Using NASA capabilities for biodiversity assessment and ecological forecasting in coral reef...
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![Page 1: Using NASA capabilities for biodiversity assessment and ecological forecasting in coral reef environments Christopher Moses, Frank Mller-Karger, and Serge.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050813/5a4d1b8a7f8b9ab0599be767/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Using NASA capabilities for biodiversity assessment and
ecological forecasting in coral reef environments
Christopher Moses, Frank Müller-Karger, and Serge Andréfouët
NASA Biodiversity and Ecological Forecasting MeetingWashington DC - August 29 to 31, 2005
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Questions
• What needs to be done for science and conservation of coral reefs?
• What is NASA currently doing for science and conservation of coral reefs?
• How could NASA advance science and conservation applications for coral reefs?
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Biodiversity of Coral Reefs
• Reefs fringe ~15% of world’s coastlines• High biodiversity
– >2,000 reef fishes– >800 species of corals– ~7% of corals and 27% of fish are endemic
• Roberts, et al., 2002
• ~58% are threatened by human activities• Ginsburg, et al., 1994
• 14-30% reef loss by 2050 due to climate variability
• Kleypas, et al., 1999
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Biodiversity and Coral Research
• Biodiversity: – Inventory/cataloging of diversity– Factors controlling diversity– Influence of diversity on processes– Management, biodiversity conservation
• Ecological forecasting:– Dynamics of these fields under changing climate and
anthropogenic impacts– Planning and management for predicted changes
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Organism (coral colony)
Community
Island and reef geomorphology
Global coral reef distribution
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NASA’s Right Stuff (2000-2008)
• Millennium Coral Reef Map:– Landsat 7 systematic global coral reef
acquisitions • Geomorphology mapping• On-line archive at SeaWiFS Project
• Interdisciplinary study (IDS) on coral reef connectivity:– Mesoamerican barrier reef– French Polynesia– Great Barrier Reef
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Coral Reef RS Priorities
• Reef mapping (Millennium Map)– Geomorphology, communities, species
• Climatology of land, ocean and atmosphere around reefs (IDS)– Forcing of local water masses (circulation, temperature,
pollution, etc…)
• Modeling and forecasting of the biodiversity dynamics (IDS)– Connectivity, climate change, anthropogenic impacts
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Millennium Coral Reef Map
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Previous Coral Reef Maps
UNEP-WCMCReefBase
SE New Caledonia
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Ishigaki, Ryukyus, Japan
Sample Landsat-7true color composite
used in Millennium Map
35 geomorphic reef units
Monitoring design- Ideal sampling- Reference for site selection- Representative of sites
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USF Millenium
UNEP-WCMC
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Reef Area Estimations
Oceanic Reefs
y = 0.4052xR2 = 0.6124
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400UNEP-WCMC
Millennium
Continental Reefs
y = 0.447xR2 = 0.0902
0
200
400
600
800
0 200 400 600 800UNEP-WCMC
Millennium
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NASACoral Reef Connectivity
Interdisciplinary Study (IDS)
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River Plumes - SeaWiFS
SeaWiFS ag440, Feb 12, 2004 SeaWiFS ag440, Feb 24, 2004
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River Plumes - MODISMODIS/Aqua, Oct. 19, 2003
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Connectivity Modeling
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Connectivity Modeling
• Larval transport and settlement• Spread of disease• Metapopulation dynamics• Range of anthropogenic influence• Possible regions of refugia
• Trans-boundary planning of protected areas
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Conclusions
• Meeting needs for mapping, integration with environmental data, and connectivity modeling
• NASA’s impact on the management community is growing
• However:– Poor (public/management/scientist) understanding of
the possibilities and limits of the data and products– Need for the creation of an application-oriented
structure (jointly with ??) of user-friendly systems to consult and download in simple format
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Acknowledgements
• NASA
• Julie Robinson (NASA), Damaris Torres-Pulizza, Alan Spraggins, Christine Kranenburg, Chuanmin Hu, Gene C. Feldman, Norman Kuring, Ed Green (WCMC), Marco Noordeloos (WorldFish/ReefBase)