V 1.0 OE NIK, 2014 1 PHP+SQL EXPECTATIONS. V 1.0 Schedule (Lessons) OE NIK, 2014 2 1Expectations,...

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PHP+SQLEXPECTATIONS

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1 Expectations, HTML Intro

2 Control Structures

3 Array, Strings, Calculators

4 File management, Guestbook

5 Session storage, Login

6 Forum

7 TEST 1

8 PHP+SQL basic usage

9 CRUD 1

10 CRUD 2 (??? TDK ???)

11 CMS

12 TEST 2

13 ExtraZH / Project Presentation

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4 THEOREMS HW request (for points in test 1)

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6 THEOREMS HW deadline

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8 TOPIC + ER request

9 TOPIC + ER deadline, DB + ACTION PLAN request

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11 DB + ACTION PLAN deadline

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13PROJECT+PROJECT DOCS DEADLINE (.FR)OTHERS: IN EXAM

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WARNING• A small level of HTML/SQL and basic programming

knowledge is presumed. Otherwise, you’ll need extra time of preparation on your own!

• 3 ECTS = 3*30 hours = 90 hours

• 13*3*45 minutes = 1755 minutes = 30 hours

• That means 60 hours of work AT HOME

• ~20 hours of preparation before the 1st test, ~20 hours of preparation before the 2nd test, ~20 hours of preparation for the project

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Expectations

• Two tests within the semester– 1. PHP basic structures and algorithms– 2. PHP+MySQL CRUD + Query exercises

(extra points are calculated into the second test)

• Project exercise:– A custom management interface for anything you

want– At least 3 tables (connector tables not included)– Not advised: a book/dvd/vhs rental webpage– Authentication (guest/not-logged-in + admin)

required, authorization/rbac is not– Aim for total HTML/PHP separation 5OE NIK, 2014

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Project

• Create database that can be used with the PHP project:– Choose a topic– Create ER diagram to plan the data (at least three

inter-connected entities)– Create the table structure diagram

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Project• Documentation

– Task description– Diagrams / Database description– "Action plan"– Description of noteworthy algorithms– Only in PDF!

• Source code– Full PHP/HTML/CSS/SQL source– Students will be asked to write small add-ons for

the given project

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Project• Everything must be sent in email, compressed into

ZIP/ARJ/RAR/7Z/GZ/BZ format• [email protected] , use [PHP] in the

subject!• Deadline: the day before the presentation, MIDNIGHT

• Presentation:– For French students: presentation MUST BE on the

last lesson (? 13rd of May)– For other students: presentation can be on any of

the exam dates, or during the last lesson (13th of May, only if both tests are successful)

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PHP+SQL1.

HTML IntroductionHTML RenderingHTML TagsCSS, JSExamples

(source: w3schools.com)

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PHP+SQL1.


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MVC• Model – View –

Controller: separated layers

• HTML: format to describe content shown in browsers

• HTML3: content + style together

• HTML4: mixed (chaos)• HTML5: only content +

CSS: style „The Right Way” 11OE NIK, 2014

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HTML

• HTML is used to describe the content of webpages• HTML = Hyper Text Markup Language • HTML is NOT a programming language, but it is a

markup language • A markup language's tokens are markup tags, the

different language's are different in the possible tags and the different rules and restrictions: XML , SGML, HTML, SVG

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HTML

• The HTML tags are sorrounded by < and > letters, e.g. <html> (which marks the starting point of the document)

• The HTML tags usually come in pairs, like <html> and </html> (starting and end point of the document, opener and closer tags)

• Comments: • Most of the HTML tags can include other HTML tags

and/or attributes (inline vs. block elements)• <head>: Meta tags (invisible content) SEO,

Pagerank• <body>: Displayed content

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HTML<html><head> <title>Page title</title> </head>

<body><h1>My First Heading</h1><p>My first paragraph</p>

<a href="http://www.w3schools.com">This is a link</a>

<br ><img src="w3schools.jpg" width="104" height="142"> <hr/></body></html>

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HTML• HTML entity: &entity_name; OR &#entity_number;

– < > & ©• References:

– Absolute (<img src=‘/path/to/file.jpg’>)– Relative (<img src=‘path/to/file.jpg’>)– External (using protocol definition) (<img

src=‘http://index.hu/path/file.jpg’>)– The trailing slash can be important: <a

href=‘path/to/dir’> vs <a href=‘path/to/dir/’> small things can affect the performance

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HTML

• HTML vs. XHTML: different level of strictness, different complexity and behavior of the browser (XHTML is better and simpler to render – documents are not expected to be valid now [valid vs. well-formed])

• There are several approaches and ways to do the same thing (e.g. align to center: HTML3: <center> HTML4: <p align=‘center’> <p style=‘text-align:center’> HTML5: ONLY style/CSS)

• Various browsers interpret and implement the standards in different ways ???

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ACID1: HTML+CSS1 (1998)

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ACID2: HTML + CSS2.1 + PNG

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ACID2

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ACID2 (2005) and the browsers• Safari 2.0.2 (Webkit, 31/OCT/2005), Konqueror 3.5

(KHTML, 29/NOV/2005), Chrome 1 (Webkit/KHTML, 11/DEC/2008)

• Opera 9 (Presto, 20/JUN/2006)• FF3 (Gecko, 17/JUN/2008)• IE8 (Trident, 19/MAR/2009)

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ACID3: HTML + DOM + JS

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ACID3 (2008) and the browsers• Safari 4 (8/JUN/2009), Chrome 4 (25/JAN/2010)• Opera 10 (01/SEP/2009)• FF4 (22/MAR/2011)• IE8 (20/100), IE9 beta: 32/100 (18/NOV/2009) , 95/100

(04/AUG/2010)• IE9: 17/SEP/2011 (100 points, but incorrect shadow)

• From the browsers above, ONLY the Webkit-based browsers (Chrome, Safari, Epiphany/WEB) fulfill the performance requirement (continous animation without breaks and stops)

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ACID4?

• More SVG, CSS3; less JS• Multicol layout, special backgrounds (e.g.

transients, background-combinations)• Subpixel/Sub-line accuracy WaSP dismissed as of 2013, future doubtful...

What can we learn from the ACID tests: every browser ********!

But the user/client will NEVER blaim the browser, only the programmer…

It is not enough to know the standards, we must also be familiar with the browsers

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COLORS000000 000033 000066 000099 0000CC 0000FF

003300 003333 003366 003399 0033CC 0033FF

006600 006633 006666 006699 0066CC 0066FF

009900 009933 009966 009999 0099CC 0099FF

00CC00 00CC33 00CC66 00CC99 00CCCC 00CCFF

00FF00 00FF33 00FF66 00FF99 00FFCC 00FFFF

330000 330033 330066 330099 3300CC 3300FF

333300 333333 333366 333399 3333CC 3333FF

336600 336633 336666 336699 3366CC 3366FF

339900 339933 339966 339999 3399CC 3399FF



660000 660033 660066 660099 6600CC 6600FF

663300 663333 663366 663399 6633CC 6633FF

666600 666633 666666 666699 6666CC 6666FF

669900 669933 669966 669999 6699CC 6699FF



990000 990033 990066 990099 9900CC 9900FF

993300 993333 993366 993399 9933CC 9933FF

996600 996633 996666 996699 9966CC 9966FF

999900 999933 999966 999999 9999CC 9999FF



CC0000 CC0033 CC0066 CC0099 CC00CC CC00FF




CCCC00 CCCC33 CCCC66 CCCC99 CCCCCC CCCCFF

CCFF00 CCFF33 CCFF66 CCFF99 CCFFCC CCFFFF

FF0000 FF0033 FF0066 FF0099 FF00CC FF00FF




FFCC00 FFCC33 FFCC66 FFCC99 FFCCCC FFCCFF

FFFF00 FFFF33 FFFF66 FFFF99 FFFFCC FFFFFF

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HTML ATTRIBUTES

Attribute Value Description

class class_name The class of the element

id (vs. name)

id_name A unique id for the element

style style_definition An inline style definition

title tooltip_text A text to display in a tool tip

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HTML4 (HTML5)Tag Description

<b> Defines bold text ( strong)

<big> Defines big text ( style)

<em> Defines emphasized text

<i> Defines italic text ( em)

<small> Defines small text ( style)

<strong> Defines strong text

<sub> Defines subscripted text

<sup> Defines superscripted text

<ins> Defines inserted text

<del> Defines deleted text ( strike)

<u> Underlined ( style)

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http://www.w3schools.com/tags/tag_font_style.asp


http://www.w3schools.com/tags/tag_phrase_elements.asp



http://www.w3schools.com/tags/tag_phrase_elements.asp

http://www.w3schools.com/tags/tag_sup.asp

http://www.w3schools.com/tags/tag_sup.asp

http://www.w3schools.com/tags/tag_ins.asp

http://www.w3schools.com/tags/tag_del.asp

http://www.w3schools.com/tags/tag_u.asp

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LISTS

<ul> <li>Coffee</li> <li>Milk</li></ul>

<ol> <li>Coffee</li> <li>Milk</li></ol>

<dl> <dt>Coffee</dt> <dd>Black hot drink</dd> <dt>Milk</dt> <dd>White cold drink</dd></dl>

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Tag Description

<form> Defines a form for user input

<input> Defines an input field

<textarea> Defines a text-area (a multi-line text input control)

<label> Defines a label to a control

<fieldset> Defines a fieldset

<legend> Defines a caption for a fieldset

<select> Defines a selectable list (a drop-down box)

<option> Defines an option in the drop-down box

<button> Defines a push button30OE NIK, 2014

http://www.w3schools.com/tags/tag_form.asp

http://www.w3schools.com/tags/tag_input.asp

http://www.w3schools.com/tags/tag_textarea.asp

http://www.w3schools.com/tags/tag_label.asp

http://www.w3schools.com/tags/tag_fieldset.asp

http://www.w3schools.com/tags/tag_legend.asp

http://www.w3schools.com/tags/tag_select.asp

http://www.w3schools.com/tags/tag_option.asp

http://www.w3schools.com/tags/tag_button.asp

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FORMS<form>First name:<input type="text" name="firstname" /><br />Last name:<input type="text" name="lastname" /></form>

<form><input type="radio" name="sex" value="male" /> Male<br /><input type="radio" name="sex" value="female" /> Female</form>

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FORMS

<form>I have a bike:<input type="checkbox" name="haveBike" value="Bike" /><br />I have a car:<input type="checkbox" name="haveCar" value="Car" /><br />I have an airplane:<input type="checkbox" name="haveAirplane" value="Airplane" /></form>

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FORMS

<form>I have a bike:<input type="checkbox" name="vehicle[]" value="Bike" /><br />I have a car:<input type="checkbox" name="vehicle[]" value="Car" /><br />I have an airplane:<input type="checkbox" name="vehicle[]" value="Airplane" /></form>

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FORMS

<form>I have a:<select name='vehicle'>

<option value='bike'>Bicycle</option><option value='car'>Shiny shiny car</option><option value='airplane'>Flying airplane</option>

</select></form>

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FORMS

<form name="input" action="submit.php" method="GET">Username:<input type="text" name="user" /><input type="submit" value="Submit" /></form>

GET vs POSTHTTP vs HTTPSID vs name

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TABLES

Tag Description

<table> Defines a table

<th> Defines a table header

<tr> Defines a table row

<td> Defines a table cell

<col> Defines the attribute values for one or more columns in a table

<thead> Defines a table head

<tbody> Defines a table body

<tfoot> Defines a table footer

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http://www.w3schools.com/tags/tag_table.asp

http://www.w3schools.com/tags/tag_th.asp

http://www.w3schools.com/tags/tag_tr.asp

http://www.w3schools.com/tags/tag_td.asp

http://www.w3schools.com/tags/tag_col.asp

http://www.w3schools.com/tags/tag_thead.asp

http://www.w3schools.com/tags/tag_tbody.asp

http://www.w3schools.com/tags/tag_tfoot.asp

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TABLES

<table border="1"><tr><td>row 1, cell 1</td><td>row 1, cell 2</td></tr><tr><td>row 2, cell 1</td><td>row 2, cell 2</td></tr></table>

<table border="1"><tr><td>row 1, cell 1</td><td colspan=‘2’>cell 2</td></tr><tr><td>row 2, cell 1</td></tr></table>

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TYPICAL WEBPAGE STRUCTURE

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THE GOD OF <DIV>

• Easier to design/change• Easier to separate the style and the content using CSS• By default a block-level element, but this can be changed• float: none, left, right• clear:both• THE MOST IMPORTANT HTML TAG! 39OE NIK, 2014

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PHP+SQL1.

HTML IntroductionHTML RenderingHTML TagsCSS, JS Examples

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STYLE (only copypaste into project)• HTML3: several tags to affect the style, HTML4: those

tags are now deprecated• HTML5: those tags are now removed, ONLY CSS AND

THE STYLE ATTRIBUTE should be used!• We will not explicitly use HTML5, but tags (<center>,

<b>, <u>) and attributes (align, color, bgcolor) that affect the look of a page are discouraged

• Rules for tag, class, id

style="text-align:center; font-weight: bold; font-decoration: underline; color: white; background-color: green; font-family: Times; font-size: 10px” 41OE NIK, 2014

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STYLE

• <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="mystyle.css">

• <style type="text/css">body { background-color: red }p { margin-left: 20px }</style>

• <p style="color: red; margin-left: 20px">This is a paragraph</p>

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CSS BOX MODEL• Weakly supported in the beginning (especially IE5,

IE6, IE7 (till 2009)), multiple CSS files were used• The new IE versions are a lot better, de pixel-correct

webpages are difficult to create• Less, Sass, Stylus

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Practical example ...• Instead of small CSS/HTML snippets …• Create a checkerboard – ONLY HTML+CSS (no js or

images)• Aim: smallest possible size

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Checker0 – 1765 bytes

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JAVASCRIPT (not required at all)

• Clientside program (executed by the browser):

<html><body>

<script type="text/javascript">document.write("Hello World!")</script>

</body></html>

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EVENTSAttribute Value Description

onchange script Script to be run when the element changes

onsubmit script Script to be run when the form is submitted

onclick script What to do on a mouse click

onkeydown script What to do when key is pressed

onkeypress script What to do when key is pressed and released

onkeyup script What to do when key is released

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DOM ELEMENT ACCESS

• document.name vs document.getElementById()• var obj=document.getElementById(‘xxx’);

obj.style.display=‘none’;• The commands and properties are now more or less

the same• Huge differences in the performance

(chrome++, IE--)

• Old technology, almost extinct AJAX !!!• Frameworks: jQuery, prototype, mootools, YUI, ExtJS

… Gnome and Win7 widgets?!?!?!?!?!

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TYPING• Weakly/loosely/dynamically-typed languagefunction wl(what){

document.write(what);document.write("<hr>");

}var a=5; wl(a);var b=a+5; wl(b);var b=b+"5"; wl(b);var c=function(){ alert("HELLO"); }; wl(c); c();var d=b+c; wl(d);var e=parseInt(d); wl(e);

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SELF REFERENCINGvar obj = { a: 5, b: 6, arr: [4, 5, 6, 7], str: "Bela", init: function() { this.c = this.a + this.b; return this; }}.init();wl(obj.str); wl(obj.c);

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REVEALING MODULE PATTERN• Lack of proper OOP in JS• Workarounds: Prototype inheritance, Revealing pattern

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REALTIME ASYNC COMMUNICATION• Not possible in original HTTP• Many possible workarounds

– Forever Frame (push into hidden iframe)– AJAX, Long polling– Server Sent Events (EventSource, not in IE)– WebSockets

• Possible alternative: SignalR in .NET – uses WebSockets, fallbacks to other solutions in case of failure

• We write too much javascript code, browsers are different, implementations are different… We need a soluton!

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jQuery• „Write Less, Do More”• Main features:

– Normalize vendor-specific javascript language elements (e.g. e.which, e.keycode)

– Use CSS (and CSS-like) selectors to specify target element(s): tag, class, id, :even, :not, [attr=val]

– Define events/execute code for target element(s) – Chain up multiple operations for same element(s)– Easier AJAX manipulation

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jQuery example• Instead of simple snippets… Let’s build a tree!• Typical task: menus, toolbars, structured multi-level lists

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Problems with trees• Typical solution from programs is using recursion or sql

CONNECT BY/WITH• We do not like recursion… • CONNECT BY is not supported by mysql, for example

(and the syntax of the WITH clause is horrific)• Finding errors in a recursive function or a recursive html

element is hard• Alternative solution

– Build the tree as a sequential list from DIVs– Every div should have two attributes: ID and PARENT– Additionally: NAME and CONTENT– Loop through the list using jQuery, build the tree in

the browser OE NIK, 2014 59

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Style.tree_wrapper {

min-height: 50px;border: 1px dotted gray;background-color: #ddd;

}.tree_elem {

padding-left: 20px;min-height: 50px;border: 1px dotted gray;background-color: #eee;

}

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.tree_over { background-color:#fff;}.hidden { display:none;}

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Set-Upfunction myscroll(){ $('html, body').animate( { scrollTop: $(".tree_clicked")

.offset().top-20}, 800);

}$(window).load(function(){

$(".tree_wrapper").mouseover(function(){$(this).addClass("tree_over");

}).mouseout(function(){$(this).removeClass("tree_over");

});});

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Algorithm• $(window).load(function(){

Loop Through Every Node, put to its good locationShow initialized state of the treeIF we click on a tree element

Hide all tree partsShow sub-tree for clicked elementShow root elementsScroll to clicked element

IF ends});

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Loop Through Every Node, initializevar nums=new Array();$("#treediv").children().each(function(index, element){

// OR: We could use .attr()var parentid=$

(element).children(".tree_parentid").first().html();var nodeid=$

(element).children(".tree_nodeid").first().html();$(element).detach();$("#subtree_"+parentid).append($(element));if (nums[parentid] == null) nums[parentid]=0;nums[parentid]++;$("#subnumber_"+nodeid).html(0);$("#subnumber_"+parentid).html(nums[parentid]);

});$(".tree_elem").hide();$(".parent_0").show();

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When we click… then, we should scroll …$('.tree_name')

.css("cursor", "hand")

.css("cursor", "pointer")

.click(function(obj){var $clicked_elem=$(this).parent(); $("#subtree_0")

.find('.tree_clicked')

.removeClass("tree_clicked");//$('.tree_clicked') vs find() vs children()

$clicked_elem.addClass("tree_clicked");

[... Show only good tree nodes ...]myscroll();

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Show only the good nodes$(".subtree").children(".tree_elem").hide();var num=0; var $akt_elem=$clicked_elem;do {

$akt_elem.children(".subtree").children(".tree_elem").show();

$akt_elem=($akt_elem.parent());num++;if (num==10) {

alert("ERROR: TOO DEEP WHILE CHAIN");return;

}} while ($akt_elem.attr('id')!="subtree_0");$(".parent_0").show();

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EXERCISE• Let's create a basic HTML+CSS combination• Header: some image, Nav: Menu with links, Footer:

information about the creator, Main: Lorem ipsum

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V 1.0 OE NIK, 2014 1 PHP+SQL EXPECTATIONS. V 1.0 Schedule (Lessons) OE NIK, 2014 2 1Expectations,...

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