Vietnam war part 1
description
Transcript of Vietnam war part 1
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VIETNAM
1954-1975
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French Indo-China
1800s France becomes colonial power in Vietnam
Japan Controls during WWII Vietminh
League formed by Ho Chi Minh Communist sympathizer
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French Indo-China
1800s France becomes colonial power in Vietnam
Japan Controls during WWII Vietminh
League formed by Ho Chi Minh Communist sympathizer
Vietnam
LaosC
ambodia
French Indochina
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Ho Chi Minh “He who Enlightens” Real Name: Nguyen
That Thanh Participated in Tax
revolts Wanted Free
Vietnam
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After WWII Prevent Communist
Expansion --containment “Domino Theory” –
Eisenhower US paying 75% of War Cost
French Losing
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Defeated French
Dien Bien Phu Jungle fortress in Vietnam
Signaled the end of French/European Influence in Asia NO US help – Too soon?
Vietnminh Experience Captured 11,721 men
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Geneva Conference
Work out peace agreement & decide Indochina’s future
Geneva Accords (Temporary) Cease Fire 17th Parallel (DMZ) July 1956 – General Elections
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Vietnam Leaders
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Ngo Dinh Diem
South Vietnam Anti-Communist Corrupt Gov Favored
Catholics Cancelled 1956
Election
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Ho Chi Minh
North Vietnam Totalitarian Gave land to
Peasants Wanted Unified
Vietnam
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Civil War – Vietnam
National Liberation Front (Vietcong aka “Charlie”) Vietnamese Communist in South Killed Southern Officials
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Diem’s Overthrow
Arrested & Killed Buddhist Monks US Threatens to withdraw
Diem refuses to change US supports overthrow NOV 1963
Diem Assassinated
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US Involvement
EisenhowerEisenhower Send
$ & weapons Advisors to train
KennedyKennedy Increase
Advisors
JohnsonJohnson
Expanded Effort
Tonkin Gulf Resolution
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Gulf of Tonkin
USS Maddox was attacked by torpedo boats off coast of North Vietnam
Two Naval Battles ensued 2nd attack was announced by LBJ
Not accurate US was on spy mission (we provoked)
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Gulf of Tonkin Resolution
Gave complete control to President LBJ Without approval
from congress
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US Enters Vietnam
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Operation Rolling Thunder
Continuous bombing campaign for 3 years Did Nothing but damage country Downed Planes: POW’s
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Air Strikes
US introduces B-52 Bomber Saturation Bombing “Carpet Bombing”
Dropped thousands of Explosives on North Vietnam
Fragmentation Bombing “Cluster Bombs”
Explosive projecting metal shavings Target: Ho Chi Minh Trail
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Ho Chi Minh Trail Supply
route through Laos and Cambodia to aid V.C.
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Agent Orange
Pesticide to kill plants (Defoliant) Goal: Expose hiding places
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Napalm
Chemical agent that burns uncontrollably
Search and Destroy Strategy
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Effects of Air Bombing
1. Strengthened V.C.2. Soviets & China support V.C.3. Led to South Vietnamese joining
the V.C.