vCnqjZghe lkgc jk;iqjh vCnqjZghe lkgc jk;iqjh jk;iqjh · xxa kgs h d s lkFk ita yk'kk tkdj gkth...

gt+jr ekSykuk 'kkg gt+jr ekSykuk 'kkg gt+jr ekSykuk 'kkg gt+jr ekSykuk 'kkg

vCnqjZghe lkgc vCnqjZghe lkgc vCnqjZghe lkgc vCnqjZghe lkgc jk;iqjh jk;iqjh jk;iqjh jk;iqjh jg0jg0jg0jg0

1850 bZ0 ls 29 tuojh 1919 bZ01850 bZ0 ls 29 tuojh 1919 bZ01850 bZ0 ls 29 tuojh 1919 bZ01850 bZ0 ls 29 tuojh 1919 bZ0

ys[kdys[kdys[kdys[kd izksQslj eqgEen lqysekuizksQslj eqgEen lqysekuizksQslj eqgEen lqysekuizksQslj eqgEen lqyseku

iiiizdk'kdzdk'kdzdk'kdzdk'kd

tkfe;krq''ks[k+ gqlSu vgen enuhtkfe;krq''ks[k+ gqlSu vgen enuhtkfe;krq''ks[k+ gqlSu vgen enuhtkfe;krq''ks[k+ gqlSu vgen enuh [k+kudkg] nsocUn&247554 lgkjuiqj mÙkj izns'k

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tqeyk gd+wd+ ys[kd ds lqjf{kr gSa

fooj.kfooj.kfooj.kfooj.k

uke fdrkc%& 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkgc jk;iqjh jg0

ys[kd%& izksQslj eqgEen lqySeku

izksRlkgu%& ekSykuk t+jhQ+ vgen dkleh unoh

lu~ izdk'ku%& 2007 bZ0

izdk'kd%& tkfe;krq''ks[k+ gqlSu vgen enuh

[k+kudkg] nsocUn&247554

lgkjuiqj mÙkj izns'k

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gt+jr 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkgc jg0 ds fo'ks"k [k+yhQ+k vkSj mÙkjkf/kdkjh gt+jr 'kkg vCnqy d+kfnj lkgc jg0 ys[kd dks ,d ckj csgV gkml lgkjuiqj esa vkils feyus vkSj n'kZu djus dk

lkSHkkX; izkIr gSA

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gt+jr 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkgc jg0 ds varjax [k+yhQ+k] gt+jr feL=h vgen glu lkgc jg0 lhesUV jksM+ nsgjknwuA lkFk esa [kM+s gSa

ys[kd izks0 lqyseekuA

gt+jr 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkgc jg0 ds thou ds lEcU/k esa vfèkdrj lkexzh vki ls gh gesa izkIr gqbZ ge buds _f.k vkSj vkHkkjh gSaA

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gt+gt+gt+gt+jr ekSykuk 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkgc jr ekSykuk 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkgc jr ekSykuk 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkgc jr ekSykuk 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkgc jk;iqjh jg0jk;iqjh jg0jk;iqjh jg0jk;iqjh jg0

1850 bZ0 ls 29 tuojh 1919 bZ01850 bZ0 ls 29 tuojh 1919 bZ01850 bZ0 ls 29 tuojh 1919 bZ01850 bZ0 ls 29 tuojh 1919 bZ0

mÙkj izns'k izfl) vkS|ksfxd 'kgj lgkjuiqj ls ,d iDdh lM+d dLck csgV ls gksdj mÙkj dh vksj pdjkSrk rd pyh xbZ gSA crk;k tkrk gS fd ;g lM+d v'kksd lezkV ds le; ls gS ftlds }kjk cq) fHk{kq frCcr vkSj phu rd tk;k djrs FksA blh izek.k ds fy, dkylh esa vkt Hkh v'kksd dk f'kykys[k gSA bl pdjkSrk jksM+ ij xUnsoM+ uke ls csgV dLcs ls 3 fd-eh- mÙkj esa ,d xkao gSA tgka iwohZ ;equk ugj dk iqy gSA cl ;gh iwohZ ;equk ugj ds ck,a fdukjs ds lkFk iDdh lM+d cuk nh xbZ gS vkSj ;gh lM+d jk;iqj] uke ds dLcs dks tkrh gS tks xansoM+ ls yxHkx ikap ;k N% fd-eh- mÙkj esa gSA dLck jk;iqj eqlyeku jktiwrksa dk ,d iqjkuk tehankjksa dh vkcknh okyk dLck gSA

dLcs ls if'pe dh vksj ugj ds ikj ckxksa ds >qjeqV esa Hkkjrh; _f"k eqfu;ksa dh Hkkafr ,d vkJe cuk gS] ,sls vkJeksa dks ftUgsa eqlyeku lar vkckn djrs ;k cukrs gSa ^[kkud+kg* dgk tkrk gSA jk;iqj ds bl vkJeuqek [kkudkg dks gt+jr 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkgc us vius fy, vYykg dh mikluk gsrq cuk;k FkkA vf/kdrj ,slh [kkudkgksa ds uke muds vkckn djus okyksa ds uke ij j[ks tkrs gSa blfy, bl [kkudkg dk uke gt+jr 'kkg vCnqjZghe jg0 ds uke ij xqyt+kj jgheh j[kk x;k gSA

[kkudkg xqyt+kj jgheh D;k dsoy ,d lar dk vkJe gh gS ;k dqN vksj Hkh \ bl iz'u dk tc ge mRrj ryk'k djrs gS rks irk

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pyrk gS fd inZs ds ihNs cgqr cM+k lkekftd] 'kSf{kd] vk/;kfREd vkSj jktuhfrd jkt vkSj bfrgkl fNik gSA fons'kh ljdkj dh xqykeh ls NqVdkjk ikus ds fy, Lora=rk tSls la?k"kZ dk ;g cM+k dsUnz jgk gSA geus izLrqr iqLrd esa blh iz'u ds mRrkj dks [kkstus dk iz;Ru fd;k gSA

blls iwoZ fd bfrgkl ds iUuksa dks iyVk tk;] [kkudkg ds laLFkkid gtjr 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkgc ds laca/k esa tkudkjh dh tk, D;ksafd Lora=rk laxzke ds iw.kZ :i ls jk;iqj esa ogh uk;d jgs gSaA bl dkj.k ;g tkuuk fd 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkgc dkSu Fks\ dgka ls vk, Fks\ ;gka dc vk;s Fks\ D;ksa vk;s Fks\ vkfn iz'uksa dk mRrj tku ysuk vko';d gSA

gt+jr 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkgc jg0gt+jr 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkgc jg0gt+jr 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkgc jg0gt+jr 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkgc jg0

okLrfodrk ;g fd [kkudkg xqytk+j jgheh dk bfrgkl ftruk xqIr jgk gS mruh gh ikS'khnk rkjh[k gt+jr 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkgc dh gSA gtjr lkgc ds bfrgkl dks [kkst fudkyuk gh bl [kkudkg ds bfrgkl dh [kkst fudkyuk gS gtjr 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkgc ds cpiu ds gkykr fcYdqy [kkeks'k gS tkudkjh lw=ksa ls vHkh rd bruk irk pyk gS fd gtjr 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkgc dh okLrfork xk¡o frxjh Fkk tks gfj;k.kk izkUr esa fLFkr gSA ogha vki ,d cM+s t+ehnkj ?kjkus eas iSnk gq, FksA vki ds firk dk uke jko v'kjQ vyh FkkA1857 bZ0 ds izFke Lora=rk laxzke esa 'kkeyh ;q) ds vanj foQy gks tkus ds i'pkr 1858 bZ0- esa gtjr ekSykuk j'khn vgen xaxksgh tc vius xq: vksj 'kkeyh ;q) dk usr`Ro djus okys gt+jr gkth benknqYykg lkgc dh ryk'k esa frxjh igqaps rks gt+jr ekSykuk 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkgc dsoy rhu o"kZ ds NksVs cPps FksA bl ?kVuk ls irk pyrk gS fd vki dk tUe 1855 bZ0 esa gqvk gS gt+jr 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkgc ds firk Hkh gt+jr

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xaxksgh ds lkFk iatyk'kk tkdj gkth bEnknqYykg lkgc ls feys FksA ckn esa gkth lkgc eDdk pys x;s Fks vkSj vkthou ogha jgsA

f'k{kk f'k{kk f'k{kk f'k{kk

gt+jr 'kkg vCnqyjZghe lkgc dh vkjfEHkd f'k{kk xkao ds eqYyk th ls gqbZA dqjku 'kjhQ mnwZ vkSj dqN Qkjlh Hkh xkao gh esa i<+ yh FkhA blds i'pkr~ vkius vjch] Qkjlh vkSj bLyke /keZ dh f'k{kk lgkjuiqj ds vjch enjlk etkgj mywe esa izkIr dh A

lar fe;ka vCnqjZghe lkgc ls llar fe;ka vCnqjZghe lkgc ls llar fe;ka vCnqjZghe lkgc ls llar fe;ka vCnqjZghe lkgc ls laidZ aidZ aidZ aidZ

bLyke /keZ dh f'k{kk izkIr djus ds i'pkr~ fdlh n{k vkReKkuh ls nh{kk izkIr djuk Hkh vfuok;Z ekuk tkrk gSA blds fy, euq"; fdlh vkReKkuh dks ryk'k djrk gS vkSj mldks viuk ihj cukdj mlds crk, gq, ekxZ ij vkRe 'kqf) ds fy, lk/kuk djrk gSA ftu fnukssa vki etkfgj mywe esa f'k{kk xzg.k dj jgs Fks] vkidk laidZ fe;ka vCnqjZghe lkgc ls gks x;kA ;g fe;ka vCnqjZghe lkgc lhek izkar ds ,d O;fDr ls eqjhn FksA ftudks v[kqan lkgc dgrsa FksA ;g v[kqan lkgc eqtkfgn Økafrdkjh Fks tks vaxzstksa ds l[r f[+kykQ+ FksA fe;ka vCnqjZghe lkgc tc vius ihj v[kqan lkgc ls eqjhn gks x;s rks ml le; vaxzstkssa dh ukSdjh djrs FksA v[kqan lkgc us lcls igys fe;ka vCnqjZghe lkgc ls vaxzstksa dh ukSdjh NqM+okbZ blds ckn iz.k djk;k fd dHkh vaxzstksa dh ukSdjh ugh djsaxsA

eqjhn gksus ds i'pkr~ tc okil vk;s rks thou fuokZg ds fy, ukSdjh dh vko';drk iM+h rks dgha u feyh fQj rax vkdj

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vaxzstksa ds ;gka ukSdjh dj yhA blds ckn dqN le; chrus ij vki vius ihj lkgc ls feyus x,A tc mudks irk pyk fd vkius vaxzstksa dh ukSdjh dj yh rks cgqr ukjkt+ gq, vkSj dgka vc rqEgkjh cSr ¼izfrKk½ VwV xbZ]bl ckr dks lqu dj vki cgqr jks, vkSj ihj lkgc ls ekQh ekaxhA bl ij vkidks ekQ djds fQj eqjhn cuk fy;k vkSj dqN eghu vius ikl j[kk tc vkidk eu lkQ gks x;k rks okil lgkjuiqj HkstkA

gt+jr ekSykuk 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkgc dks fe;ka vCnqjZghe lkgc lgkjuiqjh us vaxzstksa dsa fo:) dk;Z djus ds fy, gh eqjhn cuk;k FkkA fe;ka vCnqjZghe lkgc dk et+kj lgkjuiqj ls ljlkok tkus okyh lM+d ij lgkjuiqj esa ljlkok pqaxh ds ikl gSA mudks fe;ka vCnqjZghe blfy, dgk tkrk Fkk fd ckr djrs le; og ckr&ckr esa fe;ksa 'kCn dk iz;ksx djrs FksA blfy, mudk uke fe;ka iM+ x;k]tcfd vlyh uke vCnqjZghe FkkA

gt+jr 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkgc dk jk;iqj igqapuk gt+jr 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkgc dk jk;iqj igqapuk gt+jr 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkgc dk jk;iqj igqapuk gt+jr 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkgc dk jk;iqj igqapuk

gt+jr ekSykuk 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkgc dk ufugky vkSj nfngky jk;iqj xkao esa gh Fkk bl dkj.k viuh i<+kbZ ds le; ls gh vki ogka vk;k tk;k djrs Fks]ysfdu f'k{kk izkfIr ds i'pkr~ tc vkius vius xq: fe;ka vCnqjZghe ls vk/;kfRed f'k{kk izkIr dj yh rks muds vkns'kkuqlkj vki jk;iqj dLcas dh vksj pys x,A lcls igys vkius jk;iqj dLcs ds ikl gh vkyeiqj uked xkao ds ckax es ,d >ksiM+h M+kyh tgka vkids ikl {ks= ds xjhc yksx vkrs vkSj [kwc ?kqy&fey dj vkils feyrs vkSj ckrs djrs FksA

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;g fjvk;k vkSj tehankj dk le; FkkA jk;iqj ds jko yksx cM+s tehankj Fks mudks ;g ckr ilan ugh vk;h fd muds fj'rsnkj xjhcksa ds chp esa jgsa vkSj os yksx fcuk rdYyqQ ckrsa djsaA blfy, xkao jk;iqj ds tehnkj tks vkids fj'rsnkj Hkh Fks og bldks rkSghu le>rs FksA bl ls os mudks ogka taxy ls mBkdj xkao dh tek efLtn esa ys vk;s vkSj ,d vPNk dejk efLtn esa jgus dkss ns fn;kA dqN fnu rks vki ogka jgs ysfdu ;g jguk vkidks dSn ls Hkh cqjk yxrk FkkA vkidh rch;r ogka fcYdqy Hkh ugha yxhA rch;r u yxus dk dkj.k ;g Fkk]fd lk/kkj.k] xjhc vkneh vkils ugha fey ldrk Fkk] ftuls mudks fnyh yxko FkkA tc xkao okyksa us ns[kk fd vki x+e t+nk jgrs gSa rks vkids fy, xkao ds if'pe dh vksj ugj ds nk, fdukjs ij ckx esa ,d LFkku cuk fn;k tgka ij Qwal dk ,d caxyk rS;kj fd;k x;k vkSj vki mlesa jgus yxsA

vki ,dkarfiz; Fks] vkjaHk ls gh vkidks iDds edkukssa ls ?k`.kk lh Fkh A vkius [kkudkg es iDdk edku cukus dh dHkh vuqefr ugha nhA ijUrq fQj Hkh [kkudkg esa ,d iDdh dksBh gS blds laca/k esa gt+jr ekSykuk gchcqjZgeku jk;iqjh ukS eqfLye vkSj muds [kyhQk feL=h vgen glu lkgc us eq>s cryk;kA

^^;g tks dksBh rqe ns[k jgs gks ;g ,d cgqr cMs+ Bsdsnkj ftlus dkydk ls f'keyk tkus okyh jsyos ykbZu cukbZ Fkh mlus gt+jr dh xSjgktjh esa cuok nh FkhA dksBh rS;kj djus dk Hkh vthc bfRrQkd gSA gtjr ekSykuk 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkgc dqN fnuksa ds fy, fj;klr eSaMw eas pys x,A mu fnuksa ml Bsdsnkj us viuh reke enn vkSj Jfed m/kj yxk dj dqN gh fnuksa esa bl dksBh

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dks rS;kj djk fn;kA tc gt+jr eSaMw ls r'kjhQ yk, rks ns[kk ,d gosyh cuh [kM+h gSA**

feL=h vgen glu lkgc gt+jr 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkgc turk esa ls ,d [kyhQk Fks] vki fetkZiqj iksy ds jgus okys Fks ysfdu ckn esa lhesaV jksM nsgjknwu es tkdj cl x;s FksA eSa muls gt+jr ekSykuk gchcqjZgeku jk;iqjh ds lkFk feykA pwafd gt+jr 'kkg ekSykuk vCnqjZghe lkgc dh dksbZ thouh ugha gS blfy, muds thou ds lacaèkksa esa dqN dguk dfBu gSa feL=h vgen glu lkgc muds varjax [kyhQ+k Fks blfy, eq>s muds }kjk tks dqN feyk mldks ;gka ns jgk gwaA feL=h 'kCn dk tgka dgha Hkh bl ys[k esa o.kZu gS mLls rkRi;Z gt+jr 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkgc jk;iqjh ds [kyhQk gt+jr feL=h vgen glu lkgc ls gSA

gkth benknqYyk lkgc jg0 ls eqykdkr gkth benknqYyk lkgc jg0 ls eqykdkr gkth benknqYyk lkgc jg0 ls eqykdkr gkth benknqYyk lkgc jg0 ls eqykdkr

f'k{kk izkfIr ds i'pkr tc jk;iqj [kkudkg esa jgus yxs rks vkids eu esa gt djus dh bPNk tkxhA tc gt dh rS;kjh dj yh rks vki us vius ihj fe;ka vCnqjZghe ls feyus lgkjuiqj x,A Lo-feL=h th dk dguk gSA

^^tc vki ihj lkgc ls feyus lgkjuiqj x, rks mUgksaus Qjek;k%^^esjs pkan bl tgkt ls gt djus ds fy, er tkukA** yksxksa us pys tkus dks dgk ysfdu vkius vius ihj dk dguk ekuk vkSj ugha x,A vxyk tgkt nks lIrkg ckn tkuk Fkk vkids ihj us mlesa tkus dh vuqefr ns nhA vki tc tík tkdj mrjs rks irk pyk fd igyk tgkt vHkh rd ugha vk;k gS buds tkus ds

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,d lIrkg ckn irk pyk fd igyk tgkt ogka igqapkA tgkt ds ;kf=;ksa us cryk;k fd os dbZ ckj rqQku esa Qal x, Fks ,d ckj rks tgkt Mwcus ls cp x;kA vkius vPNk fd;k Fkk fd vki bl tgkt ls ugha vk,A

1857 bZ- ds izFke Lora=rk l;xzke ds le; 'kkeyh ds eSnku esa tc eqfLye Økafrdkjh vaxzstkas ds eqdkcys esa gkj x, rks nwljs Økafrdkfj;ksa ds lkFk lkFk gkth benknqYyk lkgc tks 'kkeyh ;q) ds la;kstd Fks dk Hkh okjaV fxj¶rkjh tkjh gks x;kA ml le; gkth benknqYyk lkgc #iks'k gksdj vaxzstksa ls cprs cpkrs vjc ns'k ds eDdk 'kgj esa igqap x, vkSj ;gha LFkkbZ #i ls jgus yxsA vc dksbZ Hkh ns'kHkDr eqlyeku tc Hkkjr ls vjc gt djus tkrk Fkk rks vius usrk gkth benknqYyk lkgc ls feyus dks viuk lkSHkkX; le>rkA tc gtjr 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkgc eDdk 'kgj esa igqaps rks lcls igys og gtjr gkth benknqYyk lkgc dh f[kner esa x,A muls Økafrdkjh dh nh{kk yh fQj gt djds [kSfj;r ls Lons'k ykSV vk,A

Hkkjr esa Økafrdkjh;ksa ls laca/k Hkkjr esa Økafrdkjh;ksa ls laca/k Hkkjr esa Økafrdkjh;ksa ls laca/k Hkkjr esa Økafrdkjh;ksa ls laca/k

gt+jr 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkgc dks fijku dy;j tkus dk cM+k 'kkSd FkkA ogka tkdj vki dkQh dkQh fnuksa rd Bgjk djrs FksA feL=h vgen glu lkgc ,d ?kVuk dk o.kZu bl izdkj djrs gSaA

,d fnu gt+jr 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkgc vkius vius ihj lkgc ds ikl tkus dk bjknk fd;kA muds ihj us nks jksVh ?kj ls ued Mkydj idokdj ns nh vkSj pkSng vkus ds iSls Hkh fn,A vkius

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jksVh ys yh vkSj 14 vkus ds iSls Hkh laHkkys vkSj py fn, dy;j 'kjhQA ml le; pkSng vkus lgkjuiqj ls dy;j dk eksVj ls vkus tkus dk fdjk;k FkkA dy;j 'kjhQ tkdj ogka vki ,d jkr BgjsA vxys fnu vkidh rch;r cM+h cspSu gks xbZA rqjar ihj lkgc ds ikl ykSV pyus dh ckr lksph vkSj py fn, tc lgkjuiqj vk, rks ns[krs D;k gSa fd ihj lkgc dh eR;q gks xbZ gS vkSj tuktk rS;kj gSA lnes dk tks igkM+ vki ij VwVk mldk vankt+k ugha yxk;k tk ldrkA VwVs fny ls vkius ihj dks feêh ds gokys fd;kA

blh laca/k esa ekSykuk gchcqjZgeku jk;iqjh Qjekrs gSa ßtc gt+jr jk;iqjh fijku dy;j esa Fks rks vkidks [okc vk;k fd vki ekSykuk j'khn vgen xaxksgh ls cSr ¼eqjhn½ gks tk, vki cgqr ?kcjk, fd tc ,d ihj thfor gS rks nwljs dks dSls ihj cuk ysa\ blh fpark esa vki fijku du;j ls lgkjuiqj r'kjhQ yk, rks ns[kk fd vkids ihj lkgc dk bardky gks x;k gS vkSj tuktk rS;kj gSA

tc vkids lgjuiqj ds ihj lkgc dk bardky gks x;k rks vc vkius gt+jr ekSykuk j'khn vgen xaxksgh dks viuk ihj cuk;kA gt+jr xaxksgh us vkidks f[k+ykQr Hkh buk;r dhA vc vkidk vkuk tkuk gt+jr ekSykuk j'khn vgen xaxksgh ds njckj esa gks x;kA

gt+jr gkth benknqYyk lkgc ds vjc pys tkus ds i'pkr muds dk;Z dks ekSykuk dkfle ukukSroh ns[k jgs FksA blds i'pkr tc gt+jr ukukSroh dk bardky gks x;k rks gt+jr ekSykuk j'khn vgen xaxksgh bl Økafr ds ftEesnkj cuk, x,A j'khn vgen vc

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iwjs Hkkjr ds eqfLye Økafrdkfj;ksa ds ftEesnkj FksA fons'kksa ls Hkh dqN yksx vkdj vkils feyrs FksA 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkgc Hkh muls feyrs FksA gt+jr xaxksgh dh eR;q ds i'pkr bl Økafr ds drkZ /krkZ 'ks[kqy fgan gt+jr ekSykuk egewn lkgc cusA ftl O;fä dk 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkgc ij xgjk izHkko iM+k og gt+jr 'ks[kqy fgan lkgc Fks rFkk gt+jr 'ks[kqy fgan ftl ij vVwV fo'okl djrs Fks vkSj ftuls fnyh e'kojk djrs Fks og gt+jr ekSykuk 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkgc jk;iqjh FksA bl izdkj gt+jr xaxksgh vkSj 'ks[kqy fgan ds laidZ esa vkus ls eqfLye Økafrdkfj;kas ls iq.kZ :i ls tqM+ x,A

Hkjr eHkjr eHkjr eHkjr esa Økafr dk laxBu sa Økafr dk laxBu sa Økafr dk laxBu sa Økafr dk laxBu

dksbZ Hkh tu Økafr ml le; rd lQyrk vkSj 'kfDr izkIr ugha dj ldrh tc rd mldh tM+ksa dks x+jhc turk ds [kwu ls u lhapk tk,A ,d Økafrdkjh fdrus gh cf<+;k dk;Z djus dk chM+k mBk;s ysfdu mldks turk leFkZu ysuk iMs+xkAbl leFkZu dks izkIr djus ds fy, vkius xjhc turk dks vius lehi ykus dk iz;Ru fd;kA nwljh oLrq tks Økafr dks pykus ds fy, gksrh gS /ku gSA

rhljh ckr fo'okl ik= Økafrdkjh lkFkhA /ku vkSj izpkj dk dke gt+jr us vius gkFk esa fy;k] Økafrdkjh] eqtkfgn vkSj fo'okl ik= lkFkh ryk'k djuk gt+jr 'ks[kqy fgan dks lkSaik ftUgksaus ;g dk;Z nk:y mywe nsocan ds ek/;e ls fd;kA

izpkj dk dk;ZØe izpkj dk dk;ZØe izpkj dk dk;ZØe izpkj dk dk;ZØe

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gt+jr jk;iqjh ds ikl vklikl xkaoksa ds yksxksa ds vkus dk rkark yxk jgrk Fkk vkSj gt+jr Hkh nwj&nwj rd xkaoksa vkSj 'kgjksa esa tk;k djrs FksA tgka Hkh vki tkrs Fks ogha ,d enjlk pkyw dj nsrs FksA ogka ds izHkkoiw.kZ eqlyekuksa dks mldk izca/kd cuk nsrs FksA lHkh xkao ;k eqgYys okys ml enjls dks pykus ds ftEesnkj cu tkrs Fks ftlls og enjlk mudh Økafr dk ,d NksVk lk ;wfuV cu tkrk FkkA bl izdkj /keZ ds uke ds lkFk mudh Økafr dk Hkh izzpkj gksrk FkkA

/ku dk bdÎk djuk /ku dk bdÎk djuk /ku dk bdÎk djuk /ku dk bdÎk djuk

ftruk izHko vkidk fu/kZuksa ij Fkk mruk gh /kuh yksxksa ij Hkh FkkA tehankj]jktk vkSj uokc vkids b'kkjs dks le>rs FksA vki yksxksa ls pank dg dj :i;k ugha ekaxrs Fks cfYd yksxksa ls viuh t:jr dh ckr dg nsrs FksAmldks lqudj gh yksx :i, nsus vkjaHk dj nsrs FksA gt+jr feL=h vgen glu lkgc us cryk;k]

Þtc taxs cydku vkjaHk gks x;k vkSj MkDVj valkjh rFkk nwljs dsanªh; usrkvksa us pans dh ekax dh rks gt+jr jk;iqjh us bZn ds fnu yksxksa ls pans ds fy, dgk rks ,d gh fnu esa 2500 :i, pank gks x;k ml le; pans dh bruh cM+h jde ,d fjdkMZ FkhAÞ

;g rks Fkh pans dh jde dh ckr] tks vki vehjksa ls ysrs FksA nwljh ckr tks vki djrs Fks og ;g Fkh fd tks enjls vki [kksyrs Fks muesa vki ,d Økafrdkjh esEcj Hkstrs Fks tks vkidk fo'oklik= O;fä gksrk FkkA ml v/;kid dk jgus [kkus dk Hkkj ogka ds vehj yksxksa ij gksrk Fkk ogh bldh ru[kk vkfn nsrs FksA tks v/;kid

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ogka enjls esa i<+k;k djrk Fkk ns[kus esa og ,d eqYyk gksrk Fkk ijarq gksrk Fkk ns'k dk ,d Økafrdkjh eqtkfgnA og cPpksa dks i<+kus ds lkFk vaxzstksa ds fo:/n izpkj dk dke Hkh djrk FkkA

;s NksVs cM+s vjch enjls gt+jr jk;iqjh us dydŸks ls ysdj dkcqy rd vkSj enªkl ls ysdj Økaph vkSj fcyksfpLrku rd QSyk j[ks FksA ;s lc Økafr ds vÏs FksA tcfd vaxzst+ budks eqYykvksa ds edrc gh le>rk jgk FkkA bu lc enjlksa dk cM+k enjlk nk:y mywe nsocan Fkk tks varjkZ"Vªh; Økafr dk vM~Mk FkkA

Økafr ds "kM~;a= ds fy, xqIr :i ls bUgsa /ku dh dkQh vko';drk gksrh FkhA xqIr /ku xqIr fof/k ls izkIr gksrk gSA gt+jr ds ikl Hkh xqIr :i ls /ku vkrk Fkk ftl dk fglkc&fdrkc ugha j[kk tkrk FkkA gt+jr dks bu enjlksa ds dkj.k

bruh lQyrk feyh fd dksbZ O;fDr ;fn fnYyh esa cSB dj bu enjlksa dh Mksj dks fgykos rks iwjs Hkkjr dk tky fgy tk, rFkk bl tky eas tks Hkh Qal tk, og fQj fudy u ldsA

Økafr D;k Fkh Økafr D;k Fkh Økafr D;k Fkh Økafr D;k Fkh \\\\

`'kkg oyh mYykg lkgc us 'kkgksa ds f[kykQ iztkrkaf=d :i dk ,d fopkj fn;k FkkA 1857 bZ + esa mlds fy, ,d ns'kO;kih Lora=rk laxzke yM+k x;k Fkk] nqHkkZX;o'k vaxzstksa us gekjh vktknh dks Nhu fy;k FkkA blh [kksbZ gqbZ vktknh dks izkIr djus vkSj vaxzst+ksa dks ns'k ls ckgj fudkyus dh l'kL= ;kstuk Økafr Hkjk dk;Z Fkk] ftldh Hkqtk,a vklke ls ysdj vQxkfuLrku vkSj usiky ls ysdj rqdhZ rd QSyh gqbZ FkhA

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Økafr dh :ijs[k D;k Fkh Økafr dh :ijs[k D;k Fkh Økafr dh :ijs[k D;k Fkh Økafr dh :ijs[k D;k Fkh \\\\

bl ;kstuk ds Økafrdkjh 'kfDr esa fo'okl j[krs Fks] blfy, l'kL= vkanksyu budk eq[; mÌs'; FkkA vaxzsth lSuk ls ;q) djds muls viuh [kksbZ gqbZ vkt+knh izkIr djuk FkkA QkSt dSls dSls rS;kj dh tk, \ Hkkjr esa rks vaxzst jkT; gS djsa rks D;k djsaA bl ckr ls cpus ds fy, bu yksxksa us ;g ;kstuk cukbZ fd Hkkjr ls ckgj eqfLye gqdwerksa rFkk vaxzst+ksa ds f[kykQ tks nwljh ljdkjsa gSa muls QkSth lgk;rk ysdj vQxkfuLrku ds ekxZ ls Hkkjr ij vkØe.k fd;k tk,A tc Hkkjr ij vaxzstksa ds f[kykQ fe= ns'kksa dh lSuk,sa vkØe.k djsa rks ns'k dh turk mu QkStksa dk Lokxr djsxh vkSj vaxzstksa ds f[kykQ cxkor dj nsxhA bl izdkj vaxzstksa dks 'kfDr ghu cukdj 'kfDr }kjk ns'k ls ckgj fudky nsxhA blh Økafr ds fy, ;s Økafrdkjh rS;kfj;ka dj jgs FksA

Økafr dk vkjEHk Økafr dk vkjEHk Økafr dk vkjEHk Økafr dk vkjEHk

nk:y mywe nsocUn tks yxHkx vkjEHk ls gh Økafrdkjh rS;kj djus dk etcwr dkj[kkuk Fkk vkSj gt+jr jk;iqjh ds le; rd vius ipkl o"kZ iwjs dj pqdk FkkA bl eqír esa gt+jr ekSykuk egewn glu lkgc vkSj nwljs v/;kidksa us gtkjksa dkafrdkjh rS;kj dj ds lhek izkar vQxkfuLrku] dkcqy vkSj vjc ns'kksa dks Hkst fn, Fks tks viuk dk;Z dj jgs FksA b/kj gt+jr ekSykuk 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkgc us dydRrk(fnYyh( cEcbZ] djkph( ykgkSj( mRrj izns'k vkSj iatkc rFkk lhekorhZ izkarksa esa enjlksa ds :i esa Økafr ds vMMs [kksy fn, Fks ftlls iwjk "kjr daVªksy esa gks x;k Fkk lhekorhZ izkar ls gt+jr 'ks[kqy fgan ekSykuk egewn glu ds ikl lwpuk,a vk

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jgh Fkh fd Økafr dks vkjEHk fd;k tk,A gt+jr bl dk;Z ds fy, dksbZ volj ryk'k dj jgs Fks tks muds fy, ykHkdkjh gksA vpkud izFke egk;q) ds ?kksj ckny lalkj ij eaMjkus yxsA cl blh le; bu gt+jkr us viuk Økafr dk dk;Z vkjEHk dj fn;kA

izFke egk;q+) vkSj eqfLye Økafrdkjh izFke egk;q+) vkSj eqfLye Økafrdkjh izFke egk;q+) vkSj eqfLye Økafrdkjh izFke egk;q+) vkSj eqfLye Økafrdkjh

teZuh us vaxzstksa ds fo:) ekspkZ [kksy fn;kA rqdhZ tks vaxzst+ksa ds f[kykQ Fkh og Hkh teZuh ds lkFk ;q) esa dwn iMhA rqdhZ tks ml le; iwjs lalkj ds eqlyekuksa dk [kyhQk Fkk mlds ;q) dh ?kks"k.kk djrs gh reke nqfu;k ds eqlyeku fgy x;s rFkk rqdhZ dh gennhZ esa mB [kM+s gq,A Hkkjr esa ekSykuk eqgEen vyh] 'kkSdr vyh us f[kykQr ds leFkZu esa desfV;ka vaxzstksa ds f[kykQ cukbZ vkSj xkao xkao vkSj 'kgjksa esa ?kwe dj tks'k Hkjs rjkus xk;s] mudh xwat vkt Hkh vkdk'k eaMy esa ?kwe jgh gSA

ml le; dk o.kZu djrs gq, feL=h vgen glu lkgc Qjekrs gSa]

nqfu;k dh bl mFky iqFky ds le; bu vktknh ds ijokuksa us le; dh ut+kdr dks igpkuk vkSj ml le; dks mfpr le> dj viuh varjkZ"Vªh; ;kstuk dks veyh tkek igukus dk e'ojk fd;kA dqN lkfFk;ksa dk fopkj Fkk fd gt+jr 'ks[kqy fgan dks lhek izkar ls gksrs gq, vQxkfuLrku dkcqy Hkstk tk, A gt+jr 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkgc bl ckr ls lger ugha FksA vkidk fopkj Fkk fd ekSykuk egewn dh mez vkSj detksj 'kjhj dk rdktk ugha djrs fd [kwfQ;k rjhds ij ÅcM+ [kkcM+ igkfM+;ksa vkSj taxyksa dh laf[r;ka cnkZ'r djssA

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vki us lq>ko fn;k ^^dkcqy esa fdlh ukStoku dks Hkstk tk, vkSj gt+jr dks vkjke ls vjc tkdj rqdhZ vkSj teZu oxSjk ds yhMjksa ls enn ysdj rqdhZ ds [kyhQk ls QkSth enn ds lgkjs dkcqy igqapk tk,A bl lq>ko dks lHkh us ilan fd;kA dkcqy esa ekSykuk mcSnqYyk fla/kh dks Hkstk x;kA bl lq>ko dks nqljs lHkh lkfFk;ksa us Bhd ekukA

ekSykuk gchcqjZgeku jk;iqjh ds dFkukukuqlkj]**tgka rd esjh tkudkjh gS vkSj eSaus cM+ks ls lquk gS fd igys ekSykuk vcqy dyke vktkn bl ;kstuk ls bfRrQkd ugha djrs Fks mudk dguk Fkk fd eqYd gh es jgdj vktknh ds fy, dke fd;k tk, ckgj jgus ls dksbZ Qk;nk ugha gS ysfdu ckn esa mudks Hkh bl ;kstuk dks ilan djuk iMkA**

gt+jr feL=h vkSj ekSykuk gchcqjZgeku jk;iqjh us eq>s cryk;k]

**tc ekSykuk mcSnqYykg dks dkcqy Hktus dh ckr vkbZ rks :I;s dh vko';drk iM+hA gt+jr ekSykuk 'kkg vcnqjZghe lkgc jk;iqjh us dLck csgV ds jbZl 'kkg tkfgn glu lkgc ls vkSj jk;iqj ds cM+s tehankj pkS/kjh eqgEen flíhd lkgc ls dqN :I;s ud+n ysdj gt+jr ekSykuk mcSnqYykg fla/kh dks fHktok;kA**

gt+jr 'ks[kqy fgan dk vjc tkus lsgt+jr 'ks[kqy fgan dk vjc tkus lsgt+jr 'ks[kqy fgan dk vjc tkus lsgt+jr 'ks[kqy fgan dk vjc tkus ls igys gt+jr jk;iqjh ls feyuk igys gt+jr jk;iqjh ls feyuk igys gt+jr jk;iqjh ls feyuk igys gt+jr jk;iqjh ls feyuk

gt+jr ekSykuk mcSnqYykg dks dkcqy ds fy, Hkst dj gt+jr 'ks[kqy fgan ekSykuk egewn glu lkgc us vjc tkus fd iq.kZ rS;kjh dj yh Fkh feL=h vgen glu lkgc dk dFku gSA

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**vjc tkus ls igys gt+jr ekSykuk egewn glu lkgc jk;iqj r'kjhQ yk,A nks fnu gt+jr ds ikl BgjsA tc ogk ls :[klr gksus yxs vkSj ukys dks ikj dj jgs Fks rks ogka ls rhu pqYyw ikuh fi;k vkSj fQj ;g nqvk ekaxh]**, [kqnk&oUns djhe vius eqYd dk ;g 'khjh ikuh gesa fQj ulhc djuk** bl ij lcus dgk ^vkehu*A

vkxs gt+jr feL=h lkgc dgrs gSa&

og oDr Hkh ns[kus dkfcy Fkk fganqLrku dh nks gfLr;ka tqnk gksdj Hkh ,d nqljs ls et+cwrh ls tqM+ jgh FkhA gt+jr 'ks[kqy fgan dks rks fganqLrku dk 'khjh ikuh nksckjk ulhc gks x;k ysssfdu gt+jr jk;iqjh ls feyuk ulhc uk gks ldk ftldh mudks cM+h gljr jghA

gt+jr ekSykuk gqlSu vgen enuh dh gt+jr jk;iqjh ls eqykdkr gt+jr ekSykuk gqlSu vgen enuh dh gt+jr jk;iqjh ls eqykdkr gt+jr ekSykuk gqlSu vgen enuh dh gt+jr jk;iqjh ls eqykdkr gt+jr ekSykuk gqlSu vgen enuh dh gt+jr jk;iqjh ls eqykdkr

gt+jr ekSykuk gqlSu vgen enuh oSls rks vius firk ds lkFk ns'k R;kx dj vjc pys x;s Fks ysfdu ogka ls tc Hkh vkrs rks gt+jr jk;iqjh dh f[kner essa vo'; mifLFkr gksrsA ijarq ;gka mudh ftl ,sfrgkfld feyu dk o.kZu gt+jr enuh us viuh iqLrd ^ud'ks g;kr ftYn nkse i`"B 203* ij bl izdkj fd;k gSA

**1912 bZ- ¼1330 fg-½ esa eq>s gLcoknk pan efgauks ds fy, fganqLrku gkftj gksuk iM+k rks jk;iqj gkftj gksus dh ukScr vkbZ gt+jr ekSykuk 'kkg vcnqjZghe lkgc us eq>ls Qjek;k gt+jr 'ks[kqy fgan yksxks ls cSrs ftgkn ysrs gSa ;g rks cgqr [krjukd vej ¼dk;Z½ gSA vaxzstks dks irk py x;k rks nk:y mywe dh bZaV ls bZaV ctk nsaxs

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vkSj eqlyekuks dk ;g ejdts bYeh vkSj nhuh mtkM+ fn;k tk,xkA**

pwafd eq>dks bldh dksbZ [kcj ugha Fkh eSaus ykbYeh dk bt+gkj fd;k vkSj ;g vtZ fd;k fd eSa [kqn 'ks[kqy fgan ls iwNwaxkA eSaus jk;iqj ls okilh ij eSykuk vCnqjZghe lkgc dk edwyk ¼okD;½ ftØ fd;k rks gt+jr 'ks[kqy fgan uas Qjek;kA

**gt+jr ekSykuk eqgEen dkfle ukukSroh ejgwe us nqvk QjekbZ Fkh fd ipkl cjl rd ;g nk:y mywe dk;e jgsA lks cgEnqfyYykg ipkl cjl xqtj pqds gSa vkSj nk:y mywe cgqLuks [kwch vatke ns pqdk gSA

vkxs gt+jr enuh Qjekrs gSa eSa bl tokc dks lqu dj ne c[kqn gks x;k vkSj le> x;k fd tks okfd;kr udy fd, tk jgs gSa os lgh gSaA** bl ?kVuk ls ;gka ikBdks ds eu esa 'kadk mB ldrh gS tks esjs eu esa Hkh mBh Fkh og ;g fd bl ?kVuk ls igys gt+jr jk;iqjh dks Hkh Økafr dh ;kstuk dk irk ugha FkkA vkSj ;fn Fkk rks vkius gt+jr ekSykuk gqlSu vgen enuh ls ,sls vutku iu dk iz'u D;ksa fd;k\

gt+jr ekSykuk gchcqjZgeku jk;iqjh us esjh bl 'kadk dk fuokj.k bl izdkj fd;k( **gt+jr jk;iqjh dks iwjh Økafr dk irk FkkA vki gt+jr 'ks[kqy fgan dh Ldheksa dks tkurs FksA gt+jr jk;iqjh ;k dksbZ Hkh Økafrdkjh viuh xqIr Ldhe dks fdlh Hkh u, O;fDr ds lkeus ugha j[krk Fkk tc rd nwljk O;fDr bl ckr dk bPNqd vkSj eqryk'kh u gksA gt+jr jk;iqjh us gt+jr enuh ls vutkusiu

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dk loky djds ;g tkuus dk iz;Ru fd;k fd ns[ksa gt+jr enuh Hkh bl ;kstuk ds tkudkj gSa ;k ugha\ gt+jr enuh dks bl iz'u ls ,d bPNk tkxh ftlls mUgksaus gt+jr 'ks[kqy fgan ls tkudkjh dh fd ftlls mudks ;g ykHk gqvk fd ;g Hkh bl rgjhd ds fgek;rh gks x,A ;fn gt+jr jk;iqjh ,slk iz'u u djrs rks u tkus vki fdrus fnuksa bl rgjhd ls nwj jgrsA

gt+jr 'ks[kqy fgan }kjk gt+jr jk;iqjh dks viuk tkau'khu cukuk gt+jr 'ks[kqy fgan }kjk gt+jr jk;iqjh dks viuk tkau'khu cukuk gt+jr 'ks[kqy fgan }kjk gt+jr jk;iqjh dks viuk tkau'khu cukuk gt+jr 'ks[kqy fgan }kjk gt+jr jk;iqjh dks viuk tkau'khu cukuk

gt+jr feL=h vgen glu vkSj gt+jr ekSykuk gchcqjZgeku jk;iqjh us cryk;k **tc gt+jr 'ks[kqy fgan vjc tkus yxs rks vius reke fnYyh] dydÙkk] cacbZ] ykgkSj vkfn lHkh eqjhnksa dks ;g Qjek x, Fks fd esjs ckn esjk dk;e eqdke gt+jr ekSykuk 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkgc jk;iqjh dks le>ukA**

gt+jr ekSykuk gqlSu vgen enuh lkgc us viuh iqLrd *ud'ks g;kr* ftYn nkse ds i`"B 204 ij fy[kk gSA

**tcfd ,sykus tax ds ckn gt+jr 'ks[kqy fgan fgtkt+¼vjc½ tkus yxs rks bUgha dks ¼jk;iqjh½ viuk dk;e eqdke cuk x, vkSj vius dkjdquksa dks rkdhn dj nh fd ekSykuk 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkgc dks esjs dk;e eqdke le>uk vkSj eksgrfee fc''kku ¼cMs+ dk;ksZa½ meqj dks muls e'ojk ysssdj vkSj iwN dj vatke nsukA gt+jr jk;iqjh ejgwe fugk;r fny 'kksth vkSj bLrdyky vkyh fgEer ls jktnkjh ds lkFk mewj eqfgek dks vatke nsrs jgsA buds [kqíke fnypLih ysrs jgs exj vQlksl ge ekyVk esa dSn gks x;s vkSj vki ejtqy ekSr esaA**

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gt+jr jk;iqjh dh Hkkjr esa ftEesnkfj;ka gt+jr jk;iqjh dh Hkkjr esa ftEesnkfj;ka gt+jr jk;iqjh dh Hkkjr esa ftEesnkfj;ka gt+jr jk;iqjh dh Hkkjr esa ftEesnkfj;ka

tc gt+jr 'ks[kqy fgan vjc pys x, rks iwjs Hkkjr dh Økafr dh ftEeskjh gt+jr jk;iqjh ds daèkksa ij vku iM+h FkhA gt+jr ekSykuk gqlSu vgen enuh viuh iqLrd ud'ks g;kr ftYn nks esa i`"B 208 ij Økafr ds ejdtsa ds ukeksa esa nsocUn nhuiqj 'kjhQ] vekjksV 'kjhQ] djkaph [kaM] fnYyh vkSj pdoky crk;k gSA

pwafd ejdt jk;iqj vkSj nsocUn lgkjuiqj esa ,d gh ekuk tkrk Fkk blfy, vyx uke ugha fy;kA bu dsanksa }kjk gt+jr jk;iqjh tks dke dj jgs Fks os eksVs :i esa fuEu izdkj FksA

1- nk:y mywe nsocUn dh iwjh ftEesnkjh laHkkyukA

2- turk esa vaxzstksa ds f[k+ykQ cxkor dk izpkj djukA

3- Hkkjrh; Økafrdkfj;ksa dk ekxZn'kZu djukA

4- yksxksa ls pank ysdj lhek izkar esa Økafrdkfj;ksa ds ikl HkstukA

5- Økafrdkfj;ksa ds ifjokjksa dh [kcjxhjh djukA

mi;ZqDr dk;ksZa dks vkius ftl lkoèkkuh vkSj yxu ls iwjk fd;k] bl ckr dk irk blls pyrk gS fd vki iatkc ds ,d xkao [kkuiqj esa x, ogka izkr% dky dh uekt i<+dj efLtn ds ckgj xsV dks can dj fn;k vkSj yksxksa ls dgk izR;sd O;fDr dks vkt pUns esa dksbZ u dksbZ tkuoj nsuk gksxkA ftrus uekt+h Fks mUgksaus viuh 'kfDr ds eqrkfcd ,d ,d tkuoj vkidks fn;kA bu lc tkuojksa dk ewY; ml le; l=g gtkj Fkk ,d gh xkao ls

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bdV~Bk gqvk pUnk tks lc vkius dqN Økafrdkfj;ksa dks Hkst fn;k dqN muds ifjokjksa esa ckaV fn;kA

1975 bZ0 es teh;rqy myek fgan us Hkh js'keh [krwr lkft'k dsl ds uke ls ,d iqLrd izdkf'kr dh tks vaxzst ljdkj }kjk pyk, x, eqdneksa dh QkbZysa gSa tks bafM;k gkml yanu ls eaxkdj mldk mwnZ vuqokn gSA iqLrd ds var esa dkSu D;k gS uk ls ,d ifjf'k"V gS mlds i`"B 188 ij fjiksVZ gS] fy[kk gS

^^gt+jr ekSykuk ds uke [k+r esa bldk rt+djk gS ;g xkfycu jk;iqj ftyk lgkjuiqj ;w-ih- ds ekSyoh vCnqjZgehn gSA tks ekSykuk jk;iqjh ds uke ls e'kgwj gSA ;g ekSykuk egewn dh ftgkn dh Ldheksa esa 'kjhd FksA ;g nsocUn ds enjls dh desVh esa Hkh 'kkfey FksA ,slk ekywe gksrk gS fd ekSykuk egewn dh vuqifLFkfr esa bls uk;c uqekbZUns ds rkSj ij :i;k tek djus vkSj mls genqYyk dks igqapkuk FkkA**

ekSykuk genqYyk dkSu Fks ekSykuk genqYyk dkSu Fks ekSykuk genqYyk dkSu Fks ekSykuk genqYyk dkSu Fks \\\\

vki ikuhir ds jgus okys Fksa vkids firk dk uke fljktqíhu FkkA vki gt+jr 'ks[kqy fgan dh Mkd ns[krs vkSj i= O;ogkj djrs FksA tc gt+jr 'ks[kqy fgan vjc pys x, rks vkidks dgk x;k fd Økafr dk iwjk fjdkMZ ysdj ikuhir pys tkvksA vkius ,slk gh fd;kA gt+jr jk;iqjh tks Hkh :i;k pans esa tek djrs buds }kjk lhek izakr dks Hkst nsrs ;k Økafrdkfj;ksa dks othQs ds :i esa Hkst nsrsA lhek izakr esa tks Hkh lans'k ;k [kcj gt+jr jk;iqjh dks Hkstuh gksrhA ;g gt+jr ekSykuk genqYyk ds }kjk Hksth tkrh FkhA

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gt+jr ekSykuk dkjh eqgEen rS;c lkgc dh 'kknh gt+jr ekSykuk dkjh eqgEen rS;c lkgc dh 'kknh gt+jr ekSykuk dkjh eqgEen rS;c lkgc dh 'kknh gt+jr ekSykuk dkjh eqgEen rS;c lkgc dh 'kknh

gt+jr ekSykuk dkjh eqgEen rS;c lkgc eksgrfee nk:y mywe nsocan bl uke ls jkstukek ubZ nqfu;k enuh uacj esa ,d etewu Nik gS ftleas fy[kk gS &

^^gt+jr 'ks[kqy fgan dk bljkj Fkk fd rS;c dk fj'rk jkeiqj efugkjku ds [kkunku esa ekSyoh egewn lkgc dh yM+dh ls fd;k tk,A tc okfyn lkgc] ekSykuk gchcqjZgeku lkgc vkSj nqljs gtjkr dh jk; us bldks eku fy;k rks gt+jr gh us cM+h meax]tks'k vkSj eqljZr ls Qjek;k fd HkkbZ ;g fj'rk eSa ys dj tkmaxkA pqukaps fj'rs dk iSxke [kqn gt+jr 'ks[kqy fgan ysdj x, vkSj ogka Qjek;k fd HkkbZ bl oDr gt+jr ukukSroh ds ?kjkus ds ,d Mwe vkSj gTtke dh gSfl;r ls fj'rs dk I;keh cu dj vk;k gaw vkSj fj'rk gks x;k A

nq[k vkSj vQlksl ds lkFk vkxs fy[kk gS&

**vQlksl ;g gS fd tc fudkg dk le; vk;k rks gt+jr 'ks[kqyfgan ekyVk ds vlhj gks pqds FksA jkeiqj esa cflyflyk ckjkr lkjs vdkfcj tSls gt+jr

ekSykuk v'kjQ vyh Fkkuoh] gt+jr ekSykuk 'kkg vCnqjZghe jk;iqjh vkSj nsocUn lgkjuiqj ds lHkh vdkfcj vkSj elkb[k tek FksA exj gt+jr 'ks[kqy fgan u FksA**

dkjh rS;c lkgc dh 'kknh dk varjax o.kZu feL=h vgen glu lkgc us eq>s cryk;kA

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tc gt+jr ekSykuk dkjh rS;c lkgc dh 'kknh dh rkjh[k r; gks xbZ gkfQt+ eqgEen vgen ¼dkjh lkgc ds okfyn½ lkgc ds lkFk ianzg vknfe;ksa dk ,d oQn jk;iqj vk;k vkSj gt+jr ls 'kknh esa 'kjhd gksus dh nj[okLr dhA gt+jr jk; iqjh us igys rks badkj dj fn;k ysfdu tc mu yksxksa us dkQh bljkj fd;k rks ckr eku yhA gt+jr ds ikl ml oDr viuh dksbZ lokjh u FkhA gt+jr ekSykuk gkfQt eqgEen vgen lkgc tks dkjh eqgEen rS;c lkgc ds okfyn lkgc vkSj nk#y myqe nsocUn ds eksgrfee o gtjr ekSykuk eqgEen d+kfle lkgc ds lqiq= Fks us gt+jr jk;iqjh ls dg fn;k] gt+jr esss vkids fy, fiul Hkst nwaxkA gt+jr dks ;g ckr dqN ilan ugha vkbZ blfy, mudks mUgksaus lokjh Hkstus ls badkj dj fn;kA

'kknh ds fy, dkj [kjhnuk 'kknh ds fy, dkj [kjhnuk 'kknh ds fy, dkj [kjhnuk 'kknh ds fy, dkj [kjhnuk

tc gt+jr ekSykuk jk;iqjh ds lkFk gkfQt eqgEen vgen lkgc dh ckrphr py jgh Fkh rks ikl gh esa pkS/kjh eqgEen flfÌdh lkgc ds okfyn lkgc pkS/kjh othj eqgEen Hkh cSBs FksA pkS/kjh ot+hj eqgEen lkkgc gt+jr jk;iqjh ls cgqr yxko j[krs FksA pkS/kjh lkgc vius esa jk;iqj ds cgqr cM+s tehankj vkSj jbZl FksA vkidks gt+jr jk;iqjh ls bruk yxko Fkk fd muls feys cxSj pSu ugha vkrk FkkA pkS/kjh lkgc ekSykuk ls cgqr ?kcjkrs Hkh Fks ftlls vnc ds ekjs muds lkeus cksyrs rd ugha FksA pkS/kjh lkgc us eq>s ¼feL=h vgen glu lkgc½ vius ikl

cqyk;k vkSj /khjs ls dgk vxj gt+jr d+cwy Qjek,a rks eSa buds fy, dkj [kjhn nw¡A mudh ckr lqudj eSa gt+jr ds ikl x;k vkSj

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vtZ fd;k gt+jr pkS/kjh othj eqgEen lkgc dh [okfg'k gS fd 'kknh ds fy, ,d dkj [kjhn yh tk,A gt++jr us dqN nsj lksp dj Qjek;kA

vPNk vxj ,slh [okfg'k gS rks [kjhn yksA vPNk vxj ,slh [okfg'k gS rks [kjhn yksA vPNk vxj ,slh [okfg'k gS rks [kjhn yksA vPNk vxj ,slh [okfg'k gS rks [kjhn yksA

tc gt+jr us eku fy;k rks pkS/kjh othj eqgEen eq>s vius lkFk ?kj ys x, ml le; pkanh ds #i, gksrs Fks blfy, pkj gtkj #i;ksa dks nks dÍksa esa Hkj fy;k x;kA pkS/kjh lkgc ds nks uksdj Fks dkfey [kka vkSj gqlSu vyhA ,d&,d dÍk muds da/kksa ij j[kdj esjs lkFk dj fn;k ge #i;ksa dks ysdj [kkudkg vk x,A

,d v[kckj esa bf'rgkj Fkk fd dfe'uj esjB dh dkj fcdkm gSA eq>s gt+jr us #i;s ysdj esjB HkstkA ogka ekSykuk vkf'kd bykgh ls feykA mUgksaus eq>s 'kgj ds ps;jeSu tukc othgqÌhu lkgc ls feyk;k muds tfj, ls dkj dk lkSnk lk<+s pkj gtkj #i;s esa gks x;kA 500 #i, ps;jeSu lkgc us vius ikl ls fn, tks geus ckn esa jk;iqj ls muds ikl HkstsA gt+jr jk;iqjh blh dkj ls 'kknh esa x,A bl dkj dks eSa Lo;a pyk;k djrk FkkA

'kknh esa 'kjhd gks uk 'kknh esa 'kjhd gks uk 'kknh esa 'kjhd gks uk 'kknh esa 'kjhd gks uk

ge yksx jk;iqj ls jkeiqj ckjkr esa x,A gt+jr dks ml edku esa Bgjk;k x;k ftles gt+jr xaxksgh Bgjk djrs FksA eSa Hkh gt+jr ds lkFk gh BgjkA ftys ds lHkh cMs+&cMs+ myek ogka ekStwn FksA gt+jr jk;iqjh vius lkFkh jQhd+ gt+jr ekSykuk egeqn glu dks ckj&ckj ;kn Qjekrs Fks lqcg ds le; gt+jr dkjh eqgEen rS;c lkgc vkSj muds okfyn lkgc gt+jr jk;iqjh ds ikl lyke djus

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vk,A gt+jr ekSykuk 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkgc us gt+jr dkjh rS;c dks ikap #i;s utj fd,A dkjh rS;c lkgc us ysus ls badkj fd;kA bl ij muds okfyn lkgc gkfQt+ eqgEen vgen lkgc us Qjek;kA

**vjs badkj er dj] ys ys dHkh Hkh gkFk [kkyh ugha jgsxkA^^

gt+jr 'kgt+jr 'kgt+jr 'kgt+jr 'ks[kqy fgan ds edku ij Bgjuk s[kqy fgan ds edku ij Bgjuk s[kqy fgan ds edku ij Bgjuk s[kqy fgan ds edku ij Bgjuk

jkeiqj ls ckjkr ds fonk gksus ds i'pkr ge yksx nsocUn vk,A gtjr jk;iqjh us Qjek;k lcls igys gedks lh/kk gt+jr 'ks[kqy fgan ekSykuk egeqn glu ds edku ij pyuk gSA ge lh/ks gt+jr 'ks[kqy fgan ds edku ij pys x, ckdh lc yksx vius&vius edkuksa dks pys x,A tc gt+jr jk;iqjh gt+jr 'ks[kqy fgan ds edku ij igqaps rks muds NksVs HkkbZ ekSykuk gdhe eqgEen glu lkgc FksA ;g gt+jr dks ns[k dj jks iM+sA gt+jr us mudh fgEer ca/kkbZ vkSj gkSlyk c<+k;k vkSj Qjek;k gt+jr 'ks[kqy fgan bTtr ds lkFk okil r'kjhQ yk,axsA^^ tc nwljs yksxksa dks irk pyk fd vki ;gka Bgjs gSa rks fQØean gq, D;ksafd og le; ,slk Fkk fd tc gt+jr 'ks[kqy fgan ds edku dh vksj tkuk Hkh tqeZ le>k tkrk FkkA tks Hkh dksbZ O;fDr m/kj muds ?kj tkrk rks vaxzst vkSj ljdkj mldks 'kadk dh nf"V ls ns[krh FkhA gt+jr us vius ,d yky :eky esa chl :i, cka/k dj gt+jr 'ks[kqy fgan dh vgfy;k ¼iyh½ eksgrjek dks fn,A mUgksaus Hkh vkils f'kdk;r dh fd vkids flok enjls okyksa us gekjk [;ky j[kuk NksM+ fn;kA vkius mudks Hkh fnyklk fn;k vkSj fgEer ls dke ysus dks dgkA

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bl izdkj ,d Økafrdkjh vius Økafrdkjh lkFkh ds lkFk ;gka vkB fnu Bgjs vkSj mudh fgEer ca/kkbZA

nk#y mywe dk Bgjuk nk#y mywe dk Bgjuk nk#y mywe dk Bgjuk nk#y mywe dk Bgjuk

gt+jr jk;iqjh dks gt+jr 'ks[kqy fgan ds edku ij Bgjs gq, tc vkB jkst+ xqt+j x, rks nk#y mywe okyksa dh fpark cgqr c<+ xgZA D;ksafd gt+jr 'ks[kqy fgan ds edku ij tks Hkh tkrk rks vaxzst ljdkj dh CySd fyLV esa mldk uke fy[k fy;k tkrk FkkA vc ogka tk, rks dkSu tk,\ ejnls okyksa us bl leL;k dks gy djus ds fy, ,d rjdhc fudkyhA mUgksaus rdjhcu ianzg vknfe;ksa dh ,d tekvr cukbZ ftlds lnj ekSykuk gchcqjZgeku cuk, x,A lc yksx tekr ds lkFk gt+jr jk;iqjh dks ysus ds fy, gt+jr 'ks[kqy fgUn lkgc ds edku ij igqapsA gt+jr ls nk:y mywe esa pyus ds fy, vtZ fd;k gt+jr jk;iqjh us Qjek;kA

^^ukpht+ ds ikl fljQ+ bfÙkyk Hkst nsrs] eSa [kqn gh gqDe dh rkehy ds fy, gkft+j gks tkrk** lHkh gt+jkr us fouezrk iwoZd dgkA

^^Hkyk vki dgka] ge dgka ge rks vkidh twfr;ksa dh [kkd Hkh ughaA bl iwjh tekr ds lkFk gt+jr jk;iqjh nk:y mywe esa r'kjhQ ys x, tgka vkidks ckcs vtgj ds Åij ds dejs esa Bgjk;k x;kA vkids lkFk esaMw ds vehj [kka lkgc Hkh Bgjk, x,A eSa Hkh muls feyk [kka lkgc oks 'k[l Fks tks 1857 bZ0 esa gt+jr gkth benknqYyk vkSj mudh ikVhZ ds lkFk jgsA ml le; dh iwjh ?kVuk,a mudks Bhd Bhd ;kn FkhaA muls iwN iwN dj mudh ;kn~nk'r ds eqrkfcd yksxksa us cM+h fdrkcsa fy[kh gSaA

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gt+jr jk;iqjh Hkh ogka nk:y mywe esa rdjhcu ,d lIrkg Bgjs Fks bl iwjs g¶rs nk:y mywe esa tks pgy&igy jgh mldk c;ku djuk cgqr dfBu gSA reke fnu myekvksa dk te?kV jgrk FkkA iwjs fganwqLrku ds myek ml le; nsocUn esa tek FksA gt+jr ds lkFk ekSykuk uwj eqgEen lkgc Hkh Fks tks gt+jr ds rkyheh vkSj enjlksa ds izksxzke dks pykus esa ennxkj jgrs FksA vkt Hkh dqjku 'kjhQ i<+us okys cPpksa dks lcls igys uwjkuh dk;nk i<+k;k tkrk gSA bl dk;ns dk uke gt+jr ekSykuk uwj eqgEen ds uke ij gh gSA

enjlk et+kfgj enjlk et+kfgj enjlk et+kfgj enjlk et+kfgj mywe dk >xM+k mywe dk >xM+k mywe dk >xM+k mywe dk >xM+k

nk:y mywe nsocUn dh Hkkafr etkfgj mywe Hkh lgkjuijq esa ,d vjch enjlk gSA bl enjls dks Hkh ukukSrk ds ,d ekSykuk gt+jr et+kfgj glu lkgc us LFkkfir fd;k FkkA mUgha ds uke ij bl enjls dk uke gSA

ftu fnuksa gt+jr jk;iqjh nk:y mywe nsocUn esa Bgjs gq, Fks ;gka etkfgj mywe esa ,d fdLlk gks x;k] fdLlk ;g Fkk fd lgkjuiqj tek efLtn vkSj etkfgj mywe ds eqroYyh ,d cMs+ ekynkj vkSj O;kikjh O;fDr tukc gkth vgen tku FksA fdLer dh de ulhch ls mudk fnokyk fudy x;kA :i, dh deh iM+ xbZ enjls okyksa us viuk :i;k ekaxk rks muds ikl Fkk ugha blfy, og ns u ik,A bl ckr dks ns[k dj etkfgj okyksa us gkth vgen tku ds okjaV fxj¶rkjh tkjh djk fn,A mu cspkjksa dks cM+h eqlhcr vkbZA og Nqirs&Nqirs fQjus yxsA ;g dsl gt+jr jk;iqjh ds lekus vk;kA gt+jr lgkjuijq esa csgV okyksa dh dksBh esa Bgjs gq, FksA

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etkfgj mywe ds ftEesnkj gt+jkr esa ekSykuk [kyhy vgen lkgc Hkh 'kkfey Fks og lHkh yksx gt+jr jk;iqjh ds ikl vk, vkSj QSlyk djkus dh ckr dghA gt+jr us igys mudks MkaVk vkSj dgk]

^^tc vki yksxksa us igys gh muds okjaV dVok fn, gSa vc dsl vnkyr esa pyk x;k gS eSa vc D;k dj ldrk gw¡ vkSj D;k QSlyk nw¡A lc yksxksa us cM+h ftn dh tks gt+jr us oknk Qjek;k vkSj ,d vkneh dks gkth lkgc ds ikl Hkstk gt+jr feL=h th dgrs gSa ^^gkth vgen tku viuh fxj¶rkjh ds Mj ls gt+jr ds ikl jkr ds 12 cts vk;k vkSj iSjksa esa iM+dj jksus yxkA gt+jr us mldks fnyklk fn;k vkSj dgk ?kcjkvks ugha**

lqcg dks tc nksuksa Qjhd vkeus lkeus vk, rks gkth vgen tku us gt+jr jk;iqjh ls dgk gt+jr esjs ikl esjs jgus dk edku gS vki mldks uhyke dj nhft, gt+jr us Qjek;k vxj vkidk edku uhyke djk fn;k rks vki vkSj vkids cky cPps dgka tk;saxs\ blds ckn enjls okyksa dks lacksfèkr djrs gq, cksysA

^^vki yksx Hkh fdruh csle>h dh ckr djrs gSa vxj gkth lkgc ds ikl :i, gksrs rks vkidks fcu ekaxs gh ns nsrsA vc D;k okjaV ls bldk [kwu pwlksaxsA tc vki yksx gh ,slh fxjh gqbZ ckrsa djrs gSa rks nqfu;k dk D;k gky gksxk\

bl ckr dks lqudj lc yksx cM+s ukfne gq, vkSj dpgjh tkdj mudk okjaV okil ys fy;kA

lj lS;n dk lgkjuiqj vkuk lj lS;n dk lgkjuiqj vkuk lj lS;n dk lgkjuiqj vkuk lj lS;n dk lgkjuiqj vkuk

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gt+jr feL=h vgen glu lkgc us ,d cM+h efeZd ?kVuk eq>s crykbZ og ;g fd ,d ckj lj lS;n vgen [kka lgkjuiqj esa r'kjhQ yk,A tc yksxksa dks bl ckr dk irk pyk rks mUgksaus lgkjuiqj dh reke efLtnksa ds njokts can dj fn,A mudks fdlh Hkh efLtn esa ugha ?kqlus fn;kA tc gt+jr jk;iqjh dks irk pyk rks mUgksaus Qjek;kA ^^;g dksbZ vPNh ckr ughaA lj lS;n lkgc gekjs cqtqxksaZ ds lkFkh gSa ;g Hkh eqlyekuksa dh HkykbZ dk dke dj jgs gSa ftldk vanktk dqN fnuksa ds ckn gksxkA

gt+jr dh esgeku uokth gt+jr dh esgeku uokth gt+jr dh esgeku uokth gt+jr dh esgeku uokth

gt+jr ekSykuk vkf'kd bykgh esjBh viuh iqLrd rtfd jrqy j'khn ftYn nkse ds i"B ua0 156 ij fy[krs gSaA

^^gt+jr ekSykuk jk;iqjh viuh larks"kh ftUnxh esa vius 'ks[k ¼ihj½ ds in fpUgksa ij pyus okys gSaA ;|fi frxjh vkSj jk;iqj esa vkidh ekS:lh tk;nkn xqtkjs ds ;ksX; ekStwn gS exj vkids larks"k ds dkj.k nwljksa ds dke vk jgh gSA vfrfFk lRdkj esa eSus vkids eqdkcys dksbZ vkt rd ugha ns[kkA esgeku uokt+h dh gn ughaA nLrj [kku dk QSyko ns[k dj vehj yksx Hkh gSjku jg tkrs gSaA

gt+jr feL=h ven glu lkgc us eq>dks cryk;k] ^^gt+jr ds nLrj[kku ij chl rhl vkSj dHkh dHkh lSdM+ksa vkneh [kkuk [kkrs FksA [kkus vkSj esgeku dks vkjke igqapkus dk bruk cf<+;k bart+ke Fkk fd cM+s cM+s vehj yksx Hkh muds bartke dks ns[k dj nax jg tkrs FksA vkids ikl lekt vkSj ns'k ds Åaps ls Åapk vkSj uhps ls

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uhpk O;fDr vkdj esgeku gksrk FkkA vki eqYd ds ,d ?kkl [kksnus okys vkSj Åaps ls Åaps fpard dks ,d gh LFkku ij cSBk dj [kkuk f[kykrs FksA

xjhcksa ls eqgCcr xjhcksa ls eqgCcr xjhcksa ls eqgCcr xjhcksa ls eqgCcr

g+t+jr jk;iqjh dks tc jk;iqj ds tehankj vkSj vehj yksx xkao dh tkek efLtn esa ys x;s vkSj ogka jgus ds fy, ,d dejk fn;k x;k rks ogka vkidh rch;r ugha yxh bldk dkj.k ;g Fkk fd xkao dh ;k xkaoksa ds vklikl dh xjhc turk dks vkils feyus esa :dkoV Fkh D;ksafd xjhc turk vius vehj tehankjksa ls ?kcjkrh Fkh A tc vkidks bl ckr dk vanktk gks x;k fd xjhc turk ;gka vkus ls ?kcjkrh gS rks vkius ogka ls vyx jg dj thou O;rhr djus dh ckr dks vgfe;r nhA blds i'pkr xkao okyksa us vkids fy, xkao ls ckgj [kkudkg cuk nhA

gt+jr feL=h vgen glu lkgc muds xjhcksa ls izse vkSj eqgCcr dk o.kZu djrs gq, Qjek;k gSA ^^vkids ikl vnuk ls vnuk vkneh vk tkrk rks mldks cM+h eqgCcr vkSj 'kQdr ls fcBkrsA mldks [kkuk f[kykrsA ml ls gkFk feykrs vkSj [kSfj;r iwNrsA xkao ds vehj tehankj bldks ilan u djrs FksA dqN pan vkneh Fks tks gt+jr ds O;ogkj dks Bhd ekurs Fks ckdh dqN vehj yksx rks ogka vkus ls drjkrs Fks vkSj vDlj dgk djrs FksA**

^^gt+jr ge vkids ikl v;k rks djrs ysfdu vkids ;gka rks rsyh tqykgk etkjs] dk'rdkj] dehu yksx Hkh pkjikbZ ij gekjh cjkcj

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esa cSBrs gSa Hkyk mudk vkSj gekjk D;k eqdkcyk\ ge vkSj os etnwj dHkh Hkh cjkcj ugha gks ldrs\

bu ckrksa dks lqudj gt+jr Qjek;k djrs FksA

^^HkkbZ rqe dqN Hkh dgks eq>s bu xjhcksa esa ls balkuksa dh [kq'kcw vkrh gS vkSj yxrk gS fd vkus okyk tekuk bUgha dk gksxk nqfu;k esa bLyke vehjksa ls ugha xjhcksa ds fnyksa ls QSyk gSA**

gt+jr feL=h th us Qjek;k xjhc vkSj vehj ds QdZ dks de djus ds fy, gt+jr mu t+ehnkjksa ds eqdkcys esa eq>ls dke djkrs FksA ikl fcBkrs Fks vkSj vDlj muds eqdkcys esa esjh ckr dks vfèkd ekurs FksA

vkSjrksa dk lq/kkj vkSjrksa dk lq/kkj vkSjrksa dk lq/kkj vkSjrksa dk lq/kkj

eqlyekuksa esa L=h dks iq:"k ds lgkjs thuk iM+rk gSA ftlds dkj.k iq:"k ds vR;kpkj vkSj vU;k; ls L=h tkfr cM+h nq[kh Fkh mu eqlyeku jktiwrks aesa fganqvksa dh Hkkafr ;g fjokt Fkk fd csok dk fudkg nksckjk ugha djrs Fks u vkSjr dks Lo;a vfèkdkj Fkk fd og viuk fudkg dj ldsA yM+dh dks fxjh gqbZ ut+j ls ns[krs FksA ftlds ;gka yM+dh iSnk gks tkrh Fkh mldks vHkkxk ekuk tkrk FkkA gt+jr us L=h tkfr dks lEeku fnykus] mldh gkyr lq/kkjus dh ckr lksph gh ugha cfYd O;ogkfjd :i ls lqèkkj dk chM+k mBk;kA gt+jr ekSykuk vkf'kd bykgh esjBh viuh iqLrd rt+ fdjrqy [kyhy i"B 223 ij rgjhj Qjekrs gSaA

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^^fudkg csokxku ¼fo/kokvksa½ vkidh dkSe esa ,c ¼cqjkbZ½ le>k tkrk Fkk blh dh bLykg esa vkius cgqr dqN rdyhQsa lgh vkSj elkbc cnkZ'r fd;sA veyu ¼O;gkfjd½ bldh lqUur lkfcr djus ds fy, Lo;a Hkh ,d csok ls fudkg fd;k vkSj bl fudkg ij tks dqN rkuk r'kuk vkSj tku ds [krjs vkidks is'k vk;s mudks vkius 'ksjks 'kdj le> dj I;kj ls mldk et+k fy;kA**

gt+jr jk;iqjh dks fojklr ¼mÙkjkf/kdkj½ ls I;kj ugha Fkk gt+jr jk;iqjh dks fojklr ¼mÙkjkf/kdkj½ ls I;kj ugha Fkk gt+jr jk;iqjh dks fojklr ¼mÙkjkf/kdkj½ ls I;kj ugha Fkk gt+jr jk;iqjh dks fojklr ¼mÙkjkf/kdkj½ ls I;kj ugha Fkk

gt+jr ekSykuk 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkgc dks nqfu;k dh bTtr] cM+kbZ vkSj eky o tk;nkn ls dksbZ yxko ugha Fkk u gh dHkh vkius bl ckr ds fy, dksbZ iz;Ru fd;k FkkA gt+jr feL=h vgen glu lkgc Qjekrs gSa ^^gt+jr ekSykuk 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkgc dh ge'khjk ¼cfgu½ jk;iqj esa C;kgh Fkh mlls ,d yM+dk ekSykuk v'kjQ vyh Fkk tks gt+jr ds ikl jgrk Fkk tc gt+jr dh rch;r dqN chekj pyus yxh rks xkao ds tehankj yksxksa us gt+jr jk;iqjh ls dgk] ^^vki gt+jr ekSykuk v'kjQ vyh dks viuk okfjl cuk ysaA gt+jr igys rks [kkeks'k jgs ysfdu tc yksxksa us ncko nsdj dgk] ^^vki gt+jr ekSykuk v'kjQ dks viuk okfjl cukdj 'kgj tkdj jftLVªh djk nsa rks vkius Qjek;k]

^^eSa dgha lgkjuiqj oxSjk esa fdlh jftLVªkj ds lekus ugha tkrk gwaA blds ckn xkao okys jftLVªkj dks xkao esa yk,A ,d fojklr ukek fy[kdj gt+jr jk;iqjh 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkgc ds lkeus is'k fd;kA nq[k Hkjs okrkoj.k esa vkius ml fojklr ukes ij gLrk{kj fd,A jftLVªkj us muds c;ku ys fy,A vkSj fojklr gt+jr ekSykuk ds uke gks xbZA

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gt+jr feL=h vgen glu lkgc Qjekrs gSaA

^^tc jk;iqj ds yksxksa us gt+jr 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkgc ls jftLVªkj ds lkeus fojklr ij gLrk{kj djk fy, rks vkidk eu jk;iqj ls [këk gks x;k ftlls vkius jk;iqj NksM+dj csgV ds ,d tehankj 'kkg tkfgn glu dh tehankjh ds xkao ^ihfy;ks* esa tkdj jguk 'kq: dj fn;k vkSj vki chekj Hkh gks x,A ihfy;ks esa gh vkidk bykt Hkh pyrk jgkA yksxksa dks bl ckr dk vkt rd irk ugha fd gt+jr ihfy;ksa esa D;ksa x,\ os dsoy bl ckr dks tkurs gSa fd gt+jr dks ogka bykt djkus esa vklkuh Fkh tcfd ;g ckr Åijh ckr FkhA blls c<+dj gt+jr dh ,d cM+h jk; Hkh ;g cu xbZ Fkh fd ejus ds ckn ihfy;ks esa gh nQuk;k tk, ysfdu jk;iqj okyksa ds lkeus dkSu cksy ldrk FkkA tc gt+jr dh oQkr gks xbZ rks tukts dks jk;iqj okys mBk yk,A

gt+jr ekSykuk vcqy glu vyh unoh viuh iqLrd ^gt+jr ekSykuk vCnqy dkfnj lkgc jk;iqjh ds i`"B 64 ij ^gt+jr jk;iqjh ds ihfy;ks tkus ds lEcUèk esa fy[krs gSaA

^^gt+jr ekSykuk 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkgc ds etZ dh c<+ksrjh gqbZ rks vki 'kkg tkfgn glu ds bljkj ls muds ekSt+k ihfy;ks esa tgka dh vkcks gok cgqr menk vkSj lsgr c['k le>h tkrh Fkh vkSj bl [;ky ls fd lM+d dk dqcZ ¼lehirk ½ le>k tkrk Fkk MkDVjksa ds vkus tkus esa lgwfy;r gksxh ogka pys x,A**

fjlkyk lokug jghfe;k ys[kd ulj bCu MkW- tQj lkgc cukjlh etkgjh i`"B 8 ij fy[krs gSa ^^vkius eR;q ls igus viuk reke

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lkeku ;gka rd fd cnu ds diM+ksa rd dks olh;r o fglkc ds t+fj, nwljksa dh fefYd;r cuk fn, Fks exj 13 lkS :i;s lQj [kpZ ds fy, ekSykuk 'kkg vCnqy dkfnj lkgc ds gokys dj fn, fd budks egQwt j[kksA esjk vkSj rqEgkjk gt dk lQj [kpZ gS ysfdu T;kas&T;ksa rch;r vfèkd [kjkc gksrh xbZ vkSj T;knk [kjkc gks xbZ rks og rsjg lkS :i;s Hkh xjhcksa esa ckaV fn;s ,d gCck Hkj Hkh vkids ikl fefYd;r esa ugha Fkk**

vaxzst ljdkj }kjk rQrh'k vFkkZr~ iqfyl vQlj }kjk iwNrkN vaxzst ljdkj }kjk rQrh'k vFkkZr~ iqfyl vQlj }kjk iwNrkN vaxzst ljdkj }kjk rQrh'k vFkkZr~ iqfyl vQlj }kjk iwNrkN vaxzst ljdkj }kjk rQrh'k vFkkZr~ iqfyl vQlj }kjk iwNrkN

tc gt+jr 'ks[kqy fgUn dh fxj¶rkjh vjc ns'k esa gks xbZ rks vaxzst+ ljdkj dks vki ij lansg gqvk] ,d vaxzst iqfyl vkfQlj vkids ikl jk;iqj [kkudkg esa vk;kA feL=h vgen glu lkgc us ml le; dk viuh vka[kksa ns[kk gky o.kZu bl izdkj fd;k gSA

^^ gt+jr jk;iqjh dh rch;r dqN [kjkc py jgh FkhA vki [kkudkg okyh dksBh ds vanj ds dejs esa ysVs gq, Fks fd vaxzst+ ljdkj dh [kqfQ;k iqfyl dk ,d vkfQlj rdghdkr ds fy, vk;kA gt+jr ejgwe us Qjek;kA

^^vktkb, oSls gh twrksa lesr pys vkbZ, ge rks t+:jr iM+us ij twrksa lesr uekt Hkh i<+ ysrs gSaA** vaxzst lh-vkbZ-Mh- vfèkdkjh vius cwVksa ds Qhrs [kksyrs gq, cksyk **gt+jr vkidh ckr Bhd gS ysfdu eSa twrs lesr vkids ikl vkuk fQykQ vcn le>rk gw¡A**

,slk dgdj vkSj twrs fudkydj og vf/kdkjh gt+jr ds ikl vk;k mlds lkFk vkSj nks rhu vkneh FksA gt+jr ls gkFk feyk;k tc cSBus yxk rks gt+jr us mlds fy, ew<+k eaxk fn;k vkSj og ml

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ij cSB x;kA dqN nsj ds i'pkr tc vQlj us ekSykuk ls iwNk] gt+jr lquk gS vki ckfx;ksa ds fy, pank bdVBk djrs gSaA gt+jr us cM+s ldwu ds lkFk tokc fn;kA

^^;g rks [kkudkg gSA ;gka rks tks Hkh vkrk gS dqN us dqN ysdj vkrk gS ftlls [kkudkg dk dke pyrk gSA

vaxzstksa us nwljk loky fd;k ;gka ls ckxh yksx :i;k ys tkrs gSaA gt+jr us fQj mlh lqdwu dh gkyr esa tokc fn;kA

**esjh tkudkjh ds cxSj ;gka ls dksbZ Hkh vkneh ,d ikbZ Hkh ugha ys tk ldrkA**

rhljk loky iwNk vki ekSykuk egewn glu vkSj ekSykuk mcSnqYyk dh cxkor ds ckjs esa dqN tkurs gSa\

gt+jr us cM+s Hkksysiu ls tokc fn;k ^^vki dSlh ckrsa djrs gSa dgk gt+jr ekSykuk egewn glu vkSj ekSykuk mcSnqYyk vkSj dgka ukphtA mudk eq>ls D;k eqdkcykA eSa taxy esa >ksaiMh esa viuh ftanxh xqtkjus okykA dgka gqdwer] dgka esa vkidks fdlh us cgdk fn;k gS dgka ;g eqYykvksa dh tekr vkSj dgka gqdwerksa dh ckr\**

gt+jr ds c;ku ls vaxzst vfèkdkjh pDdj eas iM+ x;kA og bl urhts ij vk;k fd bl taxy esa lekt vkSj 'kgj ls nwj bruk cM+k dke ugha gks ldrkA ;g vkneh ,slk ugha gSA vaxzst pyk x;k ijarq tks fgUnqLrkuh xqIrpj foHkkx ds eqlyeku Fks ftuds uke et+gjh glu vkSj rlíqd gqlSu Fks mUgksaus ekSykuk dks eqlyekuksa esa cnuke fd;k fd bruk cM+k ihj [kqyk >wB cksyrk gSA

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bl ?kVuk vkSj cnukeh dk mÙkj gt+jr ekSykuk gqlSu vgen enuh us viuh iqLrd ^uD'ks g;kr* ftYn nkse esa bl izdkj fn;k gSA

^^vQlksl gS fd gekjs ekyVk esa vlhj gksus ds dqN fnu ckn gh ekSykuk jk;iqjh chekj gks x,A mlh n'kk esa lh-vkbZ-Mh- dk ,d vkfQlj muds ikl rQrh'k ds fy, v;kA ekSykuk us reke bytkekr dh rjnhn ¼badkj½ dj nh vkSj dqN ij ykbyeh dk bt+gkj Qjek;k ftl ij ;g ukdke okil vk;k vkSj dgus yxk] ekSykuk >wB cksyrs gSa dqN yksxksa dk fopkj gS fd >wB cksyuk gjke gS vkSj xqukg gSA gt+jr enuh us bldk mÙkj bl izdkj fn;k gSA

^^nqfu;k esa ,sls dyekr ¼okD;½ dks tokc esa bLrseky djuk ftu ds nks ek;us gSa eqrdfYye buds nwljs ekus ysa vkSj eq[kkfrc dqN vkSj le>s ;g >wB ugh gS vkSj ,sls ekSds ij fcyk 'kqck ¼fu%lansg½ tk;t gSA ,d mnkgj.k nsrs gq, vkius fy[kk gSA

^^gt+jr bczkghe vyS- tc viuh iRuh lkjk ds lkFk fgt+jr djrs gq, fQfyLrhu dks r'kjhQ ys tk jgs Fks ,d vR;kpkjh ckn'kkg dk eqYd jkLrs esa iM+k ftldk rjhdk ;g Fkk fd vxj dksbZ enZ fdlh [kwclwjr vkSjr ds lkFk mldh ljgn ls xqtjrk Fkk rks vkSjr dks Nhu yssrk Fkk vxj og eZn vkSjr dk 'kkSgj gksrk Fkk rks mldks dRy dj fn;k tkrk Fkk vkSj ;fn og eZn vkSjr dk HkkbZ gksrk Fkk rks NksM+ fn;k tkrk Fkk exj vkSjr dks izR;sd n'kk esa vius vf/kdkj esa ys ysrk FkkA mlds tklwlksa us gt+jr lkjk vkSj gt+jr bczkfge v- dh [kcj ml ckn'kkg dks igqapkbZA mlus rqjUr flikfg;ksa dks Hkstk rks gt+jr bczkfge us gt+jr lkjk dks le>k;k

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rqe ;g er dguk fd ;g esjk 'kkSgj gS cfYd rqe dguk ;g esjk HkkbZ ¼bczkfge½ gS bl le; bl t+ehu ij dksbZ bZeku okyk flok, esjs vkSj rqEgkjs dksbZ ugha gSA vFkkZr~ eSa rqEgkjk nhuh HkkbZ gw¡ ;gh tokc ckn'kkg ds yksxksa dks fn;k fd og esjh cfgu gS bl dkj.k mUgksaus bczkfge v- dks dRy ugha fd;kA

;g tokc >wB vkSj fdTc ugha gS cfYd evkjht+ es 'kqekj fd;k tkrk gSA eq[kkrchu ;kfu ckn'kkg vkSj mlds yksx ;g le>s fd gt+jr bczkghe vkSj gt+jr lkjk vkil esa ikfjokfjd HkkbZ cfgu gSa blfy, mudks NksM+ fn;k x;kA beke 'kkQh Qjekrs gSa( **evkjht+ esa >wB cksyus ls cpko gSA blh rjhds dks gt+jr 'ks[kqy fgUn vkSj muds lkfFk;ksa us bf[r;kj fd;k FkkA muds tokc vDlj nks ekus j[krs Fks ftudk vlyh eryc dqN vkSj gksrk Fkk vkSj udyh dqN vkSjA

gt+jr enuh vkxs Qjekrs gSa vke yksx le>rs gSsa fd >wB gj gky esa cqjk vkSj gjke gSA gkykafd >wB ckt vkSdkr esa QtZ vkSj okft+c gks tkrk gS vkSj ckt+ ekSdksa ij eqLrgc vkSj ckt+ vkSdkr esa eckg vkSj ckt+ vkSd+kr esa gjke vkSj ed:g gksrk gSA

vxj fdlh csxqukg vkSj eqLrgd dks tkfye d+Ry djrk gks vkSj >wB cksy dj mldks cpkuk eqefdu gks rks ml oDr >wB cksyuk okftc gksxkA vkSj ;fn >wB ds tfj, dksbZ HkykgZ iSnk gksrh gS tSls nks yM+us okyksa esa lqyg djk nsuk rks ml le; >wB cksyuk eqLrgc gSA tukc gt+jr eqgEen ly- Qjekrs gSaA

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**tks 'k[r >wB cksydj lqyg djk ns og >wBk ughaA blh ckr dks gt+jr 'ks[k lknh Qjekrs gSa njksx efLygr vkest og vt jkLrh fQruk vaxst ¼vFkkZr½ bLykg ¼lq/kkjokyk½>wB fQruk ¼yM+kbZ½ okys lpkbZ ls csgrj gS½A blh izdkj viuh choh ls >wB cksyus ls ;fn eqgCcr c<+s rks tk;t+ gSA**

gt+jr ekSykuk egewn glu lkgc ls muds ,d lkFkh ekSykuk mt+Sj xqy us iwNk ftu fjiksVksaZ ds ckjs esa lh-vkbZ-Mh- ge ls iwNrh gS mlds ckjs esa tkurs gq, Hkh ge badkj djrs gSa D;k ;g >wB ugha gS\ gt+jr 'ks[kqy fgUn ekSykuk egewnqy glu lkgc us tokc fn;k Fkk] ^^gekjs cqtqxksZa us 1857 bZ- esa lc dqN fd;k Fkk exj tc vaxzst gqDdke us iwNk lcdk badkj djrs pys vk,A fdlh Hkh pht+ dk bdjkj ugha fd;kA**

gt+jr 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkgc jk;iqjh dh oQkr ¼e`R;q½ gt+jr 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkgc jk;iqjh dh oQkr ¼e`R;q½ gt+jr 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkgc jk;iqjh dh oQkr ¼e`R;q½ gt+jr 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkgc jk;iqjh dh oQkr ¼e`R;q½

gt+jr ekSykuk lS ;n vcqy glu vyh unoh viuh iqLrd lokusg gt+jr ekSykuk 'kkg vCnqy dkfnj lkgc jk;iqjh ds i"B 64 ij fy[krs gSaA

**gt+jr 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkgc dh vykyr dk flyflyk oQkr ls ikap N% lky igys 'kq: gks x;k FkkA vkf[kj ds jet+ku 'kjhQ esa nksuksa oDr dk [kkuk NksM+ fn;k FkkA jkr dk [kkuk rks gj jet+ku esa igys Hkh ugha [kk;k djrs Fks exj bl nQk nksuksa oDr lgjh o vQrkjh dk [kkuk rdZ dj fn;k FkkA lkjh jkr lqcg rd dqjku 'kjhQ gh lqurs jgrs Fks lgjh ds oDr esa lknk pk; ys tk;k djrk rks vjc dh NksVh fQtku esa flQZ ,d ?kwaV cjk;s uke gh

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ysrsA nks rhu fnu rks eSa vtZ djrk jgk fd gt+jr vki dqN ugha [kkrs rks tbZQ ¼detksjh½ gks tk,xsa dqN tokc ugha fn;kA rhljs pkSFks jkst Qjek;k ekSyoh lkgc vYykg rvkyk us tUur dk tk;dk ulhc Qjek fn;k gS bl [kkus dh t#jr ugha jghA gykafd psgjk bruk lq[kZ Fkk tSls cM+s ytht [kkuk [kkrs gSaA ekSr dk cgqr 'kkSd Fkk cM+s tkS+d ls Qjek;k djrs Fks fd ;fn vYykg rkyk us ;g oDr ulhc Qjek, rks lqUur ds eqrkfcd rtghj rnQhu djukA ,d fnu Qjek;k dksbZ vey rks gS ugha [kcj ugha ekSr dk 'kkSd D;ksa gS\

;s reke gkykr ihfy;ks xkao ds gSa tgak chekjh ds le; gt+jr dks 'kkg tkfgn glu lkgc ys x, FksA gt+jr ekSykuk vyh fe;ka vkxs fy[krs gSaA

**;gka ihfy;ks xkao esa vkidk d+;ke dkQg eqÌr rd jgkA gt+jr ekSykuk 'kkg vCnqy dkfnj lkgc vkSj nqljs gt+jr vkSj [kqlqlh [kqÌke o vgys rkYyqd ogha eqdhe vkSj f[kner o rhekjnkjh esa ljxje vkSj equgfed FksA 26 jch mLlkuh 1337 fg- eqrkfcd 29 tuojh 1918 bZ- dks og oDr vk gh x;k ftldk gt+jr dks bafrtkj Fkk vkSj f[knerxkj ftlls Mjrs FksA

jkr ds le; ;g okdk is'k vk;k nqljs fnu lqcg dks jk;iqj okys yk'k eqckjd ¼er 'kjhj½ dks nQu djus ds fy, ys vk,A vkf[kj mlh ckx esa tgka vkidh g;kr 'kjhQ dk vkf[kjh fgLlk xqt+jk Fkk efLtn ds tquqch flEr vkidk et+kj 'kjhQ gSA

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gt+jr ekSykuk gqlSu vgen enuh lkgc viuh iqLrd *ud'ks g;kr*esa fy[krs gSa] **vQlksl fd gekjh vlkjr ds tekus esa gh gt+jr jk;iqjh dk folky gks x;k ftldh [kcj ekyVk gh esa ge dks igqaph bl ij gt+jr 'ks[kqy fgan dks cgqr lnek gqvk vkSj vjls rd jgkA muds ejfl;s esa ,d dlhnk Hkh fy[kk Fkk tks vkids dlkbn esa gSaA

gt+jr 'ks[kqy fgaUn lkgc dk og dlhnk tks mUgksaus gt+jr dh oQkr ij fy[kk Fkk gedks feL=h vgen glu lkgc ds ikl ls feyk FkkA ckn esa nk#y mywe nsocUn ds ekfld fjlkyk *vydkfle ua- 11 rkjh[k jet+ku 1338 fg- esa Hkh iqjk Nik gqvk fey x;kA ,d nqljk ejfl;k *nnsZa fny* ds uke ls gt+jr ekSykuk 'kCchj vgen mLekuh lkgc dk gedks feykA ;s nksuksa ejfl, gt+jr 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkgc jk;iqjh dh oQkr ij nk#y myqe nsocan dh ,d 'kksd lHkk tks 14 ekpZ 1919 bZ- mlh esa i<+s x;s gt+jr ekSukyk 'kCchj vgen mlekuh lkgc us nnsZ fny ds uke ls ,d ejfl;k i<+k FkkA ge ;gka mlh ejfl;s dks fgUnh Hkk"kk esa mlds vFkksZa lfgr ns jgs gSaA igys ejfl;s dh ykbZus nh tk,axh] rRi'pkr~ mudk HkkokFkZ fn;k tk,xkA

esjs fny ij gS D;ksa vklkjs og'kr vkt D;k gksxk]

;g dSlh etfyls x+e gS ;g fdl dk rt+fdjk gksxkA

t+eha esa t+y t+yk D;ksa gS Qyd ij x+y x+yk D;ksa gSA

;g uQ[k lwj D;ksa gS D;k vkt gh eg'kj cik gksxkA

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rqEgkjs 'kksj 'ksou ls xqeka gksrk gS ;g eq>dks]

d;ker ls Hkh 'knhn dksbZ gknlk cM+k gksxkA

lquks , ge neksa ,d uqdrk , ckjhd lw>k gS]

le> ysxk mls tks lkgcs Qgeks t+dk gksxkA

vxj ;g ekurs gks ekSr vkfye ekSr vkye gS]

rks ekSrs eqjf'kns vkye dk cksyks uke D;k gksxkA

laHky tkuk fd vc eSa uke dh rljhg djrk gwa]

fd lkes dk fduk;ksa ls ftxj 'kd gks jgk gksxkA

rokt+s vkSj eqjOor xj dksbZ 'k[kls eqt+Lle gks]

rks og ljrk dne vCnqjZghe ck lQk gksxkA

ftUgksaus jk;iqj esa csB dj xaxksg ns[kk gS]

mUgsa gh ;kn xaxksg dk dqN tqxjkfQ+;k gksxk]

og njckus j'khnh dk uewuk vc dgka ns[ksa]

dgka ckt+kj ,slk bYeksa fgder dk yxk gksxkA

mi;qZDr iafDr;ksa dk HkkokFkZ &gt+jr ekSykuk 'kCchj vgen mLekuh lkgc dgrs gSa fd vkt esjk ân; Hk;Hkhr D;ksa gks jgk gS ;g x+e dh dSlh etfyl gS blesa fdldh ppkZ gksxh\ ;g D;k gksus okyk

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gS\ i`Fkoh vkt dkai D;ksa jgh gSA vkSj vkleku esa dSlk 'kksj ep jgk gSA ;g lwj D;ksa Qwadk tk jgk gS D;k vkt d;kre gksus okyh gSA Bgjks nksLrksa eq>s ,d ckr le> esa vkbZ gS ysfdu mldks ogh le>sxk ftlesa cqf) vkSj le> gksxhA d;ker ls c<+dj vkSfy;k ¼_f"k½ dh eR;q gksrh gSA ;fn ;g eku fy;k tk, fd fo}ku dh ekSr ,d lalkj dh ekSr gS rks reke lalkj dks usdh crykus okys _f"k dh ekSr dk D;k uke j[kk tk,xkA vc rfud lkoèkku gks tkvks eSa muds uke dks [kksyrk gw¡ D;ksafd lquus okyksa dk ân; bu ladsrksa ls QV x;k gksxkA

vfrfFk lRdkj vkSj lgkuqHkwfr dk ;fn dksbZ lkdkj O;fDr rqe ns[kuk pkgks rks og lj ls iSj rd 'kkg vCnqjZghe jk;iqjh gSaA ftu O;fDr;ksa us jk;iqj esa cSB dj xaaxksg ds lacaèk esa lkspk vkSj fopkj fd;k gS mUgha yksxksa dks xaxksg dssa Hkwxksy ds lacaèk esa dqN tkudkjh gSa vFkkZr~ ogh xaxksg ds ckjs esa tku ldasxsA og gt+jr j'khn vgen ds njckj dk uewuk vc dgka jg x;k gS vkSj u os Kku vkSj rkfRodrk ls Hkjh ckrsa jg xbZ gSaA

dgks , ge u'khuksa D;k [k+cj Fkh ge xjhcksa dks]

fd t+sjs [k+kd ;wa xathuk , bYeks gqnk gksxkA

ftls rqe 'ks[k dk tius et+kjs ikd dgrs gks]

ysfdu gS og reUukvvksa dk esjh ed+cjk gksxkA

tekus ds vxj vjeku dq'k rsoj ;gh gksaxs]

rks Mj ;g gS fd mEehnksa dk lkjh [kRek gksxkA

of 80

pys gSa vki vkSj egewn Hkh vkus u ik, FksA

bls rks xkfycu fny vkidk Hkh ekurk gksxkA

x, gks NksM+ dj egewn dh vkSykn dks fdl ij]

vxj gksxk rks gedks vils ;gh fxyk gksxkA

cgqr vPNk gesa lc NksM+ dj rugk pys tkvks]

fd gkeh ge xjhcksa cs dlksa dk Hkh [kqnk gksxkA

rqqEgsa D;k fQØ gS bldh fd nnsZ dqcZ QqdZr ls]

dksbZ rks ph[krk dksbZ rM+irk ykSVrk gksxk A

cgqr cstku gksaxs vkSj cgqr ls uhe tka gksaxs ]

b/kj ,d uhe fcfLey m/kj fcfLey iM+k gksxk A

dksbZ ldrs esa gksxk 'kq'njksa gSjr t+ng gksdj]

fdlh dh vka[k ls v'dksa dk tkjh flyflyk gksxkA

b/kj [kkeks'k lc bYeksa vey dh egfQysa gksaxh]

m/kj eqYds foyk;r esa vtc ekre cik gksxkA

mi;qZDr iafDr;ksa dk HkkokZFk% ekSykuk 'kCchj vgen mLekuh lkgc vius fe=ksa dks lacksf/kr djrs gq, dgrs gSa nksLrksa ge dks ;g irk ugha Fkk fd vPNkb;ksa dk [ktk+uk bl izdkj t+ehu ds vUnj nQu

of 80

dj fn;k tk,xkA rqe ftudks vius ihj dk etk+j dgrsa gks og rks gekjh vk'kkvksa dh dcz gSA tekuk ¼dky½ ds ;fn blh izdkj ekjus okys rsoj gksaxs rks gedks Hk; yxjgk gS fd reke vk'kkvksa vkSj bPNkvksa dh lekfIr gks tk,xh vkSj dksbZ reUuk ugha jgsxhA ;g vkius D;k fd;k vHkh rks egewn ¼'ks[kqy fgan½ Hkh u vk ik, FksA bl ckr dks rks vkidk eu Hkh Hkyh Hkkafr tkurk gS mudh lUrku ftlds ¼Hkkjr dh turk½ vki j{kd Fks ]mldks fdl ds Hkjksls NksM+ dj pys x, gks ge dks vki ls ;g cgqr cM+h f'kdk;r gSA pyks ns[kk tk,xk gesa rqe lc NksM+ dj vdsys pys tkvksA ge xjhcksa vlgk;ksa vkSj csdlksa dh ns[kHkky djus okyk vc rks cl [kqnk gh gSa rqedks bl ckr dh D;k fpark fd tqnkbZ ds xe esa dksabZ ph[krk fQjs ;k rM+irk fQjs ;k cspSu gksdj ykSVrk rM+irk jgsA bln'kk ls cgqr ls cst+ku gks x, gSa vkSj dqN v/kejs cspSu iM+s gksxsA dksbZ vk'p;Z pfdr csgks'k iM+k gksxk tks gks'k es gSa mudh vka[kksa ls vkalqvksa dh /kkjk cg jgh gksxhA b/kj Kku vkSj lnkpkj dh etfyls pqi iM+h gSa vkSj mèkj foyk;r ¼;ks#i ekyVk½ esa cM+k 'kksd vkSj ekre gks jgk gksxkA

uksV% ;gka foyk;r ls rkRi;Z ;ksjksih;u ns'k gS fo'ks"k #i ls fczVsu ¼baxySaM½ ftlus gt+jr 'ks[kqy fgan ekSykuk egeqn lkgc dks ekyVk nhi tks vaxzstksa ds v/khu Fkk dh tsy esa dSn dj j[kk Fkk ;gka foyk;r ls blh vksj ladsr gSA

;g lc gS ij eqlhcr ,d buls T;knk gS]

lqukÅ¡ ij tjk fny dks idM+uk Fkkeuk gksxkA

of 80

dystk eqag dks vk tkr gS tc ;g lksprk gwa eSa]

fd D;k dqN gky rsjk , vlhjs ekyVk gksxkA

mUgsa tks rqe ls fuLcr Fkh mls og [kwc le>sxkj]

fd ftlus dSl dk Qjgkn dk fdLlk lquk gksxkA

og vkf'kd Fkk rqEgkjk vkSj rqEgkjs rt+djs dk Hkh]

dksbZ ,slk rsjk 'kk;n gh eq'rkds fyd+k gksxkA

rqEgkjs ftØ ls ftl ds cnu esa tku vkrh Fkh]

rqEgkjs fQØ esa gh D;k [kcj Fkh og Quk gksxk]

t+eha okyksa ds etesa esa u mlus tc rq>s ik;k]

Qyd ij vc eykbd dh lQksa esa <wa<rk gksxkA

olh;r dh gS dqN gljr Hkjs vyQkt+ esa mlus]

rqEgsa ekywe 'kk;n ;g u gksxk ;k gqvk gksxkA

x+jt ;g rks toksj gd+ esa igqaps vkSj ;ksa ge ijA

dgaw D;k D;k gqvk D;k gks jgk gS vkSj D;k gksxkA

le> tks fdl dnj ex+ewe vgyss enjlk gksaxs]

le> yks fdl dnj e[kry ut+kes enjlk gksxkA

of 80

;g ekuk rqe ogka Hkh lkfcdqy [kSj gks ysfdu]

cM+k gh dke bu VwVs fnyksa dk tksM+uks gksxkA

mi;qZDr iafDr;ksa dk HkkokFkZ % ekSykuk 'kCchj vgen mLekuh lkgc viuh ijs'kkfu;ksa dk o.kZu djrs gq, dgrs gSa fd ;g reke ijs'kkfu;ka rks gSa gh bu lc ds vfrfjDr lcls cM+h eqlhcr ;g gS fd mlds lqukus ds fy, vkidks viuk fny Fkke dj mldks vius dkcw esa j[kuk gksxkA esjk eu Hk;Hkhr gsk mBrk gS tc eSa ;g lksprk gwa fd , ekyVk tsy ds dSnh ¼gt+jr ekSykuk egewn glu½ rq> ij bl le; D;k xqtj jgh gksxhA mudks vkils tks yxko Fkk mldks ogh le> ldrk gS ftlus dSl vkSj Qjgkn dk fdLlk lqu j[kk gksxkA og ¼ekSykuk egewn glu½ rqEgkjk vkSj rqEgkjh ppkZvksa dk vkf'kd Fkk blfy, ,slk rks dksbZ Hkh vkids pkgus okyk nwljk dksbZ ugha gks ldrkA rqels lacafèkr ckr djus ls muds eu esa tku vkrh Fkh ;g dksbZ ugah tkurk Fkk fd rqEgkjh fpark djrs&djrs oga Lo;a lekIr gks tk,xkA og iFoh ij euq"; leqg esa tc vkidks ugha ikrk rks og mldh ryk'k vkleku esa Qfj'rksa ds lewg esa vjaHk dj nsrk gS vkSj ogha ryk'k djrk gSA mUgksaus cM+s nq[k vkSj vQlksl ds lkFk tks olh;r dh gS vkidks laHkor% ekywe gksxh ;k ugha gksxhA vYykg jCcqy bTt+r ds ikl pys x, gks vkSj ;gka ge ij D;k xqt+j jgh gS bldh vkidks dksbZ [kcj ughaA ;g enjls ¼nk:y mywe½ okys ftuds vki laj{kd Fks vkt fdrus nq[kh gSaA blls muds enjls dk reke izcaèk gh myV iqyV gks x;k gS ge ;g ckr ekurs gSa fd vki ogka Hkh 'kkafr ls lq[kiwoZd gks ysfdu ;gka tks gekjs fny VwVs iM+s gSa mudks dkSu tksM+sxkA

of 80

[kqnkjk tYn vkdj ns[k yks p'esa eqgCcr ls]

gekjk cl rqEgkjh ,d ut+j ij QSlyk gksxkA

rsjs vYrkQ ij dqckZu lc ihjksa toka gksaxs]

tekr esa gj ,d [kqnksZ dyka rqe ij fQnk gksxkA

vnk ls rq tks ns[kksxs rks ge ut+jsa dt+k gksaxs]

;g tka oDQs flre gksxh ;g fny e'ds tQ+k gksxkA

rek'kk yksx ns[ksaxs gquj ge vktek,saxs]

rsjs ukfod dk vkSj esjs ftxj dk lkeuk gksxkA

rcLlqe dj ds ftl ne rqe ngu ls xqyfQ'kka gksaxs]

rks cqycqy dk mlh ne xqapk;s mehnokj gksxkA

ckgkj vk tk,xh fQj ,s'k dslkeku cge gksaxs]

pysxk nkSj lkx+j vkSj rlylqy nkSj dk gksxkA

ogh ehuk ogh [kqe vkSj ogh tkeks lqcw gksaxs]

ogh lkdh ogh e; vkSj fQj ogh eSdnk gksxkA

cny tk,axs v¸;kes ugl ftYys gqek;wa ls]

ulhck cwe dk Hkh ge ljsc[rs gqek gksxkA

of 80

b/kj rks lc lywdks t+T+c dh jkgsa [kqyh gksxh]

m/kj rkyhe lqUur dk Hkh rkt+k e'kxyk gksxkA

tehus fgan th mBsxh vuQ+kls eqdÌl ls] rks xks;k uQ[k+ lkuh lwj bljkQhy dk gksxkA

¼ukfod rhj pykus okyk½

mi;qZDr iafDr;ksa dk HkkokFkZ% ekSykuk 'kCchj vgen mLekuh lkgc fuosnu djrs gSa fd vYykg ds okLrs vki 'kh?kz vkdkj ge ij nf"V vkSj I;kj fd ut+jsa MkyksaA bl eqgCcr Hkjh ,d ut+j ij gh gekjk vkSj rqEgkjk QSlyk gks tk,xkA vkids izse vkSj eqgCcr ij lHkh cw<+s vkSj toku ,dne dqckZu gksus dks rS;kj gSaA iwjh tekr ¼fxjksg½ ds vanj izR;sd NksVk cM+k vki ij tku nsus dks cSBk gSA tc vki I;kj Hkjh Hkkouk ls n`f"V ge ij Mkyksxs rks ge ,d ne mlds vk/khu [khaps pys vk,axs vkSj gekjk thou d"V mBkus dks rS;kj gks tk,xk vkSj gekjk ân; eqlhcrks dks lgu djus dk vH;Lr gks tk,xkA tc vkids rhj gekjs ftxj ij pysaxs rks turk bl gquj ds izn'kZu ds rek'ks dks ns[ksaxhA blds i'pkr tc vki gal dj vius eq[k ls Qwy cjlk,axs rks cqycqy dh ¼gekjh½ vk'kkvksa ds xqPNs f[ky mBasxsA mlh le; pkjks vksj cgkj dk ekSle vk tk,xk rFkk lq[k lqfoèkk dk lkeku cu tk,xkA ml lq[knkbZ le; esa I;kyksa dk nkSj vkjaHk gksxk ftldk flyflyk yxkrkj pysxkA ml le; ogh lqjkgh vkSj ogh eVdk ogh fiykus okyk vkSj ogh 'kjkc [kkuk gksxk blds i'pkr cqjs fnu vPNs fnuks esa cny tk,axsA mYyw dk nqHkkZX; Hkh lkSHkkX; esa cny tk,xkA b/kj

of 80

bZ'oj HkfDr dh lc jkgsa [kqy tk,axhA gt+jr eqgEen lkgc dh lHkh f'k{kk,a rkt+k gks tk,axhA fganqLrku dh tehu ifo= lkalks ls th mBsxh vFkkZr bljkQhy nksckjk vius lwj esa Qwd ekjsxkA

uksV% eqlyekuks ds /kkfeZd fo'oklksa ds vuqlkj lwj ,d izdkj ¼j.kHksnh tSlk½ dk vkokt djus okyk ;a= gSA ftl izdkj lk;ju vkfn gksrk gSA bljkQhy ml Qfj'rs dk uke gS tks bl ;a= ¼lwj½ dks Fkkes [kM+k gSA tc og blesa Qwad ekjsxk ;g tks vkokt gksxh mldks lwj Qwaduk dgk x;k gSaA tc bljkQhy izFke ckj lwj Qwadsxk rks leLr lf"V u"V gks tk,xh vFkkZr lc tkunkj ej tk,axsA fQj nwljh ckj Qwadsxk rks lc ejs gq, th mBsaxsA ;gka nwljh ckj lwj Qwadus ls rkRi;Z thfor gksus ls gSA

vxj rQlhy ml lc dh lquksa tks gksus okyk gS]

rks bu v'kvkj ls gkfly ugha ;g eqík gksxkA

Hkyk tt+ckr dk QksVks mrkjs fdl rjg dksbZ]

mrkjsxk rks og ukfdl Hkh gksxk cnuqek gksxkA

fygkt+k bYrtk ;g gS fd vc nLrs nqvk mBs]

tekvr ds ljksa ij fcy ;dhu nLrs [kqnk gksxkA

vxj ge flnd vkSj b[kykl ls mldks iqdkjsaxs]

rks mnÅuyh ls tyok vLrftc dk :uqek gksxkA

[kqnk;k ge tbZQ vkSj uk roka gS vkSj fudEesa gSa]

of 80

dHkh 'kk;n gh dksbZ dke ge ls cu iM+k gksxkA

ljkik tqeZ gS] rdlhj gS ful;ka o xQ+yr gS]

xqukg og dkSu lk gS tks ugha ge ls gqvk gksxkA

tks tscs ru fd;k eycwl rdok Hkh dHkh geus]

og lkscs1 twj2 gksxk edj gksxk vkSj fj;k gksxkA

fQj bu lc dk cgkuk rsjh jger dks cukrs gaSaA

ugha ,slk dksbZ nqt+ns fnyokj nwljk gksxkA

exj ukfne gS vkSj ekSrfjQ gS vkSj [kkbZQ gS]

cM+h r'oh'k gS D;k ekt+jk jksts+ tt+k gksxkA

rsjs cans gSa] vkSj rsjs uch dk uke ysok gSa]

;dha gS dqN dje ge ij c gDds eqLrQk gksxkA

;gh mEehn gS tks nqjsZ ;drka xqe gqvk ge ls]

nksckjk vkids vQt+ky ls gedks vrk gksxkA

ges'kk ds fy, tks uQls dqnlh fNu pqdk ge ls]

vrk [kqYns cjh eas ml dks vkyk ejrck gksxkA

le> esa lwjrs rkjh[k ;g cdLn vkbZ gS]

of 80

fd dg nwa nkf[kys [kqYns cjh gh ekík gksxkA

¼1- lksc&diMk+] 2- twj&/kks[kk½

mi;qZDr iafDr;ksa dk HkkokFkZ% ;fn vki ml lc dks foLrkj ls tkuuk pkgrs gks tks dqN gksus okyk gS rks ;g dfork dh iafDr;ka tks vkids lkeus gSa buls og mís'; iwjk gksus okyk ugha gS Hkyk Hkkoukvksa dk QksVks fdl izdkj mrkjk tk ldrk gSa ;fn dksbZ ;g iz;Ru djuk Hkh pkgs rks Hkh QksVks Bhd mrkjus okyk ugh gS dksbZ u dksbZ deh mles jg tk,xhA vc rks cl izkFkZuk ds fy, gkFk mBk;s tk,a D;ksafd ;g ckr fo'okliwoZd dgh tk ldrh gS fd tekr ¼lewg½ ds lj ij vYykg dk gkFk gksrk gS ;fn lPph Hkkouk vkSj fouez ân; ls mldks iqdkjsaxs rks mldk izdk'k izdV gks tk,xkA , [kqnk ge fucZy gSa vlgk; gSa vkSj fudEes gSa gels 'kk;n gh dksbZ vPNk dk;Z cu iM+k gksxkA ge lj ls iSj rd ikih gSa xyrh djus okys gSa gels Hkwy pwd gksrh jgrh gSa ftl ls xQyr esa iM+s jgrs gSaA og dksbZ xqukg ,slk ugha tks gels gqvk u gksxkA dHkh geus ;fn ijgst+xkjh dh ckr dh Hkh gS rks og dsoy fn[kkok ek= gh jgkA bu lc ckrksa ds gksrs gq, Hkh gedks rqEgkjh n;k'khyrk ij mEehnokj gS fd vki {kek dj nsaxsA D;ksafd rw cM+k d`ikyq vkSj ln;kyq gSA vius fd, ij ge yfTtr Hkh gSa vkSj vki ls Hk; Hkh [kkrs gSa fd d;ker ds fnu gekjs lkFk D;k lywd fd;k tk,xk\ , [kqnk ge rsjs cans gSa vkSj rsjs uch dk uke ysus okys gSa gedks fo'okl gS fd gt+jr eqgEen lkgc lYy- ds lnds ls ge ij d`ik dh t,xhA gels tks dherh eksrh [kks x;k gS og gedk nksckjk izkIr gksxkA gedks ;g Hkh fo'okl gsS fd tks

of 80

egku vkRek gels fNu xbZ gS mldks vo'; tUur esa LFkku fn;k tk,xkA ;gh mudh e`R;q dh rkjh[k dk ekÌk gSA

eqlÌls ekyVk eqlÌls ekyVk eqlÌls ekyVk eqlÌls ekyVk

vFkkZr og nnZ ls Hkjk ejfl;k tks gt+jr ekSykuk 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkgc jk;iqjh dh eR;q dh lwpuk ikus ij 'ks[kqy fgan gt+jr ekSykuk egewn glu us ekyVk }hi ds dSn[kkus esa fy[kk FkkA bl ejfl;s dh gekjs ikl nks izfr;ka gSa ,d izfr eq>s gt+jr 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkgc jk;iqjh ds [kyhQk J)s; Lo-feL=h vgen glu lkgc us nh Fkh nqljh izfr nk#y myqe nsocUn ¼lgkjuiqj m-iz-½ ds fjlkyk vyd+kfle ftYn u-11 vad ua- 2 ekg jetkuqy eqckjd 1338 fgtjh ls izkIr gqbZA bfrgkl vkSj lkfgR; izsfe;ksa dh #fp ds fy, bl iqjs ejfl;s dks Hkh fganh fyfi esa ns jgs gSaA paqfd ejfl;s dh mnZq Hkk"kk cM+h dfy"V vkSj Åaph gS blfy, HkokFkZ Hkh lkFk lkFk fn;k tk jgk gSA

fdCykvks dkckvks vekuh eqnZ

vkfyeks gkfQts+ elkuh eqnZ

vkfjQs fgders ;ekuh eqnZ

rkbjs v'kksZ vk'k;kuh eqnZ

t+hurks tsc vyQluh eqnZ

'kkg vCnqjZghe lkuh eqnZ

of 80

HkkckFkZ% fd+Cyk ftldh vksj eqag djds iwjs lalkj ds eqlyeku uekt+ i<+rs gSaA dkck vkYykg dk og ?kj tgka tkdj lkjh nqfu;k ds eqlyeku izfr o"kZ gt djrs gSaA ;s nksuksa LFkku vjc ns'k ds eDdk 'kgj esa gSaA tc dksbZ eqlyeku fdlh nwljs eqlyeku dks vfr lEeku nsrk gS rks mldks bu nks 'kCnksa fdcyk o dkck ls lacksf/kr djrk gS D;ksafd ;s nksuksa gh LFkku eqfLyeksa ds fy, vfr lEeku ds gSaA 'ks[kqy fgan gt+jr ekSykuk egeqn glu ds eu esa 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkgc ds izfr vlhfer lEeku Fkk blfy, mUgksaus 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkgc dks fd+Cyk o d+kck 'kCnksa ls lEcksfèkr fd;k gSA

vFkkZr~ gekjs vfr Js)s;] fo}ku dqjku 'kjhQ ds gkfQt rFkk mldks Hkyh Hkkafr le>us okys czãkKkuh] cqf) ;qDr ckrs crkus okys ftl dk fBdkuk v'kZ ¼[kqnk ds ikl½ ij gS rFkk tks nwljs gt+kj lkyksa dh 'kksHkk vkSj jkSud mlh 'kkg vCnqjZgehe lkuh dk nsgar gks x;kA gkfeys nhu o gkfQys glukr]

[k+ktus [kSj o dkfQys cjdkr]

dkflesa QSt o tkes v'krkr]

lk;k , yqRQ o jgers egnkr]

t+hurks ts+c vyQlkuh eqnZ


of 80

HkkckFkZ% nhu dks etcqrh ls idM+us okys vkSj vPNkb;ksa dks xzg.k djus okys] HkykbZ vkSj cjdrksa dk [kt+kuk j[kus okys rFkk mudks pkjksa vksj ckaVus ;kuh QSykus okys d`ik vkSj n;k ds laxzgky; nwljs gt+kj o"kksaZ dh 'kksHkk vkSj jksud 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkuh dh eR;q gks xbZA

jguqek , elkfyds bZeka]

jg u ojns eukft+ys bZdka]

jg u cjns ejkfgys vglka]

lkfd , cT+esa ognrksa bjQka]

th+urks ts+c vyQ lkuh eqnZ]


HkkckFkZ% bZeke ds jkLrksa dks crkus okys] fo'okl vkSj ;dhu dh eaftyksa ds ;k=h vglku ¼czãKkuh½ ds ekxZ ij pyus okys] ,ds'ojoknh] evkjQr dh egfQy ds lkdh] nwljs gt+kj lkyksa dh 'kksHkk vkSj jkSud 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkuh dh eR;q gks xbZA

uqj p'ke vdkfcjs vkye]

eytkvks ekeus [kklks vke]

lj ijLr enkfjls bLyke]

t+eqnZe nh nbZ j'khn vuke]

of 80


'kkg vCnqjZghe lkuh eqnZ]

HkkckFkZ% iqoZtksa dh vka[k dh jks'kuhA izR;sd ds fy, veu dk LFkku] bLykeh enjlksa ds laj{kd] gt+jr j'khn vgen dh vka[k dh iqryh lalkj esa egku pfj= okysA nwljs gt+kj lkyksa dh 'kksHkk vkSj jkSud 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkuh dh e`R;q gks xbZA

jkls lqygk o lS;ns myek]

jkSuds vQtk+j gydk , Qqdjk]

eluns vkjk , egfQys bjQka]

'kke , oggkt etfyls xqckZ]



HkkckFkZ% pfj= oku usd O;kfDr vkSj fo}kuksa ds ljnkj] vYykg okys Qdhjksa dh egfQy dh jkSud c<+kus okys]czáKku dh egfQyksa ds v/;{kA fu/kZuksa dh egfQy dh pedrh gqbZ 'kek] nwljs gt+kj o"kksaZ dh 'kksHkk vkSj jkSud 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkuh dh e`R;q gks xbZA

cgjs vYrkQ o vcjks twnks l[kk]

#gs v[kykd o tkus flndks lQk]

dksgs redhu o dkus bYeks g;k]

of 80

cnzs vkQkd o 'kElks bT+tks vyk]

thurks ts+c vyQ lkuh eqnZ]


HkkckFkZ% egjckfu;ksa ds leanj] l[kkorksa ¼nku'khyrk½ ds ckny vPNs vkSj fouez LoHkko dh vkRek] lPpkbZ vkSj varjkRek dh ifo=rk dh tkuA xaHkhjrk ds ioZr] Kku vkSj yTtk dh dku]vkdk'k esa pkSngoha dk pedrk pkanA cM+kbZ] bTtr vkSj lEeku dk lw;Z] nwljs gt+kj o"kksaZ dh 'kksHkk vkSj jkSud 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkuh dh eR;q gks xbZA

p'kek, QStks+ jger vkSj vglka]

vkfjQs jEts+ bYeqy dqjku]

egfeys flnd dkSys Q[kjs teka]

[kSj dqe feu rvYyqeqy dqjku]



HkkckFkZ% vYykg dks igpkuus ds Kku dks tkuus okys d`ik vkSj n;k ds lzksr vkSj dqjku ds rkfRod Kku dks le>us okys vkSj gt+jr eqgEen lYy- dh ckr ds ;ksX; rqe lcls vPNk ogh gS tks dqjku lh[ks vkSj le>sA bu lc ckrksa dks le>us okyk gt+kj o"kksaZ dh 'kksHkk vkSj jkSud 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkuh dh eR;q gks xbZA

of 80

dkes f'kdZ o fcnvkr o bygkn]

ikd jks ikd&ckt+ o ikd fugkn]

jg jkS o jgcjksa o gknh utkn]

eq'kfQ+d+ o tkafulkjs vgys fonkn]



HkkokFkZ% f'kdZ ¼[kqnk ds lkFk fdlh dk lk>h cukuk½ fcnvkr ¼va/kfo'okl½ vkSj csnhuh ¼v/keZ½ dks tM+ ls m[kkM+us okys LoPN O;ogkj djus okys lPkkbZ ij pyus okys ftudh varjkRek ifo= gSA izR;sd NksVs cM+s dks lpkbZ dk ekxZ crkus okys yksxksa ls I;kj djus ds fy, viuh tku dqckZu djus okys nwljs gt+kj o"kksaZ dh 'kksHkk vkSj jkSud 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkuh dh eR;q gks xbZA

lwQh olkQh o lQh vOokc]

Qkuh o ckdh o rd+h rOokc]

[k+k'kks os [kkts+ o jt+h jggkc]

ye ;dqu Qkg 'kku okyk l[[kkc]



of 80

HkkokFkZ% varjkRek dh ifo=rk okyk lwQh o fuLokFkZ] vYykg ls xgjk laEidZ j[kus okyk bPNk u j[kus okyk vYykg ls izse dh dkeuk j[kus okyk cgqr vfèkd ijgst+xkj cgqr vfèkd rksck djus okykA fouez LoHkko vkSj ifo= eu ls vYykg ds lkeus >qdus vkSj vkKk ikyu djus okykA cgqr vfèkd vkoHkxr djus okyk og u fuyZTtrk ds dke djus okys vkSj u cntqcku FksA mUghsa nwljs gt+kj lky dh 'kksHkk vkSj jkSud 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkuh dh eR;q gks xbZA

ej gesa t[esa [kLrkvksa ukdke]

bLrxhjs vjkfey o bZrke]

[kkfnesa 'kjk o tj'khus djke]

jgers tqy tyky oy bdjke]



HkkokFkZ% vlQy vkSj nq[kh O;fDr;ksa dks lkaRouk nsus okyk cslgkjksa dk lgkjk foèkokvksa vkSj ;rheksa dks gkFk idM+us okyk vFkkZr~ mudh enn djus okykA èkkfeZd fu;eksa dk ikyu iks"k.k djus okykA lEekfur yksxksa ds mÙkjkfèkdkjh oSHko vkSj cM+kbZ o bT+t+r okyk jc dh d`ik dk ik= nwljs gt+kj o"kksaZ dh 'kksHkk vkSj jkSud 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkuh dh e`R;q gks xbZA

ge jgs ge jgka ok cSyk]

of 80

ge jkS ge joka ok cSyk]

ge nes ge neka ok oSyk]

ge nos nksLrka ok oSyk]



HkkokFkZ % lkfFk;ksa dk lkFkh] gejkfg;ksa dk gejkgh nksLrksa vkSj fe=ksa dk fe= vQlksl vkt muds chp ls pyk x;k vFkkZr nwljs gtk+j o"kksZ dh 'kksHkk vkSj jkSud 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkuh dh e`R;q gks xbZA

ckxs mEkhn es f[ktka vQlksl]

[kkd es xats 'kka;xka vQlksl ]

exZ vkSj bZlk t+eka vQlksl]

lnZ gks 'kek [kkojka vQlksl]

th+urks t+sc vyQ lkuh eqnZ]


HkkokFkZ % ckx ds gjk Hkjk gksus dh vk'kk ds le; f[katk ¼ir>M+½ vQlksl dh ckr gSA tks vPNkb;ksa dk [ktkuk gekjs ikl Fkk vQlksl og feëh esa fey x;k A ;qx dk bZlk gksus ij Hkh vQlksl gS fd og ej x;k A ;g ckr fdrus vpjt dh gS fd

of 80

iwoZ dk lw;Z fNi jgk gS A vQlksl nwljs gtk+j o"kksZ dh 'kksHkk vkSj jkSud 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkuh dh eR;q gks x;hA

ukft+'ks Q[k~ nksLrka u jgk]

tksj cktq, ge jgka u jgk]

dnz vQtkbZ [kkneka u jgk]

yks gqnk [kkus dkjoka u jgk]



HkkokFkZ % ftl ij fe=ksa dks iwjk Hkjkslk vkSj ukt Fkk tks lkfFk;ksa dh 'kfDr Fkh vkSj mudh Hkqtk,a Fkh tks vius lsodksa dks izksRlkgu nsus okyk Fkk dkQys es tks'k fnykus okyk gqnk[kka ¼vjc ns'kksa esa ÅaVksa ds lkFk mu ij lokj gksdj ;k=k dh tkrh Fkh ml lkewfgd ;k=k dks dkfQyk dgk tkrk FkkA bl dkQys es ÅaV ij cSB dj tks O;fDr euksjatu ;k lQj dh l[rh dks Hkqykus rFkk ;kf=;ksa dk lkgl c<+kus ds fy, tks xkuk xkrk Fkk mldks gqnh[kka dgrs FksA 'kkg lkgc gt+jr ekSykuk egewnqy glu dh Økafr dh ;k=k ds lkFkh Fks blfy, mudks vius dkfQys dk gqnh[kka dgk gS ½ u jgk vFkkZr nwljs gtk+j o"kksZ dh 'kksHkk vkSj jkSud 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkuh dh e`R;q gks x;hA

lhuk dy rd Fkk eg'kjs vkyke]

of 80

vkt cSBs gSa dSls Qkfjxscky]

th es dksbZ gfol jgh u [;ky]

thuk vkrk gS D;ksa tatky]

t+hurks ts+c vyQ lkuh eqnZ]


HkkokFkZ % dy rd ftu dk efLr"d vk'kkvksa ls Hkjiwj Fkk og vkt iw.kZ :i ls 'kkar gSA eu esa dksbZ pkg vkSj [;ky rd Hkh ugha jgk gSA ge vkSj gekjk ;g thou fcYdqy fujFkZd yx jgk gS D;ksafd nwljs gt+kj o"kksZ dh 'kksHkk vkSj jkSud 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkuh dh eR;q gks x;hA

dcz gks rsjh tc fnys ln pkd]

vkjtw;sa u D;ksa gks rg [kkd]

gks rcnnqy tks ,slk gSjr ukd]

fny u gks vkjtqvksa ls dSls ikd]

t+hurks t+sc vyQ lkuh eqnZ]


HkkokFkZ % rsjh dcz ,slh gS tSls euq"; ds gn; dks lkS LFkkuksa ls phj fn;k gks rks gekjh lc mEehnsa tehu ds vanj nQu gks xbZ gSaA tc bruk cM+k ifjorZu vk x;k gS rks gekjs fny vk'kkvksa ls D;ksa

of 80

[kkyh u gks tk, D;ksafd nwljs gtkj o"kksZ dh 'kksHkk vkSj jkSud 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkuh dh e`R;q gks x;hA

gq, mleku tkes dqjku]

ng c ng rqe Fks dkfle dqjku]

rqe fcyk 'kd Fks ukbcs mleku]

vkt lqulku D;kas u gks eSnku]

thurks tsc vyQ lkuh eqnZ]


HkkokFkZ % gtjr mleku jft bLyke /keZ ds rhljs [kyhQk Fks muls igys dqjku 'kjhQ vyx&vyx VqdM+ksa esa fc[kjh gqbZ Fkh mUgksaus mldks bdëk djds ,d LFkku ij iqLrd dk :i ns fn;kA gtjr jk;iqjh us mldks izR;sd ?kj rd igqapkus dk iz;Ru fd;kA bl egku dk;Z ls gtjr jk;iqjh gt+jr mleku jft+ ds [kyhQk uk;c ¼mi½ ekus tkus yxsA tc dksbZ oLrq ckaVh tkrh gS rks ogka ckaVus okyksa vkSj ysus okyksa dh HkhM+ lh yx tkrh gS ysfdu tc ckaV us okyk pyk tkrk gS rks ekaxus okys Hkh pys tkrs gS ftlls eSnku lwuk lwuk gks tkrk gSSA ;gh n'kk 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkgc dh eR;q ls gks xbZA vc u dksbZ ckaVus okyk jgk vkSj u ysus okyk eSnku lkQ vkSj lqulku gS nwljs gt+kj o"kksZ dh 'kksHkk vkSj jkSud 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkuh dh e`R;q gks x;hA

vkbZ gS ftu cgkj es dks [k+cj ]

of 80

rY[k gh jgsa xs os rk eg'kj]

vgej vc;t gS xe es lc v[ktj]

ekSts dgrh gS le>s dksbZ vxj]]



HkkokFkZ % ftl leqnz ls xqtj dj ;g nq[knkbZ lqpuk vkbZ gS os leqnz bl lwpuk dh dM+okgV ls d;ker rd dM+os gh jgsaxsA yky lkxj vkSj lQsn lkxj gjs gks x,A ;fn dksbZ le>s rks reke ygjsa dgrh gSa fd nks gtkj lky dh 'kksHkk vkSj jkSud 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkuh dh e`R;q gks xbZA

vkrk ;ksjksi esa xe Hkyk ;g dgka]

rsjs fny nknk xj u gksrs ;gka]

fdl ds ?kj gksrk vkudj esgeka]

fdl ls lqurk dgks ;g vkgks Qqxka]



HkkokFkZ % pwafd 'ks[kqy fgUn gt+jr ekSykuk egewn glu lkgc ekyVk dh tsy esa dSn Fks vkSj ekyVk }hi ;ksjksi egk}hi esa gS blfy, dgrs gSa fd ;fn ge ;gka ;qjksi es u gksrs rks ;g vkidk

of 80

xe dgka vkrkA ge rsjs pkgus okys ;gka gS blfy, ;gka vkdj gekjk esgeku gqvk gSA ge u ;gka gksrs rks bldh nq[k Hkjh dgkuh dkSu lqurk D;ksafd nwljs gt+kj o"kksZa dh 'kksHkk vkSj jkSud 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkuh dh e`R;w gks xbZA

lj ij ml dksg dks mBkrk dkSu]

xnZu mlds fy, >qdkrk dkSu]

fny ds vanj mldks fcBkrk dkSu]

i<+ ds ;g jksrk #ykrk dkSu]


'kkg vCnqjZgeh lkuh eqnZ]

HkkokFkZ% gt+jr 'ks[kqy fgan lkgc fy[krs gSa fd vkidk igkM+ksa ls Hkh Hkkjh x+e tks ;gka vk;k mldks dkSu mBkrk vkSj dkSu Fkk tks mlds fy, viuk lj >qdkrk vkSj ml x+e dks vius ân; esa fcBkrkA nwljs gt+kj o"kksZa dh 'kksHkk vkSj jkSud 'kkg vCnqjZgeh lkuh dh eR;w gks xbZA

ge tks bl dksj ng esa vkèkeds]

is'k [ks+es Fks rsjs ekre ds]

ge gh ewful gS rsjs ekre ds]

yc is vkrk gS lkFk gj ne ds]

of 80

t+hurks ts+c vyQ lkuh eqnZ]


HkkokFkZ % gekjk bl mtM+ va/kdkj iw.kZ ns'k esa vkuk rsjs ekre] nq[k vkSj 'kksd ds y{k.k Fks rsjs x+e dks ân; esa fcBkus okys ge gh ;gka gSaA blh dkj.k izR;sd lkal ds lkFk ;gh ckr gksaBksa ij vkrh gS fd nwljs gt+kj o"kksZa dh 'kksHkk vkSj jkSud 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkuh dh e`R;q gks xbZA

rqe us rugk lQj fd;k ;ka ls]

igaqps ij oka tgka gS lc vius]

jge mu ij tks nq'euksa esa Qals]

el x+yk dqN u gks ctqt+ blds]



HkkokFkZ% eu dh O;Fkk dks O;Dr djrs gq, gt+jr 'ks[kqy fgUn dgrs gSa fd rqeus vdsys gh ;gka ls ;k=k vkjaHk dh vkSj tgka lc vius x, gq, gSa muls tk feysA ysfdu ;g rqeus D;k fd;k mu ij n;k gksuh pkfg, tks nq'euksa ds chp esa Qals gq, gSa ftudks bl ckr ds vfrfjDr fdlh ckr ls dksbZ dke ugha fd nwljs gt+kj lkyksa dh 'kksHkk vkSj jkSud 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkuh dh eR;q gks xbZA

NksM+ tkuk gesa vkSj bruh nwj]

of 80

cscl o ykpkj o etcwj]

Fkk ejOor ls vkidh cl nwj]

vc o tqt blds dqN ughaa ednwj]

t+hurksa t+sc vyQ lkuh eqnZ]


HkkokFkZ% 'ks[kqy fgUn Qjekrs gSa fd vki gedks cscl vkSj vlgk; o etcqj NksM+ dj bruh nwj pys x, gSa fd ge vki dh eqjOor vkSj esgjckuh ls cgqr nqj gks x, gSa vc gekjs vUnj blds vfrfjDr dksbZ rkdr ugha jgh fd ;g dgsa fd nwljs gtk+j o"kksZa dh 'kksHkk vkSj jkSud 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkuh dh eR;q gks xbZA

[klrk gkyksa ls ;s lrwng flQkr]

cs fu;kt+h ugha deky dh ckr]

D;ksa u gks fQj g;kr j'ds eekr]

ckoQk tc djs tQ+k gSgkr]

t+hurksa tsc vyQ lkuh eqnZ]


HkkokFkZ % ge VwVs gky yksxksa ls ykijokgh djuk deky dh ckr ugha gS rks vkSj D;k gS vQlksl ;g gekjh ftanxh ekSr dh reUuk

of 80

D;ksa u djs tcfd oQk djus okys csoQkbZ djus yxsA nwljs gt+kj o"kksZa dh 'kksHkk vkSj jkSud 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkuh dh e`R;q gks xbZA

vki ds tCrkss fgYe ls cbZn]

d+Sn gLrh dks le>yks bruk 'knhn]

l[r tkuh gS mudh d+kfcysnhn]

dSn nksgjh vkSj ml ij ;g et+hn]



HkkokFkZ % vki ds /kS;Z vkSj lgu'khyrk ls ;g cgqr nwj dh ckr gS fd thou dh dSn dks vki dBksj le>sA t+++++++ +jk muds thou dks ns[kks fdruk dBksj gS tks nksgjh dSn esa Qals gSa vkSj bl l[rh ds ckotwn ml ij ;g dBksjrk fd nwljs gt+kj lkyksa dh 'kksHkk vkSj jkSud 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkuh dh eR;q gks xbZA

dSn nksgjh vks rsjh fny can]

vki dks ,d Hkh gqbZ u ilUn]

py fn, dSls [kqjZe o [kqlZUn]

eLr eanksa dks NksM+ dj ikcan]


of 80


HkkokFkZ % , nksLr ge rks nksgjh dSn ds vanj viuk thou dkV jgs gSa ysfdu vkidks ,d Hkh dSn ilan ugha vkbZA ge Lora= eLr eyax yksxksa dks NksM+ dj fdl izdkj gedks dSn esa NksM+dj vyx gks x,A nwljs gt+kj o"kksZ dh 'kksHkk vkSj jkSud 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkuh dh e`R;q gks xbZA

rsjs feyus dh ,d reUuk ij]

ft+Unxh tks dj jgs Fks clj]

dfg, vc D;k djsa os [kLrk ftxj]

thuk vkt mUdks D;ksa u gks nwHkj]



HkkokFkZ % dsoy bl ,d reUuk ij fd vkils eqykdkr gksxh ge viuk thou xqtkj jgs FksA vc vki gh crkb, ;g VwVs gq, fny yksx D;k djsa\ viuk thou muds fy, nqHkj D;ksa u gks tcfd nwljs gt+kj o"kksZ dh 'kksHkk vkSj jkSud 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkuh dh eR;q gks xbZA

rw u gks tc tgka esa tyok fQtka]

uhe tka dqN fnuksa ft, Hkh rks D;ka]

of 80

vc fjgkbZ dk Hkh et+k u jgk]

fgan gS ekyVk ls vkt flok]



HkkokFkZ % tc vki bl lalkj esa mifLFkr ugha gSa rks ge vèkejs yksx viuk thou bl lalkj esa fdl izdkj xqtkjsaA vc rks bl dSn[kkus ls NwVus dk Hkh et+k fcYdqy tkrk jgkA Hkkjr tks gekjs fy, LoxZ ds leku gS vc ekyVk tgka ge dSn gSa bl ls Hkh [kjkc gks x;k gSA D;ksafd nwljs gt+kj o"kksZ dh 'kksHkk vkSj jkSud 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkuh dh e`R;q gks xbZA

fgan pyus ls gS fdls badkj]

lj ds cy pyus dks gSa rS;kj]

ij le> ys ;g [kwc vks xe [kkj]

ukj gS tc n;kj gS cs ;kj]



HkkokFkZ % gedks fganqLrku pyus esa u dksbZ vkifÙk gS vkSj u ,rjktA ge rks lj ds cy ogka tkus dks rS;kj cSBs gSa ysfdu , gekjs nq[kksa ds gjus okys xe[kkj ;g ckr rw Hkyh Hkkafr tku ys fd

of 80

ftl ?kj esa dksbZ pkgus okyk ugha gS og ?kj vkx ls Hkjk gqvk gSA ge blh xe esa ty jgs gSa fd nwljs gt+kj o"kksZ dh 'kksHkk vkSj jkSud 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkuh dh eR;q gks xbZA

nnsZ QqdZr esa rsjh :gh fQnkd]

fny gS] x+eukd lhus gS lnpkd]

gSa teha l[r vkSj nwj vQykd]

ukyk gS vkSj ;g 'ksj gljr ukd]



HkkokFkZ % rsjh tqnkbZ ds xe esa esjh vkRek vki ij dqckZu gekjs fny x+eksa ls Hkjs gSa vkSj gekjs lhus esa lSdM+ksa ?kko gSaA t+ehu cM+h dBksj gks xbZ gS vkSj vkleku cgqr Å¡pk mB x;k gS bl vQlksl ukd 'ksj dks i<+dj ge dsoy ;g Qfj;kn djrs gSa fd nwljs gt+kj o"kksZ dh 'kksHkk vkSj jkSud 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkuh dh e`R;q gks xbZA

jk;iqj rq>s Fkk eqfgÙks jtky]

gksrk Fkk gj rjQ ls 'kís jtky]

vgys felz vkSj djk dk Fkk ,d gky]

gks x;k vkt ;g [k+kcksa [;ky]


of 80


HkkokFkZ % vki gh ds dkj.k jk;iqj yksxksa ds vkus dk LFkku FkkA pkjksa vksj ls yksx NksVs cM+s f[kaps pys vkrs FksA 'kgj vkSj xkao dk cl ,d gh gky FkkA ;g lc ckrsa vkt ,d liuk gks xbZ gSa D;ksafd nwljs gt+kj o"kksZ dh 'kksHkk vkSj jkSud 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkuh dh e`R;q gks xbZA

,d ne ls rsjs c Q+T+ys [kqnk]

Fkk og mEeqy d+jk mEesfdjk]

vkt gwa dk edku gS ,d ok]

xwatrh fQjrh gS Q+dr ;g lnk]



HkkokFkZ % vYykg dh d`ik vkSj rqEgkjs gksrs gq, jk;iqj cLrh esgekuksa ds fy, vfrfFk lRdkj dk ,d LFkku FkkA vkt fcYdqy lqulku gw dk vkye cuk gqvk gS dsoy vxj dksbZ vkokt+ lqukbZ nsrh gS rks cl ;gh gS nwljs gt+kj o"kksZ dh 'kksHkk vkSj jkSud 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkuh dh e`R;q gks xbZA

Fkh ges'kk ls rsjh tk, djkj]

tUurqu ekm ugjs gk fenjkj]

of 80

vc og gS ugj p'es nfj;k ckj]

gkFk ey ey ds dgrs gSa v'ktkj]



HkkokFkZ % vki lnSo ,sls LFkku ij jgk djrs Fks tgka tUur dh ugj dk ikuh yxkrkj cgrk jgrk FkkA vkt og ugj ,slh cu xbZ ftldh vka[k ls x+e ds vkalqvksa ds ikuh ds nfj;k cg jgs gSaA ml LFkku ds isM+ksa ds iÙks gkFk ey ey dj ;gh dg jgs gSa fd nwljs gt+kj o"kksZ dh 'kksHkk vkSj jkSud 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkuh dh e`R;q gks xbZA

eqgS;h bYe Fks beke x+tky]

rqe ;s vg;k dqfuUnk , vkeky]

djrs Fks eqnkZ lqUurksa dks cgky]

vkt mudh djsxk dkSu laHkky]



HkkokFkZ % gt+jr beke x+tkyh rks Kku dks thfor djus okys vFkkZr mlds iks"kd Fks ijUrq vki rks Kku ij vkpj.k djds mldks thfor djus okys FksA blds vfrfjDr èkkfeZd vkpj.k vkSj lqUursa

of 80

¼g- eqgEen l- ds rjhds ij dke djuk½ tks lekt ls yqIr gks pqdh Fkh mudks vkius nksckjk lekt esa tkjh fd;kA vc vkids ckn mudks dkSu laHkkysxk\ ;gh nq[k gS fd nwljs gt+kj o"kksZ dh 'kksHkk vkSj jkSud 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkuh dh eR;q gks xbZA

dgrs Fks lqu ds gknls iSge]

djs fdl fdldk xe bykgh ge]

cu x;k lc x+eksa dk vkt ,d x+e]

gks x, ,d x+e esa lc eqnx+e]



HkkokFkZ % reke ?kVuk,a bl nq[k Hkjh ?kVuk dks lqu dj ckj ckj ;g dgrh gSa fd , vYykg ge fdl fdl ?kVuk dk xe mBk,a vkt rks ftrus Hkh x+e Fks ,d LFkku ij bdV~Bs gksdj ,d gh x+e esa lek x, gSaA vkSj og x+e ;g gS fd nwljs gt+kj o"kksZ dh 'kksHkk vkSj jkSud 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkuh dh eR;q gks xbZA

lc x+eksa esa vk xbZ f[+k¶Q+r]

ij rsjs x+e esa c<+ xbZ f'kír]

;g bnx+ke dh gS [k+kfl;r]

uksgk vc ;g gS gks dksbZ vkQr]

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HkkokFkZ % vki ¼'kkg vCnqjZghe lkgc½ dh eR;q dh nq[k Hkjh lwpuk vkus ij gekjs ftrus Hkh x+e vkSj d"V Fks muesa deh vk xbZ ysfdu vkids x+e esa vR;fèkd c<+ksrjh gks xbZA dbZ oLrqvksa ds fey tkus dh ;gh fo'ks"krk gSA gekjs lkeus pkgs ftruk cM+k d"V vk, ysfdu gekjk jksuk èkksuk rks cl vc ;gh jgsxk nwljs gt+kj o"kksZ dh 'kksHkk vkSj jkSud 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkuh dh eR;q gks xbZA

ckjs vgckc dkSu mBk,xk]

vka[kksa ij dkSu mUgsa fcBk,xk]

fQruksa dks dkSu vc gVk,xk]



HkkokFkZ % vkids u jgus ls nksLrksa ij vkifÙk;ksa dk tks cks> iM+ jgk gS vc mldks dkSu mBk,xk rFkk tks b"V fe= ogka tk,axs mudh vkoHkxr dkSu djsxkA vkids fe=ksa dks tks d"V vkdj ?ksjasxs muesa gkFk dkSu cVk,xkA gesa rks ;gh nq[k gS fd nwljs gt+kj o"kksZ dh 'kksHkk vkSj jkSud 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkuh dh e`R;q gks xbZA

:Bksa dks dkSu euk,xk]

VwVksa dks dkSu vc feyk,xk]

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fcxM+ksa dks dkSu vc cuk,xk]

>xM+ksa dks dkSu vc feVk,xk]



HkkokFkZ % vkids u gksus ls :Bksa dks eukus okyk vc dkSu gksxk eueqVko ls tks vkil esa fny VwV tkrs gSa vc mudks dkSu feykus okyk gksxkA vkilh QwV ls tks ckrsa fcxM+ xbZ gSA vc mudks dkSu Bhd djsxk tks my>usa vkSj >xM+s vkil esa my> x;s gSa vc mudks dkSu lqy>k,xk\ gekjk rks ;gh dguk gS fd nwljs gt+kj o"kksZ dh 'kksHkk vkSj jkSud 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkuh dh e`R;q gks xbZA

ge neksa jk; fdl ls yksxs dgks]

e'ojs fdl ls vc djksxs dgks]

jkts fny fdl ls dgksxs dgks]

jk;iqj Hkh dHkh pyksxs dgks]



HkkokFkZ % nksLrksa vc ;g crykvks fd lykg e'ojk vkSj lq>ko fdl ls yksxs vkSj fdl dh jk; ij pyksxsA , fe=ksa rqe vc vius ân; dk Hksn fdl ls dgksxsA vc bl ckr ij lksp fopkj djks

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fd vc dHkh jk;iqj pyus dk izksxzke Hkh cukvksxs fd ughaA D;ksafd nwljs gt+kj o"kksZ dh 'kksHkk vkSj jkSud 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkuh dh eR;q gks xbZA

gks eqckjd rqEgsa c bt+fuYykg]

jgerksa QT+y o dqcsZ gd+ ;k 'kkg]

xqcZr o gljr o fQjkd+ esa vkg]

fonZ viuk rks gS ;g 'kkeks ixkg]



HkkokFkZ % bl vafre Nan esa gt+jr 'ks[kqy fgan ekSykuk egewn glu lkgc 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkgc ds fy, vYykg ls nqvk djrs gq, dgrs gSa fd vYykg ds QT+y vkSj d`ik ls vkidks mldh lehirk fey tk, vkSj og vkidks eqckjd gksA ns'k ls nwj ijns'k ds dSn[kkus ¼ekYVk½ eas cM+h gljr vkSj tqnkbZ dh gkyr esa viuk rks lqcg 'kke ;gh dguk gS fd nwljs gt+kj o"kksZ dh 'kksHkk vkSj jkSud 'kkg vCnqjZghe lkuh dh e`R;q gks xbZA

burs egku O;fDrRo ds O;fDr jk"Vª izsseh lar fdl [kkeks'k thou dks th dj gekjs chp ls pys x,A bl ckr ds fy, bfrgkl fcydqy pqi gSA

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ys[kd dk laf{kIr ifjp;ys[kd dk laf{kIr ifjp;ys[kd dk laf{kIr ifjp;ys[kd dk laf{kIr ifjp; uke%& izksQslj eqgEen lqyseku

tUefrfFk%& lkr tuojh mUuhl lkS mUrkyhl ¼07&01&1939½

tUe LFkku%& xzke ekykgsMh] Mk0 j.Mksy

ft0 lgkjuiqj m0iz0

f'k{kk%& ,e-,- jktuhfr 'kkL= o lekt 'kkL=] ch-,M- vnhc dkfey] lkfgR; jRu] Q+ftys nhu;kr o lkfgR;kyadkj]

dk;Z%& 1975 bZ0 ls 1995 bZ0 rd 'kS[kqy fgUn 'kkS/k laLFkku esa 'kksèkdrkZds in ij dk;Z fd;kA 1975 ls 1995 bZ0 rd ^^fodkl] ikf{kd dk mi laEiknd jgkA 1980 bZ0 ls 1991 rd gt+jr ekSykuk gqlSsu vgen enuh ds lqiq= gt+jr ekSykuk lS;n vj'kn enuh ukft+e rkfyekr nk:y mywe nsocUn o tehvrqy mysek, fgUn ds jk"Vªh; vè;{k ds lkFk feydj dqjku 'kjhQ+ dk fgUnh esa vuqokn vkSj O;k[;k fy[kh] tks tehvrqy myek&,&fgUn us izdkf'kr dh rFkk ftldk foekspu ml le; ds mijk"Vªifr Mk0 'kadj n;ky 'kekZ us 2 fnlEcj 1991 bZ0 dks fQDdh ,fMVksj;e ubZ fnYyh esa fd;kA

1993 bZ0 ls 1999 bZ0 rd ejdtqy ekfjQ laLFkk ds fgUnh foHkkx ds vè;{k in ij dk;Z fd;kA

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1998 bZ0 esa jkcrk vkye&,&bLykeh eDdk vy eqdjZeg ¼lÅnh vjc½ us viuk fof'k"V esgeku cukdj vius ;gka cqyk;k vkSj gt djk;kA

1999 bZ0 ls vkt rd enuh vkbZ-Vh-vkbZ ds iz'kklfud foHkkx esa lsokjr gSaA

iqLrdsa%& ys[kd dh vc rd yxHkx 25 ls vf/kd iqLrdsa izdkf'kr gks pqdh gSaA ftuesa dqN eq[; fuEu izdkj gSaA 1& ekYVk dk dSnh] 2&dqjku 'kjhQ+ vuqokn vkSj O;k[;k] 3&fookg vkSj rykd ds elys] 4&jksts+ ds elys] 5&uekt ds elys] 6&t+dkr ds elys] 7& fdruk egku gS Hkkjr esjk] 8& ,d jk"Vªizseh vkRek] 9& xqykc ds nks Qwy] 10&ge ,d gSa] 11& lrg ls mBrs gq;s] 12& rfDo;rqy bZeku vkfn&vkfnA

i=dkfjr%& i=dkfjrk esa Hkh vkidk cM+k ;ksxnku gSA egku i=dkj J`è; dUgS;k yky feJ izHkkdj ds lkFk mudh ns[k js[k esa yxHkx 25 lky rd fodkl ikf{kd ds milEiknd jgs Hkkjr ds nSfud lkIrkfgd]ikf{kd vkSj ekfld fgUnh mnZw i=ksa esa vkids ys[k Nirs gSaA vkt Hkh vkidh ys[kuh ftUnk gSA vusd laLFkkvksa us vkids dk;Z dks ns[kdj vkidks lEekfur fd;k gSA

orZeku irk& enuh vkbZ-Vh-vkbZ- enuh jksM+ nsocUn 247554

vCnqjZghe lkgc jk;iqjh vCnqjZghe lkgc jk;iqjh jk;iqjh · xxa kgs h d s lkFk ita yk'kk tkdj gkth...

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Transcript of vCnqjZghe lkgc jk;iqjh vCnqjZghe lkgc jk;iqjh jk;iqjh · xxa kgs h d s lkFk ita yk'kk tkdj gkth...