Uav (unmanned aerial vehicle) inspection and surveillance services
Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models
-
Upload
britta-ricker -
Category
Technology
-
view
518 -
download
0
Transcript of Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models
![Page 1: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 1
Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models
Britta Ricker, PhDAssistant Professor
5/16/15
http://faculty.washington.edu/bricker0/uav.html
![Page 2: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 2
About my research
5/16/15
![Page 3: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 3
Outline
1. Context - the problem/opportunity Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) Paradigm shift: digital globes! &
Citizen Science2. How to generate your own
imagery3. Additional considerations4. Future Research
5/16/15
![Page 4: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 4
Landscape is evolving
Constant need to monitor this
change
5/16/15
![Page 5: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
5
Gaspar Felix TournachonAKA Nadar, Paris 1858
KitesBalloonsPigeons
5/16/15 @bricker USGS Brownbag
![Page 6: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 6
Early aerial photo of a
Boston shoreline
1860
5/16/15
"Boston, as the Eagle and the Wild Goose See It"by James Wallace Black
![Page 7: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 7
3rd Balloon CompanyFort Lewis 1938
5/16/15
![Page 8: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 8
Tacoma Narrows 1959
5/16/15
![Page 9: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 9
Photogrammetry is the use of photography in surveying and mapping to measure distances
between objects.
5/16/15
The science applied, technique and art of collecting reliable information from stereoscopic models to determine the shape, position and size of objects in space.
The word Photogrammetry, is derived from three words of Greek origin:
"Photon" - light; "Graphos" – written or description; "Metron" – to measure.
![Page 10: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 10
Remote Sensing Applications
5/16/15
Environmental monitoringNatural Resource ManagementEpidemiology Geology – Hazard monitoring and mitigationLand use – Agriculture, soil moistureSearch and Rescue Animal tracking
(Colomina & Molina, 2014; Everaerts, 2008; Forance et al., 2014; Upton et al, 2015)
![Page 11: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 11
Traditional Geographic Information Systems and Science
Technical TrainingDifficult to use
ExpensivePrecise & Accurate
5/16/15
![Page 12: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 12
Geoweb and Digital Globes
• Geoweb: Interconnected tools and data available on the web that span multiple geographic regions and are geographically associated (Lake & Farley, 2007; Haklay et al., 2008)
• Revolutionized spatial data (Sui, 2008)
• but not democratized (Haklay, 2013; Sui et al, 2013)
• What is significant = access to satellite imagery! (Goodchild, 2007; Harvey, 2014; Kingsbury & Jones, 2009)
5/16/15
![Page 13: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 13
Geoweb + Citizen Science
Citizen Science “scientific work
undertaken by members of the general public,
often in collaboration with or under the direction of
professional scientists and scientific
institutions.” (Haklay, 2015)
5/16/15
![Page 14: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 14
Challenges in Citizen Science
• Getting and keeping people evolved, excited and to keep coming back…
• Enthusiasm…emotional intensity • Hardware accessibility and extensibility• Software and data standards • Privacy/Anonymity• Authentication + Trust
5/16/15
![Page 15: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 155/16/15
Tell me, I forget.Show me, I remember.
Involve me, I understand.
-Chinese Proverb(Paulos et al., 2009)
![Page 16: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 16
drones and enthusiasm
5/16/15
469,000 results on google
![Page 17: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 17
YouTube search “drone”=
3,440,000 (March 2015)5,900,000 (Dec. 2015)
5/16/15
![Page 18: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 18
How drones are being used
5/16/15
![Page 19: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 19
How/Can enthusiasm be harnessed and incorporated into (participatory) mapping and citizen science?
5/16/15
![Page 20: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 20
Drones!
Evoke negative connotation (Sandvik & Lohne, 2014)
– Militarization– Surveillance (Crampton et al.,
2013)
5/16/15
![Page 21: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 21
Drones for Good“Humanitarian weapon” (Sandvik & Lohne, 2014)“Predators for Peace” (Chow, 2012)HumanitarianSearch and Rescue
5/16/15
![Page 22: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 22
Drones and Enthusiasm and Citizen Science #dronesforgood
Meyer (2015) Digital Humanitarianism Ch. 4 “Crowd Computing Satellite and Aerial Imagery”
5/16/15
Knowledge sharing communities
• Micro Mappers• UAViators - Humanitarian• DIYDrones
• OpenDroneMap
• droneAdventures• Drone Mapper• Conservation Drones• Drone code• …
![Page 23: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 23
Potential benefits of using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) for mapping and
Citizen Science?
Temporal ResolutionSpatial ResolutionIncreased coverage
5/16/15
Could complement or augment existing data collection methods (Crampton et al., 2013)
Big Raster DataUAV image
Google Earth
![Page 24: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 24
Research Aim:Identify a feasible workflow to create maps from aerial
imagery captured from dronesfor citizen science initiatives (= cheap + easy)
5/16/15
Img- pix4D
![Page 25: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Where to begin? Project Goals
Sensor (Payload)
End mapping product
Software Spatial Scale
![Page 26: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 26
Partnering with local scientists
to monitor gradual changes
1. noxious algal blooms 2. eel grass beds
5/16/15
Monitor acute change Landslide Spring 2015Des Moines WA
![Page 27: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 27
Key Considerations
1. Pre-Flight2. Flight3. Image Processing4. Post-processing
5/16/15
![Page 28: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 28
Pre-flight: What type of UAV do I need?UAV classifications
• Flight characteristics• Takeoff and landing methods• Source of Power• Weight (including payload)
5/16/15
![Page 29: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 29
Drone classifications
Takeoff and landing methods
5/16/15
Fixed Wing (Airplane) Rotor Wing (Helicopter)
![Page 30: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Which Drone to buy?Drone Specs
5/16/15
@bricker USGS Brownbag 30
Eisenbeiss, 2008 http://www.igp-data.ethz.ch/berichte/blaue_berichte_pdf/105.pdf
![Page 31: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 31
DJI Phantom Vision 2 +
• Flight time ~25 min• Return to “home”
when battery is low• Compass and GPS• No fly zone• Camera and gimble• 14 megapixel
camera• http://www.dji.com/product/phantom-2-vision-pl
us/spec
5/16/15
![Page 32: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 325/16/15
MapBox ESRI
Are you in a “No Fly Zone”?
![Page 33: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 33
Pre Flight:Read the manual!
Plan your flight.(Autopilot versus free flight)
Have a back up plan.
5/16/15
(Nex & Remondino, 2013)
![Page 34: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 34
Flight
• Angle of Nadir
5/16/15
![Page 35: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 35
Flight
• Angle of Nadir
5/16/15
![Page 36: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 36
Try to Avoid this…
5/16/15
![Page 37: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 375/16/15
![Page 38: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 38
Cost of the drone is not the only cost
Key Considerations
1. Pre-Flight2. Flight3. Image Processing4. Post-processing
5/16/15
$ $$
![Page 39: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 39
Processing Images
5/16/15
Share Online
Software selction
Stitch Imagery
Capture imageryDrone Flying Fun!
Manually
PS/GIMPArcGIS/QGIS
Automatically
Pix4DAgisoft
OpenDroneMap
Map Knitter, Google Earth, PDF, MapBox, GeoServer + OpenLayers, ESRI Online…
![Page 40: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 40
Processing Images
5/16/15
Share Online
Software selction
Stitch Imagery
Capture imageryDrone Flying Fun!
Manually
PS/GIMPArcGIS/QGIS
Automatically
Pix4DAgisoft
OpenDroneMap
Map Knitter, Google Earth, PDF, MapBox, GeoServer + OpenLayers, ESRI Online…
![Page 41: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 41
Manual correction and stitching
Correct Fisheye using GIMP Filters→Distorts→Lens distortion → In the new window change Main to -55 & Edge to 10 modify as needed
5/16/15
![Page 42: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 42
Stitch imagery
• ArcGIS – Georeference• QGIS• MapKnitter
5/16/15
![Page 43: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 43
Needed AutomationNeeded Measurements
Needed Photogrammetry!
Influenced metadata associated with the photos
5/16/15
![Page 44: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 44
Software Options
Proprietary • Pix4D• Agisoft• Other
5/16/15
Open Source• Visual Structure from
Motion System (VisualSFM)
• Clustering Views for Multi-view Stereo (CMVS)
• OpenDroneMap
![Page 45: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 45
Computer Vision
• field that includes methods for acquiring, processing, analyzing, and understanding images and, in general, high-dimensional data from the real world in an effort to produce numerical or symbolic information, e.g., in the forms of decisions.
• Applications: – Recognition– Motion Analysis– Scene reconstruction– Image restoration– Artificial intelligence
5/16/15
![Page 46: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 46
Structure from Motion“a range imaging technique; it refers to the process of estimating three-dimensional structures from two-dimensional image sequences which may be coupled with local motion signals. It is studied in the fields of computer vision and visual perception. In biological vision, SfM refers to the phenomenon by which humans (and other living creatures) can recover 3D structure from the projected 2D (retinal) motion field of a moving object or scene.” Wikipedia
5/16/15
![Page 47: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 47
Structure from Motion basics
5/16/15
1. Detection of feature points in view2. Tracking feature points from one frame to the next frame3. Robust estimation of 3D position of these points, based on their motion
http://www.invision-news.de/artikel/104202.htm
![Page 48: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 48
Structure from Motion basicsEpipolar Geometry
5/16/15
perspective projection model
http://www.cs.columbia.edu/~jebara/htmlpapers/SFM/sfm.html
![Page 49: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 49
Free and Open Source Software (FOSS)
• Free as in speech • Free as in beer
5/16/15
![Page 50: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 50
Created and Run by Steven Matherhttps://github.com/OpenDroneMap/OpenDroneMap
http://opendronemap.github.io/odm/
5/16/15
Point CloudDigital Surface Model (DSM)
Textured DSMDigital Elevation Models (DEM)
Orthophotography
![Page 51: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 51
AgiSoft
5/16/15
![Page 52: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 525/16/15
Pix4D
![Page 53: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 53
Pix4D Mobile App – for camera
5/16/15
Flight PathAuto PilotFree flight
https://support.pix4d.com/hc/en-us/articles/202557269--Android-Pix4Dmapper-Capture-App-Getting-started
DJI offers three Software Development Kits (SDK)Mobile: Aerial Imagery, Live Video, NavigationOnboard: Flight data, flight control, data transmissionGuidance: Hardware, ports, velocity, filters, depth
![Page 54: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 54
Pix4D: Autopilot App
5/16/15
![Page 55: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 55
Federal Way Twin Lakes July 2015
5/16/15
Lake Loreene Lake Jean
Individual photos
![Page 56: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 56
Water is difficult to renderand sometimes ugly
5/16/15
Lake Jean Lake Loreen
![Page 57: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 57
But Not Impossible
5/16/15
http://faculty.washington.edu/bricker0/google_tiles/Mission_00002_mosaic.html
![Page 58: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 585/16/15
errors
![Page 59: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 59
Lake Wapato
5/16/15
![Page 60: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 60
Eel grass images
5/16/15
![Page 61: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 61
Acute ChangeLandslide
Des Moines, WA
5/16/15
![Page 62: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 62
Landslide in Des Moines, WA
5/16/15
Pix4D Online processed 34 images in 4 minutes
![Page 63: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 635/16/15
2012 2015
![Page 64: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 645/16/15
2012 2015
![Page 65: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 655/16/15
![Page 66: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 665/16/15
Digital Surface Model (DSM)
![Page 67: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 67
Pix4D
5/16/15
![Page 68: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 68
Pix4D
5/16/15
![Page 69: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 69
Digital Surface Model (DSM)
5/16/15
![Page 70: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 70
Interactive models
• https://sketchfab.com/models/62bf2c2b531e4e8680fed3897b36b622
• https://sketchfab.com/models/ca1846e7863c405b9eee14f63b278c61
• https://sketchfab.com/models/d561e5cb65b941c98566ae18bb1bc1f0
• My website http://faculty.washington.edu/bricker0/uav.html
5/16/15
![Page 71: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 715/16/15
Relative AccuracyAbsolute Accuracy
support.pix4d.com/hc/en-us/articles/202557489
http://faculty.washington.edu/bricker0/report_DJI/
![Page 72: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 72
Lessons Learned• UAVs take practice to fly.• Proprietary Software is expensive but easy to use!• Open Source Software is an option if you have time and
technical knowhow.• Water is difficult to georeferenced.• Citizen science is an opportunity to continue to explore.
5/16/15
![Page 73: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 73
Additional Considerations• Legal• Ethical
– Surveillance – Critical Cartography
• Data processing and sharing• Practical
– weather – other obstacles (trees, buildings, birds,
people)
5/16/15
![Page 74: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 74
Future Research Dream:Develop an online platform for
1. UAV flyers and owners to share/donate photos2. Provide a cloud based platform for image processing3. Volunteers (citizen scientists) classify imagery4. Expert Scientists verify results?5. Share new knowledge!
5/16/15
Other project ideas: 3D print a model rendered with UAV
Algal Boom full season – 1 week intervals
Multispectral sensor
![Page 75: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 75
Outline
Context - the problem/opportunity Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) Paradigm shift: digital globes! &
Citizen ScienceHow to generate your own imageryAdditional considerationsFuture Research
5/16/15
![Page 76: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/76.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 76
Thank you!
5/16/15
Acknowledgements: Kris Seymer, Andrew James, Ali Modarres
![Page 77: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/77.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 775/16/15
![Page 78: Utilizing low-cost unmanned vehicle (UAV) to build orthophotos and Digital Surface Models](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022081520/58888bb41a28ab3e658b5bf3/html5/thumbnails/78.jpg)
@bricker USGS Brownbag 78
References
Balletti, C., Guerra, F., Tsioukas, V., & Vernier, P. (2014). Calibration of action cameras for photogrammetric purposes. Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 14(9), 17471–90. doi:10.3390/s140917471Chow, J. (2012, April). Predators for Peace. Foreign Policy. Retrieved from http://foreignpolicy.com/2012/04/27/predators-for-peace/Crampton, J. W., Graham, M., Poorthuis, A., Shelton, T., Stephens, M., Wilson, M. W., & Zook, M. (2013). Beyond the geotag: situating “big data” and leveraging the potential of the geoweb. Cartography and Geographic Information Science, 40(2), 130–139. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15230406.2013.777137Eisenbeiss, H., & Grün, A. (2009). UAV Photogrammetry. Institute of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (Vol. Doctor of). doi:doi:10.3929/ethz-a-005939264Everaerts, J. (2008). The use of unmanned aerial vehicles (uavs) for remote sensing and mapping. The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, XXXVII, 1187–1192. Retrieved from http://www.isprs.org/proceedings/XXXVII/congress/1_pdf/203.pdfFornace, K. M., Drakeley, C. J., William, T., Espino, F., & Cox, J. (2014). Mapping infectious disease landscapes: unmanned aerial vehicles and epidemiology. Trends in Parasitology, 30(11), 514–519. doi:10.1016/j.pt.2014.09.001Haklay, M. (2013). Neogeography and the delusion of democratisation. Environment and Planning A, 45(1), 55–69. Retrieved from http://www.envplan.com/abstract.cgi?id=a45184Haklay, M. (2015). Citizen Science and Policy: A European Perspective.Kingsbury, P., & Jones, J. (2009). Walter Benjamins Dionysian Adventures on Google Earth. Geoforum, 40(4), 502–513.Lake, R., & Farley, J. (2007). Infrastructure for the Geospatial Web. In A. Scharl & K. Tochterman (Eds.), The geospatial web: How geobrowsers, social software, and Web 2.0 are shaping the network society (pp. 15–26). London: Springer.Meier, P. (2015). Digital Humanitarians: How Big Data is changing the face of humanitarian response. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group.Nex, F., & Remondino, F. (2013). UAV for 3D mapping applications: a review. Applied Geomatics, 6(1), 1–15. doi:10.1007/s12518-013-0120-xPaulos, E., Foth, M., Satchell, C., Kim, Y., Dourish, P., & Choi, J. (2008). Ubiquitous Sustainability: Citizen Science and Activism. In Workshop at the 10th International Conference on Ubiquitous Computing (UbiComp 2008).Sandvik, K. B., & Lohne, K. (2014). The Rise of the Humanitarian Drone: Giving Content to an Emerging Concept. Millennium - Journal of International Studies, 43(1), 145–164. doi:10.1177/0305829814529470Sui, D., Goodchild, M., & Elwood, S. (2013). Volunteered Geographic Information, and the Growing Digital Divide. In D. Sui., S. Elwood, & M. Goodchild (Eds.), (pp. 1–12). Dordrecht: Springer.Sui, D. Z. (2008). The wikification of GIS and its consequences: Or Angelina Jolie’s new tattoo and the future of GIS. Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, 32(1), 1–5.Upton, V., Ryan, M., O’Donoghue, C., & Dhubhain, A. N. (2015). Combining conventional and volunteered geographic information to identify and model forest recreational resources. Applied Geography, 60, 69–76. doi:10.1016/j.apgeog.2015.03.007
5/16/15