USGS/TCEQ Cyanobacteria/Cyanotoxin Program...Nov 07, 2017 · Negative dipstick kit test result for...
Transcript of USGS/TCEQ Cyanobacteria/Cyanotoxin Program...Nov 07, 2017 · Negative dipstick kit test result for...
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USGS/TCEQ Cyanobacteria/Cyanotoxin Program
Presented to
Texas Commission on Environmental QualitySurface Water Quality Monitoring Meeting
Christopher Churchill, Ph.D.
U.S. Geological SurveyNorth Texas Program Office, Fort Worth
November 7, 2017
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Presentation outline• Objectives• Study design• Methods• Salient results• Deliverables• FY 18-19 study
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Acknowledgements• Funding Cooperator
– Texas Commission on Environmental Quality
• Partners– Texas Parks and Wildlife Department– U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
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Objectives• Detect and quantify
– Cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins– Taste-and-odor compounds (TAOCs)– Chlorophyll-a and pheophytin-a– Cations/anions, nutrients, TDS, and TOC
• Determine phytoplankton taxonomy• Methods assessment/comparison
– Determine most accurate, cost-effective methods– Future study design
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Study design FY 16-17• Phase 1
– QAPP• Phase 2
– Equipment preparation• Phase 3
– Field work (August 29, 2016 – October 12, 2016)• Eighteen reservoirs• Four QC samples
• Phase 4– Data management and reporting
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Methods• Cyanobacteria and other phytoplankton
– Taxonomy– Biomass/Biovolume– Concentrations
• Cyanotoxins– Dipstick kits– Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)– Liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry
(LC/MS/MS)• TAOCs
– Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC/MS)
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Methods (cont.)• Basic field water chemistry
– Temp, DO, pH, SC, turbidity, irradiance, chlorophyll, and phycocyanin
• Water transparency• Meteorology
– Air temperature– Barometric pressure– Wind speed and direction
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Methods (cont.)• Lab water chemistry
– Major ions, DOC, TDS, nutrients, and TOC
• Biotic chemistry (photopigments)– Chlorophyll-a– Pheophytin-a
• Number of water-quality constituents– Field and water chemistry: 60– Cyanotoxins and TAOCs: 41
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Study reservoirs
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Salient results• Green algae and cyanobacteria detected in all
sampled reservoirs– Green algae: 41 different genera– Cyanobacteria: 27 different species
• Microcystis aeruginosa– NRCS Upper Bosque River site, Benbrook Lake, and Fort
Phantom Hill Reservoir• Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii
– Detected in 13 reservoirs• Golden algae detected in 14 reservoirs• TAOCs detected in most reservoirs
Preliminary results, subject to revision
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Texoma – 8/30/2016Phytoplankton data summary
Preliminary results, subject to revision
Green algae
Golden algae
Cyanobacteria
CyanobacteriaGreen algae
Percent of sample
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Lake O’ the Pines – 09/28/2016 Phytoplankton data summary
Green algae
Cyanobacteria
Golden algae
Euglenophyta Dino-flagellates
Preliminary results, subject to revision
DiatomsGreen algae
Cyanobacteria
Diatoms
Percent of sample
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Palestine – 10/03/2016Phytoplankton data summary
Preliminary results, subject to revision
Green algae
Golden algae
Cyanobacteria EuglenophytaCryptophyta
CyanobacteriaGreen algae
Percent of sample
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Grapevine – 10/05/2016Phytoplankton data summary
Preliminary results, subject to revision
Diatoms Green algae
Cyanobacteria Euglenophyta DinoflagellatesCryptophyta
CyanobacteriaGreen algae
Percent of sample
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Kemp – 09/14/2016Phytoplankton data summary
CyanobacteriaGreen algae
Diatoms Green algae
Cyanobacteria Haptophyta Dino-flagellates
CryptophytaGolden algae
Preliminary results, subject to revisionPercent of sample
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NRCS Upper Bosque River Site – 09/07/2016Phytoplankton data summary
Cyanobacteria
Green algae
Cyanobacteria
Preliminary results, subject to revision
Golden algae
Percent of sample
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TAOCs and photopigmentsTaste-and-odor compounds
(ng/L)Photopigments
(mg/L)Reservoir Date MIB Geosmin Chlorophyll-a Pheophytin-a
Texoma 8/30/2016 12.3 <1.0 0.023 <0.003
Upper Bosque 9/7/2016 6.7 20.3 0.046 0.006
Arrowhead 9/14/2016 153.4 16.9 0.017 0.007
Kemp 9/14/2016 <1.0 1.7 0.012 <0.003
Lake O' the Pines 9/28/2016 10.1 24.3 0.038 0.007
Palestine 10/3/2016 13.0 11.1 0.049 0.006
Benbrook 10/5/2016 4.1 69.5 0.040 <0.003
Grapevine 10/5/2016 4.0 2.4 0.008 0.021
Preliminary results, subject to revision
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Salient results (cont.)• Microcystins detected in four reservoirs
– Max 23 µg/L Upper Bosque River site
• Cylindrospermopsin detected in two reservoirs– Max 0.84 µg/L Lake Kemp
• Saxitoxin detected in one reservoir– Max 0.03 µg/L Lake Kemp
• Nodularin present in Upper Bosque River site
Preliminary results, subject to revision
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Deliverables• Data set
– All data other than taxonomy
• Data Release through ScienceBase– Taxonomy data
• Phytoplankton Data for 18 Texas Reservoirs, August through October, 2016. US Geological Survey data release
• https://doi.org/10.5066/F7J965BH
• Summary Report– Project overview and summary of findings
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Study design FY 18-19• Phase 1
– QAPP• Phase 2
– Methods assessment/comparison• Phase 3
– Field work• Deliverables planned for FY 18
– Summary Report: Methods comparison FY 16-17 study• Deliverables planned for FY 19
– Data set and Summary Report: FY 18-19 study
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Negative dipstick kit test result for anatoxin-asamples collected at NRCS Upper Bosque River Site No. 4 near Stephenville, TX on 9/7/2016
Positive dipstick kit test result for microcystin (> 10 µg/L) for samples collected at NRCS
Upper Bosque River Site No. 4 near Stephenville, TX on 9/7/2016
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Harmful algal bloom (Microcystis) at NRCS Upper Bosque River Site No. 4 near Stephenville, TX on 9/7/2016
Visible Microcystis colonies in a surface-water grab sample collected at NRCS Upper Bosque
River Site No. 4 near Stephenville, TX on 9/7/2016