Vertebrates: Part II

Reptiles & Birds

ReptilesDry body coveringScaly skin made of keratinHeart has 3 chambersWell-developed lungs for

breathingToes have clawsCold Blooded

Reptile ReproductionAmniote Egg

developed:–Hard shell prevents

water loss and protects the embryo

Internal fertilization

HomeostasisModern reptiles = cold blooded

Dinosaurs may have been warm blooded

Classes of ReptilesTestudo- turtlesSquamata-lizards, snakesCrocodilia- alligators,

crocs

Lizards and Snakes

LIZARDS:– Slender bodies– Movable eyelids– Long tails– Four legs– Clawed toes

Lizards and Snakes

LIZARDS:– Some can change

color to match their surroundings for protection

• Ex. Chameleons

– Some shed their tail to confuse a predator so they can get away

Lizards and Snakes

SNAKES:– Moves by wiggling its

body– Scales on belly help to

grip the ground– Eat small animals like

rats and mice– Some are poisonous– They are deaf and have

poor eyesight– Use their tongue as a

sense organ

TURTLES

Body enclosed in a shell

No teeth, they have a beak to get food

Lay their eggs on the same beach where they were born

ALLIGATORS & CROCODILES

Meat eating Spend most of time in

water Build nests of mud and

plants to lay eggs in Gators: broad rounded

snouts– Teeth don’t show

Crocs: narrow pointed snouts– Teeth show

BirdsBody covered by feathersWarm bloodedBones have air sacsToothless beak

Bird AdaptationsFeet differ by

lifestyleBill based on

food typeForelimbs =

wings

Feather Types Down: for insulation Filoplumes: hairlike

to detect pressure and vibrations

Contour: give shape and color to bird

Flight: used to fly

HomeostasisWarm blooded4-chamber heartHigh metabolismRapid heartbeat

Other SystemsNervous: highly developedExcretory: reducedDigestive

–Crop – stores food for later

–Gizzard – grinds food

Bird ReproductionSystem Reduced Produce Amniote EggInternal Fertilization

BIRD BEHAVIOR Sing to mark their territory Build nest to protect their eggs Migrate: move to warmer climates

during the winter

TYPES OF BIRDS Song Birds: beautiful feathers and sing often

– cardinals, sparrows, and robins Hunting Birds: fast, sharp eyesight

– Hawks, eagles, falcons and owls Water Fowl: swim in lakes and ponds

– Swans and ducks Flightless Birds: fast runners or good

swimmers– Penguins, emu, ostrich and rhea