Verifying the accuracy of JSATS tagged fish location AFS 2013

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Where Are the Fish… Really??? Verifying the Accuracy of Acoustic Estimates of Fish Location BISHES RAYAMAJHI, SHON A. ZIMMERMAN, DARIN J. ETHERINGTON*, TYLER D. MITCHELL*, ZHIQUN (DANIEL) DENG, TAO FU, GENE R. PLOSKEY, AND MARK A. WEILAND 1 Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Pacific States Marine Fisheries Commission*

Transcript of Verifying the accuracy of JSATS tagged fish location AFS 2013

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Where Are the Fish… Really???

Verifying the Accuracy of Acoustic Estimates of Fish Location

BISHES RAYAMAJHI, SHON A. ZIMMERMAN, DARIN J. ETHERINGTON*, TYLER D. MITCHELL*,ZHIQUN (DANIEL) DENG, TAO FU, GENE R. PLOSKEY, AND MARK A. WEILANDPacific Northwest National LaboratoryPacific States Marine Fisheries Commission*

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Background

Large-Scale Acoustic Telemetry StudiesSurvival

Route of passage

Behavior

Results are used to make structural and hydraulic changes to improve passage and survival of juvenile salmon out-migrating to the ocean

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Introduction

JSATS System VerificationError analyses to verify tracking system performance in 3-dimensional space

Verify accuracy of target position

Calculate error in position through out dam forebay

Verify operation and installation JSATS cabled array hydrophonesCables are properly connected

Hydrophones are functioning

System performanceDetection range

Detection efficiency of acoustic transmitter relative to background noise levels (SNR)

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Processes Involved

Survey Hydrophone

Positions

Remote Test Boat Operation

Error Analysis

Deployment

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Step 1: Survey Hydrophone Positions

Use standard survey equipment and techniques

Use surveyed benchmarks

Develop local controlsMeasure horizontal and vertical deployment co-ordinates

Error analyses to verify tracking system performance in 3-dimensional space

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Sensor location Survey

Modified hydrophone trolley deployed with survey prism or RTK-GPS receiver

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Survey Data Processing and Adjustment

Survey data processed in Trimble Business Center

Coordinates based on dam configuration and are adjusted to account for piernose slope, project azimuth, and hydrophone deployment depth

If position doesn’t lineup….resurvey

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Step 2: Remote Test Boat Operation

Remote controlled test boatTwin trolling motors

Handheld Trimble GPS receiver with antenna

Deployed from dam and operated throughout detection area of array

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Beacon and Acoustic Transmitters

Acoustic beacons and JSATS acoustic micro-transmitters are fixed below remote boat at known depths

Programmed to transmit coded signals every second

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Signal Detection and Processing

Remote boat operated throughout JSATS detection arrayBeacons or acoustic micro-transmitters suspended beneath boat

Tracking baseline within about 150 m of dam face

Transmitted signals are received by hydrophone array on dam

Acoustic signals are decoded on network of computers on dam

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Step 3: Error Analysis

• Differences in actual recorded GPS coordinates for each of the tags at known time are compared with the coordinates computed by the tracking algorithm to determine the positional errors.

3-D tracking of acoustic micro-transmitterDecoded signals are validated and filtered in MATLAB

An acoustic signal must be detected on at least four hydrophones with accurate time of arrive (TOA) data to estimate an acoustic transmitters location in 3-D (x, y, z)

Time of arrival differences (TOAD) of the valid signal detected on four hydrophones are used to solve for the 3-D location of the acoustic transmitter

Error checkingDifferences in actual recorded GPS coordinates for each acoustic transmitter at known time (from GPS receiver on mobile boat) are compared with the coordinates computed by the tracking algorithm to determine the positional error

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Contour Plot of RMS Errors

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Computed Source Tag Location in 3D

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Factors Affecting Location Accuracy

Error in hydrophone position accuracy

Surveying error

Cable management issue

Position of the source tag respective to the hydrophone locations

Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) of the decoded signal

Velocity of sound in water

Error in GPS time synchronization

Multipath

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Conclusion

This process ensures the JSATS cabled array system will provide accurate positional data for tagged fish location, movement, and dam-passage location.

Also, provides a cross check on any probable errors on hydrophone location survey points and cable hook up.

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References

Deng, D.Z., Weiland, M.A., Fu, T.,Seim, T.A., LaMarche, B.L., Choi, E.Y., Carlson, T.J., and Eppard B.M. 2011. A Cabled Acoustic Telemetery System for Detecting and Tracking Juvenile Salmon: Part 2. Three-Dimensional Tracking and Passage Outcomes. Sensors, ISSN 424-8220.

Ehrenberg, J. E., and Steig, T. W. 2002. A method for estimating the ‘‘position accuracy’’ of acoustic fish tags. ICES Journal of Marine Science, 59: 140–149.

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Acknowledgements

PNNL Staff• Christa Woodley• Jina Kim• James Hughes• Eric Fischer• Mike Greiner

PSMFC Staff• Scott Carpenter• George Batten