Using the InternetUsing the Internet

A Brief History• 1969 – ARPANET created by US Govt. to link

defense installations with major universities• 1972 – First email

• 1982 – TCP/IP is developed.

• 1983 – MILNET separates from ARPANET

• Mid 1980s – NSFNET replaces ARPANET

• 1989 – WWW developed by Tim Berners-Lee

Timeline Continued•1993 – First Web browser, Mosaic

•2006 – Over 92 million Websites are online

URL (Uniform Resource URL (Uniform Resource Locator)Locator)

The address of a Web site.The address of a Web site.

Ex: http://www.youtube.comEx: http://www.youtube.comhttp://www.pmsd.org/pmehs/http://www.pmsd.org/pmehs/http://www.free.com/kerby/page4.htmlhttp://www.free.com/kerby/page4.html

Parts of a URLParts of a URL

http://www.acme.com/support/techtips/2004.htmlhttp://www.acme.com/support/techtips/2004.html

Protocol

Domain Name

Path File Name

Protocol: method of data transfer; defined by rules

httphttp Hypertext Transfer ProtocolHypertext Transfer Protocol

ftpftp File Transfer ProtocolFile Transfer Protocol

Parts of a URLParts of a URL

http://www.acme.com/support/techtips/2004.htmlhttp://www.acme.com/support/techtips/2004.html

Domain name: identifies the Web server

Ex: www.youtube.comwww.pmsd.org

www.free.com

Protocol

Domain Name

Path File Name

Parts of a URLParts of a URL

http://www.acme.com/support/techtips/2004.htmlhttp://www.acme.com/support/techtips/2004.html

Path: folder document is stored in

Works like the paths (or folders) on your H drive

Protocol

Domain Name

Path File Name

Parts of a URLParts of a URL

http://www.acme.com/support/techtips/2004.htmlhttp://www.acme.com/support/techtips/2004.html

File name: name of a Website file.

Can be any file type including images, sound files, and documents like Word (.doc) and Adobe Reader files (.pdf)

Protocol

Domain Name

Path File Name

Domain Suffixes:Domain Suffixes: .com – commercial (for profit) based for .com – commercial (for profit) based for

business.business. .gov - government agency.gov - government agency .mil - military agency.mil - military agency .org - business or independent organization, .org - business or independent organization,

usually NOT for profitusually NOT for profit .int - large international organization like .int - large international organization like

NATONATO .net - large organization/network.net - large organization/network .edu - university or other educational .edu - university or other educational

facilityfacility

Adding other initials after the domain Adding other initials after the domain

identifies the country or country code.identifies the country or country code.

• .uk - United Kingdom.uk - United Kingdom• .nz - New Zealand.nz - New Zealand• .au - Australia.au - Australia• .fr - France.fr - France• .jp - Japan.jp - Japan• .is - Iceland.is - Iceland• .us - United States.us - United States

DNS (Domain Name Server)DNS (Domain Name Server)

Converts Domain Names to IP AddressesConverts Domain Names to IP Addresses• Easier to remember the nameEasier to remember the name

IP Address format: 999.999.999.999IP Address format: 999.999.999.999

Ex: 42.17.127.9Ex: 42.17.127.9 255.0.0.1255.0.0.1

Questions?Questions?