V Encuentros de Centros de Documentación de Arte Contemporáneo ARTIUM - Martin Flynn
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Transcript of V Encuentros de Centros de Documentación de Arte Contemporáneo ARTIUM - Martin Flynn
Closing the Gap – Maximising the Potential of Technological Innovation for the Discovery and Delivery of Art Information
V Conference – ARTIUM, 4 November 2010
Martin Flynn
V&A - Home of National Art Library
2
Themes
Technological innovation – some general observations
Art institutional websites
Aggregated websites
Library catalogues
Commercial publishing
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4
Phases of Implementing New Technology
Adoption
Adaptation
Absorption
Time lag for full understanding
5
New Technology in Action – Some Examples
Early printed books
Mobile Phones
TV/Video
Digital Radio
Interactive Digital TV
6
Early Printed Books
Hybrid model of print
and painting
Mimicking manuscript
techniques
7
Mobile/Cell Phones
Executive status
Landline on the move
Adoption by teenagers unanticipated
Texting a minor feature
Camera, video, music, internet, apps unanticipated
8
First Mobile Phone
‘
9
Television Recording
Logical combination of equipment but not generally marketed
Separation allows for greater sales through updates
10
DAB Radio
Considered to be the future of radio
Large investment by BBC
Failed to achieve quality of FM
Required new player
Didn’t fully anticipate online listening
11
HD Radio
Now seen as way forward for
radio broadcasting
Reflects general
developments in media
access
12
Interactive Digital TV
Firmly believed that this was the
way forward about ten years
ago
Resistance from users
Remote control lacked the
flexibility of keyboard
Slowness of operation
Institutional Websites – Comparison Between British Museum and V&A
BM has 2 million catalogue entries for online for their print collection
30% of these have one or more image attached i.e. over half a million
images
Achieved through integrating into workflow of all staff
Difficult to find on website as requires user to know organisational
structure and professional terminology
Images not searchable through the image function of search engines
Some poor quality images i.e. text within them is unreadable
Engages with users by welcoming their input
13
Sample page from BM
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The Victoria and Albert Museum (V&A)
1 million catalogue entries for a range of museum objects online
13% of these have images attached i.e. about 130k images
Dedicated and project staff undertake this work so most staff are not
directly engaged with the full process
Images are searchable through the image function of search engines
Presentation is very attractive
Metadata is extremely variable
No engagement with users – a one way process
15
Sample Page from V&A
16
Challenges
Duplication of effort and content
No integrated searching of books, museum objects and archives
Poor subject searching
Lack of linking to book catalogues
Invisibility within organisational website
17
Aggregated Websites
VADS (Visual Arts Data Service)
Kultur Project – institutional repository
Culture Online
Every Object Tells a Story
24 Hour Museum
Intute
Aggregated Websites
Suncat
Copac
artlibraries.net
WorldCat
OCLC
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VADS
KULTUR
Culture Online
Every Object Tells a Story
24 Hour Museum
intute
V&A Website as a Comparison
SUNCAT
RLUK - COPAC
OCLC - WorldCat
OCLC
72k library members out of 1.2m libraries worldwide
Net scale ambitions
170m records (a third of these added in the last 18 months)
15.5b books in libraries
5k transactions per second in libraries across the world
See the choice as between collective innovation and silo cottage
industry
National Art Library Catalogue
31
National Art Library Catalogue
32
33
Catalogue Problems
Contents invisible to search engines
Process of cataloguing is complex
and difficult to master
Users struggle to understand
catalogues
Duplication of effort in catalogue
creation
Doubt about whether the current
model of localised catalogues is
sustainable
34
Catalogue Problems
Automated versions of card catalogues
Lack the enhanced features users have come to expect
Printed materials to the exclusion of digital formats
Confusing search methods
Poorly organised results
Search dead-ends
Catalogues are effectively over-engineered
35
The Catalogue of the Future
Re-use data available at the point of
selection or automatically generate
this information
Manual data creation should be
reserved for ordering, receiving,
claiming and cataloguing for those
situations in which it is the only
viable approach
Local customization eliminated in
favour of accepting as much
cataloguing copy as possible
36
The Catalogue of the Future
Assist the searcher by providing hints and suggestions in a commercially disinterested way
Abandon local catalogues in favour of unified catalogues based on sectoral, national, trans-national or subject parameters
Catalogues should understand the common use of terms and weigh results towards these
37
The Catalogue of the Future
It should be possible to refine a search through faceted navigation, filtering your results in multiple ways
Link to LibraryThing to take advantage of their 16 million user generated tags
The fast turnaround and delivery of library materials to the users should be the standard of quality service, not the fullness of catalogue data
Abandon comprehensive LCSH subject analysis in favour of subject keywords
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The Catalogue of the Future
Customised cataloguing effort
should be concentrated on rare
and unique special material
‘More like this’
New book lists
Reviews
Best-match retrieval
No search dead-ends
‘See also’ and ‘see instead’
39
The Catalogue of the Future
Relevancy ranking
Subject guides
Items tagged according to their
level e.g. suitable for beginners,
domain experts etc
Summaries/excerpts highly
visible in the catalogue
40
The Catalogue of the Future
Links to further information such as Wikipedia, specialist web pages and library resources
Links to full text, abstracts etc
Information on how and where to obtain a copy or facsimile
Journal contents catalogued
41
The Catalogue of the Future
The discovery of books, journals, journal articles and digital resources should be federated
Links to citations and reviews
Tables of contents, cover images
and blurbs
Faceted navigation enabling the
filtering of results in multiple ways
Example of Hard Copy/Digitally Published Product
Physical format drawbacks – very
small print, poor paper quality, old-
fashioned notion of who is important
in today’s world
Costs approximately 230 euros
annually for book
Online version also available for a
further 230 euros but you must buy
the book as well!
Publishers veering between panic
and denial
ARLIS UK & Ireland – Art Libraries Society
Arlis UK & Ireland
Operating for 40 years
A model for other similar societies in Scandanavia, Australia, US etc
International status
Employ an administrator
Fee based
Income declining
Operational basis under threat
MLAG – Museum Librarians and Archivists Group
MLAG
Operating for 8 years
No fees
All activity voluntary
Cheap but mainly free courses
Blog rather than website
Share membership with ARLIS but different cultures affect
organisational behaviour
Expanding role and influence