Using SAP NetWeaver with the Oracle Database Appliance · 2019. 11. 12. · Oracle Database...

An Oracle White Paper November 2012 Update September 2013

Using SAP NetWeaver with the Oracle Database Appliance

A Best Practices Guide

Preface .............................................................................................. 3

Oracle Database Appliance Installation Overview .............................. 5

ASM Disk Groups for SAP Databases ............................................ 7

Character Set Requirements for SAP Databases ............................... 8

Non-Unicode SAP Installations .......................................................... 8

Shared File Systems in SAP Environments ....................................... 9

Oracle Database Appliance for SAP Deployment ............................. 10

SAP Oracle Home Naming Requirements ....................................... 21

Using SAPinst on the Oracle Database Appliance ........................... 22

SAPinst: Oracle Database Instance ................................................. 36

Post SAPinst Installation Steps ........................................................ 58

SAP Database Administration with BR*Tools ................................... 59

Lifecycle Management for SAP Databases ...................................... 60

Installation of the Operating System and Firmware Patches ............ 61

Installation of the OAK Patch for SAP .............................................. 62

Installation of the SAP Bundle Patch for the Oracle Database Appliance .. 62

Migration of SAP Databases ........................................................... 63

Migration Approach 1: Oracle-to-Oracle (O2O) ACS Service and Customer

Self-Service ..................................................................................... 63

Migration Approach 2: Oracle-to-Oracle (Triple-O) ACS Service only64

Migration Approach 3: Oracle RMAN and Transportable Tablespaces65

Documentation References: ............................................................ 66


3

Preface

This document explains all the necessary steps to setup an SAP system based on the SAP

NetWeaver technology using an Oracle Database Appliance.

All SAP products and solutions based on SAP NetWeaver Technology using a minimum

SAP NetWeaver Version 7.0 are certified and supported to be used with the Oracle

Database Appliance. Therefore SAP products such as SAP ERP 6.0, SAP ECC 6.0, SAP

BW 7.0, SAP CRM 7.0 , SAP SRM 7.0 or SAP Solutions such as SAP Banking Services

version 7.0 can be used with the Oracle Database Appliance. SAP products which are not

based on SAP NetWeaver Technology such as SAP Business Objects cannot be used with

the Oracle Database Appliance.

The Oracle Database Appliance provides the following capabilities to an SAP

environment:

• Highly available active-active clustered database server for SAP Applications

• Highly available file server for SAP required shared file systems such as /sapmnt

• Complete clustering solution for SAP High Availability Resources such as Central

Services for both ABAP and JAVA stack

The Oracle Database Appliance cannot be used to run SAP application instances. SAP

application instances have to run on separate machines which use the Ethernet network to

exchange data with the database(s) on the Oracle Database Appliance. In SAP

terminology this is called a three tier architecture. This flexible three tier architecture

allows for any combination of hardware and operating systems running the SAP instances

to be used with the Oracle Database Appliance. So for example you can run or keep

existing SAP Application servers on AIX or HP-UX platforms connected to the Oracle

Database Appliance. This flexibility allows for an easy introduction of the Oracle

Database Appliance in existing SAP environments as it leaves the SAP application layer

unchanged. The only SAP components which are supported to run on the Oracle

Database Appliance are the SAP database administration tools (BR*Tools) and the SAP

central services (SCS and ASCS).

The following table shows the minimum required versions of Oracle software when

running SAP applications with the Oracle Database Appliance:

Oracle Database Appliance Version

End User Bundle Version

Grid Infrastructure Version

Database Version

2.4.0.0.0 plus OAK Patch 2.4.1.0.0 for SAP (*)

2.4.0.0.0

11.2.0.3.4 11.2.0.3.4 Single Instance 11.2.0.3.4 RAC

(*) The OAK Patch for SAP is only available on the SAP Service Marketplace. Please check

SAP Note 1785353 for more details.

When using SAP applications with the Oracle Database Appliance you can either use

Oracle Database 11g Release 2 or Oracle Real Application Clusters 11g Release 2. Oracle


4

Real Application Clusters One Node is not supported with SAP products and therefore

cannot be used.

The paper describes the SAP specific deployment and configuration of necessary Oracle

software settings on the Oracle Database Appliance, SAP specific database requirements,

information on how to install SAP required database patches for the Oracle Database

Appliance and suggestions for the implementation of shared file systems for SAP

installations.

SAP Note 1760737 will be updated on a regular base to reflect any changes on using SAP

Applications with the Oracle Database Appliance.

Overall this document complements the existing Oracle Database Appliance

documentation [1] and therefore it is assumed that the reader is familiar with the Oracle

Database Appliance documentation.

To understand the requirements and steps outlined in this document it is necessary that

the reader is also familiar with the SAP specific support notes and white papers on Oracle

RAC [2] and Oracle ASM [3].

SAP support notes [4] are available from the SAP Service Marketplace for authorized

users.


5

Oracle Database Appliance Installation Overview

To set up your Oracle Database Appliance for an SAP database, you must follow the

below steps:

1. Re-image the Oracle Database Appliance

If the Oracle Database Appliance is delivered with a factory image of version

less than 2.4.0.0.0, you must re-image the Oracle Database Appliance with the OS

ISO Image 2.4.0.0.0 or later. You can download the ISO image following the

links in Oracle Support Note 888888.1 and install it according to the instructions

in the Oracle Database Application documentation.

2. Install the Oracle Database Appliance Bundle Patch

Install the Oracle Database Appliance Bundle Patch corresponding to the Oracle

Database Appliance ISO image you installed in the first step (2.4.0.0.0 or later). It

is recommended to install the Oracle Database Appliance Bundle Patch even

after re-imaging the Oracle Database Appliance with an ISO image, since the

Oracle Database Appliance Bundle Patch may contain firmware patches that are

not installed by the ISO image. You can download the Oracle Database

Appliance Bundle Patch following the links in Oracle Support Note 888888.1 and

install it according to the instructions in the Oracle Database Application

documentation.

3. Install any additional, SAP-specific required Oracle Database Appliance

Patches.

For example, for the Oracle Database Appliance version 2.4.0.0.0 it is required to

install OAK Patch 2.4.1.0.0 for SAP before continuing with the Oracle Database

Appliance setup. You can download the OAK Patch 2.4.1.0.0 for SAP from the

SAP Service Marketplace following the instructions in SAP Note 1785353 and

install it according to the instruction in section "Installation of the OAK Patch

for SAP" of this white paper.

4. Install and deploy the Oracle Database Appliance End User Bundle

Install the Oracle Database Appliance End User Bundle corresponding to your

Oracle Database Appliance version and start the database deployment. You can

download the Oracle Database Appliance End User Bundle following the links in

Oracle Support Note 888888.1. Install and deploy the end user bundle according

to the instructions in section "Oracle Database Appliance for SAP Deployment"

of this white paper.

5. Use SAPinst to prepare the Oracle Database Appliance for an SAP

database

Run SAPinst as described in section "Using SAPinst on the Oracle Database

Appliance" of this white paper to create SAP-specific OS users, create SAP-

specific directories, and otherwise prepare the Oracle Database Appliance for an

SAP database.

6. Install the latest SAP Bundle Patch for the Oracle Database Appliance

It is required that any database instance has the latest SAP-recommended Oracle

grid and database patches installed. For the Oracle Database Appliance, these are

delivered in the SAP Bundle Patch for Oracle Database Appliance on the SAP


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Service Marketplace. You can download the latest SAP Bundle Patch for the

Oracle Database Appliance following the instructions in SAP Note 1785353 and

install it according to the instruction in section "Installation of the SAP Bundle

Patch for ODA" of this white paper.

7. Create or migrate an SAP database instance

Run SAPinst as described in section "Using SAPinst on the Oracle Database

Appliance" to create a new SAP database instance. That database instance will

use the Oracle database software deployed by the Oracle Database Appliance

End User Bundle above.

Alternatively, you can migrate an existing SAP database to the Oracle Database

Appliance as described in section "Migration of SAP Databases" of this white

paper.


7

ASM Disk Groups for SAP Databases

The default ASM Disk Groups provided by the Oracle Database Appliance should be

used for all SAP databases. For SAP production databases a redundancy level of high

should be used to achieve the highest level of protection against any type of storage

failure. Other SAP databases used for development, test and QA may use a normal ASM

redundancy level.

In line with the standard Oracle Database Appliance setup you should use the ASM disk

Groups “+DATA”, “+REDO” and “+RECO”. The DATA Group should contain all data

files, control files, spfiles, OCR and voting disks. The RECO Group should contain

temporary files, archive logs, flashback files and backups. The REDO Group should

contain all non-multiplexed redo log files.

When storing more than one SAP database (for instance an SAP ERP database and an

SAP BW database or an SAP ERP database with an SAP CRM database or multiple SAP

ERP databases) on the Oracle Database Appliance all files of each of these SAP databases

should follow the above recommendation and all be stored in the DATA , REDO and

RECO disk groups.

For performance and throughput reasons it is recommended for each SAP database to

only have two control files in the DATA disk group and non-multiplexed online redo log

files in the REDO disk group. As standard SAP installations use three control files in the

database it is recommended to remove one control file from the spfile or init.ora. Standard

SAP installations also use two members for each online redo log file. On the Oracle

Database Appliance it is therefore necessary to remove one member of each online redo

log file for each redo thread. The source database will have multiple redo threads if it was

a RAC database. Three control files and multiplexed online redo log files are not needed

on the Oracle Database Appliance as the control files and the online redo log files are

stored in the DATA and REDO disk groups which already provide triple mirroring for

each file at the Oracle ASM level due to the redundancy level of high.


8

Character Set Requirements for SAP Databases

New installations of SAP systems from NetWeaver 7.0 on only support Unicode. For an

SAP Unicode installation it is required that both the character and the national character

set in the database is set to UTF8. When deploying the Oracle Database Appliance for an

SAP Unicode system with the oakcli deploy command it is therefore mandatory to specify

UTF8 for the database character set. The national character set is automatically set to

UTF8 when the database character set UTF8 is chosen.

So please make sure that the default database and additional required databases for SAP

systems on the Oracle Database Appliance are always created with the SAP required

UTF8 database character set.

Non-Unicode SAP Installations

Existing Non-Unicode SAP installations can be used with the Oracle Database Appliance.

It is important for these Non-Unicode installations that the character and national

character set of the migrated databases from existing systems to the Oracle Database

Appliance are kept the same as in the original system. The character set will be WE8DEC.

The national character has to be always UTF8.

With the Oracle Database Appliance the national character is automatically set to UTF8

when the database character set WE8DEC is chosen.

It is mandatory that the SAP application of such a Non-Unicode SAP installation runs on

an operating system which supports the Non-Unicode runtime requirements of SAP. The

Product Availability Matrix (PAM) of SAP (http://www.service.sap.com/PAM) should be

checked for valid operating system support for Non-Unicode SAP installations.

In the case of Non-Unicode installations it is highly recommended to not change the

hardware or operating system for the SAP application layer. Only the existing database

server and storage layer should be changed to the Oracle Database Appliance.

Note: In the case of Non-Unicode SAP installations you cannot run the SAP Central

Services on the Oracle Database Appliance.


9

Shared File Systems in SAP Environments

In an SAP environment it is common that all SAP Application Servers have access to a

shared file system (/sapmnt, /usr/sap/trans, ...) which store the SAP kernels, profiles,

trace files and provide the global SAP transport directory. In typical SAP installations such

a shared file system is implemented using a NAS appliance, a cluster file system or through

an NFS exported file system from the database server. For high availability reasons a

cluster file system is being used or the source of the NFS location is protected by special

configurations such as HA-NFS to not be a single point of failure in an SAP environment.

If you already have an existing shared file system solution in your SAP environment not

using an NFS exported file system from the database server it is recommended to

continue to use this solution when moving to the Oracle Database Appliance.

The Oracle Database Appliance offers during the deployment phase the configuration of

a Cloud File System. This file system is based on Oracle's Advanced Cluster File System

(ACFS) and can be used for /sapmnt on all application servers, if it is NFS exported from

the database server.. After the deployment you can add additional file systems like

/usr/sap/trans,..., using Advanced Storage Management Configuration Assistance

(asmca).


10

Oracle Database Appliance for SAP Deployment

This section describes the deployment of the ODA End User Bundle for SAP. The

deployment installs the Oracle Grid and RDBMS software and creates an Oracle Grid

instance and an Oracle database.

The deployment can be divided into two major parts. The first part is the pre-installation

part, where all necessary customer specific parameters are collected and be stored into a

configuration file. The second part of the installation uses the information from the

configuration file. The deployment is divided into 25 automated running steps.

Before you can start the deployment of the Oracle Database Appliance end user bundle,

ensure that you have the latest Oracle Database Appliance Bundle Patch and any

additional, SAP-specific required Oracle Database Appliance patches installed. See

above section "Oracle Database Appliance Installation Overview" for more details.

The next pages show a step by step deployment.

Login as user root on the first node

Change to directory /tmp

Run the deployment:: /opt/oracle/oakcli/bin/oakcli deploy


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The Database Class depends on your need. Please use <Help> to verify the possible

database class sizes. For a first dummy database use Very Small.


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In this example deployment we use the Oracle Cloud FileSystem for the SAP shared file

system /sapmnt.

Do not select button <Install> here, but rather save the configuration to edit it in the next

steps.


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At this point cancel the Oracle Application Manager, edit the configuration file and

change the uid (DBUSERNO, CRSUSERNO) and gid (OINSTGROUPNO,

RACDBAGROUPNO,...) according to your IT needs. Restart the Oracle Application

Manager and load the changed configuration file. Use next and step to the Summary

screen.

Edit the configuration file:

...

# USER/GROUP INFO STANDARDROLE=1 CRSUSR=oracle CRSUSRNO=502 DBUSR=oracle DBUSRNO=502 OINSTGROUP=oinstall OINSTGROUPNO=508 RACDBAGROUP=dba RACDBAGROUPNO=502 RACOPERGROUP=oper RACOPERGROUPNO=507 OSASMGROUP=asmdba OSASMGROUPNO=505 OSASMOPERGROUP=asmoper OSASMOPERGROUPNO=506 OSASMADMINGROUP=asmadmin OSASMADMINGROUPNO=504

...

Restart /opt/oracle/oak/bin/oakcli deploy


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Use button <Next> to step to the Configuration type, choose SAP Application, and load

the configuration file.


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Step to the Summary.

Start the deployment using the button <Install>.


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21

SAP Oracle Home Naming Requirements

The correct installation and operation of any SAP utility such as SAPinst or BR*Tools on

the database nodes of the Oracle Database Appliance requires some preparation for the

correct setting of the ORACLE_HOME environment variable in the SAP environment.

The SAP environment requires the ORACLE_HOME environment variable to be set to

/oracle/<SID>/<release>.

To create an SAP database, SAPinst searches for the ORACLE_HOME directory. If there

is a usable installation with the Oracle RDBMS software correctly installed SAPinst will

not extract the RDBMS DVD, it will use the existing installation.

SAPinst looks for the RDBMS software in /oracle/<SID>/<release> the standard path

of SAP for the Oracle RDBMS software . The ODA deployment installs the RDBMS

software under /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.3/dbhome_1.

Therefore we need to create a symbolic link on both nodes.

– login to the nodes and create the directory /oracle and /oracle/<SID>

– [root@lsoda01 / ]# mkdir /oracle

– [root@lsoda01 / ]# chown oracle:oinstall /oracle

– [root@lsoda01 / ]# su – oracle

– create the symbolic link

– [oracle@lsoda01 / ]# mkdir -p /oracle/OS1

– [oracle@lsoda01 / ]# ln -s /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.3/dbhome_1

/oracle/OS1/112

– Repeat above steps on the second node

– [root@lsoda02 / ]# mkdir /oracle

– [root@lsoda02 / ]# chown oracle:oinstall /oracle

– [root@lsoda02 / ]# su – oracle

– create the symbolic link

– [oracle@lsoda02 / ]# mkdir -p /oracle/OS1

– [oracle@lsoda02 / ]# ln -s /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.3/dbhome_1

/oracle/OS1/112

mailto:root@lsoda01

mailto:root@lsoda01

mailto:root@lsoda01

mailto:root@lsoda01

mailto:root@lsoda01

mailto:root@lsoda01

mailto:root@lsoda01

mailto:root@lsoda01

mailto:root@lsoda01

mailto:root@lsoda01


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Using SAPinst on the Oracle Database Appliance

SAP has changed the installation utility SAPinst to work on the Oracle Database

Appliance. The next pages show the Oracle Database Appliance related steps from a

perspective of SAPinst. We start SAPinst with the step “Database Instance Preparation”

to create SAP-specific OS users, create SAP-specific directories, and otherwise prepare the

Oracle Database Appliance for an SAP database.


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Repeat the step “Database Instance Preparation” on the second node.


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SAPinst: Oracle Database Instance

Dependent on your installation needs, it is required to install the necessary SAP instances

(ASCS, SCS, ...) first, as described in the SAP Installation Guide.

After that you can start the database installation described on the next pages.


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Before you choose <Next> verify the OS user oracle belongs to OS group sapinst !


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Verify the database parameter compatible. If compatible is less than the database

compatibility of your ASM Disk Group, change the parameter to the database

compatibility of your ASM Disk Group compatibility.

In addition verify if the following parameters are set, if not add them.

_enable_NUMA_support = FALSE

_file_size_increase_increment= 2044M

_disable_interface_checking = TRUE

_gc_undo_affinity = FALSE

_gc_policy_time = 0

db_block_checksum = "FULL"

db_lost_write_protect = "TYPICAL"

db_block_checking = "FULL"

db_create_file_dest = "+DATA"

db_create_online_log_dest_1= "+REDO"


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Post SAPinst Installation Steps

Setup the environment for your new database on each node, edit the file /etc/oratab and

add the lines:

on first node lsoda01:

OS11:/oracle/OS1/112:N

on second node lsoda02 :

OS12:/oracle/OS1/112:N

the syntax is: database instance name (OS11 or OS12) : oracle home directory

(/oracle/OS1/112) : startup on boot (Y or N)

the script oraenv sets the environment dependent on the entries of /etc/oratab

Example:

>. oraenv

ORACLE_SID = [+ASM1] ? OS11

The Oracle base has been changed from /u01/app/grid to /u01/app/oracle

As SAPinst runs only on one node, we do have to copy some files from the installation

node to the secondary node.

-login on installation node

-change to directory <ORACLE_HOME>/dbs

-scp init<ORACLE_SID2> .ora to

<node2>:/<ORACLE_HOME>/dbs/init<ORACLE_SID2>.ora


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SAP Database Administration with BR*Tools

The installation and configuration of BR*Tools is done by the above described Database

Instance step of SAPInst. Therefore you can use BR*Tools on the Oracle Database

Appliance to manage the Oracle database for SAP. More related information on BR*Tools

can be found in SAP Notes 1598594 and 1598868.


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Lifecycle Management for SAP Databases

An Oracle Database Appliance requires regular patching at several levels of its software

stack:

• Oracle RDBMS software

• Oracle Grid Infrastructure software

• Oracle Appliance Kit (OAK) software

• Operating system and firmware

This section describes how to install patches for the above components of an Oracle

Database Appliance running databases for SAP applications. For more general

information on the Oracle Database Appliance components and patches, see My Oracle

Support Note 888888.1 ("Oracle Database Appliance - 2.x Supported Versions & Known

Issues").

An Oracle Database Appliance requires the following patches and bundle patches for a

complete update (with the mentioned patch versions current at the time of this writing):

• ODA Bundle Patch 2.4.0.0.0

• OAK Patch 2.4.1.0.0 for SAP

• SAP Bundle Patch 11.2.0.3.4 - 201211 for ODA

Oracle tests and certifies these patches and their successors for SAP databases on a regular

basis and makes them available for SAP customers on My Oracle Support and the SAP

Service Marketplace. You can find up-to-date release information on the patches and their

download locations in SAP Note 1785353 ("ODA 11.2.0: Patches for 11.2.0.3").

Note: Each SAP Bundle Patch for the Oracle Database Appliance is certified for

only one specific Oracle Database Appliance version.

You must not combine SAP Bundle Patches and Oracle Database Appliance versions that

are not certified to operate together. For example, SAP Bundle Patches 11.2.0.3.4 -

201211, 201212, and 201301 must be installed on ODA version 2.4.1.0.0 only, and must

not be installed on ODA version 2.5.0.0.0 or later. See SAP Note 1785353 for information

on certified combinations of SAP Bundle Patches for ODA and ODA versions.

In a nutshell, you install the above patches in the following steps:

1. Refer to SAP Note 1785353 to determine the required patches and their

download locations.

2. Download the ODA Bundle Patch and install its operating system and firmware

patches.

3. Download and install the OAK Patch for SAP.

4. Download and install the SAP Bundle Patch for ODA.

Note: Do not install the Grid Infrastructure patches and the RDBMS patches from

the Oracle Database Appliance Bundle Patch.


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Install them in the last step from the SAP Bundle Patch for the Oracle Database

Appliance instead.

Installation of the Operating System and Firmware Patches

To install the operating system and firmware patches, perform the following steps:

1. Download the Oracle Database Appliance Bundle Patch to both Oracle Database

Appliance nodes

2. On both Oracle Database Appliance nodes, verify your current Oracle Database

Appliance version:

/opt/oracle/oak/bin/oakcli show version

3. On both Oracle Database Appliance nodes, unpack the Oracle Database

Appliance Bundle Patch:

/opt/oracle/oak/bin/oakcli unpack -package <absolute_path_to_ODA_bundle_patch>

4. On the first Oracle Database Appliance node, start installation of the operating

system and firmware patches of the Oracle Database Appliance Bundle Patch.

The oakcli utility installs the patches automatically on both nodes.

/opt/oracle/oak/bin/oakcli update -patch <version_of_ODA_bundle_patch> --infra

Depending on which components of the Oracle Database Appliance are updated, this

command may reboot the nodes.

See section "Patching the Infrastructure Components" in the Readme of the Oracle

Database Appliance Bundle Patch for complete information on the installation of its

operating system and firmware patches.

Note: Do not install the Grid Infrastructure patches and the RDBMS patches from

the Oracle Database Appliance Bundle Patch.

Install them as described in the next section from the SAP Bundle Patch for Oracle

Database Appliance instead.

Note: Installation of the Oracle Database Appliance Bundle Patch and the SAP

Bundle Patch for Oracle Database Appliance is not RAC-rolling.


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Installation of the OAK Patch for SAP

To install the OAK Patch for SAP, perform the following steps:

1. Download the OAK Patch for SAP to both Oracle Database Appliance nodes

2. On both Oracle Database Appliance nodes, verify your current Oracle Database

Appliance version:

/opt/oracle/oakcli/bin/oakcli show version

3. On both Oracle Database Appliance nodes, unpack the OAK Patch for SAP:

/opt/oracle/oakcli/bin/oakcli unpack -package

<absolute_path_to_OAK_patch_for_SAP>

4. On the first Oracle Database Appliance node, start installation of the OAK Patch

for SAP. The oakcli utility installs the patch automatically on both nodes.

/opt/oracle/oakcli/bin/oakcli update -patch <version_of_OAK_patch_for_SAP> --infra

See the readme of the OAK Patch for SAP for complete installation instructions.

Installation of the SAP Bundle Patch for the Oracle Database Appliance

Ensure that the operating system environment requirements are fulfilled on both Oracle

Database Appliance nodes as described in section "Operating System Environment

Requirements" of the SAP Bundle Patch readme.

Then follow the instructions from section "SAP Bundle Patch Installation" to install the

SAP Bundle Patch for the Oracle Database Appliance. This usually comprises:

• Installation of the latest OPatch and MOPatch utilities.

• Installation of the Grid Infrastructure patches in the grid homes.

• Installation of the RDBMS patches in the RDBMS homes.

• Execution of post-installation instructions, most notably of the catsbp.sql

script.

Note: Installation of the Oracle Database Appliance Bundle Patch and the SAP

Bundle Patch for Oracle Database Appliance is not RAC-rolling.


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Migration of SAP Databases

Although there are several possibilities to migrate an existing SAP database to the Oracle

Database Appliance it is recommended to choose one of the following approaches as

these have been successfully tested.

Migration Approach 1: Oracle-to-Oracle (O2O) ACS Service and Customer Self-Service

This way of database migration exists for many years and is being used to migrate an SAP

database between different systems. The method is also described in the SAP Note

1508271. O2O allows for homogenous and heterogeneous system copies.

A homogenous system copy is a migration where the source and target operating system is

the same. A heterogeneous system copy is a migration where the source and target system

have different operating systems. With an heterogeneous system copy you can for instance

migrate an existing SAP AIX database to an Oracle Database Appliance Linux database.

O2O supports all operating systems SAP products are certified on.

The advantage of this method is, that you can combine the operating system change with

multiple options to get most out of the migration:

• As part of the database migration, the whole database is reorganized. This can

free up a significant amount of space within tables and indexes.

• The tablespace layout can be changed to the new SAP standard or to a customer

own customized one. It is also possible to move single tables and indexes to separate

tablespaces or to merge them into existing or new ones. This allows you to unify the SAP

landscape by using a default tablespace name like “PSAPSR3” in all SAP systems

• The SAP schema name can be changed for instance to “SAPSR3” to unify the

SAP landscape.

• The number of data files and mount points can be significantly reduced, by either

optimizing the tablespace layout or the size of the data files and file systems

• Tablespaces are created with LMTS and ASSM

• Data files will be converted from file systems to Oracle ASM

• LOB or LONG data types can be converted to Secure files (11.2 only)

• You can compress the indexes on the target database by using Oracle index

compression. The compression calculation is executed as described in SAP Note 1109743.

The correct index compression for each index is determined automatically.

• You can compress tables on the target system. The compression will compress all

SAP tables as recommended in SAP Note 1431296.

• With O2O it is possible to combine a platform migration with a release upgrade.

The migration method supports every combination of Unix, Windows or Linux on source

and target system. So you can migrate an existing Oracle 10.2 database on HP-UX to an

Oracle Database Appliance.


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• It is possible to upgrade directly to an higher database release. Currently with the

O2O method direct database migrations are possible between different Oracle versions.

So it is possible to upgrade directly from Oracle 9i to Oracle 11g by using O2O. You also

do not need the most current patchset of the lower Oracle release to run the migration. A

complete overview about the upgrade paths between different Oracle versions is given at

the end of this chapter.

The downtime needed to migrate a database with the O2O method is depending on the

database size, the included database objects (SAP cluster tables, partitioned tables) and the

available hardware resources(CPU, Memory, Storage, Network). Up to 1TB/hour is

possible.

Migration Approach 2: Oracle-to-Oracle (Triple-O) ACS Service only

If the downtime requirements cannot be fulfilled with the O2O offline method, you can

use as an alternative the Triple-O method. The Triple-O method allows to migrate an

Oracle database with a downtime for the database copy of not more than 15 minutes. The

downtime is independent from the database size. The downtime is needed to stop the

SAP system on the source, check the final synchronization of the migrated system and to

restart SAP on the target system.

The Triple-O method is a further development of the O2O method. This method is

certified by SAP to perform an online migration and documented in SAP Note 1508271.

So all systems migrated with this method are fully supported by SAP after the migration.

The Triple-O method is using the O2O technology to perform the initial data load

(copying the current contents of the source database to the target database) while the SAP

application is up and running. Oracle GoldenGate is used to synchronize all changes

applied on the source system, while the migration is running. The method fully supports

DDL and DML operations. There are no limitations for the usage of the SAP system

during the migration.

With the Triple-O method you can make use of all features listed for the O2O method.

Also heterogeneous database migrations and direct database upgrades are supported.

When using Triple-O:

• There is no downtime needed to start or stop the online migration

• No need for special database patches

• Migration can be started and stopped at any time without risk for the productive

system

• Downtime needed for the database copy part of the migration is typically only 15

minutes. The downtime is independent from the database size.

• Triple-O fully supports DDL and DML commands

• Triple-O is SAP release independent

Prerequisites for Triple-O:

• At least Oracle version 9i on source


65

• 30% free CPU time in average on database server

• Additional file system space of 50% of the redo log amount in 24h on the source

• Additional file system space of 50% of the redo log amount in 48h (or the

duration of the initial data load) on the target

Limitations of Triple-O:

• Oracle GoldenGate currently does not support compressed tables on the source

system. These tables must be either decompressed before the migration, or must be

migrated at the end in a downtime windows

Impact on productive system:

• Increased redo log volume, because supplemental logging must be activated on

the source

Summary:

These well established methods offer a fast and reliable approach, not only to migrate a

SAP database from any SAP supported OS platform from Oracle Database 9i Release 2

on to the Oracle Database Appliance, but also to implement a couple of additional

features and benefits into the migration process. This adds more value to the database

migration and will increase the ROI for instance by reducing the storage costs with

table/index compression.

Migration Approach 3: Oracle RMAN and Transportable Tablespaces

Through the DUPLICATE DATABASE command of Oracle RMAN it is possible to

copy an existing Linux, Solaris or Windows database running on an x86_64 platform to

the Oracle Database Appliance without any downtime.

By using Transportable Tablespaces it is possible to copy an existing database from any

UNIX platform to the Oracle Database Appliance.

Both ways are explained in detail in the document “Moving your SAP Database to Oracle

Automatic Storage Management 11g Release 2”. The document can be downloaded from

the SAP Community Network (SCN) under http://scn.sap.com/community/oracle.

http://scn.sap.com/community/oracle


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Documentation References:

[1] Oracle Database Appliance Documentation

http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/server-storage/engineered-systems/database-

appliance/documentation/index.html

[2] Configuration of SAP NetWeaver for Oracle Grid Infrastructure 11.2.0.2 and Oracle

Real Application Clusters 11g Release 2: A Best Practices Guide


[3] SAP Databases on Oracle Automatic Storage Management 11g Release 2:

Configuration Guidelines for Unix and Linux Platforms


[4] Relevant SAP Notes:

• 1760737 – SAP Software and Oracle Database Appliance (ODA)

• 1785353 – ODA 11.2.0: Patches for 11.2.0.3

• 1431798 – Oracle 11.2.0: Database Parameter Settings

• 1550133 – Oracle Automatic Storage Management (ASM)

http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/server-storage/engineered-systems/database-appliance/documentation/index.html

http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/server-storage/engineered-systems/database-appliance/documentation/index.html




67

Using SAP NetWeaver with the

Oracle Exadata Database

Machine

November 2012

Author: Martin Sautter

Contributing Authors: Anil Nair,

Tammy Bednar, Jan Klokkers,

Jens Schmidt

Oracle Corporation World Headquarters 500 Oracle Parkway Redwood Shores, CA 94065 U.S.A.

Oracle Corporation

World Headquarters

500 Oracle Parkway

Redwood Shores, CA 94065

U.S.A.

Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. This document is provided for

information purposes only and

the contents hereof are subject to change without notice. This document is not warranted to be

error-free, nor subject to any other warranties or conditions, whether expressed orally or implied

in law, including implied warranties and conditions of merchantability or

fitness for a particular purpose. We specifically disclaim any liability with respect to this

document and no contractual obligations are formed either directly or indirectly by this document.

This document may not be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any

means, electronic or mechanical, for any purpose, without our prior written permission.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be

trademarks of their respective owners.

1112

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© 2013 SAP AG. All rights reserved.

SAP, R/3, SAP NetWeaver, Duet, PartnerEdge, ByDesign, SAP

BusinessObjects Explorer, StreamWork, SAP HANA, and other SAP

products and services mentioned herein as well as their respective

logos are trademarks or registered trademarks of SAP AG in Germany

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These materials are subject to change without notice. These materials

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