Using Mikrotik For NLOS Neighborhood.pdf
Transcript of Using Mikrotik For NLOS Neighborhood.pdf
![Page 1: Using Mikrotik For NLOS Neighborhood.pdf](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052305/58496dd91a28aba93a8ee479/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
(c) LearnMikrotik.com, 2009
Case Study: Using MikroTik for Non-Line of Sight Neighborhood Cells
![Page 2: Using Mikrotik For NLOS Neighborhood.pdf](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052305/58496dd91a28aba93a8ee479/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
(c) LearnMikrotik.com, 2009
About Me
• Steve Discher• College Station, Texas USA
![Page 3: Using Mikrotik For NLOS Neighborhood.pdf](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052305/58496dd91a28aba93a8ee479/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
(c) LearnMikrotik.com, 2009
![Page 4: Using Mikrotik For NLOS Neighborhood.pdf](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052305/58496dd91a28aba93a8ee479/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
(c) LearnMikrotik.com, 2009
![Page 5: Using Mikrotik For NLOS Neighborhood.pdf](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052305/58496dd91a28aba93a8ee479/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
(c) LearnMikrotik.com, 2009
About Me
• Operate a WISP with about 350 subscribers, sales for a 17,000 sq-ft Tier IV Data Center (FIBERTOWN.com)
• Supply bandwidth to another WISP with about 1,200 subscribers
• MikroTik Instructor, consultant, LearnMikroTik.com
![Page 6: Using Mikrotik For NLOS Neighborhood.pdf](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052305/58496dd91a28aba93a8ee479/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
(c) LearnMikrotik.com, 2009
The Problem
• Conventional unlicensed 802.11a/b/g technologies in the 2.4-5.8 spectrum require line of sight between the client and the access point for reliable links
• Exceptions• In many areas, 50-60 foot structures are
required to establish line of sight from customer locations to clear tree canopy
![Page 7: Using Mikrotik For NLOS Neighborhood.pdf](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052305/58496dd91a28aba93a8ee479/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
(c) LearnMikrotik.com, 2009
The Problem
Options: • Telescoping masts• Bracketed towers• Guyed towers• Free standing towers• Available structure
![Page 8: Using Mikrotik For NLOS Neighborhood.pdf](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052305/58496dd91a28aba93a8ee479/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
(c) LearnMikrotik.com, 2009
![Page 9: Using Mikrotik For NLOS Neighborhood.pdf](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052305/58496dd91a28aba93a8ee479/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
(c) LearnMikrotik.com, 2009
Telescoping Masts
• Expensive / labor intensive to erect• Unsightly• Expensive to maintain• May be prohibited by homeowner’s associations• Incremental cost any time the equipment needs
servicing, often damaged or turned in windy conditions
• Average cost for a 50 foot telescoping mast installed - $300 US ($50-75 labor each time serviced)
![Page 10: Using Mikrotik For NLOS Neighborhood.pdf](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052305/58496dd91a28aba93a8ee479/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
(c) LearnMikrotik.com, 2009
Bracketed, Guyed, Free Standing Towers
• Expensive / labor intensive to erect• Unsightly• Homeowners concerned about lightning• May be prohibited by homeowner’s
associations• Average cost for a 50 foot Rohn tower,
installed - $1,500 US
![Page 11: Using Mikrotik For NLOS Neighborhood.pdf](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052305/58496dd91a28aba93a8ee479/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
(c) LearnMikrotik.com, 2009
A Solution
• Non-line of sight equipment operating in the 900 MHz spectrum
• Lower frequencies have the ability to “cut through” some amounts of foliage thereby allowing you to mount the device below the tree canopy
![Page 12: Using Mikrotik For NLOS Neighborhood.pdf](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052305/58496dd91a28aba93a8ee479/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
(c) LearnMikrotik.com, 2009
New Solution – New Advantages
• 900 MHz frequency penetrates foliage BETTER than 2.4 or 5.8 GHz
• WILL NOT penetrate hills or mountains• WILL NOT penetrate miles of foliage• New sources of interference
Remember: “Most problems are the result of a previous solution.”
![Page 13: Using Mikrotik For NLOS Neighborhood.pdf](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052305/58496dd91a28aba93a8ee479/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
(c) LearnMikrotik.com, 2009
Legacy Frequency Wi-Fi Solutions
• 2.4 GHz suffers from interference from:o Cordless phoneso Wireless home routerso Baby monitorso Other ISP’s
![Page 14: Using Mikrotik For NLOS Neighborhood.pdf](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052305/58496dd91a28aba93a8ee479/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
(c) LearnMikrotik.com, 2009
New Solution-New Challenges
• 900 MHz suffers from interference from:o Cordless phoneso Baby monitorso Other ISP’s (especially Motorola Canopy)o SCADA – Supervisory Control and Data
Acquisition systems, utility companies, oilfield service companies, etc.
o Paging companies
![Page 15: Using Mikrotik For NLOS Neighborhood.pdf](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052305/58496dd91a28aba93a8ee479/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
(c) LearnMikrotik.com, 2009
Adapting the New Solution
• Mistake #1: “I can simply add a 900 AP next to my existing 2.4 and 5.8 AP’s on my 300 foot tower and serve all the customers I previously turned down.”
• If you thought 2.4 had interference issues, wait until you try 900!
![Page 16: Using Mikrotik For NLOS Neighborhood.pdf](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052305/58496dd91a28aba93a8ee479/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
(c) LearnMikrotik.com, 2009
Adapting the New Solution
• Mitigate interference from external sources
• Mitigate interference from internal sources
![Page 17: Using Mikrotik For NLOS Neighborhood.pdf](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052305/58496dd91a28aba93a8ee479/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
(c) LearnMikrotik.com, 2009
![Page 18: Using Mikrotik For NLOS Neighborhood.pdf](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052305/58496dd91a28aba93a8ee479/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
(c) LearnMikrotik.com, 2009
Adapting the New Solution
• Mitigate interference from external sources
• Mitigate interference from internal sources• Maintain low cost of entry for customers• Operate in areas where homeowner’s
restrictions may prevent the use of towers or masts
![Page 19: Using Mikrotik For NLOS Neighborhood.pdf](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052305/58496dd91a28aba93a8ee479/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
(c) LearnMikrotik.com, 2009
What are neighborhood cells?
![Page 20: Using Mikrotik For NLOS Neighborhood.pdf](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052305/58496dd91a28aba93a8ee479/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
(c) LearnMikrotik.com, 2009
Neighborhood Cells
• Utilize conventional, existing towers and unlicensed/licensed links to backhaul bandwidth into neighborhoods
• Utilize NLOS frequencies for access within the neighborhood
![Page 21: Using Mikrotik For NLOS Neighborhood.pdf](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052305/58496dd91a28aba93a8ee479/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
(c) LearnMikrotik.com, 2009
Neighborhood Cells
• This design tracks the Three-Layered Hierarchical Modelo Core Layero Distribution Layero Access Layer
• Benefit of utilizing existing Wi-Fi infrastructure as your Distribution Layer
• New, low cost infrastructure as the Access Layer
![Page 22: Using Mikrotik For NLOS Neighborhood.pdf](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052305/58496dd91a28aba93a8ee479/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
(c) LearnMikrotik.com, 2009
![Page 23: Using Mikrotik For NLOS Neighborhood.pdf](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052305/58496dd91a28aba93a8ee479/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
(c) LearnMikrotik.com, 2009
The Equipment
• Distribution Layero Existing P-MP Wi-Fi gear, typically 5.x GHz for
higher throughput and decreased interference due to more available channels
o Our network, all MikroTik and Nstremeo AP’s (access points) located on water towers,
backhauled to our core in the Data Center
![Page 24: Using Mikrotik For NLOS Neighborhood.pdf](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052305/58496dd91a28aba93a8ee479/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
(c) LearnMikrotik.com, 2009
The Equipment
• Access Layer (neighborhood Tower & CPE)o Ubiquity 900 MHz cards with MikroTik for APo Omni antenna at APo Integrated panel antennas with Ubiquity 900
MHz cards with MikroTik for CPE
![Page 25: Using Mikrotik For NLOS Neighborhood.pdf](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052305/58496dd91a28aba93a8ee479/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
(c) LearnMikrotik.com, 2009
![Page 26: Using Mikrotik For NLOS Neighborhood.pdf](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052305/58496dd91a28aba93a8ee479/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
(c) LearnMikrotik.com, 2009
+ +
Neighborhood Tower - Access
RouterBoard 433
Comet 9.2 dBi Omin
![Page 27: Using Mikrotik For NLOS Neighborhood.pdf](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052305/58496dd91a28aba93a8ee479/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
(c) LearnMikrotik.com, 2009
+ +
Neighborhood Tower - Distribution
RouterBoard 433AH(Dual Cards)
Arc Wireless 23 dBiPanel
![Page 28: Using Mikrotik For NLOS Neighborhood.pdf](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052305/58496dd91a28aba93a8ee479/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
(c) LearnMikrotik.com, 2009
+ +
CPE – Customer Premise Equipment
RouterBoard 411
ArcWireless 12.5 db Integrated
![Page 29: Using Mikrotik For NLOS Neighborhood.pdf](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052305/58496dd91a28aba93a8ee479/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
(c) LearnMikrotik.com, 2009
The Neighborhood Tower Itself
• Most Cost Effective – existing Rohn TV towero Lowest cost of entryo Trade space on tower for serviceo Fastest deploymento May have been “grandfathered” into the
subdivision thereby avoiding issues with restrictions or covenants
![Page 30: Using Mikrotik For NLOS Neighborhood.pdf](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052305/58496dd91a28aba93a8ee479/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
(c) LearnMikrotik.com, 2009
The Neighborhood Tower Itself
• Least Cost Effective – build a bracketed or free standing towero Higher cost of entryo Trade ground lease for tower for serviceo Longer deployment timeo Better choice of location
![Page 31: Using Mikrotik For NLOS Neighborhood.pdf](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052305/58496dd91a28aba93a8ee479/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
(c) LearnMikrotik.com, 2009
Final Configuration
![Page 32: Using Mikrotik For NLOS Neighborhood.pdf](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052305/58496dd91a28aba93a8ee479/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
(c) LearnMikrotik.com, 2009
Examples
![Page 33: Using Mikrotik For NLOS Neighborhood.pdf](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052305/58496dd91a28aba93a8ee479/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
(c) LearnMikrotik.com, 2009
Examples
![Page 34: Using Mikrotik For NLOS Neighborhood.pdf](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052305/58496dd91a28aba93a8ee479/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
(c) LearnMikrotik.com, 2009
Examples
Remote Reboot
UPS
POE
Customer POE
NEMA Enclosure
![Page 35: Using Mikrotik For NLOS Neighborhood.pdf](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052305/58496dd91a28aba93a8ee479/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
(c) LearnMikrotik.com, 2009
Interference Mitigation
• Use top of tower to shoot over canopy for backhaul, 50-60 ft level
• Place the 900 omni at or just below treetop level to shield it from external interference
• Provides shortest length of shot through foliage
![Page 36: Using Mikrotik For NLOS Neighborhood.pdf](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052305/58496dd91a28aba93a8ee479/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
(c) LearnMikrotik.com, 2009
Interference Mitigation
![Page 37: Using Mikrotik For NLOS Neighborhood.pdf](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052305/58496dd91a28aba93a8ee479/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
(c) LearnMikrotik.com, 2009
The Economics
• ROI – Faster return on Investment, conventional large scale, point-to-multipoint towers versus neighborhood cells
![Page 38: Using Mikrotik For NLOS Neighborhood.pdf](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052305/58496dd91a28aba93a8ee479/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
(c) LearnMikrotik.com, 2009
Conventional Distribution Tower Model
• Typically employ at least 3 access points on 120 degree sectors to serve 360 degree area
• Depending on the technology used, rates delivered and other factors, each AP can server 40-50 clients
• Total client load per tower, 150 clients• Each client requires line of sight• Based on our experience, in our area somewhere
between 35% and 60% of clients that we could serve require a tower to clear tree canopy
![Page 39: Using Mikrotik For NLOS Neighborhood.pdf](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052305/58496dd91a28aba93a8ee479/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
(c) LearnMikrotik.com, 2009
Capital Investment - Tower
• Assuming typical construction costs for a 200 foot tower with 3 each 5 GHz Ap’so Tower, labor and materials: $10,000o Sector Antennas: $200 ea = $600o Radios: $250 ea = $750 o Backhaul: Antennas and electronics $900o Switch, POE’s, labor, misc $600 Total capital investment for tower $12,850 Average cost per client at 75% of full capacity $114
![Page 40: Using Mikrotik For NLOS Neighborhood.pdf](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052305/58496dd91a28aba93a8ee479/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
(c) LearnMikrotik.com, 2009
Capital Investment Neighborhood Cell
• Best case scenario, customer with existing TV towero Install electrical, labor and materials: $200o AP/BH Radio: $350o 900 Omni $85o 5.8 Backhaul antenna $85o Switch, POE’s, labor, misc $400 Total capital investment for tower $1,120 Average cost per client at 75% of full capacity (15
clients typical) $74
![Page 41: Using Mikrotik For NLOS Neighborhood.pdf](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052305/58496dd91a28aba93a8ee479/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
(c) LearnMikrotik.com, 2009
Other Considerations
• Higher rate of penetration into a market area due to:o reduced up-front costo reduced footprint at CPE, aestheticso ability to operate in areas with homeowner’s
restrictions that may prevent owning a towero faster time to market
![Page 42: Using Mikrotik For NLOS Neighborhood.pdf](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052305/58496dd91a28aba93a8ee479/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
(c) LearnMikrotik.com, 2009
Summary of Costs per Client
• Conventional Towero Total investment $12,850o $114 per Client
• Neighborhood Cell:o Total investment $1,120o $74 per client
Note: CPE cost is higher for 900 but typically this is covered by the installation fee.
![Page 43: Using Mikrotik For NLOS Neighborhood.pdf](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052305/58496dd91a28aba93a8ee479/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
(c) LearnMikrotik.com, 2009
15 clients associated, lowest signal strength -85
![Page 44: Using Mikrotik For NLOS Neighborhood.pdf](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052305/58496dd91a28aba93a8ee479/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
(c) LearnMikrotik.com, 2009
Summary
• NLOS Neighborhood cells can provide:• Penetration into areas where service was
previously not possible• Lower cost of entry• Lower build-out cost per client• Faster time to market• Interference mitigation• Faster return of capital investment
![Page 45: Using Mikrotik For NLOS Neighborhood.pdf](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052305/58496dd91a28aba93a8ee479/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
(c) LearnMikrotik.com, 2009
Contact Me
Steve Discher Certified MikroTik Trainer & Consultant
[email protected] http://www.LearnMikrotik.com