Utah Flora BOT2100 Lecture 5 Dicots I Including: Ranunculaceae Hydrophyllaceae Boraginaceae.

Utah Flora BOT2100

Lecture 5Dicots I

Including:

RanunculaceaeHydrophyllaceae

Boraginaceae

Utah Flora BOT2100Dicots

Flowering plants with a ovary wall (carpels)

Corollas and calyx generally distinguishablesometimes one whorl is absent

Flower parts in 2, 4 or 5’s

Leaves generally with net-veined (branched)

2 cotyledons (1st leaves)

Utah Flora BOT2100

Major Families

Ranunculaceae – buttercups, larkspur, columbine

Papaveraceae – poppies

Berberidaceae – Berberis (trees), Oregon-grape

Ranunculales

7 families 199 genera 4,445 species

Utah Flora BOT2100Ranunculales

Ranunculaceae

Worldwide 62 genera 2,225 species

Utah (Native and Introduced) 13 genera ~75 species

•annual or perennial herbs

•leaves alternate, simple or compound

•flowers superior, hypanthium sometimes present, perfect, regular or irregular

•petals 3 to many or absent

•sepals sometimes petaloid


Ranunculaceae

Aquilegia Worldwide 80 species

Utah (Native) ~16 species

•perennial herbs from taproots

•leaves alternate, ternately lobed to triternately compound (in 3’s)

•flowers regular, showy

•sepals 5, petaloid, not spurred

•petals 5, spurred•stamens numerous

Utah Flora BOT2100

Aquilegia coerulea

•widespread montane species in Utah

•sepals and spurs white or blue

•stamens surpassing petals by 10-20 mm

Ranunculales Ranunculaceae


Ranunculaceae

Delphinium Worldwide 365 species


•annual or perennial herbs from taproots or tubers

•leaves alternate, palmately lobed

•flowers irregular, showy

•sepals 5, petaloid, spurred

•petals 4, in 2 pairs•stamens numerous

Utah Flora BOT2100

Delphinium nuttallianum

•most common Delphinium in Utah

•stems fragile and narrowed at ground level (often hard to get roots)

•leaves mostly basal



Ranunculaceae

Ranunculus Worldwide 600 species

Utah (Native and Introduced) 27 species

•annual or perennial herbs from taproots or fibrous roots

•leaves of many types, simple to compound

•flowers regular

•sepals 3-5, sometimes petaloid, usually deciduous

•petals 5-16•stamens 5 or numerous

Utah Flora BOT2100

Ranunculus adoneus

•restricted to alpine sites, often near snowbanks in Utah

•leaves highly palmately to sub-pinnately lobed, with many segments

•sepals deciduous upon flowering, petals larger, to 12 mm long


Utah Flora BOT2100

Major Families

Boraginaceae – forget-me-not, Cryptantha

Hydrophyllaceae – waterleaf, Phacelia

Lamiaceae – mints, oregano, thyme, Salvia

Scrophulariaceae – snapdragons, Digitalis, Penstemon

Lamiales

25 families 1,300 genera 26,300 species

Utah Flora BOT2100Lamiales

Hydrophyllaceae

Worldwide 25 genera 960 species

Utah (Native or Introduced) 9 genera ~50 species

•annual, biennial or perennial herbs, rarely shrubs

•leaves alternate, simple or compound

•inflorescence commonly scorpioid cymes

•flowers superior, perfect, regular

•calyx fused, 5 lobed; corolla fused, 5 lobed,

•stamens 5, sometimes exserted

•fruit a capsule, seeds 1 to many

Utah Flora BOT2100

Phacelia Worldwide 150 species


•annual, biennial or perennial herbs

•leaves alternate, lower sometimes opposite, entire to pinnatifid

•flowers regular

•calyx 5-lobed, divided almost to base

•corolla 5-lobed

•stamens 5, exserted or included

•seeds within capsules 4 or many

Lamiales Hydrophyllaceae

Utah Flora BOT2100

Phacelia heterophylla

•sagebrush valley & montane species

•plants mostly biennial (sometimes flowering a 3rd year)

•leaves basal and cauline, entire or with 1-4 pairs of pinnate lobes

•corolla whitish, stamens exserted

Lamiales Boraginaceae

Utah Flora BOT2100Lamiales

Boraginaceae

Worldwide 112 genera 1,600 species

Utah (Native or Introduced) 18 genera ~100 species

•annual, perennial herbs, rarely sub-shrubs

•leaves alternate or opposite, simple

•inflorescence commonly scorpioid cymes

•flowers superior, perfect, regular

•calyx fused, 5 lobed; corolla fused, 5 lobed

•stamens 5, sometimes 4

•fruit nutlets, ovary breaking into 2-4, 1 seeded segments

Utah Flora BOT2100

Mertensia Worldwide 50 species

Utah (Native) 7 species

•perennial herbs from fleshy, rhizome-like roots (tuber-like)

•leaves entire, alternate

•flowers regular

•calyx 5-lobed, fused or divided almost to base

•corolla 5-lobed

•stamens 5

•nutlets 4


Utah Flora BOT2100

Mertensia arizonica

•restricted to most sites, often in canyons

•plants tall and robust

•leaves large and glabrous

•calyx not cleft to base, and longer than 5 mm


Utah Flora BOT2100

Cryptantha Worldwide 150 species

Utah (Native) 65 species

•annual or perennial herbs taproots

•leaves alternate or opposite, entire to deeply pinnately lobed

•flowers regular

•calyx 5-lobed, divided almost to base

•corolla 5-lobed, fused

•stamens 5

•nutlets 1-4


Utah Flora BOT2100

Cryptantha humilis

•common Great Basin desert species

•stems short and compact (caespitose)

•leaves small, spatulate, mostly basal

•calyx 3-5 mm long, corolla tube 3-5 mm long, and not exceeding calyx


Utah Flora BOT2100

Assignment

•Draw and label species provided in lab

•Make sure to label those morphological features that helped you identify the sample (the characters in the key)

•Identify & label all samples to family and genus

•For Practice: use A Utah Flora to identify & label all samples to species (other than any we determined in class together)

Utah Flora BOT2100 Lecture 5 Dicots I Including: Ranunculaceae Hydrophyllaceae Boraginaceae.

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