The Domains/ Kingdoms

Definitions:Autotroph - organisms capable of obtaining energy from

the physical environment (sunlight or thermal

vents)Heterotroph- organisms capable of obtaining food and

energy from eating autotrophs or other heterotrophs.

Prokaryote - single celled organisms without a true nucleus

Eukaryote - organisms (unicellular and multi-cellular) whose

cells contain a membrane bound nucleus.

The Kingdoms/domains:Domains- The first two contain prokaryotes that are unicellular 1.Bacteria – called eubacteria in your text -prokaryotic and unicellular

- they have a cell wall and one or two cell membranes

Examples: cyanobacteria, soil dwelling bacteria, disease causing bacteria

2.Archa ea –called archaebacteria in your text - prokaryotic and unicellular - lack an important carbohydrate found in the cell wall of other bacteria and they have different lipids in their

cell membranes.

- Includes bacteria that live in extremely harsh environmentsExample: methanogens

3. Eukaryota: contain eukaryotic organisms and can be divided into 4 kingdomsA.Protista - mostly single-celled (some multi-cellular)

eukaryotes; have cell walls; autotrophic or heterotrophic; reproduce sexually and asexually; live in mostly moist aquatic habitatsExamples: plankton

B.Fungi - mostly multi-cellular; eukaryotic; heterotrophic; contain cell walls; reproduce sexually or asexually; mostly terrestrialExamples: mushrooms, yeasts, molds

C. Plantae - multi-cellular; eukaryotic; autotrophic; contain cell walls; reproduce sexually or asexually; live in both terrestrial and aquatic environmentsExamples: seaweed, conifers, flowering plants

D. Animalia - multi-cellular; eukaryotic; lack cell walls; heterotrophic; reproduce mostly sexually; live both in terrestrial and aquatic habitats.Example: sponges, insects, vertebrates