Vertebrate classification(with example)

Kingdom = Animalia

Phylum = Chordata

Subphylum = Vertebrata

Class = Mammalia

Order = Marsupialia

Family = Didelphidae

Genus = Didelphis

Species = Didelphis virginiana (Virginia opossum)

http://www.animals-online

Kingdom Animalia http://www-class.unl.edu/bios201a/

Animal cell

Phylum Chordata http://www.anselm.edu/homepage/jpitocch/genbios/34-02-ChordateCharacters-L.gif

Amphioxus: a non-vertebrate chordate

Subphylum Vertebrata

http://medic.med.uth.tmc.edu/Lecture/labeled/bs106001.gif

http://face-and-emotion.com/dataface/physiognomy/media/cranium_side.jpg

Iowa vertebrate classeshttp://www.cortland.edu/herp/keys/images/frogs/

http://static.flickr.com/

http://www.fnal.gov/ecology/wildlife/pics/

http://ndis.nrel.colostate.edu/herpatlas/

http://www.fcps.k12.va.us/StratfordLandingES/

http://www.iowadnr.com/fish/iafish/abl-card.html

Class Jaws Tetrapod Amniote egg Uniform Internal

temperature

Mammary glands

Jawless fishes (Cephalaspido-morphi)

Jawed fishes

(Osteichthyes)

Amphibians

(Amphibia)

Reptiles (Reptilia)

Birds

(Aves)

Mammals (Mammalia)

Jawless fishes (Cephalaspidomorphi)

http://www.zoo.ufl.edu/courses/vertzoo/Images/

http://www.nwrc.usgs.gov/world/images/lamprey.jpg

http://www.rsc.org/images/lamprey-300_tcm18-39592.jpg

Sea lamprey (not an Iowa species)

Jawed fishes (Osteichthyes)

Iowa DNR

Class Jaws Tetrapod Amniote egg Uniform Internal

temperature

Mammary glands

Jawless fishes (Cephalaspido-morphi)

No

Jawed fishes

(Osteichthyes)

Yes

Amphibians

(Amphibia)

Yes

Reptiles (Reptilia)

Yes

Birds

(Aves)

Yes

Mammals (Mammalia)

Yes

Amphibians (Amphibia)

Eusthenopteron (a jawed fish) could be the ancestor of amphibians

http://www.lautringer.de/Alle_Dinosaurier_in_Kaiserslau/Dinosaurier_Album_1/

Krohne (2000)

http://www.herpnet.net/Iowa-Herpetology/

http://fwie.fw.vt.edu/VHS/

Class Jaws Tetrapod Amniote egg Uniform Internal

temperature

Mammary glands

Jawless fishes (Cephalaspido-morphi)

No No

Jawed fishes

(Osteichthyes)

Yes No

Amphibians

(Amphibia)

Yes Yes

Reptiles (Reptilia)

Yes Yes

Birds

(Aves)

Yes Yes

Mammals (Mammalia)

Yes Yes

Reptiles (Reptilia)

http://www.herpnet.net/Iowa-Herpetology/images/

http://epod.usra.edu/archive/images/egg_mass.jpg

Fish, amphibian eggs are unshelled

Amniote Egg

http://tolweb.org/tree/ToLimages/Amniote_egg.gif

http://www.wvup.edu/ecrisp/imageJB7.JPG

Class Jaws Tetrapod Amniote egg Uniform internal

temperature

Mammary glands

Jawless fishes (Cephalaspido-morphi)

No No No

Jawed fishes

(Osteichthyes)

Yes No No

Amphibians

(Amphibia)

Yes Yes No

Reptiles (Reptilia)

Yes Yes Yes

Birds

(Aves)

Yes Yes Yes

Mammals (Mammalia)

Yes Yes Yes

Birds (Aves)

Archaeopteryx (oldest known bird?)

Saurischian dinosaur

http://members.at.infoseek.co.jp/komiyagi/archaeopteryx.jpg

http://www.dinosaur-museum.org/featheredinosaurs/deino-lg.jpg

Class Jaws Tetrapod Amniote egg Uniform internal

temperature

Mammary glands

Jawless fishes (Cephalaspido-morphi)

No No No No

Jawed fishes

(Osteichthyes)

Yes No No No

Amphibians

(Amphibia)

Yes Yes No No

Reptiles (Reptilia)

Yes Yes Yes No

Birds

(Aves)

Yes Yes Yes Yes

Mammals (Mammalia)

Yes Yes Yes Yes

Source unknown

http://www.dinooption.com/img04/cynognathus01.jpg

http://www.simnet.is/xpert/cynognathus.jpg

Mammal (Mammalia)ancestors?

Therapsida (e.g., Cynognathus)

Class Jaws Tetrapod Amniote egg Uniform internal

temperature

Mammary glands

Jawless fishes (Cephalaspido-morphi)

No No No No No

Jawed fishes

(Osteichthyes)

Yes No No No No

Amphibians

(Amphibia)

Yes Yes No No No

Reptiles (Reptilia)

Yes Yes Yes No No

Birds

(Aves)

Yes Yes Yes Yes No

Mammals (Mammalia)

Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

Vertebrate characteristics and evolution references

(available in lab)

• Colbert, E.H. 2001. Colbert’s evolution of the vertebrates.Wiley-Liss.

• Feldhamer, G.A., L.C. Drickamer, S.H. Vessey, and J.F. Merritt. 2004. Chapter 4: evolution and dental characteristics, in Mammalogy. McGraw-Hill.