Variety Testing Hybrid Testing Dr. Chad Lee Grain Crops Extension Specialist (859) 257-3203...
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Transcript of Variety Testing Hybrid Testing Dr. Chad Lee Grain Crops Extension Specialist (859) 257-3203...
Variety TestingVariety TestingHybrid TestingHybrid Testing
Dr. Chad LeeGrain Crops Extension Specialist(859) 257-3203 [email protected]/Ag/GrainCrops/
Grain Crops Extension University of Kentucky
Chad Lee © 2004
Seed Costs
• The difference in seed cost between a high yielding variety and a low yielding variety can be as little as:
Grain Crops Extension University of Kentucky
a. $10
b. $0
c. $15
d. $20
Differences Between Hybrids2003 Kentucky Corn Performance Tests
<112 RM 113-117 RM >118 RM
High (bu/A) 219.7 233.6 209.8
Low (bu/A) 180.1 185.4 182.4
Diff. (bu/A) 39.6 48.2 27.4
Price ($) / Bu $2.20 $2.20 $2.20Diff. ($) / A $87.12 $106.04 $60.28 By 100 acres $8,712 $10,604 $6,028 By 500 acres $43,560 $53,020 $30,140 By 1,000 acres $87,120 $106,040 $60,280
Grain Crops Extension University of Kentucky
Differences Between Soybean Varieties
2003 Kentucky Soybean Performance TestsMG III MG IV MG V
High (bu/A) 63.9 68.4 70.0
Low (bu/A) 53.1 56.0 52.2
Diff. (bu/A) 10.8 12.4 17.8
Price ($) / Bu $5.80 $5.80 $5.80Diff. ($) / A $62.64 $71.92 $103.24 By 100 acres $6,264 $7,192 $10,324 By 500 acres $31,320 $35,960 $51,620 By 1,000 acres $62,640 $71,920 $103,240
Corn Hybrid Improvement
Kentucky Average Yield (bu/A)
<112 RM 113-117 RM >118 RM
2003 (Top) 219.7 233.6 209.8
1998 (Top) 190.3 176.6 185.5
Difference 29.4 57.0 24.3
Grain Crops Extension University of Kentucky
Based on Kentucky Corn Hybrid Performance Tests
Soybean Variety Improvement
Kentucky Average Yield (bu/A)
MG III MG IV MG V
2003 (Top) 63.9 68.4 70.0
1998 (Top) 50.8 53.2 46.0
Difference 13.1 15.2 24.0
Grain Crops Extension University of Kentucky
Based on Kentucky Soybean Performance Tests
Performance Trials• Goal: Identify varieties/hybrids with high yield
potential.• Method: Assess all entries as fairly and as
unbiased as possible over multiple environments.– No one can predict the weather for next season– Multiple environments are the best method: look at
yield stability
• Strengths: Fair, unbiased test.• Limitations: No test is 100% accurate.
Grain Crops Extension University of Kentucky
Randomized placement of hybrids, replications at each site
Rep 3 HYB D HYB C HYB A HYB E HYB B
Rep 2 HYB B HYB A HYB E HYB C HYB D
Rep 1 HYB A HYB B HYB C HYB D HYB E
Grain Crops Extension University of Kentucky
Replications Make a Difference
Trials SitesReps /
SiteTotal Reps
Two Years
Three Years
KY Soybean Trials
5 2 10 20 30
KY Corn Trials 7 3 21 42 63
KY Wheat Trials 6 4 24 48 72
Demo Trials 1 1 1 2 3
Grain Crops Extension University of Kentucky
Selecting Hybrids: significant differences
• Yield is affected by the interaction of environment and genetics
• Several hybrids/varieties may have slightly different yields.
• But those differences may due to environment (variability in the field).
• Significant difference helps separate yield differences generated by variability in the field from difference in genetics
Grain Crops Extension University of Kentucky
11
Table 5M-1YR. Annual Summary, 2006, Medium Hybrids (113-117 Days to Maturity), All Locations
YIELD YIELD
BU/AC BU/AC
BRAND/HYBRID 2006 BRAND/HYBRID 2006
PIONEER 33R81(YGCB/RR2) 197.0 * AX1143 192.5 *
DEKALB DKC63-46(RR2/YGCB) 196.5 * ADLER 8215YGCB/RR 192.4 *
CROWS 5131B 196.4 * TRISLER 5337RRCB 191.7 *
CROPLAN GENETICS 731HX/LL 195.2 * CAVERNDALE CF884 190.7 *
BELLE 1533Y 195.0 * BECKS 7916CBRR 190.6 *
PIONEER BRAND 33Y45 194.9 * DYNA-GRO 57P12 190.5 *
DEKALB DKC64-81(YGCB) 194.9 * AGRIGOLD A6622 190.5 *
GARST 8350YG1 194.3 * SO. STATES 777RR2YGPL 190.2 *
PIONEER 33P70(YGCB/RR2) 194.1 * GOLDEN HARVEST L-9H63BT 190.2 *
DEKALB DKC66-23(RR2/YGCB) 193.9 * SEED CONSULTANTS SC11H76 189.7 *
AGRIGOLD A6633BT 193.5 * SEED CONSULTANTS SC11BR45 189.1 *
BECKS 5816CBRR 192.5 *
MEDIUM AVERAGE 185.3
LSD (0.10) 8.1
TOP YIELDS
Questions
Grain Crops Extension University of Kentucky
CornCorn
Dr. Chad LeeGrain Crops Extension Specialist(859) 257-3203 [email protected]/Ag/GrainCrops/
Grain Crops Extension University of Kentucky
Chad Lee © 2004
Corn Hybrid Traits
• RR: Roundup Ready: glyphosate resistance• CL: Clearfield: Lightning resistance• LL: Liberty Link: glufosinate resistance• YGCB: YieldGard Corn Borer: corn borer resistance• YGRW: YieldGard Root Worm: root worm resistance• HX: Herculex: corn borer, cutworm, armyworm, earworm
resistance• Bt: corn borer resistance• YG1: YieldGard: corn borer resistance
Grain Crops Extension University of Kentucky
One Acre
• 1 acre = 43,560 square feet• 1/100th of an acre = 435.6 square feet• 1/1,000th of an acre = 43.56 square feet
Grain Crops Extension University of Kentucky
17.424 ft (17 ft 5 inches)
2.5 ft
1/1000th acre:in corn rows that are 30-inches (2.5 ft) wide:
Row Width(inche
s)
Length of Row
to Count
No. of
Plants in Row
Mult.Factor
Plants per acre
40 13’ 1” X 1,00038 13’ 9” x 1,00036 14’ 6” x 1,00030 17’ 5” x 1,00020 26’ 2” x 1,00015 34’ 10” x 1,000
Grain Crops Extension University of Kentucky
Population A Population B
Hybrid AxB Seed
Population A Population B
Farmer Plants Hybrid AxB Seed
Population A
Population A
Population A
Farmer Plants Population A Seed
Open-Pollinated Corn
Hybrid Corn
Grain Crops Extension University of Kentucky
Open-Pollinated Corn
Hybrid Corn
Lower vigorLower pest toleranceLower stress toleranceLower yieldsLower seed costs
Higher vigorHigher pest toleranceHigher stress toleranceHigher yieldsHigher seed costs
Grain Crops Extension University of Kentucky
Open-Pollinated Corn
Hybrid Corn
193012,000 plants/AState AverageYield: 30 bu/acre(1,680 lbs/acre = 0.84 tons/acre)
200428,000 plants/AState AverageYield: 140 bu/acre(7,840 lbs/acre = 3.92 tons/acre)
Grain Crops Extension University of Kentucky
0
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Corn Yield (Bushels per Acre) Corn Yield (Total Bushels x 1000)
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Questions
Grain Crops Extension University of Kentucky