VDPAM 445 Swine Topics Part 0: Walk through
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Transcript of VDPAM 445 Swine Topics Part 0: Walk through
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VDPAM 445Swine Topics
Part 0: Walk through
Dr. Alex RamirezVeterinary Diagnostic and
Production Animal MedicineIowa State University
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IDENTIFYING THE CORRECT PIG !
• Currently, we are identifying the correct pig 60% of the time
• Generally, the tendency on many sites is to treat
pigs that do not show signs of sickness
• On some sites, we fail to identify and treat pigs that are sick
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• Use of the correct drug
• Use of the correct dose amount
• 88% of sites are using lower than the dose required for the drug to be effective
• Importance of follow up treatments
• Correct injection site
Drugs and Dosage:
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Identification and Treatment
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Normal Rectal Temperature Ranges
Weaned Pig: 102.1 - 103.1o F
Growing Pig: 102.2 - 103.2o F
Finishing Pig: 101.8 - 102.8o F
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Normal Respiratory Rates
Weaned Pig: 25 - 40 breaths / min
Growing Pig: 30 - 40 breaths / min
Finishing Pig: 25 - 35 breaths / min
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How to evaluate a
ROOM /BARN
of pigs
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STOP !
LOOK !
LISTEN !
EVALUATE :
Environment
Pig Comfort
Feed Delivery
Water Supply
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• Video 1• Video 2
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How to evaluate a
PEN
Nursery and Finisher
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Use a systematic approach !
Do it the same way every time !
EVALUATE :
Pig Comfort
Pig Health
Waterer position / flow
Feeder adjustment
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• Video 3• Video 4
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Environment:
Are the pigs comfortable?
Are they cold (piling)?
Are they hot?
Are there drafts present?
Think about the environment from
the pig level, not yours!
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Water supply:
Are the nipples at the proper height
(top of the shoulders)?
Is the water flow appropriate?
1.5 - 2.5 pints / minute (nursery)
1 - 1.5 quarts / minute (finishing)
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Water Flow
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Measuring water flow rates:
Nursery:
1.5 - 2.5 pints / minute
(25-40 seconds to fill a pint container)
Finishing:
1 - 1.5 quarts / minute (finishing)
(20-30 seconds to fill a pint container)
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Nipple Height
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Feed supply:
Are the augers operating correctly?
Are the feeders adjusted properly?
Is the feed in the feeder trough free of mold and manure?
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Feeder Adjustment
Good
Excess FeedWet Feed
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The pigs CAN tell you how they feel !!
How do these pigs feel ?
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How the pigs feel is determined by:
Not only the temperature but the combination of humidity and the air speed (drafts) with the temperature !
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• Video 5• Video 6• Video 7
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What are these pigs telling
YOU ?
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They are chilled
either because they are
sick
or
the barn is too cold or drafty
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5 Most Common Symptoms
• #1 CNS (strep)
• #2 Lameness• #3 Diarrhea• #4 Pneumonia• #5 Off Feed
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EARLY INFECTION
Treatment NOW
is more
EFFECTIVE
Video 8 Video 9
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Slightly more advanced
"Dog Sitting"
Treatment NOW
is more
EFFECTIVEVideo 10
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More advanced
Treatment NOW
may still be
EFFECTIVE
Video 11
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ADVANCED
Treatment NOW
most likely
TOO LATE !!
Video 12
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Early , Mid, and Late Stages
Video 13
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Lameness and
Swollen Joints
# 2 LAMENESS
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Both rear legs have swollen joints
Notice that the pig stands with the rear legs more under its body than normal pigs to try to take weight off of the joints that are painful.
Video 14
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Pig with swollen joints on the left, normal pig on the right.
Notice the differences in the pigs posture and movements.
Video 15
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This swollen joint is warm to the touch, soft and fluid filled.
Video 16a
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Finishing Pig
Not Lame with
Firm, swollen joints
= Recovered infection or
injury
No treatment !
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This pig can't compete with other pigs for
food and water!
It must be pulled!
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#3 Diarrhea
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Diarrhea in a Nursery Pig
Video 18
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"THUMPING"
or
Labored Abdominal Breathing
# 4 PNEUMONIA
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Notice how this pig is using its abdominal muscles to breath!
Not just the muscles of the chest.
This is a THUMPING pig!
Video 19
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Increased respiratory rates due to causes other than pneumonia usually don't use the abdominal muscles like this pig.
This pig has pneumonia !
Video 20
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LOSS OF
BODY CONDITION
# 5 OFF FEED
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Notice the pig's backbone just beginning to show.
Just beginning to lose body condition from not eating.
Video 21 Video 22
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OTHER SYMPTOMS
• Tail Biting• Navel Sucking• Greasy Pig
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TAIL BITING
Is this a primary
or
secondary problem ?
Video 23
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This is most likely a
secondary problem in
this pig…
It is not healthy…
Loss of condition
and depressed
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TAIL BITING
(Finishing Pig)
Is this a primary
or
secondary problem ?
Video 24
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This is most likely a
primary problem in
this pig .......
It is healthy..
in good condition
It may need to be pulled to
keep it from getting worse!
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NAVEL SUCKING
Video 25
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Possible causes of Navel Sucking:
1) Pigs that are weaned too early.
2) Improper environment causing pigs to be uncomfortable.
The pig that is doing the navel sucking should be removed from the pen!
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Swollen navel due to infection
- Must be treated VERY EARLY
Video 26
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Greasy Pig
Video 27
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Mange
Video 29
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Video 28
Don’t forget that not everything is disease!
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Acknowledgements
• I would like to recognize others for their significant contributions to this presentation:– Dr. Locke Karriker– MKS Productions