USHC-5.2

The United States Advances

During the second half of the nineteenth century the United States emerged as a global industrial power

This transition was caused by: the abundance of natural resourcesgovernment support and protection in the form of

tariffs, labor policies, and subsidies the expansion of international markets associated

with industrialization

Appalachian MountainsCoal Iron Ore

Western Pennsylvania and the Southwest Oil

South & Parts of the NorthwestLumberRivers (hydroelectricity)

http://www.iarelative.com/mines.htm

Birmingham Alabama Iron ore“Pittsburgh of the South”

Overall impactBy having most of the raw

goods needed to industrialize,America had an advantageover many other industrializing countries.

Cardinal Intermediate

If you were in Tennessee, which direction would you have to travel to reach the following states? Use intermediate directions when necessary.

IndianaAlabama

North CarolinaMarylandTexas

If you were in Tennessee, which direction would you have to travel to reach the following states? Use intermediate directions when necessary.

Indiana-NorthAlabama-SouthNorth Carolina-EastMaryland-NortheastTexas-Southwest

When the Civil War ended, the Senate was under the control of Northern representation that pushed through regional interests such as:High TariffsWeak Regulations of BusinessGrants and Subsidies

Due to these kinds of political advantages, U.S. businesses bypassed many of the problems some foreign competitors faced.

High Tariffs served duel purposesHelped to pay off the large national debts created

during the Civil War.Encouraged U.S. citizens to purchase domestically

made goods instead of imports.

http://econ161.berkeley.edu/econ_articles/mytalkonlatenineteenthcent.html

Weak Regulations of BusinessBusinesses were allowed to impose harsh and

dangerous working conditions on their labor force which received low wages. Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire 146 died because the exit doors were locked

12 hour days, 6 days a week Limited chance for advancement

Weak Regulations of Business (Cont)Child Labor

as young as 5 years old Kept children from getting an

education forcing them to stay in the unskilled labor force as adults

Environmental and product safety standards were rarely even addressed. Weak Regulations of Business

Government Grant and subsidiesGovernment gave resources and funds to private

businesses with the intention of improving the economy and infrastructure (Corruption occurs)

Farmers began to get subsidies from government to helpget them out of debt.

Land Grants for Railroads

New inventions gave American businesses a monopoly on certain goods.

New methods of production such as the assembly line, cut the cost of manufacturing, which resulted in cheaper goods that were sold abroad.

1.Which of the following was NOT a natural resource that proved important for US industrialization?

A. coalB. iron oreC. steelD. oil