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VETIVER VETIVER SYSTEMSYSTEM AS A SOLUTION AS A SOLUTION FORFOR EROSION AND SHALLOW FAILURE EROSION AND SHALLOW FAILURE

CONTROL OF ROAD SLOPECONTROL OF ROAD SLOPE

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• 45% OF INDONESIAN AREA IS MOUNTAINOUS AND SENSITIVE TO LANDSLIDES AND EROSION

BACKGROUND

• EROSION CAUSED BY NATURAL FACTORS (SLOPE, RAINFALL, GEOLOGYCAL), AND HUMAN FACTORS

• GLOBAL WARMING AND CLIMATE CHANGE PHENOMENON CHALLENGE PUBLIC WORKS INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT ON EROSION AND LANDSLIDE DISASTER.

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• POLICY ON IMPLEMENTATION OF GREEN CONSTRUCTION BY HARMONIZE INFRASTRUCTURE AND BUILDING IN A WIDER NETWORK AND SCOPE, RELATED TO CLIMATE, NATURAL RESOURCES, ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND CULTURE ASPECTS.

BACKGROUND

• VETIVER SYSTEM IS A GREEN CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY

• UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS OF VETIVER GRASS ARE DEEP ROOT (5M), PLANT DISEASE RESISTANT, SURVIVE IN ROCKY SOIL WITH HIGH ACIDITY LEVEL.

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EROSION/LANDSLIDE PROBLEMS IN INDONESIAEROSION/LANDSLIDE PROBLEMS IN INDONESIA

GIVE IMPACT TO:•INFRASTRUCTURE•HUMAN, AND•ECONOMIC ASPECT

SLOPE AT SURABAYA-MADURA ROAD SECTION

SLOPE AT YETTI – ARSO, PAPUA ROAD SECTION

SLOPE AT JANAN –GEREJA ROAD SECTION

SLOPE AT SANTAN - BONTANG ROAD SECTION

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EROSION

LOSSES• SAFETY• COMFORT• ENVIRONMENT

MOSTLY HAPPENED IN INDONESIAN

ROAD SLOPE

TECHNOLOGY IS NEEDED

EASY TO USELOW COST

ENVIRONMENTAL FRIENDLY

APPLICABLE

VEGETASION/ VETIVER GRASS

MECHANICAL

CHEMICAL

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VETIVER GRASSVETIVER GRASS

KNOWN AS “AKAR WANGI” (Vetiveria zizanoides) OR “USAR” (Vetiver nigritana), VETIVER IS A KIND OF WONDER PLANT WITH MANY PECULIARITIES.

WORLDWIDE, VETIVER HAS BEEN USED FOR ECOLOGICAL AND LAND AND WATER FITOREMEDIATION (ENVIRONMENT REHABILITATION USING PLANT) PURPOSES

THE USAGE OF VETIVER IN INDONESIA NOWADAYS IS LIMITED TO PRODUCE “AROMATIC OIL” AND USE FOR EROSION CONTROL OF ROAD AND RIVER SLOPE

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• MINING AREA REHABILITATION• SLOPE EROSION PREVENTION • LAND ABRATION BARRIER• SLOPE STABILIZATION• WASTE WATER POLUTION CONTROLING

(FOR EXAMPLE : IN PULP AND PAPER INDUSTRY, FERTILIZER INDUSTRY, ETC)

BENEFIT AND APPLICATION OF VETIVERBENEFIT AND APPLICATION OF VETIVER

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VETIVER

MORPHOLOGY CHARACTERISTICS

ECOLOGY CHARACTERISTICS

PHISIOLOGY CHARACTERISTICS

TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS

CIVIL WORK CHARACTERISTICS

OTHER CHARACTERISTICS

VETIVER

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MORPHOLOGY CHARACTERISTICS

DEEP AND MASSIVE ROOT SYSTEM, CAN PENETRATE UP TO 3-4 M IN THE FIRST YEAR

DENSE AND EXTENSIVE ROOT SYSTEM, CAN BIND SOIL, HARDLY TO UNPLUGGED AND RESISTENT TO DRY CONDITION

RIGID AND HARD TRUNK, HOLD UP TO GROUND WATER STREAM (0.6 – 0.8 M)

VETIVER FENCE WILL GROW UP TO 1M WITHIN FIRST THREE MONTHS AFTER SEEDING, UP TO 1.5M WITHIN FIRST FIVE MONTHS AFTER SEEDING AND ALREADY BECOME SLOPE STABILIZER

IF PLANTED CLOSE TO ONE ANOTHER FORMING TIGHT LINE/FENCE, IT WILL REDUCE RUNOFF VELOCITY, DIVERT WATER FLOW AND BECOME AN EFFECTIVE FILTER.

ROOT

SOURCE: PAUL TRUONG, 2004

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ECOLOGY CHARACTERISTICS

PHISIOLOGY CHARACTERIST

WEEDING MUST BE DONE IN EARLY STAGE VETIVER GROWTH

DO NOT GROW ON SHADY CONDITION; VETIVER MUST EXPOSE TO DIRECT

SUNLIGTH SURVIVE IN EXTREME CONDITION;

RESIST TO DRYNESS, FLOOD, PUDDLE AND TEMPERATURE AROUND 14ºC - 5ºC

RESIST TO PH RANGE 3-10,5 RESIST TO SALINATE SOIL,

SOLIDATION, SULFATE ACID RESIST TO POISONOUS. ROOT CAN PENETRATE HARD SOIL

LAYER TO 15 CM DEPTH.

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TENSILE STRENGTH : 75 MPA or 750 Kg/cm2

(±1/6 TENSILE STRENGTH OF MILD STEEL) SHEAR STRENGTH : 6-19 KPA/KG ROOT/M³ SOIL

(COMPARE TO TREE ROOT 3,2-3,7 KPA/KG ROOT/M³SOIL)

SHEAR STRENGTH IS USED TO HOLD MUD/SEDIMENT IN EROSION CONTROLING PROSES)

ROOT GROWS FAST: REDUCING GROUND WATER LEVEL, LOWERING PORE WATER PRESSURE, IMPROVING INFILTRATION AND REDUCING RUNOFF AND EROSION DEGREE

TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS

CIVIL WORK CHARACTERISTICS

HIGHEST STRENGTH LEVEL OF ALL TYPES OF GRASS

CAN LIVE IN SANDY, ROCKY AND SALINE SOIL CAN HOLD ON TO STREAM WATER = 0.028 M3/

SEC DENSE AND MASSIVE ROOT (UP TO 2-4 M) STRONG AND WEATHER RESISTANT BETTER IN AESTHETICS AND CO-EXIST WITH

ENDEMIC PLANTS EXPECTED COST 1/6 –1/8 OF CONSTRUCTION

COST

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• VETIVER CAN HOLD WATER RUN-OFF DAN MATERIAL WITH ITS GRASS AND REDUCE VELOCITY AND SEDIMENTATION AT POINT A SO ITS HOLD UP AT POINT B

• WATER FLOW TROUGH LOWER SLOPE C• VETIVER ROOT (D) BIND SOIL DOWN TO 3 METER

DEPTH. • WITH DENSE AND DEEP PILLAR FORM AT THE

SOIL, ROOTS PREVENT EROSION AND LANSLIDE. VETIVER EFFECTIVELY IF PLANTED IN LINE FORM A FENCE

PRINCIPLES OF VETIVER TO HOLD UP EROSION

SOURCE : Rully. 2007

RUNOFF AND

MATERIAL EROSION

REDUCED RUNOFF AND MATERIAL

EROSION

RETAINED SEDIMENT LOCATION

VETIVER LINE/FENCE

VETIVER ROOT

LANDSLIDE AREATHICKNESS : 0-2M

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VETIVER GRASS TECHNOLOGY APPLICATION BY Institute of Road Engineering (IRE)

• SEED AND SOIL TYPES TRIAL• ROOT GROWTH TRIAL• VETIVER GRASS SEEDING AT IRE

• SURABAYA – MADURA BRIDGE, EAST SECTION, EAST JAVA (2010)• BALIKPAPAN – SAMARINDA, LOA JANAN - GEREJA ROAD SECTION, EAST

KALIMANTAN (2010)• ARSO – YETTI ROAD SECTION,PAPUA (2010)

SMALL SCALE LABORATORY

FULL LABORATORY

• NAGREG ROAD SECTION, JAWA BARAT (2008)• CIPULARANG TOLL ROAD KM 95 DAN KM 100 ROAD SECTION, WEST JAVA (2009)

FIELD LABORATORY

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SMALL SCALE LABORATORY EXPERIMENT AT IRE

ROOT GROWTH TRIAL

SEED AND SOIL TYPES TRIAL

SLOPE 45O, GRASS, PLACEMENT VARIATION ,

SILTY LAY LOAM

SOURCE: IRE, 2009 - 2010

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VETIVER GRASS NURSERY AT IRE

AT PUSJATAN CAMPUS

AT SAMARINDA AT SURABAYA

BARE ROOT SLIPS POLIBAG

POLIBAGPOLIBAG

SOURCE: IRE, 2009 - 2010

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FIELD LABORATORY AT NAGREG KM 43 - WEST JAVA

SLOPE 80O, AGE: 4 MONTHS

BEFORE TRIMMING

SOIL TYPE: CLAY,SLOPE HEIGTH VARIATION (7M)

SLOPE LENGTH (5M/TREATMENT)

SLOPE 80O, AGE: 4 MONTHSAFTER TRIMMING

SOURCE: IRE, 2009 - 2010

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FIELD LABORATORY AT CIPULARANG TOLL ROAD, KM 95 ROAD SECTION, WEST JAVA

SLOPE 60O, AGE: 3 MONTHS

SLOPE 30O, AGE: 3 MONTHS

SLOPE 45O, AGE: 3 MONTHS

SOIL TYPE: SILTY CLAY,SLOPE HEIGTH VARIATION (3, 6, 9 M)

SLOPE LENGTH(5M/TREATMENT)

SOURCE: IRE, 2009 - 2010

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FIELD LABORATORY AT CIPULARANG TOLL ROAD, KM 100 ROAD SECTION, WEST JAVA

SLOPE 60O, AGE: 3 MONTHS

SLOPE 30O, AGE: 3 MONTHS

SLOPE 45O, AGE: 3 MONTHS

SOIL TYPE: DUSTY CLAYSLOPE HEIGTH VARIATION (3, 6, 9 M)

SLOPE LENGTH(5M/TREATMENT),STABILITY INDEX: UNSTABLE

SOURCE: IRE, 2009 - 2010

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FULL SCALE TRIAL AT SURABAYA – MADURA ROAD SECTION, EAST JAVA

BEFORE(EKSISTING)

WITH VETIVER TECHNOLOGY,

AGE 2,5 MONTHS

SLOPE LENGTH: 300 M, HEIGHT:14 M,GRANULAR: GRANULE

SOURCE: IRE, 2009 - 2010

1 MONTH

4 MONTH

REGULAR CUTTING (TRIMMING) AFTER 4

MONTH

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FULL SCALE TRIAL AT LOA JANAN – GEREJA ROAD SECTION, EAST KALIMANTAN

BEFORE (EKSISTING)

WITH VETIVER TECHNOLOGY,

AGE: 2 MONTHS

SLOPE LENGTH:100 M, HEIGHT: 34 M,GRANULAR: KERSAI/GRANULE

SOURCE: IRE, 2009 - 2010

1 MONTH

4 MONTH

REGULAR CUTTING (TRIMMING) AFTER 4

MONTH

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FULL SCALE TRIAL AT YETTI – ARSO ROAD SECTION, PAPUA

BEFORE (EKSISTING)

WITH VETIVER TECHNOLOGY

AGE: 1.5 MONTHS

SLOPE LENGTH: 300 M, HEIGHT: 12 M,STRUCTURELESS/MASSIVE

SOURCE:IRE, 2009 - 2010

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• RESEARCH REPORT DOCUMENTS (2007-2010)• TRAINING MODULES (NURSERY, IMPLEMENTATION, AND

MAINTANANCE OF VETIVER SYSTEM) • TECHNICAL GUIDELINE ON SURFACE EROSION CONTROL

AND SHALLOW FAILURE PREVENTION OF ROAD SLOPE• DRAFT SPESIFICATION OF IMPLEMENTATION OF VETIVER

SYSTEM• DRAFT SPESIFICATION OF CHARACTERISTIC OF VETIVER

GRASS

R&D PRODUCTS BY IRE

INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON GREEN ROAD CONSTRUCTION AND WORKSHOP ON

VETIVER SYSTEM

Bandung 2nd – 4th November 2011

RELEVANT IRE’S CALENDAR YEAR 2011

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CONCLUSION

VETIVER SYSTEM CAN BE USED EFFECTIVELY TO CONTROL SURFACE EROSION AND SHALLOW FAILURE OF ROAD SLOPE

VETIVER SYSTEM CAN BE USED EFFECTIVELY AT SLOPE 30O – 60O

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RECOMENDATION

VETIVER SYSTEM COULD BE APPLIED BY ROAD AUTHORITIES TO COPE WITH EROSION AND SHALLOW FAILURE OF ROAD SLOPE

AT ROAD SLOPE > 60O, VETIVER TECHNOLOGY IS NOT RECOMMENDED TO APPLIED SOLELY(MUST COMBINED WITH MECHANICAL METHOD)

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THANK YOUTHANK YOU