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VATICAN CITY STATE


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Vatican City is landlocked sovereign city-state whose territory consists of a

walled enclave within the city of Rome, Italy.

It has an area of approximately 44 hectares (0,44

km), and a population of just over 800. This makes

Vatican City the smallest independent city in the

world by both area and population.


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The Vatican climate is the same as Rome's; a

temperate, Mediterranean climate with mild, rainy

winters from September to mid-May and hot, dry

summers from May to August.


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Political system

The government of Vatican City has a uniquestructure. The Pope is the sovereign of the state.

Legislative authority is vested in the Pontifical

Commission for Vatican City State, a body of

cardinals appointed by the Pope for five-yearperiods.

Papa Benedict XVI
http://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papa_Benedict_XVIhttp://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papa_Benedict_XVIhttp://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papa_Benedict_XVIhttp://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papa_Benedict_XVIhttp://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papa_Benedict_XVI


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Executive power is in the hands of the President ofthat commission, assisted by the General Secretary

and Deputy General Secretary. The state's foreign

relations are entrusted to the Holy See's Secretariat

of State and diplomatic service. Nevertheless, thepope has full and absolute executive, legislative

and judicial power over Vatican City. He is currently

the only absolute monarch in Europe.


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Vatican City State was established in 1929 by

the Lateran Treaty.

Patti Lateranensi was signed by Italy and church.According to this treaty it was accepted which official

language was Catholic and Rome was holy city.


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The Vatican citizenry consists almost entirely of two

groups: clergy, most of whom work in the service of

the Holy See, and a very few as officials of the

state; and the Swiss Guard.


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SWISS GUARD

Swiss Guards are the Swiss soldiers who have

served as bodyguards, ceremonial guards,

and palace guards at foreign European courts since

the late 15th century. Apart from household and

guard units, regularSwiss mercenary regiments have served as line

troops in various armies; notably those

of France, Spain and Naples up to the 19th century.

In contemporary usage, the name SwissGuards generally refers to the Pontifical Swiss

Guard of Holy See.


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Vatican City is home to some of the most famous

art in the world.


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St. Peter's Basilica, whose successive architects

include Bramante, Michelangelo,Giacomo dell

Porta, Maderno and Bernini, is a renowned workof Renaissance architecture.


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The Sistine Chapel is famous for its frescos, which

include works by Perugino, Domenico

Ghirlandaio and Botticelli as well as

the ceiling and Last Judgement by Michelangelo.

Artists who decorated the interiors of the Vatican

include Raphael and Fra Angelico.


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Vatican has 200 magazines and news. It is

published weekly and monthly. Also it has 154 radio

stations or emission. In addition there are 49 tvchannels or cable tv.


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The Vatican Gardens have been a place of quiet

and meditation for the Popes ever since 1279 when

Nicholas III moved his residence back to theVatican from the Lateran Palace.


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QUESTIONS

1) Which Hollywood movie is about the Vatican?

2) Today what is name of the pope ?

3) Was the Vatican City established by who ?

4) How many years is the pope duty ?


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