Utilizing GIS-based Disaster Information for Disaster Risk ...
Transcript of Utilizing GIS-based Disaster Information for Disaster Risk ...
Utilizing GIS-based Disaster
Information for Disaster
Risk Reduction in the
Philippines
Arturo S. Daag Chief Science Research Specialist
Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology
(PHIVOLCS)
Outline
1. Existing partnership with ESCAP
2. Philippine Natural Hazards: an Overview, initiatives and
agency partners
Meteorological hazards:
Typhoon, Severe Winds, Flood, Storm-surge, Landslides, Drought
Geologic hazards:
Earthquake-related: Ground Rupture, Ground Shaking, Liquefaction,
Earthquake-induced Landslide, Tsunami
Volcanic Hazards: Tephra Fall, Lava Flow, Pyroclastic Flows, Lahar,
Siltation and Flooding
Ground Subsidence
3. GIS-Based hazard maps: a tool for DRR
Initiatives
DRR agencies and hazard assessment services
DRR Promotions
4. Web-based GIS and DRR Information
5. Summary
Cooperation between ESCAP
and the Philippines
1. Member of ESCAP longstanding regional
cooperative framework - Regional Space
Applications Programme for Sustainable
Development (RESAP)
Philippines is an active member States of
Development (RESAP) – annual meeting.
2. Provision of satellite imagery
During Typhoon Haiyan (Yolanda) in 2013
and Trami (Hagupit) in 2014, ESCAP
provided satellite images to the Government
of the Philippines
Cooperation between ESCAP
and the Philippines
3. Policy and technical cooperation
1) Capacity Building Training on Applications of GIS and
Geospatial Data Management for Disaster Risk
Reduction in the Philippines, Manila, April 2014
Organized by ESCAP, Republic of Korea and
PCIEERD
Around 30 working-level local government officials
participated in the training
2) Senior Policy Makers’ Forum on Space Technology
Applications for DRR and Sustainable Development in
the Philippines, Manila, February 2015
Organized by ESCAP, Republic of Korea and
PCIEERD
19 local government decision makers (Mayors)
participated in the forum
4. Future cooperation 1) Policy making for disaster risk reduction and
space technology applications
2) Technical assistance to enhance the knowledge
capacity of local governments in the Philippines
3) Regional cooperation for emergency and
disasters with sharing satellite images and
information
Cooperation between ESCAP
and the Philippines
The Philippines is prone to many natural hazards
due to its geologic and geographic setting
Earthquake Tsunami Volcanic eruption
Typhoon Storm surge Flood Landslide
Meteorological Hazards:
Typhoon: an average of 21 typhoons each year and
around 6 to 9 makes landfall (PAGASA).
Typhoon HAIYAN
(Yolanda) on
November 7,
2013
GIS-Based Flood Hazard Assessment utilizing Satellite Technology
Map of Typhoon Trami (Habagat) cooperation between UNESCAP,
Sentinel Asia and International Charter of Space and Major Disasters
GIS- and WEB-based Flood Hazard Maps available to stakeholders Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA)
Department of Science and Technology (DOST)
Provincial and Barangay Level GIS- based Storm Surge and Tropical
Cyclone Severe Wind Hazard Maps Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA)
Department of Science and Technology (DOST)
Provincial and Municipal Level GIS-based Rain
Induced Landslide Hazard Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Mines and geo-science Bureau (MGB), Department of
Environment and Natural Resources
Department of Science and Technology
Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology
Geologic Hazards:
Philippine Active Faults and Seismicity
Earthquake-related Hazards
Tsunami Fire
Fault (Ground) Rupture Ground Shaking –
Collapse of Building Liquefaction
Landslide
Earthquake Hazard Maps (Province Level): Ground Shaking,
Liquefaction, Earthquake-induced Landslide and Tsunami
READY Project, 2007
Mapping of Sinkholes
(MGB-DENR)
Sinkhole in the school grounds with dimensions of 20m x 7 m
Sinkhole on the road in front of Panganan Elementary School, Brgy Lomboy, Panganan Island
Sinkhole located at the back of Panganan High School, estimated depth ~3.4m, area 20x6 m
Estimated depth is 1.1m and may even be deeper
300 volcanoes 23 considered active
Active, Inactive & Potentially Active
Volcanoes of the Philippines
GIS-Based Hazard Mapping and
DRR Initiatives
• READY PROJECT
• SSC Regions: Map-based IECs
• Sentinel Asia and International Disaster
Charter
• REDAS
• GEO-PORTAL
• DOST Web-GIS DRR Projects
Direct response to specific assistance requested by the Government of the
Philippines (GOP) on Disaster Risk Management to the United Nations (UN)
Country Team after the November-December 2004 Flash Floods in Quezon
and Aurora Provinces.
Hazard Mapping and Assessment for Effective Community-
Based Disaster Risk Management (READY)
A four-year project (June 2006-May 2010)
• Executing Agency: Office of Civil Defense (OCD)
• Responsible Agencies:
PHIVOLCS, PAGASA, MGB-DENR, NAMRIA
• Main Implementer:
Collective Strengthening of Community Awareness for Natural Disasters
(CSCAND) as NDCC Sub-Committee on Disaster Preparedness
** United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) is the implementing agency
of the Australian Agency for International Development (AusAID) and other future
donors
READY project covers 27 high risks provinces and has
three main components:
1.Multi-hazard identification and disaster risk assessment
• Multi-Hazard mapping (1:10,000 scale for landslide and floods;
1:50,000 scale for earthquake-related hazards and storm surge)
2. Community-Based Disaster Preparedness
• Development of Information Education and Communication (IEC)
strategies and materials for specific target groups;
• Installation of Community-Based Early Warning Systems
(CBEWS): Flood, Landslide, Tsunami
3. Initiate the mainstreaming of risk reduction into the local
development planning process.
•EXTENDED TO READY-GMMA TO COVER GREATER METROMANILA
Hazard Mapping and Assessment for Effective Community-
Based Disaster Risk Management (READY)
HAZARD AND IMPACT ASSESSMENT SOFTWARE (REDAS by DOST-PHIVOLCS)
• Hazard assessment module
- tools for assessing earthquake
hazards; preparing scenarios
- static maps of various hazards
(geological, hydro-meteorological)
can be integrated
• Exposure data base module
- contains database of elements at risk
which can be updated by local
government
• Impact assessment module
- can estimate damage to buildings,
casualty, economic loss
* being shared with local
governments, national agencies,
academic partners
REDAS_Exposure Database Module
• Development of database of exposure (buildings, critical facilities),
typology, fragility curves for earthquakes and extension to other
hazards
Uses of Exposure database
• Disaster Impact and Loss
Simulation
• Emergency and Contingency
Planning
• Land Use and Development
Planning
• Local government business
activities
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Figure 4.16: C1M low code fragility curves (in PGA)
Figure 4.17:C1M low code fragility curves (in MMI)
• REDAS (Rapid Earthquake Damage Assessment
System) is a seismic hazard simulation software that
aims to produce hazard and risk maps immediately
after the occurrence of a strong and potentially
damaging earthquake.
• Developed by PHIVOLCS in 2002-2004 under the
DOST-GIA project
•Incorporation of hazard maps into the REDAS
software
Capacity Building through Provision and Training on the Use of a
Hazard and Risk Assessment Software (REDAS)
REDAS Training
REGIONAL IECs: Science for Safer Communities
All DRR GIS and Google-Referenced (KML) Hazard Map given to LGUs
Communication satellites
Earth observation satellites
Positioning satellites
Human network Capacity Building, Outreach
Other DRR Mapping Initiatives
Sentinel Asia Step 3
Just after disaster Post-disaster
Information delivering to personal terminals
Pre-disaster
Monitoring
Information/data transmission
Information sharing (Web-GIS)
Response: Emergency observation
Mitigation: Community education
Preparedness: Hazard map Early warning system
Recovery: Monitoring
Disaster information
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Average of 4cm yearly subsidence
GROUND SUBSIDENCE MAPPING AND MONITORING
USING ALOS PALSAR Mar.2011 –Feb.2007 (1472 Days)
Weather Stations
Rain Gauges
Stream Gauges
Water Level
NEAR REAL-TIME INFORMATION ON VARIOUS SENSORS
Warning System for Deep-seated Catastrophic
Landslide. Web-based Monitoring and Warning Power Supply (Solar/Grid)
Data Management
Sensor Nodes
Two sensors integrated in one board
Tilt sensor - Measures inclination of column with respect to the vertical
Soil moisture sensor - Provides readings of soil moisture content
UP-EEE, NIGS and PHIVOLCS
Summary
• Many National DRR Agencies have their maps and information in GIS format and are available to stakeholders.
• Hazard maps in GIS format are hosted in respective DRR agencies website and available for downloads by various stake holders.
• Local government units are now integrating the GIS-based hazard maps into their Comprehensive Land Use Plan
• Web-based GIS and mobile applications are becoming more popular avenues in DRR applications