 N. Larkin Street Historic Name Joseph Patza House Date c. 1910 1923 Class Eligible Surveyed

Bungalow From 1910 to 1940, the Bungalow style was popular in this state. Houses are classified in this style because of their plan, not because of their aesthetics. These buildings can appear in several variants. It can be one story or two stories. The roofs can be gabled or hipped and may have decorative, exposed rafter ends. If the house is one story, the roof is generally low sloped. If the house is two stories, the roof often starts above the first floor and is more steeply pitched to allow for the second floor. Features of Bungalow Style buildings include dominant fireplaces and chimney, exposed and exaggerated structural elements, and porches supported by massive piers. The exterior design is adaptable to

Bernard Klatt House, circa 1918 5425 N. Lake Drive (Photo by LJM Architects)

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many different stylistic interpretations and can be seen with Colonial, Craftsman, Tudor, Japanese, and Spanish influences. Buildings of this style are clad in natural materials such as wood clapboards, shingles, brick, stone, stucco, or a combination thereof in order to achieve the desired stylistic interpretation.107 Examples of Bungalow Style buildings in Whitefish Bay include the following:Address 844 E. Birch Avenue 895 E. Birch Avenue 4915 N. Cumberland Boulevard 5561 N. Diversey Boulevard 5221 N. Hollywood Avenue 5425 N. Lake Drive 4629 N. Marlborough Drive 4817 N. Oakland Avenue 5352 N. Santa Monica Boulevard 5400 N. Santa Monica Boulevard Historic Name Roy Papenthien House William Klatte House Frank & Anna Hopp House Peter F. & Christene Hansen House William A. & Meta Priegnitz House Bernard Klatt House Elmer & Cora Merkel House John & Gertrude H. Blatz House Charles L. & Florence R. Knab House Date c. 1921 c. 1918 1926 1926 1928 c. 1918 1925 1924 1928 1928 Class Surveyed Surveyed Surveyed Eligible Surveyed Eligible Surveyed Surveyed Surveyed Surveyed

Period Revival Period Revival Styles were popular in Wisconsin from 1900 to 1940. As their name suggests, period revival styles are reminiscent of earlier styles. Due to coinciding era of popularity and period of development, a wealth of Period Revival Style buildings can be found in Whitefish Bay as described following: Colonial Revival The most prolific style in Whitefish Bay is the Colonial Revival style, as it became especially popular due to the restoration of Williamsburg, Virginia. It is most numerously exhibited in residential structures, typically two stories in