Using Clickers to Teach Critical Thinking
description
Transcript of Using Clickers to Teach Critical Thinking
![Page 1: Using Clickers to Teach Critical Thinking](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062411/56816690550346895dda667c/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Using Clickers to Teach Critical Thinking
Randy J. Malta, Senior Instructional Designer, Center for Teaching & Learning
St. Louis Community College - Forest ParkPresentation available at: http://x2t.com/rmalta
![Page 2: Using Clickers to Teach Critical Thinking](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062411/56816690550346895dda667c/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Session Description
• This interactive presentation demonstrates the use of classroom response systems courses to enhance and stimulate critical thinking.
• Explore and learn if clickers can be used in your class.• Presentation available at http://x2t.com/rmalta
![Page 3: Using Clickers to Teach Critical Thinking](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062411/56816690550346895dda667c/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
St. Louis Community College
• Founded in 1963• 29,000+ Credit students Spring 2011• 4 campuses strategically located throughout the St. Louis, Missouri
Metropolitan area.– In the very north Florissant Valley location, – to the city's central corridor at Forest Park, – to the southwest area of the county at the Meramec campus,– to the burgeoning West County area our Wildwood campus -Opened
August 2007• 2 Education Centers and Corporate College Center
![Page 4: Using Clickers to Teach Critical Thinking](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062411/56816690550346895dda667c/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
449 Full Time Faculty + 1,480 Adjunct Faculty district- wide
![Page 5: Using Clickers to Teach Critical Thinking](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062411/56816690550346895dda667c/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Clickers – Audience Response Systems
![Page 6: Using Clickers to Teach Critical Thinking](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062411/56816690550346895dda667c/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
![Page 7: Using Clickers to Teach Critical Thinking](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062411/56816690550346895dda667c/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
• Radio frequency technology
• Two-way verification – Green Light
• Supports 1000 students per receiver
• Range – 200’ radius
3.3”
2.1”3.7”
ResponseCard® RF
![Page 8: Using Clickers to Teach Critical Thinking](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062411/56816690550346895dda667c/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Response Cards
To change the channel:
Press “Ch”, the new channel number, then “Ch” again.
Ex: To change to channel 45:
“Ch”, 4, 5, “Ch”
When it receives the new channel, the light will turn Green.
![Page 9: Using Clickers to Teach Critical Thinking](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062411/56816690550346895dda667c/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
What is in a name?
Audience Response Systems (ARS)Personal Response Systems (PRS)Student Response Systems (SRS)
Clickers
![Page 10: Using Clickers to Teach Critical Thinking](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062411/56816690550346895dda667c/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Clickers• Provide a tool to engage students and assess
knowledge.• Instructors are able to ask objective and subjective
questions. Questions may come from the instructor or as part of a publisher’s textbook package.
• Questions are displayed for each student to view and respond to with a remote control device.
• A receiver picks up the student’s response and sends it to software loaded on a computer, providing instant feedback to instructor and student.
![Page 11: Using Clickers to Teach Critical Thinking](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062411/56816690550346895dda667c/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Critical Thinking • Critical thinking is the intellectually disciplined process of actively and
skillfully conceptualizing, applying, analyzing, synthesizing, and/or evaluating information gathered from, or generated by, observation, experience, reflection, reasoning, or communication, as a guide to belief and action. In its exemplary form, it is based on universal intellectual values that transcend subject matter divisions: clarity, accuracy, precision, consistency, relevance, sound evidence, good reasons, depth, breadth, and fairness.
A DefinitionCritical thinking is that mode of thinking - about any subject, content, orproblem - in which the thinker improves the quality of his or her thinkingby skillfully taking charge of the structures inherent in thinking andimposing intellectual standards upon them.
- National Council on Critical Thinking
![Page 12: Using Clickers to Teach Critical Thinking](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062411/56816690550346895dda667c/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Basic Uses• Review of content during class• Access level of understanding• Review for test• Review after test to clear up points• Decrease fear of responses – anonymous• Active learning • Engage students
![Page 13: Using Clickers to Teach Critical Thinking](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062411/56816690550346895dda667c/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Clicker Advantages • Engaging multiple learning styles • Aural• Visual• Logical• Physical• Verbal• Social
![Page 14: Using Clickers to Teach Critical Thinking](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062411/56816690550346895dda667c/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Clicker Advantages• Engaging multiple
learning styles • Increasing visual
impact • Improving audience
focus • Providing annotations
and highlights
• Analyzing and synthesizing complexities
• Increasing spontaneity and interactivity
• Increasing wonder
![Page 15: Using Clickers to Teach Critical Thinking](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062411/56816690550346895dda667c/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Resource• Table of Contents• Chapter 1 – Engaging Students with Clickers • Generating Classwide Discussions• Generating Small-Group Discussions• Creating Times for Telling• Structuring Class Time• Making Class More Fun• Chapter 2 – Assessing Students with Clickers • Uncovering Student Learning• Evaluating Student Learning• Chapter 3 – A Taxonomy of Clicker Questions
Content Questions• Process Questions• Chapter 4 – Teaching Choices • Use of Class Time• Writing Questions• Student Response, Participation, and Grading• Classroom Choices• Small Classes• Chapter 5 – Technical and Logistical Choices • Technical Challenges• Vendor Selection and Adoption• Supporting and Promoting the Use of Clickers• Low-Tech Options• High-Tech Options• Chapter 6 – Why Use Clickers? • Increased Student Participation• Increased Student Engagement• Frequent Feedback on Student Learning• Final Suggestions
Derek Bruff,Acting Director,Vanderbilt Center forTeaching
![Page 16: Using Clickers to Teach Critical Thinking](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062411/56816690550346895dda667c/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Teaching with Classroom Response Systems: Creating Active Learning
Environments Jossey-Bass, 2009
• “If an instructor uses clickers only to take attendance of give quizzes students often object to paying for a device just to make the instructors job easier. If, however an instructor uses the results of a clicker quiz to review the quiz with the students immediately after they take it, focusing on questions most missed by students and exploring popular incorrect answers, students see this as adding value to their learning experience and are more likely to see the clickers as useful.
• Derek Bruff, Acting Director of Vanderbilt University’s Center for Teaching from Inside Higher Ed
![Page 17: Using Clickers to Teach Critical Thinking](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062411/56816690550346895dda667c/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Best Practice - Start small
• Asking simple, information gathering or factual questions to begin
![Page 18: Using Clickers to Teach Critical Thinking](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062411/56816690550346895dda667c/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Currently Using Clickers?
1.Yes2.No
![Page 19: Using Clickers to Teach Critical Thinking](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062411/56816690550346895dda667c/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
You are
0%0%0%0%
Administra... Faculty Instructio... Support St...
1. Administration2. Faculty3. Instructional
Designer4. Support Staff
![Page 20: Using Clickers to Teach Critical Thinking](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062411/56816690550346895dda667c/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
I am from
14%
14%
14%14%
14%
14%
14%
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1. Southeast2. Northeast3. Midwest4. South5. Southwest6. Northwest7. West
![Page 21: Using Clickers to Teach Critical Thinking](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062411/56816690550346895dda667c/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Best Practice - Anonymous• Build trust first
![Page 22: Using Clickers to Teach Critical Thinking](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062411/56816690550346895dda667c/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
My age is
21-25 25-30
30-40 40-50
50-60 60-70
70+
0% 0% 0% 0%0%0%0%
1. 21-252. 25-303. 30-404. 40-505. 50-606. 60-707. 70+
![Page 23: Using Clickers to Teach Critical Thinking](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062411/56816690550346895dda667c/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Desire to have more classroom interaction/engagement while still achieving the Learning Outcomes
0%
0%
0%1. Yes
2. No
3. Maybe
![Page 24: Using Clickers to Teach Critical Thinking](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062411/56816690550346895dda667c/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Best Practice - # of Questions
• Most Instructors use–Four to six discussion questions per
class.
![Page 25: Using Clickers to Teach Critical Thinking](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062411/56816690550346895dda667c/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Question Asked First
![Page 26: Using Clickers to Teach Critical Thinking](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062411/56816690550346895dda667c/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Small Group Discussion First
![Page 27: Using Clickers to Teach Critical Thinking](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062411/56816690550346895dda667c/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Depending on Answer use both.
![Page 28: Using Clickers to Teach Critical Thinking](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062411/56816690550346895dda667c/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Click It and Learn It
![Page 29: Using Clickers to Teach Critical Thinking](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062411/56816690550346895dda667c/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
New Blooms Taxonomy
• Remember -can the student recall or remember the information?
• Understand-can the student explain ideas or concepts?• Apply-can the student use the information in a new way?• Analyze-can the student distinguish between the different
parts?• Evaluate-can the student justify a stand or decision?• Create-can the student create new product or point of
view?
![Page 30: Using Clickers to Teach Critical Thinking](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062411/56816690550346895dda667c/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Survey
![Page 31: Using Clickers to Teach Critical Thinking](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062411/56816690550346895dda667c/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Background Information
• Survey issued at the end of F10 semester to 39 nursing students. 44 were currently enrolled, 5 were absent on day of survey
• Survey questions adopted from http://conferences.anzmac.org/ANZMAC2007/papers/D%20Lincoln_1a.pdf and other .edu sites,
Revised and adapted for my particular class
![Page 32: Using Clickers to Teach Critical Thinking](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062411/56816690550346895dda667c/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
![Page 33: Using Clickers to Teach Critical Thinking](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062411/56816690550346895dda667c/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
![Page 34: Using Clickers to Teach Critical Thinking](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062411/56816690550346895dda667c/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
![Page 35: Using Clickers to Teach Critical Thinking](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062411/56816690550346895dda667c/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
![Page 36: Using Clickers to Teach Critical Thinking](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062411/56816690550346895dda667c/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
![Page 37: Using Clickers to Teach Critical Thinking](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062411/56816690550346895dda667c/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
![Page 38: Using Clickers to Teach Critical Thinking](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062411/56816690550346895dda667c/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
![Page 39: Using Clickers to Teach Critical Thinking](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062411/56816690550346895dda667c/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
![Page 40: Using Clickers to Teach Critical Thinking](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062411/56816690550346895dda667c/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
![Page 41: Using Clickers to Teach Critical Thinking](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062411/56816690550346895dda667c/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
![Page 42: Using Clickers to Teach Critical Thinking](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062411/56816690550346895dda667c/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Student NarrativesMost Helpful
• “Being able to answer the question independently without people answering out loud”
• “It gave an opportunity to stop and answer questions about what we just covered and we could discuss w/classmates about the rationale”
• “It gives you a good idea what you need to study more if you have trouble, was a lot more enjoyable class (all instructors should use)”
• “I stayed focused and looked forward to coming to class. It helps break up the time and keep me thinking during lecture because I’m anticipating a question”
• “NCLEX Style Questions”
![Page 43: Using Clickers to Teach Critical Thinking](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062411/56816690550346895dda667c/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Student NarrativesMost Helpful
• “It was an interactive way to review the material”• “It made you pay attention”• “It was helpful to be able to answer questions and participate
anonymously”• “Seeing sample questions pertaining to the present topic and
the instructor did not know who you are in the class”• “Helped me determine right away if I was understanding a
concept & give me the opportunity to ask questions & clear things up right away”
• “Seeing that I was not the only student confused! Anonymity!!”
![Page 44: Using Clickers to Teach Critical Thinking](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062411/56816690550346895dda667c/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Student NarrativesLeast Helpful
• “I do not like when the question session (for one question) takes an unnecessary amount of time. (for people to answer).
• “Nothing, this was an awesome lecture b/c of the clickers. I feel I could have done better with the other material if the clickers were used!!”
• “Question like “So far, does this topic clear?” If I read the book before the class, I might have a couple of questions, but it should be quite cleared”
• “It took up some time to get all the answers & discuss it”• “Computer issues”• “Having to go get it ”
![Page 45: Using Clickers to Teach Critical Thinking](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062411/56816690550346895dda667c/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Types of Questions
![Page 46: Using Clickers to Teach Critical Thinking](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062411/56816690550346895dda667c/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Types of Questions
• Misconception Questions
![Page 47: Using Clickers to Teach Critical Thinking](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062411/56816690550346895dda667c/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Your sister calls to say she’s having twins. Which of the following is more likely?
100%
1
1. Twin Boys2. Twin Girls3. One boy and one
girl4. All are equally likely
Image: “IMG_9936e2,” Abby Bischoff, Flickr (CC)
![Page 48: Using Clickers to Teach Critical Thinking](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062411/56816690550346895dda667c/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Types of Questions
• Variable Relation Questions
![Page 49: Using Clickers to Teach Critical Thinking](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062411/56816690550346895dda667c/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
![Page 50: Using Clickers to Teach Critical Thinking](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062411/56816690550346895dda667c/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
![Page 51: Using Clickers to Teach Critical Thinking](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062411/56816690550346895dda667c/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
![Page 52: Using Clickers to Teach Critical Thinking](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062411/56816690550346895dda667c/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
![Page 53: Using Clickers to Teach Critical Thinking](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062411/56816690550346895dda667c/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
![Page 54: Using Clickers to Teach Critical Thinking](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062411/56816690550346895dda667c/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
![Page 55: Using Clickers to Teach Critical Thinking](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062411/56816690550346895dda667c/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
Clicker Resources• Turning Technologies• Eclicker• Poll Everywhere• http://its.uiowa.edu/support/srs/post_conference.shtml• http://www.wku.edu/teaching/booklets/clickers.html• http://chronicle.com/blogs/techtherapy/2011/12/07/episode-90-growing-
pains-for-%E2%80%98clickers%E2%80%99/
![Page 56: Using Clickers to Teach Critical Thinking](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062411/56816690550346895dda667c/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
Presentation available athttp://x2t.com/rmalta
![Page 57: Using Clickers to Teach Critical Thinking](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062411/56816690550346895dda667c/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
Presentation available athttp://x2t.com/rmalta