1. 1. VARIOUS KINDS OF LEADERS POWER
2. 2. OBJECTIVES Ability to identify and use different kinds of power. Learn about various leaders power. To understand how others view power.
3. 3. SEVEN DIFFERENT KINDS OF POWER USING POWER FROM POSITION VS. POWER FROM PERSON POSITION PERSON Position power: Derived from top management and is delegated down the chain of command. Personal power: Derived from the follower based on the individuals behaviour. Leaders derive power from their positions and personalities.
4. 4. THE SOURCE OF POWER InformationLegitimateConnection ExpertReferentRewardCoercive POSITION PERSON 4
5. 5. POWER FROM POSITION Based on fear. Involves threats and/or punishment to influence compliance. Followers believe that failure to comply will lead to punishments. This is the power to force someone to do something against their will. It is often physical although other threats may be used. It is the power of dictators, despots and bullies. Coercion can result in physical harm, although its principal goal is compliance. Demonstrations of harm are often used to illustrate what will happen if compliance is not gained. Coercive POSITION
6. 6. POWER FROM POSITION A common trap that people in such roles can fall into is to forget that people are obeying the position, not them. When they either fall from power or move onto other things, it can be a puzzling surprise that people who used to fawn at your feet no long do so. Coercive POSITION
7. 7. POWER FROM POSITION Based on the leaders connections with influential or important persons inside or outside the organization. Based on the users relationship with influential people. Induces compliance because others aim at gaining favour. When an individual has a connection with someone important or powerful, they are said to possess the power of connection and may have substantial influence on others despite them not directly having any other forms of power. If you are connected to the manager of the organisation, your workmates give you respect. It is also common with political connections especially in those parastatal organisations that have (had?) very high political aroma. POSITIONConnection
8. 8. POWER FROM POSITION Based on the users ability to influence others with something of value to them. In this case the leader has the ability to provide rewards for other people. One of the main reasons we work is for the money we need to conduct our lives. There are many more forms of reward -- in fact anything we find desirable can be a reward, from a million dollar yacht to a pat on the back. Reward power is thus the ability to give other people what they want, and hence ask them to do things for you in exchange. Rewards can also be used to punish, such as when they are withheld. The promise is essentially the same: do this and you will get that. POSITIONReward
9. 9. Based on the users position power given by the organisation, the position held by the leader. The power of the leader is accepted by those who are the power is aimed at. The higher the position, the more legitimate power a leader will gain from the position. Legitimate power is that which is invested in a role. Kings, policemen and managers all have legitimate power if the others accept their role. The legitimacy may come from a higher power. Legitimate power can often thus be the acceptable face of raw power. PERSONPOSITION Legitimate
10. 10. POWER WITHIN PERSON Based on the users personal power relationship with others and the leaders personal traits. Leaders scoring high referent power are generally liked and admired. This is the power from another person liking you or wanting to be like you. It is the power of charisma and fame and is wielded by all celebrities (by definition) as well as more local social leaders. In wanting to be like these people, we stand near them, hoping some of the charisma will rub off onto us. Those with referent power can also use it for coercion. One of the things we fear most is social exclusion, and all it takes is a word from a social leader for us to be shunned by others in the group. ReferentPERSON
11. 11. POWER WITHIN PERSON Based on the leaders possession of information that is perceived as valuable. Based on data desired by others. We may be looking for some information, which another person has or has access to, and that information is may be so valuable to our own job or success. The person having that information may influence our behaviour in the sense we have to comply with his or her wishes in order to access for them to make it available to us PERSON Information
12. 12. POWER WITHIN PERSON Based on the users skills and knowledge, which gain the respect of others. When I have knowledge and skill that someone else requires, then I have Expert power. This is a very common form of power and is the basis for a very large proportion of human collaboration, including most companies where the principle of specialization allows large and complex enterprises to be undertaken. PERSON Expert
13. 13. SUMMARY Based on fear Based on Iinks with important people Based on rewards, pay, promotion, or recognition Based on position Based on access to information Based on personal traits Based on the Ieaders skill and knowledge COERCIVE POWER CONNECTION POWER REWARD POWER LEGITIMATE POWER INFORMATION POWER REFERENT POWER EXPERT POWER POSITIONPERSON
14. 14. KEY MESSAGE Use full spectrum of your power. Formal power goes within the position but informal power goes within the person.
15. 15. Do you have access to all spectrum of power? Which one do you over use? Which one you dont use at all? What to know more: contact us http://www.develor.sk/