ventilated facades

7/30/2019 ventilated facades

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1VENTILATED FAADE

IMOLA TECNICATECHNICAL MANUAL

VENTILATEDFAADEIMOLA TECNICA


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2VENTILATED FAADE

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SYSTEM COMPONENTS 3

VENTILATED FAADE COUPLING TYPOLOGIES 4

Exposed coupling system 4

Concealed coupling system 4

STANDARD DISTANCES OF FAADE SYSTEMS 5

Distance for system with exposed coupling 5

Distance for system with concealed coupling 5

LOAD BEARING STRUCTURES 5

CHARACTERISTICS AND TYPOLOGIES OF LOAD BEARING STRUCTURES 6

Load bearing structure type IT-KL - with exposed coupling 6

Load bearing structure type IT-M - with exposed coupling 8

Load bearing structure type IT-Q - with exposed coupling 10

Load bearing structure type IT-S - with concealed coupling 12

Load bearing structure type IT-SR - with concealed coupling 14

Load bearing structure type IT-GE - with concealed coupling 16

DESIGN 19

Architectural drawing 19

Structural drawing 19

Slab chart 19

Static test report 19

Example of architectural drawing 20

Example of structural drawing 20

Example of structural drawing 21

Example of structural drawing details 22

LAYING THE VENTILATED FACADE 23

Bom of system to be laid 23

Tracing the grid 24

Mounting the brackets 24

Mounting the upright proles 25

Mounting the insulating panel 26

Mounting the cladding slabs 26

TECHNICAL DETAILS 29

CONTENTS


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3VENTILATED FAADE

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SYSTEM COMPONENTS

A. Masonry support layer

B. Insulation layer

C. Ventilation layer

D. Load bearing structure

E. External acing (or cladding)


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EXPOSED COUPLING SYSTEMCoupling system with clips:carried out with xing clips connected to the load bearing structure and positioned at everyintersection of the cladding slabs, supporting the cladding slabs.

CONCEALED COUPLINGKeil type coupling system:carried out by means of a work process on the back of the slabs consisting of a special trunca-ted-cone, non-through hole and the subsequent insertion of a special KEIL type anchoring towhich the cramps are xed that couple cladding and substructure.

One of the main differences distinguishing ventilated faades is the type of coupling used to x the cladding (porcelaini-zed Grs slabs, full body or glaze). The coupling is known in jargon as exposed or concealed. The specic techniques areillustrated below:

VENTILATED FAADE COUPLING TYPOLOGIES


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DISTANCE FOR EXPOSED COUPLING SYSTEMFor the exposed coupling system, variation is from a minimum of 110 mm to a maximum of 150 mm.

DISTANCE FOR CONCEALED COUPLING SYSTEMFor the concealed coupling system, variation is from a minimum of 130 mm to a maximum of 160 mm.

The structure consists of proles and brackets in extruded aluminium alloy 6063-T6 corresponding to standards UNIEN 1090 3-:2008 and DIN 18516, with a minimum thickness of 2 mm as explicitly demanded by the same standards. Thestructure is bonded to the support with special devices suitable for absorbing heat expansion/shrinking and small move-ments of the support without the cladding suffering from induced stresses.

Safety of the whole system must be guaranteed through a case by case verication on the basis of the following regula-tions in force: EUROCODE 1 ( UNI EN 1991-1-1:2004), DIN 1055 (loads on structures); UNI 11018-2003 (design of ventilated faades); UNI EN 1090-3:2008, UNI EN 1999-1-1:2007 EUROCODE 9, (design and calculation for aluminium structures); UNI EN 1993-1-4:2007 EUROCODE 3 (calculation and testing for stainless steel structures).

STANDARD DISTANCES OF FAADE SYSTEMS

LOAD BEARING STRUCTURES


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LOAD BEARING STRUCTURE TYPE IT-KL - WITH EXPOSED COUPLING

CHARACTERISTICS AND TYPOLOGIES

OF LOAD BEARING STRUCTURES


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DESCRIPTION OF THE SYSTEMFixing on existing support of L-section brackets by means of plugs suitably sized and adapted to the type of support.

Fixing of T-section proles to the brackets by means of rivets, with xed point and sliding point as per the executivedesign.Fixing of special plate in pre-painted STAINLESS steel complete with clips in STAINLESS steel AISI 316 for xing thecladding slabs.The clips may be of a colour similar to the cladding.The plate is complete with gaskets in EPDM with anti-vibration function for the cladding.The system thus composed has a gap between the cladding slabs of 8 mm.

BOM OF THE SYSTEM

Featuring exposed coupling of the cladding, the system consists of: Uprights: T-section (black, anodised); Brackets: L-section anchorage complete with prexing holding spring; Plugs: anchorage suitable for the support;

Rivets: normalised for xing uprights to brackets; Rivets: normalised for xing plates to uprights; Plate: in STAINLESS steel complete with coloured clips and gaskets.

Detail: AXONOMETRY

Detail: HORIZONTAL SECTION

Detail: VERTICAL SECTION

Detail: EXPLODED


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LOAD BEARING STRUCTURE TYPE IT-M - WITH EXPOSED COUPLING


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Fixing of special section proles to the brackets by means of rivets, with xed point and sliding point as per the exe-cutive design.In the upright prole there are grooves for housing self-positioning spacers and clips in STAINLESS steel AISI 316 forxing the cladding slabs. For slabs in format 120x60 cm laid horizontally an intermediate upright is envisaged with relatedxing clips.The clips may be of a colour similar to the cladding.The system is complete with gaskets in EPDM with anti-vibration function.The system thus composed may have a gap between the cladding slabs of 4 or 8 mm.

BOM OF THE SYSTEM

Featuring exposed coupling of the cladding, the system consists of: Uprights: T-section (with possibility of black anodization); Brackets: L-section anchorage complete with prexing holding spring;

Plugs: anchorage suitable for the support; Rivets: normalised for xing uprights to brackets; Rivets: normalised for xing clips to uprights; Clips: coloured, in STAINLESS steel AISI 316; Spacers: 4/8 mm; Gaskets: anti-vibration.

Detail: AXONOMETRY



Detail: EXPLODED


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LOAD BEARING STRUCTURE TYPE IT-Q - WITH EXPOSED COUPLING


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DESCRIPTION OF THE SYSTEMFixing on existing support of U-section brackets by means of plugs suitably sized and adapted to the type of support.

Fixing of special -omega section prole to the brackets by means of rivets, with xed point and sliding point as perthe executive design.In the upright prole there are grooves for housing self-positioning spacers and clips in STAINLESS steel AISI 316 forxing the cladding slabs.The system is complete with gaskets in EPDM with anti-vibration function.The system thus composed may have a gap between the cladding slabs of 4 or 8 mm.

BOM OF THE SYSTEM

Featuring exposed coupling of the cladding, the system consists of: Uprights: -omega section (with possibility of black anodization); Brackets: U-section anchorage; Plugs: anchorage suitable for the support; Rivets: normalised for xing uprights to brackets;

Rivets: normalised for xing clips to uprights; Clips: coloured, in STAINLESS steel AISI 316; Spacers: 4/8 mm; Gaskets: anti-vibration.

Detail: AXONOMETRY



Detail: EXPLODED


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LOAD BEARING STRUCTURE TYPE IT-S WITH CONCEALED COUPLING


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Fixing of T-section upright prole to the brackets by means of rivets, with xed point and sliding point as per theexecutive design.Riveting on upright proles of slotted horizontal stringer proles, shaped in such a way that stresses due to the action ofthe wind will be axial to the cramps.Application on cladding slabs of anchoring cramps in aluminium by means of special expansion plug in STAINLESS steel(see KEIL).Laying of the slabs thus assembled on the slotted horizontal stringers.By means of millimetric adjustment screws the system offers the possibility of variable gaps.

BOM OF THE SYSTEM

Featuring concealed coupling of the cladding, the system consists of: Uprights: T-section; Brackets: L-section anchorage complete with prexing spring;

Plugs: anchorage suitable for the support; Rivets: normalised for xing uprights to brackets; Stringers: horizontal, slotted, in special section to accommodate by anti-ip-over interlock the cramps applied on the

back of the cladding; Rivets: normalised for xing stringers to uprights; Cramps: anchoring, millimetric adjustment with locking and adjustment screw; Cramps: simple anchoring type; Gaskets: in neoprene to apply between anchoring cramp and cladding slab.

Detail: AXONOMETRY



Detail: EXPLODED


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LOAD BEARING STRUCTURE TYPE IT-SR - WITH CONCEALED COUPLING


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DESCRIPTION OF THE SYSTEMFixing on existing support of U-section brackets in aluminium alloy by a system of tangential adjustment through rotation

and alignment of the box-section upright.Fixing of box-section prole to the brackets by means of round headed rivets, with xed point and sliding point as perthe executive design.In the upright prole there are grooves for housing self-positioning spacers and clips in STAINLESS steel AISI 316 forxing the cladding slabs.Fixing by rivets on upright proles of the slotted horizontal stringers, shaped in such a way that stresses due to the actionof the wind will be axial to the cramps.Application of anchoring cramps in aluminium with special expansion plug in STAINLESS steel which is inserted into thetruncated-cone hole on the back of the slabs or panels.Laying of the slabs thus assembled on the slotted horizontal stringers.With millimetric adjustment screws, the system provides for obtaining variable gaps.The slabs are blocked from sideways sliding by a removable locking system.

BOM OF THE SYSTEMFeaturing concealed coupling of the cladding, the system consists of: Uprights: box-section in aluminium alloy; Brackets: U-section anchorage in aluminium alloy; Plugs: anchorage suitable for the support; Rivets: normalised for xing uprights to brackets; Stringers: horizontal, slotted, aluminium alloy in special section to accommodate by anti-ip-over interlock the

cramps applied on the back of the cladding; Rivets: normalised for xing stringers to uprights; Cramps: anchoring, millimetric adjustment with locking and adjustment screw; Cramps: simple anchoring type; Gaskets: in neoprene to apply between anchoring cramp and cladding slab.

Detail: AXONOMETRY



Detail: EXPLODED


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LOAD BEARING STRUCTURE TYPE IT-GE - WITH CONCEALED COUPLING

DESCRIPTION OF THE SYSTEMThe system consists of:- anchorage to the wall;- substructure formed by proles in aluminiumEN AW- 6060 worked and pre-assembled withthe cladding slabs, consisting of:

- three-lobed interlocking plugs;- housing guide.

ANCHORAGE TO THE WALLThis is a certicated anchorage specially de-signed for ventilated faades. It responds bril-liantly to the needs of application on any llersupport, including low consistency ones suchas gas beton block or holed bricks, even withoutrendering. Certicated resistance is around 230Kg for each anchorage. So its really easy for thedesigner to set even differentiated resistances.For example, to combat wind stresses, which

are notoriously accentuated on the high peri-pheries of the clad elevation, anchorages canbe added that satisfy the severest requirementsof admissible load.


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ANCHORAGE OF THE SUBSTRUCTURE TOTHE SLAB

The slabs chosen by the designer are prepared,i.e. equipped with slotted holes and ellipsoidundercuts to house the bayonet insert. Rota-tion of the insert by 90 locks the element inthe slab. The three-lobed self-tapping screwxes the aluminium substructure to the slab,without the latter being stressed by expansionof various kinds. The elastic structural adhesivereconstructs the hole and during the tighteningphase ows into special channels on the prolesupport surface. After polymerisation an elasticdiaphragm is created which gives the nishedpiece high resistance and compatibility of the

various assembled elements.

MANAGEMENT OF DIFFERENT FORMATSThe substructure is designed and manufactu-

red industrially and in a subsequent productionphase is pre-assembled with the cladding slabwhich may be of any format. Through the use ofsophisticated software, mathematical modelscan be devised for the creation of pre-assem-bled slabs of different format and reciprocallycompatible. So a guided laying can be created,e.g.: 30x60 slabs coupled with 60x120 slabs po-sitioned vertically or horizontally. The designeralso has the faculty of positioning the lay whilethe work is under way.


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ADJUSTMENT ON FOUR MAIN AXESDURING LAYING

The full range of adjustments on four main axesmeans great exibility during laying. The size ofthe ventilated chamber can be varied more than20 cm while work is underway. For example, ifyou want to exploit the ventilation chamber asa technical space for housing plant, pipes etc..The fourth axis serves for inclination of theslabs and is highly useful if, for example, the de-signer envisages the prismatic effect, settingout from a at curtain wall. The innite plays oflight and related bas-reliefs possible offer freerein to the boldest creativity The faade (curtainwall) need not be prepared: the system can also

be mounted directly on holed bricks, withoutrendering. Perfect complanation is achieved byexploiting the micro-adjustments on four axes,with a considerable saving in terms of prepara-tion costs.

THE CLOSED JOINTThe substructure in aluminium consists of wide

areas of overlap which, as well as functioningas guides for facilitating laying, have top quali-ty practical and qualitative functions, thanks tospecial work processes carried out with workcentres. The closed joint prevents the intrusionof rainwater and insects and gives the ventila-ted chamber the property of continuity. Airowsare therefore controllable in both summer andwinter. In winter, due to the thermal differentialbetween chamber and external temperatures,consequent ventilation is highly important tocombat any type of condensation that may formin extreme situations, notwithstanding the ther-

mo-hygroscopic calculations.


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ARCHITECTURAL DRAWINGStudy of all the facades to be clad as per your drawing supplied in format .dwg (plans, elevations and sections); drawingof the rational modulation of the facades, with sizing of the modules relating to the selected cladding; choice of architec-tonic denition of window softs, lower and upper faade closure and solution for connecting all corners.

STRUCTURAL DRAWINGDrawing and technical description of the project with diagram of the structure, faade by faade, showing positioning ofall the components (brackets with related xed points and sliding points, proles etc.); therefore a structural tablefor each faade indicating the positioning of the structural elements; detailed table with structural denition of windowsofts, lower and upper faade closure and solution for connecting all corners.

SLAB CHARTSlab Chart with denition of all work processes to be carried out on the slabs.

STATIC TEST REPORTStatic test report on the faade system in accordance with the regulations in force for Ventilated Facades.

Technical staff draw up the executive architectonic and structural drawing on the basis of a drawing in AUTOCAD format(.dwg) supplied by the customer. Subsequently, on the basis of the architectonic executive drawing, a slab chart is deve-loped and, lastly, the static test report of the ventilated faade system is drawn up.

DESIGN


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EXAMPLE OF ARCHITECTURAL DRAWING


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EXAMPLE OF STRUCTURAL DRAWING


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EXAMPLE OF STRUCTURAL DRAWING DETAILS


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LAYING THE VENTILATED FAADE

1. Vertical profles

2. L-brackets large 2.a L-brackets - small

3. Copper tang

4. Mechanical plugs

5. Rivets

6.Starting clip

7. Starting clip rivets

8. Gap clip

9. Spacer 4/8 mm

10. EPDM

BOM OF SYSTEM TO BE LAID


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TRACING THE GRID

MOUNTING THE BRACKETS

The rst operation is to dene the point of departure 0.00 (usually at the bottom) and subsequently trace out the vertical(Y) and horizontal (X) reference axes for each faade to be clad, on the basis of the executive drawing.

Position the brackets (components 2 and 2.a) in correspondence to the intersections created by tracing the grid and xthem to the masonry support with the mechanical plugs supplied (component 4).

HORIZONTAL AXIS (X)

VERTICAL AXIS (Y)


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MOUNTING THE UPRIGHT PROFILESFix the upright proles to the brackets previously xed to the masonry support.

FIXING THE PROFILES WITH A SEALING COPPER TANGThe proles are xed to the brackets, as rst xing, with a sealing copper tang (component 3).

FIXING THE PROFILES WITH FIXED AND SLIDING POINTSSubsequently the upright proles are xed to the brackets, also by means of the FIXED POINTS, created with insertion ofa rivet in the circular slot of the bracket, and the SLIDING POINTS, created with insertion of a rivet in the elongated slotof the bracket.

It is good practice to maintain a distance of at least 1 cm between two consecutive vertical upright proles to obviate theproblem of heat expansion.

FIXEDPOINT

SLIDINGPOINT


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MOUNTING THE INSULATION PANELMounting between the upright proles of the insulating panel selected with the customer in accordance with the specic

technical features dictated by the heating engineer.

MOUNTING THE CLADDING SLABSThe cladding slabs are mounted by starting installation from the bottom upwards.

INSTALLATION OF THE STARTING CLIPSFix the starting clips (component 6) by drilling a hole in the vertical upright prole and xing the clips with rivets (compo-nent 7). The starting clip must protrude slightly downwards with regard to the vertical prole in order to conceal the latter.


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EPDM INSTALLATIONMounting on the upright vertical proles of EPDM (ethylene propylene-diene monomer) which is a type of synthetic rub-

ber (or elastomer). It has the function of reducing the vibrations produced by the cladding slab, thus avoiding that thelatter should shift or emit noise.

Application from the intersection of the slabs, therefore immediately after the clips, a strip of EPDM (component 10) ofaround 10-15 cm long.

INSTALLATION OF THE GAP CLIPSMounting on the vertical upright proles of the gap clips, inserting the slab in the starting clip (component 6). Insert the gapclip (component 8) in the groove of the vertical upright prole, turned 90 with regard to its nal position.NB: the vertical gap must be positioned in correspondence to the centre line of the vertical proles (component 1).

The operation is repeated, installing by progressive horizontal courses, from bottom to top.


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GAP ADJUSTMENTGap adjustment, as per the measurement chosen and drawn in the executive plan, is carried out with a gap spacer which,

passed through the gap, renders it homogeneous.

NBIt is important that a slab be anchored to only one vertical prole per side and never to two consecutive vertical proles,this to avoid expansion of the aluminium structure which might lead to breakage of the slab.


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TECHNICAL DETAILS

COMPONENTS:

1. Upright profle

2. L-bracket

3. Plug

4. Rivet TL

5. Grs cladding slab

6.Gap plate

7. Base plate

8. Rivet

9. EPDM

10. Micro-perorated ashing

11. Cover ashing

VERTICAL SECTION TYPE


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COMPONENTS:

1. Upright profle2. L-bracket

3. Plug4. Rivet TL5. Gap plate

6. Rivet7. Grs cladding slab8. EPDM

COMPONENTS:

1. Upright profle2. L-bracket3. Plug

4. Rivet TL5. Gap plate6. Rivet7. Grs cladding slab

8. Sheet metal9. EPDM

HORIZONTAL SECTION OF A GRES SOFFIT

HORIZONTAL SECTION OF A SHEET METAL SOFFIT


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Cooperativa Ceramica dImola S.c.Via V. Veneto, 1340026 Imola BO Italia

ventilated facades

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