Web viewA piece of mRNA leaves the nucleus and goes into the cytoplasm to a _____, which is made out...
Transcript of Web viewA piece of mRNA leaves the nucleus and goes into the cytoplasm to a _____, which is made out...
![Page 1: Web viewA piece of mRNA leaves the nucleus and goes into the cytoplasm to a _____, which is made out of ___RNA. There, it is “decoded](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022022502/5aae796d7f8b9a25088c4e77/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Name: _____________________________ Score : _____/39Self Assessment: RNA Structure and Protein
Synthesis1. – 3. Draw an RNA nucleotide. How is it similar to/different from DNA?
Name each one and tell its function in transcription/translation (protein synthesis)4. – 5. Describe mRNA. What does it do in transcription/translation?
6. – 7. Describe rRNA. What does it do in transcription/translation?
8. – 9. Describe tRNA. What does it do in transcription/translation?
To the right is a picture of transcription and translation. Label:
A. amino acid B. anticodon C. codon D. DNA E. mRNAF. peptide bondG. polypeptideH. rRNAI. tRNA
10. _____
11. _____
12. _____
13. _____
14. _____ 15. _____
16. _____ 17. _____
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18. – 24. Describe transcription by filling in the blank with an appropriate word. (1 point each)
In the _____________________ of the cell, DNA is copied by _____________________, an enzyme, onto a single strand of _____________. Only one part of a chromosome, called a ___________ is copied and it represents the code for one __________________ that runs a function in your body somewhere. Transcription starts at a region called a ___________________________ and ends at a __________________________ signal.
25. – 36. Describe translation by filling in the blank with an appropriate word. (1 point each)
A piece of mRNA leaves the nucleus and goes into the cytoplasm to a _________________________, which is made out of ___RNA. There, it is “decoded” _________ nucleotides at a time. A sequence on the mRNA called a ______________ matches a sequence on a ___RNA called an ______________________. When this happens an _____________ ______________ is added to the chain. The result is a __________________________, which will later be modified into a protein. The three steps are starting the molecule, ___________________________, continuing to make it bigger, ___________________________ and finishing __________________________. ________________ ribosome can decode a single strand of mRNA at one time.
Decode this piece of DNA using the wheel provided.Here is a DNA strand: G G C T T A C C A T G T A C C
37. The matching RNA strand is:
38. The amino acids would be:
39. There are 64 codons, but only 20 amino acids. Why don’t they match?
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Name: __Answer Key__ Score : _39_/39Self Assessment: RNA Structure and Protein
Synthesis1. – 3. Draw an RNA nucleotide. How is it similar to/different from DNA?Similar: Different:
sugar ribose nitrogen base uracil (not
thymine)phosphate single strand
Name each one and tell its function in transcription/translation (protein synthesis)4. – 5. Describe mRNA. What does it do in transcription/translation?Long, single strand; carries code (3 bases … codon) from DNA to be decoded from transcription to translation6. – 7. Describe rRNA. What does it do in transcription/translation?Single strands make up ribosomes (with proteins, too), where polypeptide is made in translation
8. – 9. Describe tRNA. What does it do in transcription/translation?
![Page 4: Web viewA piece of mRNA leaves the nucleus and goes into the cytoplasm to a _____, which is made out of ___RNA. There, it is “decoded](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022022502/5aae796d7f8b9a25088c4e77/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Single strand, twisted like a clover; matches (3 bases … anticodon) in mRNA and brings 1 and only 1 amino acid in translationTo the right is a picture of transcription and translation. Label:
A. amino acid B. anticodon C. codon D. DNA E. mRNAF. peptide bondG. polypeptideH. rRNAI. tRNA
18. – 24. Describe transcription by filling in the blank with an appropriate word. (1 point each)
In the __nucleus_ of the cell, DNA is copied by _RNA polymerase_, an enzyme, onto a single strand of _mRNA_. Only one
part of a chromosome, called a _gene_ is copied and it represents the code for
one _protein_ that runs a function in your body somewhere. Transcription
10. _D_
11. _E_
12. _C_
13. _I_
14. _B_ 15. _H_
16. _G_ 17. _A_
![Page 5: Web viewA piece of mRNA leaves the nucleus and goes into the cytoplasm to a _____, which is made out of ___RNA. There, it is “decoded](https://reader031.fdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022022502/5aae796d7f8b9a25088c4e77/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
starts at a region called a __promoter_ and ends at a
_termination_ signal.
25. – 36. Describe translation by filling in the blank with an appropriate word. (1 point each)
A piece of mRNA leaves the nucleus and goes into the cytoplasm to a
__ribosome_, which is made out of _r_RNA. There, it is “decoded” _3_
nucleotides at a time. A sequence on the mRNA called a _codon_ matches a
sequence on a _t_RNA called an _anticodon_. When this happens an
_amino_ _acid_ is added to the chain. The result is a
_polypeptide_, which will later be modified into a protein. The three
steps are starting the molecule, _initiation_, continuing to make it bigger,
_elongation_ and finishing _termination_. _>1_ ribosome can decode a single strand of mRNA at one time.
Decode this piece of DNA using the wheel provided.Here is a DNA strand: G G C T T A C C A T G T A C C
37. The matching RNA strand is: C C G A A U G G U A C A U G G
38. The amino acids would be: proline–asparagine–glycine–threonine-tryptophan
39. There are 64 codons, but only 20 amino acids. Why don’t they match?
One codon is start
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(AUG…methionine), several are stop codons (UAA, UAG, UGA) and some amino acids have more than one codon (e.g. Valine is UGA, UGC, UGG, UGU)