Using Adjectives to Describe: Adjective Agreement

Using Adjectives to Using Adjectives to Describe: Adjective Describe: Adjective

AgreementAgreement

Gender Agreement Gender Agreement (pg 59)(pg 59)

You already know that every word in You already know that every word in Spanish has a gender: Spanish has a gender: masculine or feminine.masculine or feminine.

El chico = masculineEl chico = masculineEl helado= masculineEl helado= masculineLa galleta = feminineLa galleta = feminineLa maestra= feminineLa maestra= feminine


Adjectives describe nouns. Adjectives describe nouns. – Ex: the fast car, the red dress, the happy girl.Ex: the fast car, the red dress, the happy girl.

Like the definite (el, la, los, las) and indefinite Like the definite (el, la, los, las) and indefinite articles (un,unos, una, unas), articles (un,unos, una, unas),

the adjectives will also “agree” or “match” with the the adjectives will also “agree” or “match” with the noun it describes based on two very important noun it describes based on two very important things:things:

Adjectives must agree in both:Adjectives must agree in both:gender gender – Masculine / feminineMasculine / feminineNumberNumber– Singular (one) / plural (more than one)Singular (one) / plural (more than one)

In English, we describe nouns using adjectives. In English, the adjective comes before the thing you’re describing:Ex: The red shirt, the big house, the pretty cat. In Spanish, you put the adjective after the noun, and you also have to make it match the noun in gender and number. So instead of the big ugly dogs, you say something like “the dogs bigs uglies.”

Gender AgreementGender AgreementHere are your steps to use adjectives correctly:Here are your steps to use adjectives correctly:1.1. Decide the Decide the gendergender of the noun. (masc/fem) of the noun. (masc/fem)2.2. Decide the Decide the numbernumber of the noun. (sing./plur) of the noun. (sing./plur)3.3. Form the adjective to Form the adjective to matchmatch..4.4. Put the Put the adjective AFTER adjective AFTER the noun. the noun. (This is (This is almostalmost always the rule in Spanish) always the rule in Spanish)

ADJECTIVE AFTER!!!!ADJECTIVE AFTER!!!!

masculine,singular

masculine,plural

feminine, singular

feminine,plural

adjectives ending in –o serio

adjectives ending in –e interesante

adjectives ending in consonant joven

adjectives ending in –ador, nationality trabajador

Gender AgreementGender AgreementTo say “the serious girl” in Spanish:

Step 1: gender? fem = _____________Step 2: number? =_____________Step 3: I need to form the adjective to agree with the I need to form the adjective to agree with the

noun. noun. Make serio feminine =______________________Step 4:Put the adjective after the noun:Put the adjective after the noun: ________________________

Let’s try a plural one: number 12 in your Let’s try a plural one: number 12 in your paquete:paquete:12. The lazy dogs.1.Gender = perro = masculine.2.Number = plural = add an S = perros.3.Make the adjective match = perezoso means lazy, and I need to add an S to the end. = perezosos4.Put the adjective after =5.The dogs lazies = los perros perezosos.


Note: For adjectives that end in “e,” they usually Note: For adjectives that end in “e,” they usually match both genders:match both genders:– ElEl chico inteligente, chico inteligente, lala chica inteligente. chica inteligente.Many adjectives that end with a consonant Many adjectives that end with a consonant match both genders:match both genders:– El chico joven, la chica jovenEl chico joven, la chica jovenSome add “a” to become feminine. These Some add “a” to become feminine. These adjectives must be learned.adjectives must be learned.– El chico trabajador, La chica trabajadorEl chico trabajador, La chica trabajadoraa..


Your turn! Use your vocab lists to describe the Your turn! Use your vocab lists to describe the following:following:

The ugly man = ____________ ________________ _________________

1. The thin dog. ___________________2. The big cookies. _________________3. The red-haired girl.___________________4. The fat cat. ________________________

5. The ugly woman. __________________________________6. The artistic boys. ___________________________________7. The hard-working students. _________________________________8.The serious man. _________________________________

9. The pretty, studious woman. ___________________________________10. The athletic girls. _________________________________11. The small pizza. _________________________________12. The lazy dogs. ________________________________

6. The black socks. __________________________________

7. 7.The purple blouse. _________________________________

8.The yellow shoes. _________________________________

9.The red jacket. ___________________________________

10.The green T-shirt. _________________________________

11.The strong boy. _________________________________

12.The lazy woman. _________________________________

Gender Agreement Gender Agreement with SERwith SER

Using SER to describe something:Using SER to describe something:You can use “ser” plus the adjective to describe You can use “ser” plus the adjective to describe

a noun.a noun.You need to use SER if you want to say that You need to use SER if you want to say that

someone IS something or some people ARE someone IS something or some people ARE something else.something else.

Remember, you use “es” for one object, “son” Remember, you use “es” for one object, “son” for more than one.for more than one.

Gender AgreementGender Agreement

The form of SER you use should match your ___________________.Matt is tall = Mateo es alto.Why did we use ES to talk about Mateo? _______________________

What if you wanted to describe the students? ________________ How about my friends and I? _______________________

The man is short and ugly = El hombre es bajo y feo. The girls are nice but lazy = Las chicas son simpáticas pero perezosas.

1. The girls are short. _______________________________2. The ice creams are big! ____________________________

3. The men are hard-working and nice. __________________________________4. Some girls are ugly. _________________________________5. A student (fem) is hard-working and studious.____________________________________

What about if you want to talk What about if you want to talk about yourself?about yourself?

I am short and nice = I am short and nice = ______________________________________________________________You are tall and serious You are tall and serious ____________________________________________________________________My friend and I are hard-working and smart. My friend and I are hard-working and smart. ____________________________________________________________________


Let’s throw in some indefinite articles:Let’s throw in some indefinite articles:1.1. A brown jacket.A brown jacket.____________________________________________________2.2. Some white skirts.Some white skirts.________________________________________3.3. A green hat.A green hat.________________________________________4.4. Some orange pants.Some orange pants. ____________________________________________


Mix-up! Try these with a partner:Mix-up! Try these with a partner:1.1. The sweater The sweater isis white. white.2.2. The girl The girl isis hard-working. hard-working.3.3. The teacher (m) The teacher (m) isis boring. boring.4.4. The blue pants.The blue pants.5.5. The jacket The jacket isis purple. purple.6.6. Some yellow sweaters.Some yellow sweaters.

Using Adjectives to Describe: Adjective Agreement

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