Using Methanol Safely - Wayne State...
Transcript of Using Methanol Safely - Wayne State...
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Using Methanol Safely
G.C. Wellon, P.Eng.Manager, Responsible Care
04 February 2008
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Overview
• Methanex – who we are
• Responsible Care – why we care
• Methanol and its properties
• Health affects & first aid
• Protection & Detection
• Fire Prevention
• Spill Response
• Resources Available
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Methanex Corporation
• Methanex Corporation
8 Methanex is the world’s largest methanol producer and marketer
8 Head office in Vancouver, Canada
8 Production facilities in Chile, New Zealand and Trinidad
8 Marketing offices located in Asia Pacific, Europe, North America and South America
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Methanex Global Supply Chain
OfficeOffice
Production HubProduction Hub
Flexible AssetFlexible Asset
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Responsible Care®
• Responsible Care®
8 Responsible Care®, originated by the Canadian Chemical Producers’ Association, is a guiding principle that Methanex applies globally as its commitment to:
• Health and safety – employees, suppliers, customersand all methanol users
• Environmental protection
• Safe operation in communities where Methanex operates
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Responsible Care®
• Responsible Care®
8 Incorporated into all Methanex business units
8 Encompasses the life cycle of our products –
• inception Þ manufacture Þ use Þ ultimate disposal
8 Recognise & respond to community concerns
8 Increase knowledge by providing information to customers, end users, community, and others
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Using Methanol Safely
• Traditional Methanex customers – large chemical manufacturers
8 Other applications becoming more common and growing rapidly
• DME, biodiesel manufacture, Waste water treatment
8 As the largest MeOH producer, Methanex has a responsibility to communicate about Methanol safety
8 Why do we think this is necessary?
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Recent Incidents
Firefighters arrive at the scene of a methanol storage tank that exploded, claiming the lives of two municipal workers. Photo: WESH-TV, Orlando, FL.
January 11, 2006
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Recent Incidents
Biodiesel fire in Canby, ORPhoto courtesy: Canby Fire
June 23, 2006
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Methanol
• Methanol
8 Clear, colorless liquid
8 Made up of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
methanol CH3OH
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Methanol
• Methanol
8 Used as a building block for other chemicals:
• formaldehyde, acetic acid, methyl amine, methyl methacrylate …
• which in turn are used to make adhesives, paints, plastics, resins, textiles …
8 Many other uses:
• windshield wiper fluid
• biodiesel
• waste water treatment
• fuel – race cars, model aircraft, fuel cells, cooking
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Flammable
Burns with a clear, low heat flame
Difficult to see during daylight
Impact confined to size of spill
Biodegrades quickly
Soluble in water
Readily absorbed into the body
Important Properties of Methanol
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Methanol Safety Risks
• Methanol – 2 Key Safety Risks
8 Fire
8 Health
• These risks can be managed to keep you safe
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Managing the Health Risk
• Methanol Health Risk
8 As a liquid or vapour, methanol is poisonous
• Cannot be made to be non-poisonous
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Ceiling = 800ppm
Detect odour = 2000ppm
Time Weighted Average
TWA = 200ppm
Short Term Exposure Limit
STEL = 250ppm
Immediately dangerous to life and health
IDLH = 6000ppm
CH3OH
Methanol Inhalation Toxicity Data
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A 0.1 % solution @ 20°C gives an air/vapour mixture above the solution of 200ppm (TWA)
A 100% solution @ 20°C gives an air/vapour mixture above the solution of 105,000ppm (IDLH @ 6000)
CH3OH
Methanol Inhalation Toxicity Data
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Managing the Health Risk
• Methanol Health Risk
8 Symptoms of methanol poisoning:
• Weakness, dizziness, nausea, vomiting,dimness of vision and unconsciousness
• Swallowing as little as 50 mL or less than¼ cup can be fatal
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Managing the Health Risk
• Methanol Health Risk
8 4 routes into the body
• Skin contact
• Eyes
• Breathing
• Swallowing
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• Health Effects
8 Skin Contact
• May cause dermatitis
8 Eye Contact
• May cause irritation, tearing and burning
8 Inhalation
• Methanol will absorb into the body very quickly as a vapour with weakness and dizziness coming on fast
8 Ingestion
• 50 ml can be fatal, as little as a mouth full
Managing the Health Risk
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Managing the Health Risk
• Personal Treatment if Exposed
8 Contact with Skin:
• Remove clothing that is soaked with methanol; treat clothing as hazardous (flammable)
• Wash affected area with soap and water for 15 minutes
• If irritation occurs, seek medical attention
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Managing the Health Risk
• Personal Treatment if Exposed
8 Contact with Eyes:
• Immediately flush with gently running water
• Continue for at least 15 minutes
• Ensure all surfaces and crevices are flushed by lifting upper and lower eyelids
• Obtain medical attention
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Managing the Health Risk
• Personal Treatment if Exposed
8 Inhalation:
• Remove the person to fresh air – IF IT IS SAFE TO DO SO
• May require artificial respiration
• Obtain medical attention – possibility of delayed onset of symptoms
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Managing the Health Risk
• Personal Treatment if Exposed
8 Ingestion:
• Swallowing even small amounts of methanol can belife threatening
• Onset of symptoms may be delayed for 18 – 24 hours
• Do NOT induce vomiting
• Obtain medical attention immediately
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Managing the Health Risk
• Personal Protection
8 Protect the 4 routes of entry
• Skin contact
• Eyes
• Breathing
• Swallowing
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Low risk of vapour & Low volume splash
8 Fire retardant clothing
8 Gloves
• Silvershield or • Disposable 0.9mm Nitrile
8 Eye protection
• safety glasses with side shields• possibly full face shield
8 Boots
• full foot cover
Personal Protection
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High risk of vapour & Low volume splash
Personal Protection
8 Full chemical suit
8 Gloves
• chemical resistant rubber
8 Canister with full face mask
• Class 1 Organic Vapour• e.g., AX-P3
8 Boots
• chemical resistant rubber
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High risk of vapour & High volume splash
Personal Protection
8 Full chemical suit
8 Gloves
• chemical resistant rubber
8 CABA / SCBA
• compressed air breathing apparatus• self-contained breathing apparatus
8 Boots
• chemical resistant rubber
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Large volume emergency response clean up
Personal Protection
8 Full chemical suit
• Fully encapsulating suit
8 Gloves
• chemical resistant rubber
8 CABA / SCBA
• compressed air breathing apparatus• self-contained breatheing apparatus
8 Boots
• chemical resistant rubber
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8 Methanex uses SCBA / CABA Respiratory Protection
Personal Protection
8 Can use canisters with Full Face Mask
• Class 1 organic vapour or AX-P3
• Monitor atmosphere if using canisters
• Can use @ 500ppm for aprox. 20 min
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To avoid adverse health affects, monitor your atmosphere using either...
• Detector tubes
• Electronic Instruments
• Absorbent tubes
• Biological Monitoring
Detection of Methanol
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8 One off reading
8 Require a pump
8 Sample air through tube
http://www.draeger.com/ST/internet/US/en/Products/Detection/Drager-Tubes/draeger_tubes.jsp
Detector Tubes
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8 Continued readout
8 Can set alarm
8 e.g., Draeger Toximeter PAC III
8 Sensor for CO2
8 Cross sensitive for Methanol
Electronic Instruments
http://www.draeger.com/ST/internet/US/en/Products/Detection/PortableInstruments/SingleGasMonitors/single_gas_monitors.jsp
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8 Tube with silica gel
8 Connected to pump
8 Analysis in laboratory by Gas Chromatography
Absorbent Tubes
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8 Analysis of urine
• Baseline aprox. 2-5 mg/L
• >15mg/L considered exposed
8 Examination by Opthamologist
8 Analysis of blood
• liver functions
Biological Monitoring
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Flash point 11°C
LEL 6% UEL 36%
Autoignition point 470°C
@ 20°C a 40% solution will notignite (air/vapour mixture approx. 4%)
Managing the Fire Risk
When is methanol flammable?
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Managing the Fire Risk
• Methanol Fire Risk
8 Methanol is flammable within a specific temperature range:
• Between 50°F and 106°F
• ( 10°C to 41°C )
8 This means that methanol will not burn at temperatures below 50°F / 10°C
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Managing the Fire Risk
• Methanol Fire Risk
8 Methanol burns with a clear blue flame
8 Very difficult to see in bright light / sunlight
8 Methanol can be on fire and you may not be able to tell
• Only indication may be a shimmering “heat haze”
• OR something burning nearby
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Managing the Fire Risk
• Fire Prevention
8 Methanol – Water mixtures as low as 25% methanol are still classified as flammable (NFPA)
8 One way to prevent a fire if there is a methanol spill is to dilute with at least 4 parts water
• Note that mixtures below 25% can still burn, but it’s more difficult to do so
• The mixture should be contained; this creates a larger volume of liquid to clean up
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Managing the Fire Risk
• Fire Prevention
8 Fire Triangle
• Requires all three elements present to have a fire
FUEL
OXYGENIGNITIONSOURCE
( methanol is a fuel )
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Managing the Fire Risk
• Fire Prevention
8 Fire Triangle
• Aim is to break the triangle
FUEL
OXYGEN
General, best precaution is
ELIMINATION of IGNITION SOURCES
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Managing the Fire Risk
• Fire Prevention
8 Fire Triangle
• Aim is to break the triangle
• Some companies, some applications require removal of O2
• More complicated and expensive to achieve
FUEL
IGNITIONSOURCE
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Managing the Fire Risk
• Fire Detection
8 High tech solutions:
• Heat sensors• Infrared cameras• Alarms
8 Low tech solutions:
• Operator on watch• Pressurized tubing near potential leak locations
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Managing the Fire Risk
• Fire Fighting
8 Fixed systems vs. portable systems
8 Materials – depending on size of fire & location
• CO2 extinguisher
• Dry chemical extinguisher
• Water; fine spray; mist; fog
• Foam – alcohol resistant type, e.g., AFFF(R)
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• Treat situation as HAZARDOUS
• Eliminate all ignition sources, including vehicles
• Secure an area up to 500m radius around the spill/leak
• Restrict access to spill area, move people upwind
• Personnel entry - full chemical suit, CABA, rubber boots & gloves
• Fire fighters - full bunker gear, CABA, rubber boots and gloves
• Decontaminate all personnel and equipment
Spill Response
Procedure for a large spill:
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Resources
• Resources from Methanex
8 More information about methanol or its safety
• Material Safety Data Sheet
o 15 languages
• Technical Information & Safe Handling Guide for Methanol
o 9 languages
• Land-based safety training video
o 10 languages
• Ship-based safety training video
o 12 languages
• Biodiesel-focused methanol safety video
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Resources
• Resources from Methanex
8 More information about methanol or its safety
• Internet: www.methanex.com
• E-mail: [email protected] [email protected]
• Phone: Vancouver, Canada +1-604-661-2600
Dallas, Texas +1-972-702-0909
(for other locations, please see Methanex web site above)
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Using Methanol Safely
Q&A