usRAP: An Innovation in Data-Driven Safety Analysis · 2016-08-29 · – Manual crash reports but...

usRAP: An Innovation in Data-Driven Safety AnalysisPresented by: Bruce Hamilton, Roadway Safety Foundation

Doug Harwood, MRIGlobal

Est. Dec. 2014

Webinar Logistics

• Duration is 11:00 AM - 12:30 PM Mountain

• Webinar – recorded and archived on website. For quality of recording, phone will be muted during presentation

• If listening on the phone, please mute your computer

• To maximize the presentation on your screen click the 4 arrows in the top right of the presentation

• At the end of each section, there will be time for Q&A

• There is a handout pod at the bottom of the screen

• Please complete follow-up surveys; they are vital to assessing the webinar quality

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Today’s Presenters

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Bruce HamiltonRoadway Safety Foundation

Doug HarwoodMRIGlobal

Once you have completed this webinar, you will:

Goals of this Webinar

Have an understanding of the U.S. Road Assessment Program (usRAP) including the core protocols and how these apply to improving safety on rural roadways.

To achieve the webinar goal, you will learn to:

Learning Outcomes

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Identify usRAP’s function and unique value in safety analysis

Understand the application of the ViDA software in generating star ratings & safer road investment plans

Use the ViDA software through a demonstration

Pursue a usRAP project in order to meet data-driven safety analysis needs in rural areas

Bruce Hamilton,Roadway Safety Foundation

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usRAP Objectives

• Focus on reducing risk of fatal and serious injury crashes

• Assure that highway safety improvement programs are based on rational assessment of risk

usRAP Objectives

• Work cooperatively with highway agencies• Benchmark safety of road segments• Allocate resources based on risks InfrastructureEnforcement

• Inform and provide guidance to motorists• Foster collaboration

• usRAP established in 2004 by the AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety

• Modeled on successful EuroRAP and AusRAP programs

ROAD ASSESSMENT PROGRAMS

• 2000 - EuroRAP• 2003 - AusRAP• 2004 - usRAP• 2005 - iRAP

http://www.eurorap.org/

http://www.eurorap.org/

http://www.ausrap.org/ausrap/default.htm

http://www.ausrap.org/ausrap/default.htm

• iRAP is a not-for-profit organization based in the U.K.• iRAP was established in 2005 to help coordinate the

EuroRAP, AusRAP, and usRAP programs• iRAP also took on a mission to apply RAP protocols in

low- and middle-income countries• RAP programs are now active in over 70 countries• iRAP Global Technical Committee (GTC) assures

technical quality of RAP protocols and tools

usRAP Sponsor

• Roadway Safety Foundation– 501c3 in Washington, DC dedicated to promoting

road design improvements, safe roadsides, and enhanced operating conditions

– Through cooperative agreement with Federal Highway Administration, promotes usRAP as appropriate tool for data-driven safety analysis in Every Day Counts 3

– Contact: Bruce Hamilton ([email protected])

• iRAP vision: “A World Free of High-Risk Roads”• Engineering/design vital in Toward Zero

Deaths/Vision Zero efforts– “Not all E’s created equal”– Can’t educate our way to Zero:

• Ambitious goals call for ambitious plans• We need to design out risk & create cultural shift

usRAP and Rural Roads

• State DOTs have solid crash data, but locals often don’t…

• And 75% of the nation’s road mileage is under local control!

• usRAP can be used anywhere, but is an especially value-added resource where:– Crash data is lacking or unreliable (often local/rural)– Hazard potential is high (2-lane rural highways)– VMT is so low that the truly risky design of a road

doesn’t become evident in crash patterns (rural)

usRAP and Rural Roads

Directing Your Questions via the Chat Pod

1. Chat pod is on left side of screen between attendees pod & closed

caption pod

2. Type your question or

comment here

3. Answers will appear here unless addressed

verbally

Doug Harwood,MRIGlobal

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• MRIGlobal – Kansas City, MO• Iowa State University – Ames, IA• University of Kentucky – Lexington, KY• For technical assistance and support contact:

Doug Harwood ([email protected])

usRAP Team

usRAP Protocols

• Risk Mapping • Performance Tracking• Star Ratings• Safer Roads Investment Plans

• NOTE: All based on fatal and serious injury crashes

What is a Safer Roads Investment Plan?

• Safer Road Investment Plan: A plan that suggests specific safety improvements at specific locations on a selected roadway network

• Input Data: Approximately 50 roadway and traffic characteristics for each 300-ft (100-m) segment of the roadway network

• Processing Software: web-based ViDA software

• Output: a safety improvement plan for your road network

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What Does a Safer Roads Investment Plan Include?

• Safer roads investment plan for a road network includes:– Specific countermeasures to be implemented– Specific implementation locations – Quantitative cost estimates– Quantitative safety benefits (in crashes reduced and

dollars)– Cost-effectiveness measures– Benefit-cost ratios– All countermeasures meet a minimum benefit-cost ratio

specified by the user– Output in the form of tables, maps, and Excel

spreadsheets

How Can a Safer Roads Investment Plan Help Your Agency?

• Plan focuses attention of the priority locations for safety improvement on your road system and the appropriate type of safety improvement(s) for each location

• Requires a 30-minute investment in input data coding per mile of road

• All results are based on benefit-cost analysis—only improvements that meet a minimum benefit-cost ratio that you specify are suggested

ViDA Software• Performs network-level safety planning analysis

to provide a safer roads investment plan• Web-based and easily accessed on-line• Free software use for all highway agencies and

their consultants• Uploads and processes input data for most

roadway systems within a few minutes• Displays results on-screen and in downloadable

Microsoft Excel® files• No detailed site-specific crash data needed• Network-wide crash data is useful for calibration

Who Can Benefit Most from Safer Roads Investment Plans?

• Highway agencies without good crash data– No crash data available– Manual crash reports but no automated data files– Automated crash data files, but no location data other than

verbal descriptions • Highway agencies without good crash analysis

systems• Highway agencies with good road inventory data• Highway agencies with video coverage of its road

system– In the age of Google Street View® and Bing Streetside®,

that’s almost everyone

usRAP Analysis Process

Coded Roadway Attribute Data

Safer RoadInvestment Plans

Road Safety Scores Star Ratings

STAR RATINGS

Star Ratings

• Star ratings have been used since the inception of RAP programs

• Star ratings are assigned based on presence or absence of road design and traffic control features related to safety

• Over 50 safety-related design and traffic control features are considered

• Star ratings are in 1 to 5 scale:– 5-star road (full range of known safety-related design and

traffic control features)– 1-star road (limited safety-related design and traffic control

features)

Star Ratings

• Separate star ratings by user type:– Vehicle occupants– Motorcyclists– Pedestrians– Bicyclists

Key Safety-Related Roadway Characteristics

• No. of lanes• One-way/two-way• Roadway width/lane width• Shoulder width• Horizontal alignment (esp. curve radius)• Vertical alignment (esp. grades)• Delineation• Road surface condition• Sidewalks


• Roadside severity• Shoulder rumble strips• Access point density• Median type• Intersection type• Pedestrian facilities• Bike facilities• Area type (rural/semi-urban/urban)• Land use (commercial/residential)


• Quality of curve• Quality of intersection• Quality of pedestrian crossing

Key Operational and Traffic Control Characteristics

• Traffic volume• Motorcycle percentage• Pedestrian flow• Bicycle flow• Intersecting road volume• Speed limit• 85th percentile traffic speed

Example of Coded Roadway Data File

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Road Photos Are Used for Attribute Coding

Example of Coding Tool for Safety-Related Road Attributes

Road Safety Scores

Vehicle occupantsRun off road

Head onIntersection

Run off roadHead on

Intersection

AlongAcross

AlongAcross

Intersection

Motorcyclists

Pedestrians

Bicyclists

Risk factorsRisk factorsRisk factors



Risk factorsRisk factors

Road users Crash types Road attributes

Road Safety Scores

Vehicle occupants

Run off road

Head on

Intersection

SpeedRoadside severity – left

Roadside severity – rightLane width

Paved shoulderCurvature

Curvature qualityDelineation

Shoulder rumbleRoad condition


SpeedMedian type

Number of lanesLane widthCurvature

Curvature qualityOvertaking demand

Road condition

SpeedIntersection type

Intersecting road volumeIntersection quality

Minor access density

Road Safety Scores

Along

Across

Pedestrians

SpeedSidewalk provision – left

Sidewalk provision – rightSide friction

SpeedNumber of lanes

Median typeCrossing facilities

Crossing facilities quality


Road Safety Scores

Along

Across

Intersection

Bicyclists

SpeedRoadside severity – left

Roadside severity – rightLane width

Paved shoulderCurvature

Curve qualityDelineation

Road conditionFacilitates for bikes

Side friction

SpeedCrossing facilitiesNumber of lanes

Median typeCrossing facilities

Crossing facilities quality

SpeedIntersection type

Intersecting road volumeIntersection quality

Minor access density


Star Rating/Crash RelationshipsAll F&S Injury Crashes/100 MVMT for All 2U Roadways

Star Rating Based on Individual Locations

All area types; groups with 10+ mi only

All

F&S

Inju

ry C

rash

es/1

00 M

VM

T

0

5

10

15

20

25

Car Star Rating for Individual Locations

1 2 3 4 5

17.8

8.4

5.7 4.8

Summary of Star Ratings for a Road Network

Car Users Motorcycle Users Bicycle Users Pedestrian Users

Star Rating Length (km's) % Length (km's) % Length (km's) % Length (km's) %

0 mi 0% 26 mi 7% 0 mi 0% 1 mi 0%

10 mi 3% 6 mi 2% 9 mi 2% 9 mi 2%

100 mi 27% 24 mi 6% 25 mi 7% 326 mi 88%

164 mi 43% 114 mi 30% 204 mi 55% 24 mi 6%

100 mi 27% 164 mi 44% 136 mi 36% 0 mi 0%

0 mi 0% 40 mi 11% 0 mi 0% 14 mi 4%

TOTAL 374 mi 100% 374 mi 100% 374 mi 100% 374 mi 100%

Example of Star Rating Variation Along a Road Section

SAFER ROADS INVESTMENT PLANS

Safer Roads Investment Plans

• Site-specific plan for cost-effective safety improvements

• Includes safety improvements for an entire road network

• Developed from same database as star ratings• Based on road attributes without the need for

detailed site-specific crash data• Network-wide crash data can be used for

calibration• No other comparable tool is available


• Considers over 70 countermeasures• Each countermeasure is reviewed for each 300-

ft (100-m) road segment.• A countermeasure is “triggered” if it makes

engineering sense for the location• Once a countermeasure is “triggered” economic

analysis is performed


• Countermeasures are incorporated in the plan for a given 300-ft (100–m) road segment if:– countermeasure is not already installed– BCR exceeds minimum BCR specified by the user– countermeasure is compatible with other cost-

effective countermeasures for the same location– countermeasure is not overridden by a mutually

exclusive countermeasure for the same location that is more cost-effective

– countermeasure is consistent with countermeasures recommended for adjacent road segments


• All analyses are based on consideration of fatalities and serious injuries

• Serious injuries are defined as Levels 3 through 5 on the Maximum Abbreviated Injury Scale (MAIS)– corresponds to A injuries and all or most B injuries on

the KABCO scale• Ratio of serious injuries to fatalities can be

based on actual crash data, where available


• User provides data or best available estimate for network-wide average fatalities per year

• Program logic decides how to allocate those crashes to the various road segments on the network

• Results can be reviewed/verified with download file



caption pod


comment here


verbally

Doug Harwood,MRIGlobal

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Live Demonstration of usRAP Analysis Software



caption pod


comment here


verbally

Bruce Hamilton,Roadway Safety Foundation

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Summary of usRAP

• Acknowledged by FHWA as a tool for data-driven safety analysis

• Applicable to ANY road/network, with special value in rural areas and for agencies without robust crash data

• Supported by global body of research and technical expertise

How to Pursue a usRAP Project

• We want to work with you!– Step 1: Reach out to us (contact info at the end)– Step 2: Get trained (next opportunity: July) – Step 3: Conduct a project & submit data for validation

= accreditation as a provider• Software: www.vida.irap.org

http://www.vida.irap.org/

FREE Training Opportunity

• July 27-28, Salt Lake City, UT

• Registration is free and open to all

• Attendees will receive preliminary accreditation

• Distance-learning trainings coming in the future



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comment here


verbally

In this webinar, you have learned to:

Learning Outcomes





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Upcoming 2016 Webinars

Roundtable on the Public Health Side of Rural Transportation Safety

• Joe Marek, Clackamas County, OR Engineer

• Sallie Clark, El Paso County, CO Commissioner and NACo President

• Howard Hedegard, Injury Prevention Center, Children’s Hospital

• Robert Morones, Injury Prevention Program at Indian Health Service

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Wed. July 6, 2016 9:00-10:30 AM Mountain

Click here to register

Archived Webinars

Access the webinar archives

http://ruralsafetycenter.org/training-education/safety-center-trainings/registration-for-safety-center-trainings/

http://events.r20.constantcontact.com/register/event?oeidk=a07ecqdkmrk36ab94a2&llr=ngyyawuab

http://ruralsafetycenter.org/training-education/safety-center-trainings/archived-safety-center-trainings/

http://ruralsafetycenter.org/training-education/safety-center-trainings/archived-safety-center-trainings/

Training Videos

• What is the National Center for Rural Road Safety?

• Introduction to Road Safety Culture

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Watch these videos

http://ruralsafetycenter.org/resources/multimedia/

http://ruralsafetycenter.org/resources/multimedia/

National Working Summit on Transportation in Rural America

Save the Date:

September 7-9, 2016 Denver, CO

Registration now open and draft agenda is

available!!!!

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Learn more and register here

http://ruralsafetycenter.org/news-events/moving-rural-america-summit/


To help you improve roadway safety, let us be your trusted “safety sidekick.”

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Contact Information

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usRAP: An Innovation in Data-Driven Safety Analysis · 2016-08-29 · – Manual crash reports but...

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