Utility of National Spatial Data for Conservation

Design Projects

Utility of National Spatial Utility of National Spatial Data for Conservation Data for Conservation

Design ProjectsDesign Projects

Steve WilliamsSteve WilliamsBiodiversity and Spatial Information CenterBiodiversity and Spatial Information CenterNorth Carolina State UniversityNorth Carolina State University

PIF CDWPIF CDWSt. Louis, MOSt. Louis, MOApril 11, 2006April 11, 2006

Types of DataTypes of DataTypes of Data

BiologicalLand cover, species occurrence (surveys)…

PhysicalTerrain, soils…

ClimaticPrecipitation, temperature…

BiologicalBiologicalLand cover, species occurrence (surveys)Land cover, species occurrence (surveys)……

PhysicalPhysicalTerrain, soilsTerrain, soils……

ClimaticClimaticPrecipitation, temperaturePrecipitation, temperature……

http://http://edc.usgs.goedc.usgs.go

EROS Data CenterEROS Data CenterEROS Data Center

EDC Land Cover ProductsEDC Land Cover ProductsEDC Land Cover Products

National Land Cover Dataset 1992 (NLCD 92)

A U.S. land cover classification product based primarily on 1992Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) data.30m2 cell resolution 21 classes

Land Use and Land cover Data (LULC)A global land cover database primarily derived from 1992 to 1993 1-km AVHRR data.

AVHRR NDVI CompositesWeekly and biweekly NDVI composites based on 1-km AVHRR data (1980 to present).

National Land Cover Dataset 1992 (NLCD National Land Cover Dataset 1992 (NLCD 92)92)

A U.S. land cover classification product based primarily on 1992A U.S. land cover classification product based primarily on 1992Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) data.Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) data.30m30m22 cell resolution cell resolution 21 classes21 classes

Land Use and Land cover Data (LULC)Land Use and Land cover Data (LULC)A global land cover database primarily derived from 1992 to 1993A global land cover database primarily derived from 1992 to 1993 11--km AVHRR data.km AVHRR data.

AVHRR NDVI CompositesAVHRR NDVI CompositesWeekly and biweekly NDVI composites based on 1Weekly and biweekly NDVI composites based on 1--km AVHRR data km AVHRR data (1980 to present). (1980 to present).

http://http://edc.usgs.goedc.usgs.go

http://http://edc.usgs.goedc.usgs.go

EDC Elevation ProductsEDC Elevation ProductsEDC Elevation Products

National Elevation Dataset (NED)Seamless 10- and 30-meter digital raster elevation data covers the conterminous U.S., Alaska, Hawaii, Puerto Rico, and Virgin Islands. Features periodic updates to incorporate the best available source data (primarily USGS 10 and 30-meter DEMs).

Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM)Seamless SRTM "Finished" 1 arc second (30 meter posting) digitalraster elevation covers the United States and its territories and possesions. Seamless SRTM "Finished" 3 arc second (90 meter posting) digital raster elevation covers the globe between 60 degrees N and 56 degrees S latitude. SRTM "Finished" was supplied by NGA.

National Elevation Dataset (NED)National Elevation Dataset (NED)Seamless 10Seamless 10-- and 30and 30--meter digital raster elevation data covers the meter digital raster elevation data covers the conterminous U.S., Alaska, Hawaii, Puerto Rico, and Virgin conterminous U.S., Alaska, Hawaii, Puerto Rico, and Virgin Islands. Features periodic updates to incorporate the best availIslands. Features periodic updates to incorporate the best available able source data (primarily USGS 10 and 30source data (primarily USGS 10 and 30--meter meter DEMsDEMs). ).

Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM)Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM)Seamless SRTM "Finished" 1 arc second (30 meter posting) digitalSeamless SRTM "Finished" 1 arc second (30 meter posting) digitalraster elevation covers the United States and its territories anraster elevation covers the United States and its territories and d possesionspossesions. Seamless SRTM "Finished" 3 arc second (90 meter . Seamless SRTM "Finished" 3 arc second (90 meter posting) digital raster elevation covers the globe between 60 posting) digital raster elevation covers the globe between 60 degrees N and 56 degrees S latitude. SRTM "Finished" was degrees N and 56 degrees S latitude. SRTM "Finished" was supplied by NGA.supplied by NGA.

http://http://edc.usgs.goedc.usgs.go

http://http://www.mrlc.gov/index.www.mrlc.gov/index.

11. Open Water

12. Perennial Ice/Snow

21. Developed, Open Space

22. Developed, Low Intensity

23. Developed, Medium Intensity

24. Developed, High Intensity

31. Barren Land (Rock/Sand/Clay)

32. Unconsolidated Shore*

41. Deciduous Forest

42. Evergreen Forest

43. Mixed Forest

51. Dwarf Scrub

52. Shrub/Scrub

11. Open Water11. Open Water

12. Perennial Ice/Snow12. Perennial Ice/Snow

21. Developed, Open Space21. Developed, Open Space

22. Developed, Low Intensity22. Developed, Low Intensity

23. Developed, Medium Intensity23. Developed, Medium Intensity

24. Developed, High Intensity24. Developed, High Intensity

31. Barren Land (Rock/Sand/Clay)31. Barren Land (Rock/Sand/Clay)

32. Unconsolidated Shore*32. Unconsolidated Shore*

41. Deciduous Forest41. Deciduous Forest

42. Evergreen Forest42. Evergreen Forest

43. Mixed Forest43. Mixed Forest

51. Dwarf Scrub51. Dwarf Scrub

52. Shrub/Scrub52. Shrub/Scrub

71. Grassland/Herbaceous

72. Sedge/Herbaceous

73. Lichens

74. Moss

81. Pasture/Hay

82. Cultivated Crops

90. Woody Wetlands91. Palustrine Forested Wetland*92. Palustrine Scrub/Shrub Wetland*93. Estuarine Forested Wetland*94. Estuarine Scrub/Shrub Wetland*

95. Emergent Herbaceous

Wetlands96. Palustrine Emergent Wetland (Persistent)*97. Estuarine Emergent Wetland*98. Palustrine Aquatic Bed*99. Estuarine Aquatic Bed*

71. Grassland/Herbaceous71. Grassland/Herbaceous

72. Sedge/Herbaceous72. Sedge/Herbaceous

73. Lichens73. Lichens

74. Moss74. Moss

81. Pasture/Hay81. Pasture/Hay

82. Cultivated Crops82. Cultivated Crops

90. Woody Wetlands90. Woody Wetlands91. Palustrine Forested Wetland*91. Palustrine Forested Wetland*92. Palustrine Scrub/Shrub Wetland*92. Palustrine Scrub/Shrub Wetland*93. Estuarine Forested Wetland*93. Estuarine Forested Wetland*94. Estuarine Scrub/Shrub Wetland*94. Estuarine Scrub/Shrub Wetland*

95. Emergent Herbaceous 95. Emergent Herbaceous

WetlandsWetlands96. Palustrine Emergent Wetland (Persistent)*96. Palustrine Emergent Wetland (Persistent)*97. Estuarine Emergent Wetland*97. Estuarine Emergent Wetland*98. Palustrine Aquatic Bed*98. Palustrine Aquatic Bed*99. Estuarine Aquatic Bed*99. Estuarine Aquatic Bed*

http://http://www.mrlc.gov/index.www.mrlc.gov/index.

NLCD 2001 Land Cover Class Definitions (27 classes)

NLCD 2001 Land Cover Class NLCD 2001 Land Cover Class Definitions (27 classes)Definitions (27 classes)

http://http://www.mrlc.gov/index.www.mrlc.gov/index.

http://http://www.mrlc.gov/index.www.mrlc.gov/index.

NLCD 2001 Currently AvailableNLCD 2001 Currently Available

http://http://www.mrlc.gov/index.www.mrlc.gov/index.

http://http://gapanalysis.nbii.gov/portal/servgapanalysis.nbii.gov/portal/serv

http://http://gapanalysis.nbii.gov/portal/servgapanalysis.nbii.gov/portal/serv

Gap Analysis Land Cover

for the Eastern US

Gap Analysis Gap Analysis Land CoverLand Cover

for the for the Eastern USEastern US

http://http://gapanalysis.nbii.gov/portal/servgapanalysis.nbii.gov/portal/serv

Based on NatureServe Ecological Systems135 classes expected in Southeast Basis for habitat modeling for vertebrate species

Based on NatureServe Based on NatureServe Ecological SystemsEcological Systems135 classes expected 135 classes expected in Southeast in Southeast Basis for habitat Basis for habitat modeling for modeling for vertebrate speciesvertebrate species

http://http://www.landfire.gwww.landfire.go

http://http://www.landfire.gwww.landfire.go

LANDFIRE Data ProductsLANDFIRE Data ProductsLANDFIRE Data Products

FARSITE Fuel layers:13 Anderson (1982) Fire Behavior Fuel Models 40 Scott and Burgan (2005) Fire Behavior Fuel Models Forest Canopy Bulk Density Forest Canopy Base Height Forest Canopy Height Forest Canopy Cover Elevation Aspect Slope

Fire Regime layers:FRCCFRCC Departure Index Fire Regime GroupsMean Fire Return IntervalPercent Low-severity FirePercent Mixed-severity FirePercent Replacement-severity FireSuccession Classes

FARSITE Fuel layers:FARSITE Fuel layers:13 Anderson (1982) Fire Behavior Fuel 13 Anderson (1982) Fire Behavior Fuel Models Models 40 Scott and Burgan (2005) Fire Behavior 40 Scott and Burgan (2005) Fire Behavior Fuel Models Fuel Models Forest Canopy Bulk Density Forest Canopy Bulk Density Forest Canopy Base Height Forest Canopy Base Height Forest Canopy Height Forest Canopy Height Forest Canopy Cover Forest Canopy Cover Elevation Elevation Aspect Aspect SlopeSlope

Fire Regime layers:Fire Regime layers:FRCCFRCCFRCC Departure Index Fire Regime GroupsFRCC Departure Index Fire Regime GroupsMean Fire Return IntervalMean Fire Return IntervalPercent LowPercent Low--severity Fireseverity FirePercent MixedPercent Mixed--severity Fireseverity FirePercent ReplacementPercent Replacement--severity Fireseverity FireSuccession Classes Succession Classes

Vegetation layers:Environmental Site PotentialBiophysical SettingsExisting VegetationExisting Vegetation HeightExisting Vegetation CoverVegetation Dynamics Models

Fire Effects layers:Fuel Loading Models

Vegetation layers:Vegetation layers:Environmental Site PotentialEnvironmental Site PotentialBiophysical SettingsBiophysical SettingsExisting VegetationExisting VegetationExisting Vegetation HeightExisting Vegetation HeightExisting Vegetation CoverExisting Vegetation CoverVegetation Dynamics Models Vegetation Dynamics Models

Fire Effects layers:Fire Effects layers:Fuel Loading Models Fuel Loading Models

http://http://www.landfire.gwww.landfire.go

PhysicalPhysicalPhysical

http://http://nhd.usgs.gonhd.usgs.go

Based onBased onDigital Line Digital Line GraphGraph(DLG) data(DLG) dataand and EPA Reach FileEPA Reach File(RF3) data(RF3) data

Initially 1:100k, Initially 1:100k, but 1:24k but 1:24k updates are updates are almost almost complete for UScomplete for US

http://http://nhd.usgs.gonhd.usgs.go

http://http://soils.usda.gosoils.usda.go

NaturalResources

Conservation

Service(NRCS)

Soil Data

NaturalNaturalResourcesResources

ConservatioConservationn

ServiceService(NRCS)(NRCS)

Soil DataSoil Data

“Soil Data Viewer provides users access to soil interpretations and soil properties while

shielding them from the complexity of the soil database”

““Soil Data Viewer provides users access to soil Soil Data Viewer provides users access to soil interpretations and soil properties while interpretations and soil properties while

shielding them from the complexity of the soil shielding them from the complexity of the soil databasedatabase””

NRCS – STATSGO DatabaseNRCS NRCS –– STATSGO DatabaseSTATSGO Database

The STATSGO database is being updated and renamed to the Digital General Soil Map of the United States. The update is scheduled for completion April 30, 2006. Scale 1:250,000

The STATSGO database is being The STATSGO database is being updated and renamed to the updated and renamed to the Digital Digital General Soil MapGeneral Soil Map of the United of the United States. The update is scheduled for States. The update is scheduled for completion April 30, 2006. completion April 30, 2006. Scale 1:250,000Scale 1:250,000

http://http://soildatamart.nrcs.usda.gsoildatamart.nrcs.usda.g

NRCS – SSURGO DatabaseNRCS NRCS –– SSURGO DatabaseSSURGO Database

Soil Survey Geographic DatabaseDetailed county based soil surveysCompletion of the SSURGO data digitizing is scheduled for 2008

Soil Survey Geographic DatabaseSoil Survey Geographic DatabaseDetailed county based soil surveysDetailed county based soil surveysCompletion of the SSURGO data Completion of the SSURGO data digitizing is scheduled for 2008digitizing is scheduled for 2008

http://http://soildatamart.nrcs.usda.gsoildatamart.nrcs.usda.g

NRCS – SSURGO DatabaseNRCS NRCS –– SSURGO DatabaseSSURGO Database

http://http://soildatamart.nrcs.usda.gsoildatamart.nrcs.usda.g

http://http://datagateway.nrcs.usda.gdatagateway.nrcs.usda.go

EPA EcoregionProducts

EPA EPA EcoregionEcoregionProductsProducts

http://http://www.epa.gov/wed/pages/ecoregionswww.epa.gov/wed/pages/ecoregions

http://http://www.epa.gov/wed/pages/ecoregionswww.epa.gov/wed/pages/ecoregions

Omernik Ecoregions Level 4OmernikOmernik Ecoregions Level 4Ecoregions Level 4

Avian DataAvian DataAvian Data

http://http://www.natureserve.orgwww.natureserve.org/explo/explo

http://http://bna.birds.cornell.edubna.birds.cornell.edu/BN/BN

Birds of NA Birds of NA Birds of NA

http://http://bna.birds.cornell.edubna.birds.cornell.edu/BN/BN

http://http://www.pwrc.usgs.gov/bwww.pwrc.usgs.gov/b

http://http://birdcon.nbii.gbirdcon.nbii.g

Stewardship DataStewardship DataStewardship Data

Protected Areas DatabaseProtected Areas DatabaseProtected Areas Database

Conservation Biology Institute260 SW Madison Avenue, Suite 106Corvallis, OR 97333 USAPhone: (541) 757-0687, Fax: (541) 752-0518

Version 4 (Jan. 2006)CD-ROM $35

http://http://www.consbio.org/index.www.consbio.org/index.

Protected Areas DatabaseProtected Areas DatabaseProtected Areas Database

http://http://www.consbio.org/index.www.consbio.org/index.

Climatic DataClimatic DataClimatic Data

http://www.ocs.oregonstate.edu/prism/indexhttp://http://www.ocs.oregonstate.edu/prism/indexwww.ocs.oregonstate.edu/prism/index.

SpatialClimateAnalysisService

SpatialSpatialClimateClimateAnalysisAnalysisServiceService

Spatial Climate Analysis Service (SCAS)

Spatial Climate Analysis Service Spatial Climate Analysis Service (SCAS)(SCAS)

PRISM modelingParameter-elevation Regressions on Independent Slopes Model

MapServer ExplorerASCII grid format4km resolution2km data (high resolution) available through Climate Source at http://www.climatesource.com

PRISM modelingPRISM modelingPParameterarameter--elevation elevation RRegressions on egressions on IIndependent ndependent SSlopes lopes MModel odel

MapServerMapServer ExplorerExplorerASCII grid formatASCII grid format4km resolution4km resolution2km data (high resolution) available 2km data (high resolution) available through Climate Source at through Climate Source at http://http://www.climatesource.comwww.climatesource.com

http://www.ocs.oregonstate.edu/prism/indexhttp://http://www.ocs.oregonstate.edu/prism/indexwww.ocs.oregonstate.edu/prism/index.

http://www.ocs.oregonstate.edu/prism/indexhttp://http://www.ocs.oregonstate.edu/prism/indexwww.ocs.oregonstate.edu/prism/index.

http://http://www.daymet.orwww.daymet.or

DAYMETDaily Surface and Weather Climatalogical

Summaries

DAYMETDAYMETDaily Surface and Weather Daily Surface and Weather ClimatalogicalClimatalogical

SummariesSummariesUtilizes a digital elevation model and daily observations of minimum and maximum temperatures and precipitation to create data sets

TemperaturePrecipitationHumidityRadiation1 km resolution18 year daily data set

Utilizes a digital elevation model and daily Utilizes a digital elevation model and daily observations of minimum and maximum observations of minimum and maximum temperatures and precipitation to create data temperatures and precipitation to create data setssets

TemperatureTemperaturePrecipitationPrecipitationHumidityHumidityRadiationRadiation1 km resolution1 km resolution18 year daily data set18 year daily data set

http://http://www.daymet.orwww.daymet.or

http://http://www.daymet.orwww.daymet.or

SummarySummarySummary

Lots of data out thereAccess is getting easierGet to know the data sets you’re working with. Most have flaws – some that may be critical to your output.

Lots of data out thereLots of data out thereAccess is getting easierAccess is getting easierGet to know the data sets youGet to know the data sets you’’re re working with. Most have flaws working with. Most have flaws –– some some that may be critical to your output.that may be critical to your output.

“Although conceptually simple….applying the methodology

can be onerous”Shifley and Thompson

““Although conceptually Although conceptually simplesimple…….applying the methodology .applying the methodology

can be onerouscan be onerous””ShifleyShifley and Thompsonand Thompson