USH2 Unit 5: America and the World

USH2 Unit 5: America and the WorldLesson 5.2 = WW1Essential QuestionsWhat were the causes of WW1?Why did the USA enter WWI in 1917?Triple Entente vs. Triple Alliance pg 549

USING THE MAP ON PAGE 549..WHAT ALLIANCE HAS A MAJOR ADVANTAGE SHOULD WAR BREAK OUT BETWEEN THE TRIPLE ENTENTE AND THE TRIPPLE ALLIANCE?

THE UNITED STATES ENTERS THE GREAT WARMILITARISM, ALLIANCES, IMPERIALISM, AND NATIONALISM LED TO WW I IN EUROPE. ATTACKS ON U.S. SHIPS AND AMERICAN SUPPORT FOR THE ALLIES EVENTUALLY CAUSED THE UNITED STATES TO ENTER THE WAR.

CAUSES OF WW IIN THE LATE 1800S, GERMANY AND FRANCE WERE ENEMIES.GERMANY JOINED ITALY AND AUSTRIA-HUNGARY IN THE TRIPLE ALLIANCE TO KEEP FRANCE IN CHECKFRANCE, RUSSIA, AND GREAT BRITIAN FORMED THE TRIPLE ENTENTE TO PREVENT GERMAN AGGRESSIONTHIS SYSTEM OF ALLIANCES ENCOURAGED MILITARISM THE BUILDUP OF ARMED FORCES.

AP 1 Talking Heads1s = Why did France and Germany form alliances?2s = How does the Alliance system lead to Militarism?Causes of WW1NATIONALISM IS INTENSE PRIDE IN ONES HOMELAND, CAN BE DANGEROUSIMPERIALISM LED EUROPEAN POWERS TO FORM EMPIRES.IMPERIALISM LED TO CONFLICT BETWEEN AUSTRIA-HUNGARY AND SERBIAIN JUNE 1914, A SERBIAN NATIONALIST KILLED THE HEIR TO THE AUSTRO-HUNGARIAN THRONE

AP 2: CAUSES OF WW1 MAINThe Alliances are triggeredGERMANY BACKS AUSTRIA-HUNGARY, ENCOURAGES ACTION AGAINST SERBIA (natural allies)RUSSIA PLEDGES TO SUPPORT SERBIA AGAINST AGGRESSION (natural allies)AUSTRIA-HUNGARYS DECLARATION OF WAR AGAINST SERBIA WOULD PULL ALLIANCES INTO WARFRANCE, RUSSIA, GREAT BRITAIN, AND ITALY BECAME ALLIESGERMANY, AUSTRIA-HUNGARY, THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE, AND BULGARIA BECAME CENTRAL POWERS

Venn: Now that War has Begun!!Central Powers vs. Allies

The Schlieffen Plan Fails!!THE GERMAN PLAN TO AVOID A TWO FRONT WAR (SCHLIEFFEN PLAN) FAILSForce a quick French surrender, and then concentrate on the Russians. EVENTUALLY, BOTH SIDES BECAME LOCKED IN A STALEMATE IN FRANCE = WESTERN FRONT = TRENCHIN RUSSIA (EASTERN FRONT) THE GERMANS AND AUSTRIANS MOWED DOWN THE RUSSIANS

Lets Break it Down Simple = MAINhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XRcg_t2oJkc321Review for WW1Long term causes?

Short term or immediate cause?AMERICAN NEUTRALITY ?MOST AMERICANS FAVORED THE ALLIESTHE BRITISH WORKED HARD TO WIN U.S. SUPPORT = PROPOGANDANATURAL ALLIES W/ BRITISH AND FRENCH = SHARED LANGUAGE, CULTURE, HISTORY AND TRADE INTEREST

AP : TPSWhy does the United States try to remain neutral?---MOVING TOWARD WARMOST AMERICANS DID NOT WANT WAR, BUT MANY EVENTS WOULD DRAW US INUNRESTRICTED SUBMARINE WARFARE = SINKING OF THE LUSITANIA

USA DECLARES WARTHE ZIMMERMAN NOTE WOULD CONVINCE MOST AMERICANS THAT WAR WAS NECESSARYIN FEB. 1917, GERMANS BREAK SUSSEX PLEDGE AND CONTINUE UNRESTRICTED SUBMARINE WARFAREAFTER SINKING 6 AMERICAN SHIPS, WILSON ASKED CONGRESS TO DECLARE WAR ON GERMANY IT DID SO ON APRIL 6, 1917

AP: Cause and Effect

ActivityGuided Reading 16-1

Learning LogSUMMARIZE THE LONG TERM CAUSES OF WW 1.WHAT WAS THE IMMEDIATE/ SHORT TERM CAUSE OF WW1?HOW DID THE ASSASINATION OF FRANZ FERDINAND TRIGGER THE ALLIANCE SYSTEM?ONCE WAR BROKE, WHO WERE THE CENTRAL POWERS? ALLIES?HOW DID THE GERMAN PLAN TO FIGHT A 2 FRONT WAR FAIL?WHAT WAS FIGHTING LIKE ON THE WESTERN FRONT? EASTERN FRONT?SUMMARIZE THE REASONS THE UNITED STATES EVENTUALLY DECLARED WAR.

WW1 Part 2

focusList the reasons why the United States decided to get involved in WW1.

Essential QuestionHow did the United States use progressive ideas during World War 1? Home Front

THE HOME FRONTTO FIGHT WORLD WAR 1, THE AMERICAN GOVERNMENT USED PROGRESSIVE IDEAS AND NEW GOVERNMENT AGENCIES TO MOBILIZE THE POPULATION AND ORGANIZE THE ECONOMY.

Brainstorm: What is Progressivism?ORGANIZING THE ECONOMYCONGRESS CREATED SPECIAL AGENCIES TO PREPARE THE ECONOMY FOR WAR=THE WAR INDUSTRIES BOARD COORDINATED THE PRODUCTION OF MATERIALSTHE FOOD ADMINISTRATION ENCOURAGED PEOPLE TO GROW THEIR OWN FOOD IN VICTORY GARDENSTHE FUEL ADMINISTRATION INTRODUCED DAYLIGHT SAVINGS TIME AND SHORTENED WORK WEEKS TO SAVETHE GOVERNMENT RAISED MONEY FOR WAR THROUGH TAXES AND BONDS

MOBILIZING THE WORKFORCETHE NATIONAL WAR LABOR BOARD TRIED TO AVOID LABOR STRIKESPUSHED FOR WAGE INCREASES, 8 HR WORKDAY, AND RIGHT TO UNIONIZEIN RETURN, LABOR LEADERS AGREED NOT TO STRIKEWOMEN TOOK OVER MANY JOBS AS MEN WENT OFF TO WARTHE GREAT MIGRATION SUPPLIED MANY FACTORIES IN NORTH W/ AFRICAN AMERICAN LABOR FROM SOUTH

SHAPING PUBLIC OPINIONTHE COMMITTEE ON PUBLIC INFORMATION HIRED ADVERTIZERS AND ARTISTS TO SWAY PUBLIC OPINIONTHE GOVT ALSO LIMITED OPPOSITION TO THE WAR AND ESPIONAGE = CIVIL LIBERTIES WERE SUPPRESSEDESPIONAGE ACT OF 1917 MADE IT A CRIME TO OPPONLY OPPOSE THE WAR. 1,000 CONVICTIONS

Propaganda

AP: SUMMARIZE IN YOUR OWN WORDSIn what ways did progressives transform our nation in order to win the war?BUILDING THE MILITARYWHEN THE UNITED STATES ENTERED THE WAR IN 1917, IT DID NOT HAVE ENOUGH SOLDIERSCONGRESS SET UP A NEW SYSTEM OF CONSCRIPTION CALLED THE SELECTIVE SERVICE=ALL MEN BETWEEN AGES 21 AND 30 MUST REGISTER FOR DRAFTA LOTTERY RANDOMLY DECIDE THE ORDER IN WHICH INDIVIDUALS WERE CALLED BEFORE LOCAL DRAFT BOARDTHESE BOARDS SELECTED AND EXEMPTED MEN MEMBERS OF DRAFT BOARD WERE LOCAL CIVILIANSSEEN AS BEING MORE DEMOCRATICPROGRESSIVISM!!!

BUILDING THE MILITARY - CONTINUEDEVENTUALLY ABOUT 2.8 MILLION MEN WERE DRAFTED, ABOUT 2 MILLION VOLUNTEERED.SOME WANTED TO FIGHT AFTER HEARING ABOUT GERMAN ATROCITIESOTHERS WANTED TO FIGHT FOR DEMOCRACYMANY SAW WW1 AS AN OPPORTUNITY FOR ADVENTURETROOP MORALE WAS HIGH DURING WW1, DESPITE HEAVY LOSSESDURING THE WAR 50,000 AMERICANS DIED DURING COMBAT, AND 200,000 WERE WOUNDED

Talking HeadsHow was the Selective Service seen as being progressive?Why did many Americans volunteer to go to war?

AFRICAN AMERICANS IN THE WARABOUT 42,000 OF THE 400,000 AFRICAN AMERICANS WERE DRAFTED INTO SERVICE IN THE WAR OVERSEASAFRICAN AMERICAN SOLDIERS FACED DISCRIMINATION AND PREJUDICE IN THE ARMYTHEY SERVED IN RACIALLY SEGREGATED UNITSDESPITE OBSTACLES, THEY FOUGHT WITH DISTINCTION. TWO AFRICAN AMERICAN DIVISIONS (92ND AND 93RD) FOUGHT IN BATTLES ALONG WESTERN FRONT

WOMEN JOIN WOMEN OFFICIALLY SERVED IN THE ARMED FORCES FOR THE FIRST TIME IN WW1.THEY SERVED IN NON=COMBAT POSITIONS = CLERICAL, RADIO OPERATORS, ELECTRICIANS, CHEMISTS, ETC (NAVY)THE ARMY ONLY ALLOWED WOMEN AS NURSES

AP: SHORT ANSWERWhat role did women play?African Americans? ActivityShell Shocked

Learning LogWHAT DOES THE TERM HOMEFRONT IMPLY?HOW DID THE UNITED STATES RAISE MONEY TO FIGHT FOR THE WAR?WHAT IMPACT DID WORLD WAR 1 HAVE FOR WOMEN?WHAT IMPACT DID LABOR SHORTAGES HAVE ON AFRICAN AMERICANS DURING THE WAR?HOW DID THE COMMITTEE OF PUBLIC INFORMATION HELP SELL THE WAR TO THE AMERICAN PUBLIC?HOW DID GOVERNMENT EFFORTS TO ENSURE PUBLIC SUPPORT FOR THE WAR CONFLICT WITH IDEAS ABOUT CIVIL RIGHTS?HOW WAS THE SELECTIVE SERVICE SEEN AS BEING MORE DEMOCRATIC?WHAT WERE CONTRIBUTIONS OF AFRICAN AMERICANS DURING THE WAR?WHAT CONTRIBUTIONS DID WOMEN MAKE TO THE MILITARY DURING WWI?

WW 1 part 3

FocusHow did the US government use progressive ideas to mobilize for war on the home front?Essential QuestionHow can WW1 be considered a war of attrition?What did Woodrow Wilson mean by calling for Peace without Victory?

War of Attrition

A BLOODY CONFLICTTECHNOLOGY CAUSED BOTH SIDES TO LOSE MILLIONS OF MEN DURING WWI. THE ARRIVAL OF AMERICAN TROOPS HELPED THE ALLIES WIN, BUT THE PEACE TREATY SET THE STAGE FOR ANOTHER WAR TO COME.

TRENCH WARFARETROOPS DUG TRRENCHES TO PROTECT THEMSELVES FROM POWERFUL ARTILLARY, AND MACHINE GUN FIREON THE WESTERN FRONT, TRENCHES STRETCHED FROM THE ENGLISH CHANNEL TO THE SWISS BORDERSPACE BETWEEN OPPOSING TRENCHES CALLED NO MANS LAND..COMBAT WAS BRUTAL!!

AP: summarize in your own words how trench warfare is an example of attrition.NEW TECHNOLOGIESGERMANS BEGAN USING POISON GAS,THEN THE ALLIES BRITISH INTRODUCED THE TANK TO BREAK THROUGH BARBWIRE TO GET TO ENEMY TRENCHESAT FIRST, THE AIRPLANE WAS USED FOR RECONAISSANCE, EVENTUALLY LED TO DOG FIGHTS

THE AMERICANS ARRIVEABOUT 2 MILLION AMERICAN SOLDIERS FOUGHT IN WW1 = INEXPERIENCEDBUT GAVE HUGE MORALE BOOST!!!CONVOY SYSTEM ALLOWED TROOPS TO REACH EUROPE

AP talking heads1s = new technology2s = convoy systemRUSSIA LEAVES THE WARIN MARCH 1917, RIOTS BROKE OUT IN RUSSIA AND ITS LEADER STEPPED DOWNTHE BOLSHEVIK PARTY LED BY VLADIMIR LENIN EVENTUALLY OVERTHREW THE PROVISIONAL GOV.RUSSIA PULLS OUT OF WARWHAT SHOULD GERMANY DO NOW?

AMERICANS ENTER COMBATGERMANY LAUNCHED A MASSIVE ATTACK (2ND BATTLE OF THE MARNE)AMERICAN TROOPS BLOCKED THE GERMAN DRIVE TO PARISCOUNTER OFFENSIVE = DEVIL DOGS!! FINALLY, ON 11/11, 1918, GERMANY SIGNED AN ARMISTICE , OR CEASE FIREGERMANS HAVE NOT BEEN BEATEN, BUT THEY CANT WIN

AP: Summarize in your own words..How did Americans impact the end of the War?WarhorseWILSONS 14 POINTS Peace without Victory5 POINTS AIMED TO ELIMINATE CAUSES OF WAR8 POINTS ADDRESSED THE RIGHT TO NATIONAL SELF-DETERMINATION = PEACE WITHOUT VICTORY14TH POINT CALLED FOR THE FORMATION OF A LEAGUE OF NATIONS TO KEEP PEACE

TREATY OF VERSAILLESFRANCE AND GREAT BRITIAN IGNORED WILSONTREATY OF VERSAILLES MEANT TO WEAKEN, PUNISH, AND HUMILIATE GERMANYIT REDUCED GERMANYS MILITARY AND FORCED IT TO PAY WAR REPARATIONS, OR WAR DAMAGESTREATY DID INCLUDE THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS, BUT USA REFUSED TO JOIN FOR FEAR OF ANOTHER WARTHE US REFUSED TO SIGN TREATY OF VERSIALLESHARSH PEACE WOULD ENSURE THAT WORLD WAR 1 WOULD BE A MERE DRESS REHEARSAL FOR THE LARGER CONFLICT TO COME

AP

A Christmas TruceLearning LogWhat new technologies added to the war of attrition along the western front?What impact did American soldiers have when they first arrived in Europe?How did the United States win the war at sea?What impact did Russias withdrawal have on the war?What impact did American forces have on Germanys final offensive?What did Alvin York do to earn the medal of honor?What did Eddie Rickenbacker do to earn the Medal of Honor?When did WWI end?What was Woodrow Wilsons Peace Plan called?The 14 points were based on what principle?Why was the 14th point most important to Wilson?What was France and Great Britain most concerned with during the Peace talks?Why did the US Senate reject the Treaty of Versailles?

WW1 part 4

Focus groupsWhat new technologies added to the war of attrition along the western front?What was Woodrow Wilsons Peace Plan called?The 14 points were based on what principle?Why was the 14th point most important to Wilson?What was France and Great Britain most concerned with during the Peace talks?Why did the US Senate reject the Treaty of Versailles?

Essential QuestionWhat issues challenged the United States after WW1?RED SCARE

THE WARS IMPACTAMERICAS VICTORY OVERSEAS LED TO TURMOIL AT HOME. THE END OF THE WARTIME ECONOMY LED TO A DEPRESSION AND FEARS OF COMMUNISM, AS STRIKES, RIOTS, AND BOMBINGS TOOK PLACE

AN ECONOMY IN TURMOILAFTER THE WAR, THE GOVERNMENT REMOVED ECONOMIC CONTROLS THE RESULT WAS INFLATION, WHICH LED TO A RISE IN THE COST OF LIVINGWORKERS WANTED HIGHER WAGES, BUT BUSINESSES WANTED TO HOLD DOWN OPERATIONAL COSTSUNIONS WERE LARGER AND MORE ORGANIZED THAN EVER BEFORE, LEADING TO MORE STRIKES

INFLATION LEADS TO STRIKESSHIPYARD WORKERS IN SEATTLE ORGANIZED THE FIRST BIG STRIKELED TO A GENERAL STRIKE = ALL WORKERS IN A LOCATION, NOT JUST WORKERS IN 1 INDUSTRYWHEN POLICE OFFICERS IN BOSTON WENT ON STRIKE, RIOTS BROKE OUTTHE POLICE COMMISSIONER HIRED A NEW POLICE FORCEA STRIKE BY WORKERS AT US STEEL WAS ONE OF THE LARGEST STRIKESTHE COMPANY HIRED REPLACEMENT WORKERS, STRIKE FAILED

AP ECONOMIC UNREST

THE RED SCARETHE STRIKES OF 1919 LED MANY BELIEVE THAT COMMUNISTS WERE TRYING TO START A REVOLUTIONCOMMUNISM CALLS FOR THE WORKERS OF THE WORLD TO UNITE AND OVERTHROW CAPITALISTSGOALS OF COMMUNISM ARE GLOBAL, SO AMERICANS VERY CONCERNED WHEN RUSSIA BECOMES A COMMUNIST STATESEVERAL INCIDENTS LED TO THE SCARE=8 BOMBS IN 8 CITIES WENT OFF AT SAME TIME IN 1919ONE OF THE BOMBS DAMAGED THE HOME OF US ATTORNEY GENERAL A. MITCHELL PALMERMOST PEOPLE BELIEVED THE BOMBINGS WERE THE WORK OF RADICALS TRYING TO DESTROY AMERICA

THE PALMER RAIDSPALMER SET UP A SPECIAL DIVISION WITHIN THE JUSTICE DEPARTMENTTHE GENERAL INTELLIGENCE DIVISION WAS HEADED BY J EDGAR HOOVER, BECAME THE FBIALTHOUGH EVIDENCE POINTED TO NO ONE GROUP AS THE BOMBERS, PALMER ORGANIZED RAIDS ON FOREIGN BORN RADICALSPALMER ROUNDED UP MANY IMMIGRANTS AND DEPORTED THEM

THE PALMER RAIDS CONTINUEDTHE PALMER RAIDS WERE CARRIED OUT WITHOUT REGARD TO CIVIL RIGHTSHOMES WERE ENTERED WITHOUT SEARCH WRRANTS, PEOPLE WERE JAILEDAT FIRST PALMER WAS PRAISED, BUT HIS POPULARITY FADED WITH LACK OF EVIDENCE OF CONSPIRACYTHE RED SCARE LED TO ANTI-IMMIGRATION FEELINGS AND A CALL TO CONGRESS TO LIMIT IMMIGRATION

AP: RED SCARE

RACIAL UNRESTMANY SOLDIERS RETURNED HOME LOOKING FOR WORKSUDDEN JOB COMPETITION BETWEEN VETERANS AND AFRICAN AMERICANS IN NORTH LED TO RACIAL RIOTS

AP RACIAL UNREST

The Lost Generationhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=suEbG3vMm2U

321THE ELECTION OF 1920BY 1920, MOST AMERICANS WANTED AN END TO THE UNREST THE DEMOCRATS RAN JAMES M COX, THE REPUBLICANS RAN WARREN G HARDINGHARDING CALLED FOR A RETURN TO NORMALCYHARDING WON BY A LANDSLIDE

Activity: WW1

16-4 Guided ReadingLearning LogWHY DID THE END OF WW1 BRING SO MUCH TURMOIL TO THE USA?WHAT EVENTS MADE AMERICANS BELIEVE A REVOLUTION WAS IMMINENT IN 1919?WHAT LED TO RACIAL RIOTS IN THE NORTH?WHAT IS A RED SCARE?WHAT IMPACT DID THE PALMER RAIDS HAVE ON CIVIL LIBERTIES?