Van Bommel lession

8/18/2019 Van Bommel lession

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Wout van Bommel Lighting Consultant, 2009

Road lighting in the light of the future

Wout van BommelCIE Board

IDA Board

Fudan University, Shanghai


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Background for future guidelines

Why Road Lighting?

Quality and Quantity of light, Where light, When light?


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Why Road Lighting?

• traffic safety

• traffic flow

• personal security and orientation

• identity and prestige


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Why: Road Safety

Visibility of objects

source: Philips, 1955


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Luminance concept


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visibility of objects

Own car lighting



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dynamic turning beam dynamic in-turning beam

AFS: Adaptive Front lighting System

source: Audi, Nissan, Hella, Philips

visibility of objects

motorway beam town beam wet weather beam

oncoming traffic beam

conventional beam dipped beam


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IR night vision assistance

source: Mercedes


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Why: Neurological aspects

source: Alain Muzet, 2003


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6 min 12

source: Régis Mollard, 2003

no rest before drive

micro sleep

Neurological aspects

CumulativeMinutes

10

5

0

Motorway Brussels-Lyon: 440 km


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Why: Traffic flow


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Why: Personal security

recognition of faces

source: van Bommel, Caminada, 1980


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Why Road Lighting?

Move from:

• motorized traffic safetytowards

• traffic guidance and traffic flow

• personal security and orientation

• identity and prestige


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Quality and Quantity

Visual ergonomy

source: Vos, Padmos, 1979

30 % cleanersource: Sphinks


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Visual ergonomy: more light or ….??


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Visual ergonomy: more light or ….??

source: Anke Padmos, 2008

Alert Zebra (Pilot Rotterdam)


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traffic flow

source: Fisher, Hall, 1986


time to detect


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0,1 1 10

10

5

2

1

t (sec)

Lav(cd/m2

)

0,1 m/sec2

3,25 m/sec2

source: Fisher, Hall, 1986

traffic flow



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Personal security

feeling of security at a parking area

source: Boyce, 2000

0 10 20 30 40 50E av, hor (lux)

6

4

2

0

Day/nightratio

Albany,USA


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source: van Bommel, Caminada, 1980



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15

10

5

0

0 1 2 3 4

dface (m)

E½cyl (lux)

source: van Bommel, Caminada 1980

4




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Colour of light

White light and colour rendering


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15

10

5

0

0 1 2 3 4

Colour rendering and recognition of faces

dface (m)

E½cyl (lux)

van Bommel:

‘white’ Ra=40

source: Raynham, 2003

Raynham:

‘yellow’ Ra =25


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Cones and rods

Off-line vision(periphere)

On-line vision

retina

Rods

Cones

Fovea


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Beek – Geleen Netherlands

Quantity and QualityColour of light


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Colour of light and efficiency

400 450 500 550 600 650 700

source: CIE

Brainard

0

Cones

0.5

1.0


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Cones and rods

Off-line vision(periphere)

On-line vision

retina

Rods

Cones

Fovea


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Colour of light and efficiency

400 450 500 550 600 650 700

source: CIE

Brainard

0

Conescentral

Rodsperiphere

0.5

1.0

Blue and green: better peripheral visionBlue + Yellow = white


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E½ sphere

Where light


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residential street lighting luminaire



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Where light


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Light pollution

Light on

facades and

people

Sky glow

% of luminaire output above horizon

Evert and I

Limits: CIE Publication


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When light

Intelligent, dynamic lightingOnly when needed !

MAINSSEGMENT

KAST

OLC OLC

OLC


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CIE draft Publication 115: Road Lighting: weighting factors

Parameter Options

Weighting

Factor WF

Low 1

Very low (walking speed) 0Very high 1

High 0.5

Moderate 0

Low -0.5

Very low -1

Pedestrians, cyclists and motorized traffic1

Pedestrians and motorized traffic 0.5

Pedestrians and cyclists only 0.5

Pedestrians only 0

Cyclists only 0

Present 0.5Not present 0

Very high 1

High 0.5

Moderate 0

Low -0.5

Very low -1

Ambient

luminance

Speed

Traffic volume

Trafficcomposition

Parked

vehicles

in Europe:

Intelligent lightingaccording CIE 115:

- 7

Power stations*

* of 2 TWh/yr



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Thank you for your attention

source: city.people.light


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Thank you for your attention

Wout van Bommel

Lighting Consultant

www.woutvanbommel.eu

Van Bommel lession

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