User's Manual - Crown Broadcast€¦ · FM30/FM150/FM300 Broadcast Transmitter User's Manual ©2007...

FM30/FM150/FM300 Broadcast Transmitter

User's Manual

©2007 Crown Broadcast, a division of International Radio and Electronics Corporation

25166 Leer Drive, Elkhart, Indiana, 46514-5425 U.S.A. (574) 262-8900

Revision Control Revision Print Date

Initial Release March 2007

Important Notices ©2007, Crown Broadcast, a division of International Radio and Electronics Corporation. Portions of this document were originally copyrighted by Michael P. Axman in 1994. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, transmitted, transcribed, stored in a retrieval system, or translated into any language in any form by any means without the written permission of International Radio and Electronics, Inc. Printed in U.S.A.

Crown Broadcast attempts to provide information that is accurate, complete, and useful. Should you find inadequacies in the text, please send your comments to the following address:

International Radio and Electronics Corporation P.O. Box 2000

Elkhart, Indiana, 46515-2000 U.S.A.

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Contents Section 1– Getting Acquainted 1-1 1.1 Your Transmitter 1-2 1.2 Applications and Options 1-3 1.2.1 Stand Alone 1-4 1.2.2 Backup 1-4 1.2.3 Booster 1-4 1.2.4 Exciter 1-4 1.2.5 Translator 1-5 1.2.6 Satellator 1-6 1.2.7 Nearcasting 1-6 1.3 Transmitter/Exciter Specifications 1-7 1.4 Receiver Specifications 1-9 1.5 Safety Considerations 1-10 1.5.1 Dangers 1-10 1.5.2 Warnings 1-10 1.5.3 Cautions 1-10 Section 2– Installation 2-1 2.1 Operating Environment 2-2 2.2 Power Connections 2-2 2.2.1 AC Line Voltage Setting 2-2 2.2.2 Fuses 2-5 2.2.3 Battery Power 2-5 2.3 Frequency (Channel) Selection 2-5 2.3.1 Modulation Compensator 2-7 2.4 Receiver Frequency Selection 2-7 2.5 RF Connections 2-10 2.6 Audio Input Connections 2-11 2.7 SCA Input Connections 2-12 2.8 Composite Input Connection 2-12 2.9 Audio Monitor Connections 2-13 2.10 Pre-emphasis Selection 2-13 2.11 Program Input Fault Time-out 2-14 2.12 Remote I/O Connector 2-14

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Section 3-Operation 3-1 3.1 Initial Power-up Procedures 3-2 3.2 Power Switches 3-4 3.2.1 DC Breaker 3-4 3.2.2 Power Switch 3-4 3.2.3 Carrier Switch 3-4 3.3 Front Panel Bar-Dot Displays 3-5 3.3.1 Audio Processor Input 3-5 3.3.2 Highband and Wideband Display 3-5 3.3.3 Modulation Display 3-5 3.4 Input Gain Switches 3-6 3.5 Processing Control 3-6 3.6 Stereo-Mono Switch 3-6 3.7 RF Output Control 3-7 3.8 Digital Multimeter 3-7 3.9 Fault Indicators 3-8 Section 4-Principals of Operation 4-1 4.1 Part Numbering 4-2 4.2 Audio Processor Circuit 4-3 4.3 Stereo Generator Circuit 4-4 4.4 RF Exciter Circuit Board 4-6 4.5 Metering Circuit Board 4-8 4.6 Motherboard 4-9 4.7 Display Circuit Board 4-10 4.8 Voltage Regulator Circuit Board 4-11 4.9 Power Regulator Circuit Board 4-12 4.10 RF Driver/Amplifier (FM30) 4-12 4.11 RF Driver (FM150/FM300) 4-13 4.12 RF Amplifier (FM150/FM300 4-13 4.13 Chassis 4-14 4.14 RF Output Filter & Reflectometer 4-14 4.15 Receiver Circuit Board Option 4-15

iv

Section 5-Adjustments and Tests 5-1 5.1 Audio Processor Adjustments 5-2 5.1.1 Pre-Emphasis Selection 5-2 5.1.2 Pre-Emphasis Adjustment 5-2 5.2 Stereo Generator Adjustments 5-2 5.2.1 Separation 5-2 5.2.2 Composite Output 5-2 Using a Modulation Monitor 5-3 5.2.3 19kHz Level 5-4 5.2.4 19kHz Phase 5-4 5.3 Frequency Synthesizer Adjustments 5-4 5.3.1 Frequency (Channel) Selection 5-4 5.3.2 Modulation Compensator 5-4 5.3.3 Frequency Measurement and Adjustment 5-4 5.3.4 FSK Balance Control 5-5 5.4 Metering Board Adjustments 5-5 5.4.1 Power Calibrate 5-5 5.4.2 Power Set 5-5 5.4.3 SWR Calibrate 5-5 5.4.4 PA Current Limit 5-6 5.5 Motherboard Adjustments 5-6 5.6 Display Modulation Calibration 5-6 5.7 Voltage Regulator Adjustment 5-6 5.8 Bias Set (RF Power Amplifier) 5-7 5.9 Performance Verification 5-7 5.9.1 Audio Proof of Performance Measurements 5-7 5.9.2 De-Emphasis Input Network 5-7 5.10 Carrier Frequency 5-8 5.11 Output Power 5-8 5.12 RF Bandwidth and RF Harmonics 5-8 5.13 Pilot Frequency 5-8 5.14 Audio Frequency Response 5-9 5.15 Audio Distortion 5-9 5.16 Modulation Percentage 5-9 5.17 FM and AM Noise 5-9 5.18 Stereo Separation 5-9 5.19 Crosstalk 5-9 5.19.1 Main Channel Into Sub 5-10 5.19.2 Sub Channel Into Main 5-10 5.20 38kHz Subcarrier Suppression 5-10 5.21 Additional Checks 5-10

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Section 6-Reference Drawings 6-1 6.1 Views 6-2 6.2 Board Layouts and Schematics 6-4 Section 7-Service and Support 7-1 7.1 Service 7-2 7.2 24-Hour Support 7-2 7.3 Spare Parts 7-2 Transmitter Output Efficiency Appendix-1 Glossary G-1 Index Index-1

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Section 1—Getting Acquainted

This section provides a general description of the FM30, FM150, and FM300 transmitters and introduces you to safety conventions used within this document. Review this material before installing or operating the transmitter.

1-1 Getting Acquainted

1.1 Your Transmitter The FM30, FM150, and FM300 are members of a family of FM stereo broadcast transmitters. Crown transmitters are known for their integration, ease-of-use, and reliability. The integration is most apparent in the standard transmitter configuration which incorporates audio processing, stereo generation, and RF amplification without compromised signal quality. A single Crown transmitter can replace several pieces of equipment in a traditional system. Ease-of-use is apparent in the user-friendly front panel interface and in the installation procedure. Simply select your operating frequency (using 5 external switches), add an audio source, attach an antenna, and connect AC or DC power and you're ready to broadcast. Of course, the FM series of transmitters also feature more sophisticated inputs and monitoring connections if needed. Reliability is a Crown tradition. The first Crown transmitters were designed for rigors of worldwide and potentially portable use. The modular design, quality components, engineering approach, and high production standards ensure stable performance. Remote control and metering of the transmitter are made possible through a built-in I/O port. For more direct monitoring, the front panel includes a digital multimeter display and status indicators. Automatic control circuitry provides protection for high VSWR as well as high current, voltage, and temperature conditions.

This manual describes the FM30, FM150, and FM300 because all three transmitters share common design factors. Specific product differences are noted throughout the manual. In physical appearance, the FM30 differs from the FM150 and FM300 in that it lacks the power amplifier and cooling fan assembly on the back panel.

Illustration 1-1 FM150 Stereo Broadcast Transmitter

1-2 FM30/FM150/FM300 User’s Manual

1.2 Applications and Options Crown transmitters are designed for versatility in applications. They have been used as stand-alone and backup transmitters and in booster, translator, satellator, and nearcast applications. The following discussion describes these applications further. Model numbers describe the configuration of the product (which has to do with its intended purpose) and the RF output power which you can expect. The number portion of each name represents the maximum RF output power. The FM300, for example, can generate up to 300 watts of RF output power. Suffix letters describe the configuration. The FM300T, for example, is the standard or transmitter configuration. Except where specified, this document describes the transmitter configuration. In this configuration, the product includes the following components (functions): • Audio Processor/Stereo Generator • RF Exciter • Metering • Low-Pass filter

Illustration 1–2 Standard (Transmitter) Configuration


1.2.1 Stand-Alone In the standard configuration, the FM30, FM150, and FM300 are ideal stand-alone transmitters. When you add an audio source (monaural, L/R stereo, or composite signal), an antenna, and AC or DC power, the transmitter becomes a complete FM stereo broadcast station, capable of serving a community. As stand-alone transmitters, Crown units often replace multiple pieces of equipment in a traditional setup (exciter, audio processor, RF amplifier). 1.2.2 Backup In the standard configuration, Crown transmitters are also used in backup applications. Should your primary transmitter become disabled, you can continue to broadcast while repairs take place. In addition, the FM transmitters can replace disabled portions of your existing system including the exciter, audio processor, or amplifier. Transfer switches on each side of the existing and backup transmitters make the change-over possible with minimal downtime. The DC operation option of the FM30, FM150, and FM300 make them attractive backup units for those times when AC power is lost. 1.2.3 Exciter In addition to the standard configuration, the FM30, FM150, and FM300 are available in op-tional configurations to meet a variety of needs. An "E" suffix, as in the FM30E, for example, represents an exciter-only configuration. In this configuration, the audio processor and stereo generator boards are replaced with circuitry to bypass their function. The exciter configurations are the least expensive way to get Crown quality components into your transmission system. You might consider the Crown exciter when other portions of your system are performing satisfactorily and you want to maximize your investment in present equipment.


1.2.4 Translator A receiver configuration (FM150R, for example) replaces the audio processor/stereo gen-erator board with a receiver module. This added feature makes the FM30, FM150, and FM300 ideal for translator service in terrestrial-fed networks. These networks represent a popular and effective way to increase your broadcasting coverage. Translators, acting as repeater emitters, are necessary links in this chain of events. Traditionally, network engineers have relied on multiple steps and multiple pieces of equip-ment to accomplish the task. Others have integrated the translator function (receiver and exciter) to feed an amplifier. Crown, on the other hand, starts with an integrated transmitter and adds a solid-state Receiver Module to form the ideal translator.

Illustration 1–3 Crown's Integrated Translator This option enables RF in and RF out on any of Crown’s FM series of transmitters. In addi-tion, the module supplies a composite output to the RF exciter portion of the transmitter. From here, the signal is brought to full power by the built-in power amplifier for retransmis-sion. The Receiver Module has been specifically designed to handle SCA channel output up to 100 kHz for audio and high-speed data. FSK ID programming is built-in to ensure compliance with FCC regulations regarding the on-air identification of translators. Simply specify the call sign of the repeater station when ordering. Should you need to change the location of the translator, replacement FSK chips are available. The Receiver Module option should be ordered at the time of initial transmitter purchase. However, an option kit is available for field converting existing Crown units. In the translator configuration there are differences in the function of the front panel, see Section 3 for a description.


1.2.5 Satellator One additional option is available for all configurations—an FSK Identifier (FSK IDer). This added feature enables the FM30, FM150, and FM300 to transmit its call sign or operating frequency in a Morse code style. This option is intended for use in satellite-fed networks. Transmitters equipped in this fashion are often known as "satellators." Connect the transmitter to your satellite receiver and the pre-programmed FSK IDer does the rest—shifting the frequency to comply with FCC requirements and in a manner that is unnoticeable to the listener. The FSK IDer module should be ordered at the time you order your transmitter, but is available separately (factory programmed for your installation).

Illustration 1–4 Transmitter with FSK IDer Option

Add the FSK IDer option to the exciter configuration for the most economical satellator (a composite input signal is required).

1.2.6 Nearcasting The output power of an FM30 transmitter can be reduced to a level that could function as a near-cast transmitter. Crown transmitters have been used in this way for language transla-tion, for re-broadcasting the audio of sporting events within a stadium, and for specialized local radio. The FM30 is the only transmitter that is appropriate for this application.


1.3 Transmitter/Exciter Specifications

Frequency Range 87.9 MHz–107.9 MHz (76 MHz–90 MHz optionally available)

RF Power Output (VSWR 1.7:1 or better) FM30 3-33 Watts adjustable FM150 15-165 Watts adjustable FM300 30-330 Watts adjustable RF Output Impedance 50 Ohms Frequency Stability Meets FCC specifications from 0-50 degrees C Audio Input Impedance 50k Ω bridging, balanced, or 600 Ω Audio Input Level Selectable for –10 dBm to +10 dBm for 75 kHz deviation at 400 Hz Pre-emphasis Selectable for 25, 50, or 75 µsec; or flat Audio Response Conforms to 75 µsec pre-emphasis curve as follows: Complete Transmitter ±0.30 dB (50 Hz–10 kHz) ±1.0 dB (10 kHz–15 kHz) Exciter only ±0.25 dB (50 Hz–15 kHz) Distortion (THD + Noise) Complete Transmitter Less than 0.7% (at 15kHz) Exciter only Less than 0.3% (50Hz-15kHz) Stereo Separation Complete Transmitter Better than –40dB (50Hz-15kHz) Exciter only Better than –40dB (50Hz-15kHz) Crosstalk Main into Sub, better than –40dB Sub into Main, better than –40dB Stereo Pilot 19 kHz ±2 Hz, 9% modulation


Subcarrier Suppression 50dB below ±75 kHz deviation FM S/N Ratio (FM noise) Complete Transmitter Better than –60dB Exciter only Better than –70dB AM S/N Ratio Asynchronous and synchronous noise better than FCC requirements RF Bandwidth ±120 kHz, better than –35 dB ±240 kHz, better than –45 dB RF Spurious Products Better than –70dB Operating Environment Temperature (0°C to 50°C) Humidity (0 to 80% at 20°C) Maximum Altitude (3,000 Meters; 9834 Feet AC Power 100,120, 220, or 240 volts +10%/- 15%); 50/60Hz FM30 115VA FM150 297VA FM300 550VA DC Power FM30 24-36 volts (36 volts at 3 amps required for full output power) FM150 36-72 volts (48 volts @ 7 amps for full output power) FM300 36-72 volts (72 volts @ 10 amps for full output power)


Note: We set voltage and ampere requirements to assist you in designing your system. De-pending on your operating frequency, actual requirements for maximum voltage and current readings are 10–15% lower than stated.

Regulatory Type notified FCC parts 73 and 74 Meets FCC, DOC, and CCIR requirements Dimensions 13.5 x 41.9 x 44.5 cm 5.25 x 16.5 x 17.5 inches Weight FM30 10.5 kg (23 lbs) 13.6 kg (30 lbs) shipping weight FM150 11.4 kg (25 lbs) 14.5 kg (32 lbs) shipping weight FM300 16.8 kg (37 lbs) 20.0 kg (44 lbs) shipping weight


1.4 Receiver Specifications Monaural Sensitivity (demodulated, de-emphasized) 3.5 µ V for signal-to-noise > 50 dB Stereo Sensitivity (19–kHz pilot frequency added) 31 µ V for signal-to-noise > 50 dB Connector Standard type N, 50 Ω Shipping Weight 1 lb 1.5 Safety Considerations Crown Broadcast assumes the responsibility for providing you with a safe product and safety guidelines during its use. “Safety” means protection to all individuals who install, operate, and service the transmitter as well as protection of the transmitter itself. To promote safety, we use standard hazard alert labeling on the product and in this manual. Follow the associated guidelines to avoid potential hazard. 1.5.1 Dangers DANGER represents the most severe hazard alert. Extreme bodily harm or death will occur if DANGER guidelines are not followed. 1.5.2 Warnings WARNING represents hazards which could result in severe injury or death. 1.5.3 Cautions CAUTION indicates potential personal injury, or equipment or property damage if the asso-ciated guidelines are not followed. Particular cautions in this text also indicate unauthorized radio-frequency operation.

Illustration 1–5 Sample Hazard Alert


Section 2—Installation

This section provides important guidelines for installing your transmitter. Review this information carefully for proper installation.

2-1 Installation

2.1 Operating Environment You can install the FM transmitter in a standard component rack or on a suitable surface such as a bench or desk. In any case, the area should be as clean and well ventilated as possible. Always allow for at least 2 cm of clearance under the unit for ventilation. If you set the transmitter on a flat surface, install spacers on the bottom cover plate. If you install the transmitter in a rack, provide adequate clearance above and below. Do not locate the trans-mitter directly above a hot piece of equipment. 2.2 Power Connections The FM30, FM150, and FM300 operate on 100, 120, 220, or 240 volts AC (50 or 60 Hz; sin-gle phase). Each transmitter can operate on DC power as well (28 volts for the FM30, 48 volts for the FM150, and 72 volts for the FM300). The transmitter can operate on fewer volts DC, but with reduced RF output power (see section 1.3). In addition, the transmitter isolates the AC and DC sources; both can be connected at the same time to provide battery backup in the event of an AC power failure. 2.2.1 AC Line Voltage Setting To change the voltage setting, follow these steps: 1. Disconnect the power cord if it is attached. 2. Open the cover of the power connector assembly using a small, flat blade screw

driver. See Illustration 2–1. 3. Insert the screwdriver into the voltage selection slot and remove the drum from the as-

sembly. 4. Rotate the drum to select the desired voltage. See Illustration 2–2. 5. Replace the drum and cover and check to see that the correct voltage appears in the

connector window. 6. Connect the AC power cord.


Illustration 2–1 Removing the Power Connector Cover

Illustration 2–2 Selecting an AC Line Voltage

2-3 Installation

2.2.2 Fuses The fuse holders are located in the power connector assembly just below the voltage selec-tor.

Illustration 2–3 Fuse Holder

For 100 to 120 VAC operation, use the fuse installed at the factory. For 220 to 240 VAC op-eration, use the slow-blow fuse located in a hardware kit within the transmitter packaging. Consult the following table:

Transmitter Input Power Fuse

FM30 100–120 V 3 A 220–240 V 1.5 A

FM150 100–120 V 6.3 A 220–240 V 4 A

FM300 100–120 V 12.5 A 220–240 V 6.3 A Illustration 2–4 Fuse Reference Table


2.2.3 Battery Power Your transmitter can operate on a DC power source (such as 4 or 5, 12–volt deep cycle bat-teries connected in series). The FM30 requires 28 volts DC for full output power, while the FM150 requires 48 volts, and FM300 requires 72 volts for full output power. Connect the batteries to the red (+) and black (–) battery input binding posts on the rear panel. 2.3 Frequency (Channel) Selection Your transmitter is capable of operating between 87.9 and 107.9 MHz in the FM band. The transmitter can also operate between 76 and 90 MHz by shorting pins 9 and 10 of J20 on the motherboard. (See illustration 2-6) To adjust the operating frequency, follow these steps: 1. Locate the frequency selector switches on the front panel which will be used to change

the setting. See Illustrations 2–6 and 2–7.

2–5 Illustration DC Input Terminals

2-5 Installation

2. Use small flat blade screwdriver or another suitable device to rotate the switches to the desired setting. (The selected number will appear directly above the white indicator dot on each switch.) See examples of selected frequencies in the illustration below.

3. To change the operating band from 87.9-107.9MHz to 76-90MHz or vice versa, or to ad-

just the modulation compensation pot, remove the top cover to gain access to these fea-tures. See illustrations 2-6 and 2-10.

Illustration 2–6 Top Cover Removed

Megahertz .1

Illustration 2–7 Transmitter Front Panel (Frequency Selector Switches)

= 88.10 MHz

= 107.90 MHz

Illustration 2–8 Two Sample Frequency Selections


.01

2.3.1 Modulation Compensator The Modulation trim-potentiometer (see illustration 2–10) compensates for slight variations in deviation sensitivity with frequency. Set the trim-pot dial according to the following graph:

Modulation Compensation Pot Setting

Illustration 2–9 Modulation Compensator Settings These compensator settings are approximate. Each mark on the potentiometer represents about 1.8% modulation compensation.

Illustration 2–10 Modulation Compensator Pot

2-7 Installation

Frequency of Operation (MHz)

108 0 106 10 104 15 102 25 100 35 98 40

97.1 45 96 55 94 60 92 70 90 75 88 80 86 80 84 80

82.4 70 82 65 80 55 78 30 76 0

2.4 Receiver Frequency Selection If you have a transmitter equipped with the receiver option, you will need to set the receiving or incoming frequency. 1. With the top cover removed, locate the receiver module and the two switches (labeled

SW1 and SW2).

Illustration 2–11 Receiver Module Switches

2. Use the adjacent chart to set the switches for the desired incoming frequency. 3. For frequencies in the Japan FM band, short pins 7&8 on J1 on the receiver card. 4. For 75us pre-emphasis short pins 3&4 and 5&6 on J2 of the Receiver card. 5. For 50us pre-emphasis short pins 1&2 and 7&8 on J2 of the Receiver card. 6. After setting the frequency, replace the top cover and screws.


Freq. 74-90 MHz

Freq. 88-108 MHz

SW1 SW2 Freq. 74-90 MHz

Freq. 88-108 MHz

SW1 SW2

74.9 87.9 0 0 78.9 91.9 1 4 75.0 88.0 8 0 79.0 92.0 9 4 75.1 88.1 0 1 79.1 92.1 1 5 75.2 88.2 8 1 79.2 92.2 9 5 75.3 88.3 0 2 79.3 92.3 1 6 75.4 88.4 8 2 79.4 92.4 9 6 75.5 88.5 0 3 79.5 92.5 1 7 75.6 88.6 8 3 79.6 92.6 9 7 75.7 88.7 0 4 79.7 92.7 1 8 75.8 88.8 8 4 79.8 92.8 9 8 75.9 88.9 0 5 79.9 92.9 1 9 76.0 89.0 8 5 80.0 93.0 9 9 76.1 89.1 0 6 80.1 93.1 1 A 76.2 89.2 8 6 80.2 93.2 9 A 76.3 89.3 0 7 80.3 93.3 1 B 76.4 89.4 8 7 80.4 93.4 9 B 76.5 89.5 0 8 80.5 93.5 1 C 76.6 89.6 8 8 80.6 93.6 9 C 76.7 89.7 0 9 80.7 93.7 1 D 76.8 89.8 8 9 80.8 93.8 9 D 76.9 89.9 0 A 80.9 93.9 1 E 77.0 90.0 8 A 81.0 94.0 9 E 77.1 90.1 0 B 81.1 94.1 1 F 77.2 90.2 8 B 81.2 94.2 9 F 77.3 90.3 0 C 81.3 94.3 2 0 77.4 90.4 8 C 81.4 94.4 A 0 77.5 90.5 0 D 81.5 94.5 2 1 77.6 90.6 8 D 81.6 94.6 A 1 77.7 90.7 0 E 81.7 94.7 2 2 77.8 90.8 8 E 81.8 94.8 A 2 77.9 90.9 0 F 81.9 94.9 2 3 78.0 91.0 8 F 82.0 95.0 A 3 78.1 91.1 1 0 82.1 95.1 2 4 78.2 91.2 9 0 82.2 95.2 A 4 78.3 91.3 1 1 82.3 95.3 2 5 78.4 91.4 9 1 82.4 95.4 A 5 78.5 91.5 1 2 82.5 95.5 2 6 78.6 91.6 9 2 82.6 95.6 A 6 78.7 91.7 1 3 82.7 95.7 2 7 78.8 91.8 9 3 82.8 95.8 A 7

Illustration 2–12-1 Receiver Frequency Selection (Continued on next page)

2-9 Installation

Freq. 74-90 MHz

Freq. 88-108 MHz


Freq. 88-108 MHz

SW1 SW2

82.9 95.9 2 8 86.6 99.6 B A 83.0 96.0 A 8 86.7 99.7 3 B 83.1 96.1 2 9 86.8 99.8 B B 83.2 96.2 A 9 86.9 99.9 3 C 83.3 96.3 2 A 87.0 100.0 B C 83.4 96.4 A A 87.1 100.1 3 D 83.5 96.5 2 B 87.2 100.2 B D 83.6 96.6 A B 87.3 100.3 3 E 83.7 96.7 2 C 87.4 100.4 B E 83.8 96.8 A C 87.5 100.5 3 F 83.9 96.9 2 D 87.6 100.6 B F 84.0 97.0 A D 87.7 100.7 4 0 84.1 97.1 2 E 87.8 100.8 C 0 84.2 97.2 A E 87.9 100.9 4 1 84.3 97.3 2 F 88.0 101.0 C 1 84.4 97.4 A F 88.1 101.1 4 2 84.5 97.5 3 0 88.2 101.2 C 2 84.6 97.6 B 0 88.3 101.3 4 3 84.7 97.7 3 1 88.4 101.4 C 3 84.8 97.8 B 1 88.5 101.5 4 4 84.9 97.9 3 2 88.6 101.6 C 4 85.0 98.0 B 2 88.7 101.7 4 5 85.1 98.1 3 3 88.8 101.8 C 5 85.2 98.2 B 3 88.9 101.9 4 6 85.3 98.3 3 4 89.0 102.0 C 6 85.4 98.4 B 4 89.1 102.1 4 7 85.5 98.5 3 5 89.2 102.2 C 7 85.6 98.6 B 5 89.3 102.3 4 8 85.7 98.7 3 6 89.4 102.4 C 8 85.8 98.8 B 6 89.5 102.5 4 9 85.9 98.9 3 7 89.6 102.6 C 9 86.0 99.0 B 7 89.7 102.7 4 A 86.1 99.1 3 8 89.8 102.8 C A 86.2 99.2 B 8 89.9 102.9 4 B 86.3 99.3 3 9 90.0 103.0 C B 86.4 99.4 B 9 X 103.1 4 C 86.5 99.5 3 A X 103.2 C C

Illustration 2–12-2 Receiver Frequency Selection (Continued on next page)


Freq. 74-90 MHz

Freq. 88-108 MHz


Freq. 88-108 MHz

SW1 SW2

X 103.3 4 D X 107.0 D F X 103.4 C D X 107.1 6 0 X 103.5 4 E X 107.2 E 0 X 103.6 C E X 107.3 6 1 X 103.7 4 F X 107.4 E 1 X 103.8 C F X 107.5 6 2 X 103.9 5 0 X 107.6 E 2 X 104.0 D 0 X 107.7 6 3 X 104.1 5 1 X 107.8 E 3 X 104.2 D 1 X 107.9 6 4 X 104.3 5 2 X 108.0 E 4 X 104.4 D 2 X 104.5 5 3 X 104.6 D 3 X 104.7 5 4 X 104.8 D 4 X 104.9 5 5 X 105.0 D 5 X 105.1 5 6 X 105.2 D 6 X 105.3 5 7 X 105.4 D 7 X 105.5 5 8 X 105.6 D 8 X 105.7 5 9 X 105.8 D 9 X 105.9 5 A X 106.0 D A X 106.1 5 B X 106.2 D B X 106.3 5 C X 106.4 D C X 106.5 5 D X 106.6 D D X 106.7 5 E X 106.8 D E X 106.9 5 F

Illustration 2–12-3 Receiver Frequency Selection

2-11 Installation

2.5 RF Connections Connect the RF load, an antenna or the input of an external power amplifier, to the type-N, RF output connector on the rear panel. VSWR should be 1.5:1 or better.

The RF monitor is intended primarily for a modulation monitor connection. Information gained through this connection can supplement that which is available on the transmitter front panel displays. If your transmitter is equipped with the receiver option, connect the incoming RF to the RF IN connector.

Illustration 2–13 RF Connections


2.6 Audio Input Connections Attach audio inputs to the Left and Right XLR connectors on the rear panel. (The Left channel audio is used on Mono.) Pin 1 of the XLR connector goes to chassis ground. Pins 2 and 3 represent a balanced differential input with an impedance of about 50 kΩ . They may be connected to balanced or unbalanced left and right program sources. The audio input cables should be shielded pairs, whether the source is balanced or unbal-anced. For an unbalanced program source, one line (preferably the one connecting to pin 3) should be grounded to the shield at the source. Audio will then connect to the line going to pin 2.

Illustration 2–14 XLR Audio Input Connectors

By bringing the audio return line back to the program source, the balanced differential input of the transmitter is used to best advantage to minimize noise. This practice is especially helpful if the program lines are fairly long, but is a good practice for any distance. If the program source requires a 600 Ω termination, see the motherboard configuration chart on page 4-9 for the proper configuration of the jumpers.

2-13 Installation

2.7 SCA Input Connections You can connect external SCA generators to the SCA In connectors (BNC-type) on the rear panel. The inputs are intended for the 60 kHz to 99 kHz range, but a lower frequency may be used if the transmitter is operated in Mono mode. (The 23 to 53 kHz band is used for ste-reo transmission.) For 7.5 kHz deviation (10% modulation), input of approximately 3.5–volts (peak-to-peak) is required.

Illustration 2–15 SCA Input Connectors

2.8 Composite Input Connection You may feed composite stereo (or mono audio) directly to the RF exciter bypassing the in-ternal audio processor and stereo generator. To use the Crown transmitter as an RF Exciter only ("E" version or when using the "T" version with composite input), it is necessary to use the Composite Input section of the transmitter. This will feed composite stereo (or mono au-dio) directly to the RF exciter. In the "T" version, this will bypass the internal audio proces-sor and stereo generator. Input sensitivity is approximately 3.5–volt P-P for 75 kHz deviation. 1. Enable the Composite Input by grounding pin 14 of the Remote I/O connector (see Illustration 2–18). 2. Connect the composite signal using the Composite In BNC connector.


Illustration 2–16 Composite In and Audio Monitor Connections

2.9 Audio Monitor Connections Processed, de-emphasized samples of the left and right audio inputs to the stereo genera-tor are available at the Monitor jacks on the rear panel. The signals are suitable for feeding a studio monitor and for doing audio testing. De-emphasis is normally set for 75 µsec; set to 50 µsec by moving jumpers, HD201 and HD202, on the Audio Processor/Stereo Generator board. 2.10 Pre-emphasis Selection Select the pre-emphasis curve (75 µsec, 50 µsec, 25 µsec, or Flat) by jumpering the appro-priate pins of header HD1 on the Audio Processor/Stereo Generator board. If you change the pre-emphasis, change the de-emphasis jumpers HD201 and HD202 on the Audio Proc-essor/Stereo Generator board to match.

2-15 Installation

2.11 Program Input Fault Time-out You can enable an automatic turn-off of the carrier in the event of program failure. To en-able this option, see illustration 2-18 on page 2-16. The time between program failure and carrier turn-off is set by a jumper (JP1) on the voltage regulator board (see page 6–14 for board location). Jumper pins 1 and 2 (the two pins closest to the edge of the board) for a delay of approximately 30 seconds; pins 3 and 4 for a 2–minute delay; pins 5 and 6 for a 4–minute delay, and pins 7 and 8 for an 8– minute delay. 2.12 Remote I/O Connector Remote control and remote metering of the transmitter is made possible through a 25–pin, D-sub connector on the rear panel. (No connections are required for normal operation.)

Illustration 2–17 Remote I/O Connector

Illustration 2–18 Remote I/O Connector (DB-25 Female)


Pin Number Function 1. Ground 2. FMV Control 3. Composite Out (sample of stereo generator output) 4. FSK In (Normally high; pull low to shift carrier frequency ap-

proximately 7.5 KHz. Connect to open collector or relay contacts of user-supplied FSK keyer.)

5. /Auto Carrier Off (Pull low to enable automatic turnoff of carrier

with program failure.) 6. Meter Battery (Unregulated DC voltage; 5 VDC=50 VDC) 7. Meter RF Watts (1 VDC = 100 Watts) 8. Meter PA Volts (5 VDC = 50VDC) 9. Remote Raise (A momentary switch, holding this pin low will slowly raise the RF output) 10. Remote Lower (A momentary switch, holding this pin low will slowly lower the RF output) 11. Remote SWR (A buffered metering output with a calculated reading of standing wave ratio in

VDC.) 12. External ALC Control 13. No Connection 14. /Ext. Enable (Pull low to disable the internal stereo generator and enable External Composite

Input.) 15. 38 KHz Out (From stereo generator for power supply synchronization. For transmitter equipped with receiver option, this pin becomes the right audio output for an 8- ohm monitor speaker. 38 KHz is disabled.) 16. ALC 17. /Carrier Off ( Pull low to turn carrier off) 18. Fault Summary ( line goes high if any fault light is activated.) 19. Meter PA Temperature (5 VDC=100 degrees C.) 20. Meter PA Current (1VDC=10 DC Amperes.) 21. Front Panel Voltmeter Input. 22. No Connection. 23. RDS RX 24. RDS TX 25. Ground

2-17 Installation

Notes:


Section 3—Operation

This section provides general operating parameters of your transmitter and a detailed description of its front panel display.

3-1 Operation

3.1 Initial Power-up Procedures These steps summarize the operating procedures you should use for the initial operation of the transmitter. More detailed information follows.

1. Turn on the DC breaker.

Illustration 3–1 DC Breaker

2. Turn on the main power switch.

Illustration 3–2 Front Panel Power Switch

Main Power Switch


3. Verify the following:

A. The bottom cooling fan runs continuously. B. The Lock Fault indicator flashes for approximately 5 seconds, then goes off.

4. Set the Input Gain switches for mid-scale wideband gain reduction on an average program level (see section 3.4).

5. Set the Processing control (see section 3.5; normal setting is “50”). 6. Set the Stereo-Mono switch to Stereo (see section 3.6). 7. Turn on the Carrier switch. 8. Check the following parameters on the front panel multimeter:

A. RF Power should be 29–33 watts for the FM30, 145–165 watts for the FM150, and 300–330 watts for the FM300.

B. SWR should be less than 1.1. (A reading greater than 1.25 indicates an antenna

mismatch. C. ALC should be between 4.00 and 6.00 volts. D. PA DC Volts should be 26–30 volts for the FM30, 25–35 volts for the FM150, and

37–52 volts for the FM300. (Varies with antenna match, power, and frequency.) E. PA DC Amperes should be 1.5–2.5 amps for the FM30, 5.5–7.5 amps for the

FM150, and 7.0–9.0 amps for the FM300. (Varies with antenna match, power, and frequency.)

F. PA Temperature should initially read 20–35 degrees C (room temperature). After

one hour the reading should be 35–50 degrees C. G. Supply DC Volts should display a typical reading of 45 V with the carrier on and 50 V

with the carrier off for both the FM30 and FM150 products. For the FM300, the readings should be 65 V with the carrier on and 75 V with carrier off. H. Voltmeter should be reading 0.0.

The remainder of this section describes the functions of the front panel indicators and switches.

3-3 Operation

3.2 Power Switches 3.2.1 DC Breaker The DC breaker, on the rear panel, must be on (up) for transmitter operation, even when using AC power. Electrically, the DC breaker is located immediately after diodes which iso-late the DC and AC power supplies. 3.2.2 Power Switch The main on/off power switch controls both the 120/240 VAC and the DC battery power in-put. 3.2.3 Carrier Switch This switch controls power to the RF amplifiers and supplies a logic high to the voltage regulator board, which enables the supply for the RF driver. In addition, the Carrier Switch controls the operating voltage needed by the switching power regulator. A "Lock Fault" or a low pin 17 (/Carrier Off) on the Remote I/O connector will hold the carrier off. (See section 2.12.)

Illustration 3–3 Front Panel Carrier Switch

Carrier Switch


3.3 Front Panel Bar-Dot Displays Bar-dot LEDs show audio input levels, wideband and highband audio gain control, and modulation percentage. Resolution for the gain control and modulation displays is increased over a conventional bar-graph display using dither enhancement which modulates the brightness of the LED to give the effect of a fade from dot to dot. (See section 4.7.) 3.3.1 Audio Processor Input Two vertical, moving-dot displays for the left and right channels indicate the relative audio levels, in 3 dB steps, at the input of the audio processor. Under normal operating conditions, the left and right Audio Processor indicators will be active, indicating the relative audio input level after the Input Gain switches. During program pauses, the red Low LED will light. The translator configuration shows relative audio levels from the included receiver. 3.3.2 Highband and Wideband Display During audio processing, the moving-dot displays indicate the amount of gain control for broadband (Wide) and pre-emphasized (High) audio. As long as program material causes activity of the Wideband green indicators, determined by the program source level and Input Gain switches, the transmitter will be fully modulated. (See section 3.4.) The Wideband indicator shows short-term “syllabic-rate” expansion and gain reduction around a long-term (several seconds) average gain set. In the translator configuration, the Wideband indicator also shows relative RF signal strength. Program material and the setting of the Processing control determine the magnitude of the short-term expansion and compression (the rapid left and right movement of the green light). High-frequency program content affects the activity of the Highband indicator. With 75–µsec pre-emphasis, Highband processing begins at about 2 kHz and increases as the audio fre-quency increases. Some programs, especially speech, may show no activity while some music programs may show a great deal of activity. 3.3.3 Modulation Display A 10–segment, vertical peak-and-hold, bar graph displays the peak modulation percentage. A reading of “100” coincides with 75 kHz deviation. The display holds briefly (about 0.1 sec-onds) after the peak. The “Pilot” indicator illuminates when the transmitter is in the stereo mode. To verify the actual (or more precise) modulation percentage, connect a certified modulation monitor to the RF monitor jack on the rear panel.

3-5 Operation

3.4 Input Gain Switches The “+6 dB” and “+12 dB” slide switches set audio input sensitivity according to the following table.

Illustration 3–4 Input Gain Switches Find, experimentally, the combination of Input Gain switch settings that will bring the Wideband gain-reduction indicator to mid scale for “normal” level program material. The audio processor will accommodate a fairly wide range of input levels with no degradation of audio quality. 3.5 Processing Control Two factors contribute to the setting of the Processing control: program material and personal taste. For most program material, a setting in the range of 40 to 70 provides good program density. For the classical music purist, who might prefer preservation of music dynamics over density, 10 to 40 is a good range. The audio will be heavily processed in the 70 to 100 range. If the program source is already well processed, as might be the case with a satellite feed, set the Processing to “0” or “10”. 3.6 Stereo-Mono Switch The Stereo-Mono slide switch selects the transmission mode. In Mono, feed audio only to the left channel. Although right-channel audio will not be heard as audio modulation, it will affect the audio processing.

+10dBm Down Down

+4dBm Up Down

-2dBm Down Up

-8dBm Up Up

Normal Input Sensitivity

Switches +6dB +12dB


3.7 RF Output Control Set this control for the desired output power level. Preferably, set the power with an external RF wattmeter connected in the coaxial line to the antenna. You may also use the RF power reading on the digital multimeter. The control sets the RF output voltage. Actual RF output power varies as the approximate square of the relative setting of the control. For example, a setting of “50” is approximately 1/4 full power. 3.8 Digital Multimeter The four-digit numeric display in the center of the front panel provides information on trans-mitter operation. Use the “Up” and “down” push-buttons to select one of the following pa-rameters. A green LED indicates the one selected.

Illustration 3–5 Digital Multimeter

RF Power—Actually reads RF voltage squared, so the accuracy can be affected by VSWR (RF voltage-to-current ratio). See section 5.4 for calibration. Requires calibration with the RF reflectometer being used. SWR—Direct reading of the antenna standing-wave ratio (the ratio of the desired load im-pedance, 50 ohms, to actual load). ALC—DC gain control bias used to regulate PA supply voltage. With the PA power supply at full output voltage, ALC will read about 6.0 volts. When the RF output is being regulated by the RF power control circuit, this voltage will be reduced, typically reading 4 to 5.5 volts. The ALC voltage will be reduced during PA DC overcurrent, SWR, or LOCK fault conditions.

3-7 Operation

PA DC Volts—Supply voltage of the RF power amplifier. PA DC Amps—Transistor drain current for the RF power amplifier. PA DC Temperature—Temperature of the RF power amplifier heatsink in degrees C. Supply DC Volts—Unregulated DC voltage at the input of the voltage regulators. For battery operation, this reading is the battery voltage minus a diode drop. Voltmeter—Reads the voltage at a test point located on the front edge of the motherboard. A test lead connected to this point can be used for making voltage measurements in the transmitter. The test point is intended as a servicing aid; an alternative to an external test meter. Remember that the accuracy is only as good as the reference voltage used by the metering circuit. Servicing a fault affected by the reference affects the Voltmeter reading. The metering scale is 0 to 199.9 volts. In the translator configuration, you can read a relative indication of RF signal strength nu-merically in the Voltmeter setting. 3.9 Fault Indicators Faults are indicated by a blinking red light as follows: SWR—Load VSWR exceeds 1.5:1. ALC voltage is reduced to limit the reflected RF power. Lock—Frequency synthesizer phase-lock loop is unlocked. This indicator normally blinks for about five seconds at power turn-on. Whenever this light is blinking, supply voltages will be inhibited for the RF driver stage as well as for the RF power amplifier. Input—The automatic carrier-off circuit is enabled (see sections 2.11 and 2.12) and the ab-sence of a program input signal has exceeded the preset time. (The circuit treats white or pink noise as an absence of a program.) PA DC—Power supply current for the RF power output amplifier is at the preset limit. ALC voltage has been reduced, reducing the PA supply voltage to hold supply current to the pre-set limit. PA Temp—PA heatsink temperature has reached 50° C (122° F) for the FM30 and 80° C (176° F) for the FM150 and FM300. At about 55° C (131°F) for the FM30 or 82°C (180° F) for the FM150 and FM300, ALC volt-age begins to decrease, reducing the PA supply voltage to prevent a further increase in temperature. By 60° C (140° F) for the FM50 and 85° C (185° F) for the FM150 and FM300, the PA will be fully cut off. The heatsink fan (models FM150°and FM300 only) is proportion-ally controlled to hold the heatsink at 35 C (95° F). Above this temperature, the fan runs at full speed.


Section 4—Principles of Operation

This section discusses the circuit principles upon which the transmitter functions. This information is not needed for day-to-day operation of the transmitter but may be useful for advanced users and service person-nel.

4-1 Principles of Operation

4.1 Part Numbering As this section refers to individual components, you should be familiar with the part number-ing scheme used. The circuit boards and component placement drawings use designators such as “R1”, “R2”, and “C1.” These same designators are used throughout the transmitter on several different circuit boards and component placement drawings. When referencing a particular compo-nent it is necessary to also reference the circuit board that it is associated with.


4.2 Audio Processor/Stereo Generator Circuit Board The audio board provides the control functions of audio processing-compression, limiting, and expansion, as well as stereo phase-error detection, pre-emphasis and generation of the composite stereo signal. Illustration 6-4 and accompanying schematic may be useful to you during this discussion. The overall schematic for the audio board is divided into two sheets; one each for the proc-essor and stereo generator sections of the board. Reference numbers are for the left channel. Where there is a right-channel counterpart, ref-erence number are in parenthesis.

Illustration 4–1 Audio Processor/Stereo Generator Board

4.2.1 Audio Processor Section Audio input from the XLR connector on the rear panel of the transmitter goes to instrument amplifier, U2 (U8). Two-bit binary data on the +6 dB and +12 dB control lines sets the gain of U2 (U8) to one of four levels in 6-dB steps. Gain of U2 is determined by R5, R6, or R7 (R45, R46, or R47) as selected by analog switch U1. U3 (U9) is a THAT2180 voltage-controlled amplifier with a control-voltage-to-gain constant of 6.1 mV/dB. The 2180 is a current-in/current-out device, so signal voltages at the input and output will be zero. R11 converts the audio voltage at the output of U2 (U8) to current at the input of U3 (U9). U3 (U9) output current is converted to audio voltage by U4A (U10A). U4B (U10B) is a unity-gain inverter. When the positive peaks at the output of U4A (U10A) or U4B (U10B) exceeds the gain-reduction threshold, U15 generates a 0.25 Volts-per-dB DC control bias, producing wide-band gain reduction for U3 (U9). The dB-linear allows a front-panel display of gain control on a linear scale with even distribution of dB.


Q1 (Q2) is a recover/expansion gate with a threshold about 18 dB below the normal pro-gram level. The amount of short-term expansion and time for gain recovery is controlled by the PROCESSING control, located on the front panel display board. (See section 3.5.) Audio components above 15,200 Hz are greatly attenuated by eighth-order switched-capacitor elliptical filter, U5 (U11). The filter cut-off frequency is determined by a 1.52-MHz clock (100 x 15,200 Hz) signal from the stereo generator section of the board. The broad-band signal level at the output of U5 (U11) is about 5 dB below that required for full modula-tion. (With normal program material, the 5 dB of headroom will be filled with pre-emphasized audio.) Pre-emphasis in microseconds is the product of the capacitance of C7 (C17), multiplied by the current-gain of U6 (U12), times the value of R22 (R62). (For description of the device used for U6 (12), see explanation for U3 (U9) above.) For a 75 micro-seconds pre-emphasis, the gain of U6 (U12) will be about 1.11. Selection of the pre-emphasis curve (75 µS, 50 µS, or Flat) is made by moving the jumper on HD1 to the pins designated on the board. Fine adjustment of the pre-emphasis is made with R23 (R63). (See section 5.1.) For high-band processing, the peak output of U7A (U13A) and U7B (U13B) is detected and gain-reduction bias is generated, as with the broadband processor. The high-band process-ing, however, shifts the pre-emphasis curve rather than affecting overall gain. Peak audio voltages are compared to plus and minus 5-volt reference voltages at the outputs of U19A and U19B. This same reference voltage is used in the stereo generator section. A stereo phasing error occurs when left and right inputs are of equal amplitude but opposite polarity. The most common cause is incorrect wiring of a left or right balanced audio line somewhere in the program chain-sometimes at the source of a recording. When this hap-pens, all the audio is in the left-minus-right stereo subcarrier-none in the left-plus-right base-band. The error can go unnoticed by one listening on a stereo receiver, but the audio may disappear on a mono receiver. In normal programming there may be short-term polarity re-versals of left versus right, either incidental or-for effect-intentional. A phase error of several seconds duration is processed by U14A and U14B and interpreted as a real error. During a phasing error the right-channel level is gradually reduced by 6 dB. For a listener to a stereo radio, the right-channel volume will be lower, while on a mono receiver there will be a reduc-tion of volume. NORMAL/TEST switch. In the TEST position, the stage gains are set to a fixed level. See section 6.2 4.2.2 Stereo Generator Section Composite stereo signal is generated from left and right-channel audio inputs. This section also has the amplifier (U201) for an optional external composite input and provision for in-sertion of SCA signal(s).


Processed, pre-emphasized left and right audio is passed through third-order lowpass filters comprised of U202A (203A) and associated circuitry. The filters decrease the level of audio products below 30 Hz. This low-frequency roll off is necessary to prevent disturbance to the phase-lock loop in the RF frequency synthesizer by extremely low-frequency audio compo-nents. (See caution at section 2.8.) U204 is a precision, four-quadrant, analog multiplier. The output of U204 is the product of 38 kHz applied to the Y input and the difference of left and right audio (L-R signal) applied to the X input. The resulting output is a double sideband, suppressed carrier/the L-R sub-carrier. Spectral purity of the stereo subcarrier is dependant on a pure 38-kHz sinewave at the mul-tiplier input. U207A and Y201 comprise a 7.6-MHz crystal oscillator from which the 19 and 38-kHz sub-carriers are digitally synthesized. U207F is a buffer. The 7.6 MHz is divided by 5 in U208A to provide 1.52 Mhz, used by switched-capacitor filters U5 and U11 in the audio section. 3.8 MHz, 1.9 MHz, and 304 kHz are also derived from dividers in U208. Exclusive-OR gates, U210C and U210D, provide a stepped approximation of a 38-kHz sine wave. With the resistor ratios used, the synthesized sine wave has very little harmonic energy below the 7th harmonic. U210A and B generate the 19-kHz pilot subcarrier. U211 is a dual switched-capacitor filter, configured as second-order, low-pass filters, each one with a Q of 5. The 38 and 19-kHz outputs of pins 1 and 20, respectively, are fairly pure sine waves. Harmonic distortion products are better than 66 dB down-with a THD of less than 0.05%. SEPARATION control R244 sets the 38-kHz level at the Y input of U204. Resistor matrix R219, R220, R221, and R223 sum the L+R audio with the L-R subcarrier to produce a current at the junction of R221 and R223 that will be converted to composite ste-reo (less pilot) at the output of summing amplifier U206A. SCA signal is also injected at the input of U206A. 19-kHz pilot is combined with composite stereo in summing amplifier U206B. Analog switch U205, at the input of U206A, provides switching of left and right audio for ste-reo and mono modes. In the mono mode, right channel audio is disabled, and the left chan-nel audio is increased from 45% modulation to 100%. MON L and MON R outputs go to the AF Monitor jacks on the rear panel. R209+R210 (R214+R215) and C207 (C210) is a de-emphasis network. Processed, de-emphasized samples of the left and right audio are used for a studio monitor and for audio testing. Jumpers at HD201 (HD202) allow selection of 50-µsec or 75-µsec de-emphasis. VR212A and B supply +7 volts and -7 volts, respectively. A 5-volt reference from the audio processor section supplies the subcarrier generators. For an explanation of on-board adjustments see section 5.2.


4.3 RF Exciter Circuit This circuit is also known as the Frequency Synthesizer. The Frequency Synthesizer part of the motherboard is no longer a separate module as was the case on older transmitters.The entire component side of the motherboard is a ground plane. Frequency selector switches located on the front panel of the transmitter establish the operating frequency. The VCO (voltage-controlled oscillator) circuitry is inside an aluminum case. Illustration 6-6 and accompanying schematics can be used as reference in this discussion. VCO1 operates at the synthesizer output frequency of 87 MHz to 108 MHz. The frequency is controlled by a voltage applied to pin 8 of the VCO. A sample of the RF comes from A2 and is fed to the PLL chip U13. U13 is a phase-locked-loop frequency synthesizer IC. The 10.24 MHz from the crystal oscillator is divided to 10 kHz. Internal programmable dividers divide the 87 - 108 MHz RF to 10 kHz. Differences between the two signals produce error signals at pins 7 and 8 of U14.

Illustration 4–2 Motherboard (Exciter Section)

Frequency selector switches are read by shift registers U17 and U18. Data from the shift registers is read by U16 which then programs the PLL (Phase Lock Loop) IC U13. U14B is a differential amplifier and filter for the error signal. Audio that is out of phase with that appearing on the error voltage is introduced by U14A., allowing for greater loop band-width with less degradation of the low frequency audio response. Lock and unlock status signals are available at the outputs of U15E and U15F respectively. Modulation is introduced to the VCO though R72 and R122.

Exciter Section


4.5 Metering Circuit The ALC and metering circuitry is on the motherboard (see Illustration 6–6). This circuit processes information for the RF and DC metering, and produces ALC (RF level-control) bias. It also provides reference and input voltages for the digital panel meter, voltages for remote metering, fan control, and drive for the front-panel fault indicators. Illustration 6–6 and accompanying schematics complement this discussion. PA voltage and current come from a metering shunt on the power regulator board. The PAI input is a current proportional to PA current; R153 converts the current to voltage used for metering and control. A voltage divider from the PAV line is used for DC voltage metering.

Illustration 4–3 Metering Circuit

U23A, U23B, and U24A, with their respective diodes, are diode linearity correction circuits. Their DC inputs come from diode detectors in the RF reflectometer in the RF low-pass filter compartment. U24B, U24C, are components of a DC squaring circuit. Since the DC output voltage of U24C is proportional to RF voltage squared, it is also proportional to RF power. U22C, U22A, U20A, and U22D are level sensors for RF power, reflected RF power, PA temperature, and external PA current, respectively. When either of these parameters ex-ceeds the limits, the output of U22B will be forced low, reducing the ALC (RF level control) voltage, which, in turn, reduces the PA supply voltage. The DC voltage set point for U22A (reflected RF voltage) is one-fifth that of U22C (forward RF voltage). This ratio corresponds to an SWR of 1.5:1 [(1+.2)/(1– .2)=1.5]. The U25 invert-ers drive the front panel fault indicators.

Metering Section


4.6 Motherboard The motherboard is the large board in the upper chassis interconnecting the audio proces-sor/stereo generator board or the optional receiver module or the Omnia digital audio proc-essor to the RF exciter and metering circuits. The motherboard provides the interconnec-tions for this boards, eliminating the need for a wiring harness, and provides input/output fil-tering. The RF exciter and Metering circuits are an integral part of the motherboard and are no longer separate boards as in past transmitter designs. Also contained on the motherboard is the +5.00 volt reference and the composite drive Op amp and its associated circuitry. The motherboard has configuration jumpers associated with different options that can be added at the time of order or at a later time as an upgrade. The motherboard configuration chart for these jumpers can be found on the following page.

Illustration 4–4 Configuration Jumpers

Configuration Jumpers


Jumper FMA “E” FMA“T”

50KΩ input FMA“T”

600Ω input FMA “R” FMA

“Omnia” Analog input

FMA “Omnia” AES input

Z1 Short Short Short Short Short Open Z2 Short Short Short Short Short Open Z3 Open Open Short Open Open Open Z4 Open Open Open Open Open Short Z5 Open Open Short Open Open Open Z6 Open Open Open Open Open Short Z7 Open Open Short Open Open Open Z8 Open Open Short Open Open Open Z9 Short Open Open Open Open Open Z10 Short Open Open Open Open Open Z11 Short Open Open Open Open Open Z12 Short Open Open Open Open Open Z13 Short Open Open Open Open Open Z14 Short Open Open Open Open Open Z15 Open Open Open Open Open Open Z16 Open Open Open Open Open Open Z17 Open Open Open Open Open Open Z18 Open Open Open Open Open Open Z19 Open Open Open Open Open Open Z20 Open Open Open Open Open Open Z21 Open Open Open Open Open Open Z22 Open Open Open Open Open Open Z23 Short Short Short Short Short Short Z24 Short Short Short Short Short Short Z25 Short Short Short Short Short Short Z26 Short Short Short Short Short Short Z27 Short Short Short Short Short Short Z28 Short Short Short Short Short Short Z29 Short Short Short Short Short Short Z30 Short Short Short Short Short Short Z31 Open Open Open Open Open Open Z32 Short Open Open Open Open Open Z33 Short Open Short Open Open Open

JMP1 Open Open Open Open Open Open JMP2 Open Open Open Open Open Open

Motherboard Jumper Configuration Chart 4.6.1


4.7 Display Circuit Board The front-panel LEDs, the numeric display, the slide switches, and the processing and RF level controls are mounted on the display circuit board. To access the component side of the board, remove the front panel by removing 12 screws. The board contains circuits for the digital panel meter, modulation peak detector, and LED display drivers, as well as indi-cators and switches mentioned above. Illustration 6–9 and accompanying schematic complement this discussion. Left and right audio from input stages of the audio processor board (just after the Input Gain attenuator) go to the L VU and R VU input on the display board. Peak rectifiers U1A and U1B drive the left and right Audio Input displays. The LED driver gives a 3–dB per step dis-play. The lowest step of the display driver is not used; rather a red LOW indicator lights when audio is below the level of the second step. Transistors Q1 and Q2 divert current from the LOW LEDs when any other LED of the display is lit. Resolution of the linear displays, High Band, Wide Band, and Modulation, has been im-proved using dither enhancement. With dither, the brightness of the LED is controlled by proximity of the input voltage relative to its voltage threshold. The effect is a smooth transi-tion from step to step as input voltage is changed. U6A, U6B, and associated components comprise the dither generator. Dither output is a triangular wave. Composite stereo (or mono) is full-wave detected by diodes D5 and D6, U7, U13, Q3, and Q4 are components of a peak sample-and-hold circuit. Oscillator, U9F, supplies a low-frequency square wave to the Fault indicators, causing them to flash on and off. Digital multimeter inputs are selected with push buttons located to the right of the multimeter menu. Signals from the push buttons are conditioned by U9A and U9B. U10 is an up/down counter. Binary input to U11 from U10 selects a green menu indicator light, and lights the appropriate decimal point on the numeric readout. The binary lines also go to analog data selectors on the ALC/ metering board. Processing control, R50, is part of the audio processor. (See section 4.2.) The DPM IN and DPM REF lines are analog and reference voltage inputs to digital multime-ter IC U12. They originate from analog data selectors on the ALC/ metering board.


4.8 Voltage Regulator Circuit Board The voltage regulator board is the longer of two boards mounted under the chassis toward the front of the unit. It has switch-mode voltage regulators to provide +12, –12, and 20 volts. It also contains the program detection and automatic carrier control circuits. Illustration 6–10 and accompanying schematic complement this discussion. U3E and U3F convert a 38–kHz sine wave from the stereo generator into a synchronization pulse. In the transmitter, synchronization is not used, thus D9 is omitted. U4 and U5 form a 20–volt switching regulator running at about 35 kHz. U4 is used as a pulse-width modulator; U5 is a high-side driver for MOSFET switch Q1. Supply voltage for the two IC’s (approximately 15.5 volts) comes from linear regulator DZ2/Q5. Bootstrap volt-age, provided by D10 and C14, allows the gate voltage of Q1 to swing about 15 volts above the source when Q1 is turned on. Current through the FET is sensed by R38 and R38A. If the voltage between pin 5 and 6 of U05 exceeds 0.23 volts on a current fault, drive to Q1 is turned off. Turn-off happens cycle by cycle. The speed of the turn-off is set by C13. U6 is a switching regulator for both +12 volts and –12 volts. It runs at about 52 kHz. Energy for –12 volts is taken from inductor L2 during the off portion of the switching cycle. The –12 volts tracks the +12 volts within a few tenths of a volt. There will be no –12 volts until current is drawn from the +12 volts. Q2, Q3, and Q4 form an active filter and switch, supplying DC voltage to the RF driver, when the Carrier switch is on. The program detection circuit is made up of U1 and U2. U1A and U1D and associated cir-cuitry discriminate between normal program material and white noise (such as might be pre-sent from a studio-transmitter link during program failure) or silence. U1A and surrounding components form a band-pass filter with a Q of 3 tuned to about 5 kHz. U1D is a first-order low-pass filter. Red and green LEDs on the board indicate the presence or absence of pro-gram determined by the balance of the detected signals from the two filters. U2 and U1C form a count-down timer. The time between a program fault and shutdown is selected by jumpering pins on header JP1. For times, see section 5.7. The times are proportional to the value of R21 (that is, times can be doubled by doubling the value of R21) and are listed in minutes.


4.9 Power Regulator Circuit Board The power regulator board is the shorter of two boards mounted under the chassis toward the front of the unit. The board has the isolating diode for the battery input, the switch-mode voltage regulator for the RF power amplifier, and circuitry for PA supply current metering. Illustration 6–10 and accompanying schematic complement this discussion. Diode D4, in series with the battery input, together with the AC-supply diode bridge, pro-vides diode OR-ing of the AC and DC supplies. U1 and U2 form a switching regulator running at about 35 kHz. U1 is used as a pulse-width modulator; U2 is a high-side driver for MOSFET switch Q1. Power for the two IC’s comes from the 20–volt supply voltage for the RF driver (available when the Carrier switch is on). The voltage is controlled at 16 volts by zener diode DZ1. Bootstrap voltage provided by D2 and C9 allows the gate voltage of Q1 to swing about 16 volts above the source when Q1 is turned on. Current through the FET is sensed by R12A and R12B. If the voltage from pin 5 to 6 of U2 exceeds 0.23 volts on a current fault, drive to Q1 is turned off. This happens on a cycle-by-cycle basis. The speed of the turnoff is set by C5. U3 and Q2 are used in a circuit to convert the current that flows through metering shunt, R19, into a current source at the collector of Q3. Forty milli-volts is developed across R19 for each amp of supply current (.04 ohms x 1 amp). Q3 is biased by U3 to produce the same voltage across R16. The collector current of Q3 is the same (minus base current) as that flowing through R22 resulting in 40 microamperes per amp of shunt current. R5 on the metering board converts Q3 collector current to 0.1 volt per amp of shunt current (.04 ma X 2.49 k). (See section 5.4.) 4.10 RF Driver/Amplifier (FM30) The RF Driver/Amplifier assembly is mounted on a 100 mm x 100 mm plate in the under side of the chassis. Illustration 6-14 and accompanying schematic complement this discussion. The driver amplifies the approximate 20 milliwatts from the frequency synthesizer to 30 watts. An MHW6342T hybrid, high-gain, wideband amplifier, operating at about 20 volts, provides about one watt of drive to a single BLF246 MOSFET amplifier. The BLF245 stage operates from a supply voltage of 28 volts in the FM30. The circuit board has components for input and output coupling and for power supply filter-ing.


4.11 RF Driver (FM150/FM300) The RF Driver assembly is mounted on a 100 mm x 100 mm plate in the under side of the chassis. Illustration 6-14 and accompanying schematic complement this discussion. The driver amplifies the approximate 20 milliwatts from the frequency synthesizer to about 8 watts to drive the RF power amplifier. An MHW6342T hybrid, high-gain, wideband amplifier, operating at about 20 volts, provides about one watt of drive to a single BLF245 MOSFET amplifier. The BLF245 stage operates from a supply voltage of approximately 20 volts. The circuit board provides for input/output coupling and for power supply filtering. 4.12 RF Amplifier (FM150/FM300) The RF power amplifier assembly is mounted on back of the chassis with four screws, lo-cated behind an outer cover plate. Access the connections to the module by removing the bottom cover of the unit. The RF connections to the amplifier are BNC for the input and out-put. Power comes into the module through a 5–pin header connection next to the RF input jack. Illustration 6-12 and accompanying schematic complement this discussion. The amplifier is built around a ST MicroElectronics SD2942, a dual power MOSFET rated for 50 volts DC and a maximum power of about 350 watts. When biased for class B, the transistor has a power gain of about 20 dB. (It is biased below class B in the transmitter.) Input transformer, T11, is made up of two printed circuit boards. The four-turn primary board is separated from the one-turn secondary by a thin dielectric film. R12–R17 are for damp-ing. Trim pot R11 sets the bias. Output transformer, T21, has a one-turn primary on top of the circuit board and a two-turn secondary underneath. Inductors L21 and L22 provide power line filtering.


4.13 Chassis The AC power supply components, as well as the bridge rectifier and main filter capacitor, are mounted on the chassis. Switching in the power-entry module configures the power transformer for 100, 120, 220, or 240 VAC; see section 2.2 for switching and fuse informa-tion. A terminal strip with MOV voltage-surge suppressors and in-rush current limiters is mounted on the chassis between the power entry module and the toroidal power trans-former.

The main energy-storage/filter capacitor, C01, is located between the voltage and power regulator boards. The DC voltage across the capacitor will be 45–55 volts (FM30 and FM150) or 65–70 volts (FM300) when the carrier is on. 4.14 RF Output Filter & Reflectometer The RF low-pass filter/reflectometer are located in the right-hand compartment on the top of the chassis. See Illustration 6–13 and accompanying schematic for more information. A ninth-order, elliptic, low-pass filter attenuates harmonics generated in the power amplifier. The capacitors for the filter are circuit board pads. The reflectometer uses printed circuit board traces for micro-strip transmission lines. Trans-mission line segments (with an impedance of about 82 ohms) on either side of a 50–ohm conductor provide sample voltages representative of the square root of forward and reverse power. DC voltages, representative of forward and reflected power, go through a bulkhead filter board to the motherboard, then to the metering board, where they are processed for power control and metering and for SWR metering and protection.


4.15 Receiver Circuit Board Option This option allows the transmitter to be used as a translator. The receiver board receives terrestrially fed RF signal and converts it to composite audio which is then fed into the ex-citer board. Microprocessor controlled phase lock loop technology ensures the received fre-quency will not drift, and multiple IF stages ensure high adjacent channel rejection. Refer to illustrations 4–6, 6–16 and its schematic for the following discussion. The square shaped metal can located on the left side of the receiver board is the tuner module. The incoming RF signal enters through the BNC connector (top left corner) and is tuned through the tuner module. Input attenuation is possible with the jumper labeled “LO” “DX”, on the top left corner of the receiver board. Very strong signals can be attenuated 20 dB automatically by placing the jumper on the left two pins (“LO” position). An additional 20 dB attenuation is also available with the jumpers in the top left corner of the board. The fre-quencies are tuned by setting switches SW1 and SW2 (upper right corner). These two switches are read upon power up (or by momentarily shorting J7) by the microprocessor (U4). The microprocessor then tunes the tuner module to the selected frequency. The fre-quency range is 87.9 Mhz at setting “00” to 107.9 Mhz at setting “64”. Other custom ranges are available. Located in the lower left-hand corner of the Receiver Module is a 3.5mm headphone jack. Demodulated Left and Right audio is present at this jack. A regular pair of 32 ohm stereo headphones, such as the types used with portable audio devices, can be used to monitor the audio on the receiver module.

Illustration 4–5 Receiver Module

Receiver Module


When a stereo signal is present, LED 3 illuminates which indicates that left and right audio is available. Then the stereo signals go to gain stages and out to the RCA jacks on the back of the cabinet. These can be used for off-air monitoring of the audio signal. Incoming fre-quency can be monitored from the frequency monitor BNC jack on the back. The stereo buffer, stereo decoder, and gain stages and have no effect on the signal that goes through the transmitter. The power supply is fairly straight forward. The incoming 12 volt supply goes to a 7809, 9 volt regulator (VR1) which supplies all 9–volt needs on the board. The 9 volts also supplies a 7805, 5 volt regulator (VR2) which supplies all 5–volt needs on the board. Plus and minus 12 volts from the motherboard is filtered and supplies various needs on the board. Finally there is a precision reference voltage. Two 2.5 volt reference shunts act very much like a very accurate zener diode to provide a precision 5 volt supply to the metering board.


Section 5—Adjustments and Tests

This section describes procedures for (1) advanced users who may be interested in customizing or optimizing the performance of the transmit-ter and (2) service personnel who want to return the transmitter to op-erational status following a maintenance procedure.

5-1 Adjustments and Tests

5.1 Audio Processor Adjustments 5.1.1 Pre-Emphasis Selection Select the pre-emphasis curve (75 µsec, 50 µsec, 25 µsec, or Flat) by jumpering the appro-priate pins of header HD1 on the audio processor/stereo generator board. (See section 2.9.) If you change the pre-emphasis, change the de-emphasis jumpers, HD201 and HD202 on the audio processor/stereo generator board, to match. (See section 2.8.) 5.1.2 Pre-Emphasis Fine Adjustment Trim potentiometers, R23 and R63, (for left and right channels, respectively) provide for fine adjustment of the pre-emphasis. Set the potentiometers to bring the de-emphasized gain at 10 kHz equal to that of 400 Hz. (At the proper setting, 15.0 kHz will be down about 0.7 dB.) When making these adjustments, it is important that you keep signal levels below the proc-essor gain-control threshold. A preferred method is to use a precision de-emphasis network in front of the audio input. Then, use the non-de-emphasized (flat) output from the FM modulation monitor for meas-urements. 5.2 Stereo Generator Adjustments 5.2.1 Separation Feed a 400–Hz sine wave into one channel for at least 70% modulation. Observe the clas-sic single-channel composite stereo waveform at TP301 on the RF Exciter circuit board. Ad-just the Separation control R244 for a straight centerline. Since proper adjustment of this control coincides with best stereo separation, use an FM monitor to make or confirm the adjustment.


5.2.2 Composite Output You can make adjustments to the composite output in the following manner: Using a Modulation Monitor 1. Set the Stereo-Mono switch to Mono. 2. Check that the setting of the Modulation compensation control (see illustration 2–9) on

the RF Exciter circuit , falls within the range specified for the frequency of operation. (See section 2.3.1.)

3. Feed a sine wave signal of about 2.5 kHz into the left channel at a level sufficient to put

the wideband gain-reduction indicator somewhere in the middle of its range. 4. Set the Composite level control to produce 90% modulation as indicated on an FM

monitor. 5. Apply pink noise or program material to the audio inputs and confirm, on both Mono and

Stereo, that modulation peaks are between 95% and 100%. 5.2.3 19–kHz Level Adjust the 19–kHz pilot for 9% modulation as indicated on an FM modulation monitor. (The composite output should be set first, since it follows the 19–kHz Level control.) 5.2.4 19–kHz Phase 1. Apply a 400–Hz audio signal to the left channel for at least 70% modulation. 2. Look at the composite stereo signal at TP301 on the RF Exciter circuit board with an os-

cilloscope, expanding the display to view the 19–kHz component on the horizontal cen-terline.

3. Switch the audio to the right-channel input. When the 19–kHz Phase is properly ad-

justed, the amplitude of the 19–kHz will remain constant when switching between left and right.

4. Recheck the separation adjustment as described in section 5.2.1. 5.3 Frequency Synthesizer Adjustments 5.3.1 Frequency (Channel) Selection Refer to section 2.3.


5.3.2 Modulation Compensator Refer to section 2.3.1 5.3.3 Frequency Measurement and Adjustment Next to the 10.24–MHz VCXO in the RF Exciter circuit on the motherboard, is a 50K potenti-ometer (R101). Use R101 to set the frequency of the 10.24–MHz VCXO while observing the output frequency of the synthesizer. Use one of two methods for checking frequency: 1. Use an FM frequency monitor. 2. Couple a frequency counter of known accuracy to the output of the synthesizer and ob-

serve the operating frequency. 5.3.4 FSK Frequency Offset Control An FSK signal (used for automatic identification of FM repeaters) shifts the frequencies of the 10.24–MHz VCXO reference oscillator and the VCO. Ground pin 4 on the DB25 connector located on the back panel of the transmitter. This will shift the operating frequency. Adjust R224 for an offset of the operating frequency of about 6 kHz. Un-grounding pin 4 will cause the operating frequency to return to normal. Use one of two methods for checking frequency: 1. Use an FM frequency monitor. 2. Couple a frequency counter of known accuracy to the output of the synthesizer and ob-

serve the operating frequency. 5.4 Metering Adjustments 5.4.1 Power Calibrate While looking at RF Power on the digital panel meter, set the Power Calibrate trim potenti-ometer (R215) to agree with an external RF power meter. 5.4.2 Power Set With the front panel RF Output control fully clockwise, adjust the Power Set trim pot (R55) to 10% more than the rated power (33 W for FM30, 165 W for FM150, 330 W for FM300) as indicated on an accurate external watt meter. If the authorized power is less than the maxi-mum watts, you may use the Power Set to limit the range of the RF Output control.


5.4.3 SWR Calibrate When the Carrier switch is off, or the RF power is less than about 5 watts, the SWR circuit automatically switches to a calibrate-check mode. (See section 4.5 for more information.) Set the digital panel meter to read SWR. With the Carrier switch off, set the SWR CAL trim pot (R66) to read 1.03. 5.4.4 PA Current Limit Since it may not be practical to increase the PA current to set the PA Current Limit control, you may use this indirect method. With the carrier turned off, look at the DC voltage at the right end of R186 in the Metering circuit on the motherboard. The current limit, in amperes, will be 0.35 amps higher than ten times this voltage. For example, for a current limit of 7.35 amps, adjust the PA Current Limit control for 0.7 volts at R186 ; or 0.565 volts for 6.0 amps. Set the current limit for 4 amps (FM50), 7 amps (FM150), or 9.5 amps (FM300). 5.5 Motherboard Configuration See section 4.6.1 for motherboard jumper configuration. 5.6 Display Modulation Calibration The Modulation Calibrate trim pot sets the sensitivity of the front panel Modulation bar graph display. This adjustment may be made only after the Output trim pot on the Audio Processor/Stereo Generator board has been set. (See section 5.2.2.) Set the Stereo-Mono switch to Mono. Feed a sine wave source of about 2.5 kHz into the left channel at a level sufficient to put the wideband gain-reduction indicator somewhere in the middle of its range. Set the Modulation Calibrate trim pot so that the “90” light on the front panel Modulation dis-play just begins to light.


5.7 Voltage Regulator Adjustments JP1, a 10–pin header on the Voltage Regulator board, sets the time between program fail-ure and carrier turnoff. Pins 1 and 2 are the two pins closest to the edge of the board. The times are approximate. Sections 2.11, 2.12, and 4.8 contain further information. 1. Short pins 1 and 2 for a 30–second delay. 2. Short pins 3 and 4 for a 2–minute delay. 3. Short pins 5 and 6 for a 4–minute delay. 4. Short pins 7 and 8 for an 8–minute delay. You may select other times by changing the value of R21. The time is proportional to the re-sistance. 5.8 Bias Set (RF Power Amplifier) The Bias Set trim pot is located inside the PA module on the input circuit board. Set the trim pot to its midpoint for near-optimum bias.


5.9 Performance Verification Measure the following parameters to receive a comprehensive characterization of trans-mitter performance: • Carrier frequency • RF output power • RF bandwidth and RF harmonics (see section 5.12) • Pilot frequency, phase, and modulation percentage • Audio frequency response • Audio distortion • Modulation percentage • FM and AM noise • Stereo separation between left and right • Crosstalk between main channel and subcarrier • 38–kHz subcarrier suppression • In addition to the above tests, which pertain to signal quality, a complete check of the

unit will include items listed in section 5.21. 5.9.1 Audio Proof-of-Performance Measurements References to “100%” modulation assume 9% pilot and 91% for the remainder of the com-posite stereo signal. Because the audio processing threshold is at 90% modulation, it is not possible to make audio proof-of-performance measurements at 100% modulation through the audio proces-sor. Instead, data is taken at a level below the audio processing threshold at 80% modula-tion. 5.9.2 De-emphasis Input Network A precision de-emphasis network, connected between the test oscillator and the audio in-put of the transmitter, can be very helpful when making the audio measurements. Note that the input impedance of the transmitter or the source impedance of the test oscillator can affect network accuracy. With the de-emphasis network, oscillator level adjustments need only accommodate gain errors, instead of the whole pre-emphasis curve.


5.10 Carrier Frequency Carrier frequency is measured at the output frequency with a frequency monitor or suitable frequency counter. To adjust frequency, see section 5.3.3. (FCC tolerance +/– 2000 Hz per FCC Part 73.1540 and 73.1545.) 5.11 Output Power The output power reading on the front panel display should be 90–105% of the actual value. For a more precise measurement, use a watt meter in the RF output line. See sections 5.4.1 and 5.4.2 for setting power. 5.12 RF Bandwidth and RF Harmonics You can observe RF bandwidth and spurious emissions with an RF spectrum analyzer. In the Stereo mode, feed a 15.0–kHz audio signal into one channel to provide 85% modula-tion as indicated on a monitor. Doing so produces 38% main, 38% stereo subcarrier, and 9% pilot per FCC Part 2.1049. As an alternative, use pink noise into one channel. Using a spectrum analyzer, verify the following (per FCC 73.317): 1. Emissions more than 600 kHz from the carrier are at least 43 + 10log(power, in watts)

dB down (58 dB for 30 watts, 65 dB for 150 watts, 68 dB for 300 watts). The scan should include the tenth harmonic.

2. Emissions between 240 kHz and 600 kHz from the carrier are down at least 35 dB. 3. Emissions between 120 kHz and 240 kHz from the carrier are down at least 25 dB. 5.13 Pilot Frequency The pilot frequency should be within 2 Hz of 19 kHz. (FCC Part 73.322.) Using a frequency counter, measure 1.9 MHz at pin 13 of U208 on the Audio Processor/Stereo Generator board. A 200–Hz error here corresponds to a 2–Hz error at 19 kHz. If the frequency is off by more than 50 Hz, you may change the value of C213. (Changing C213 from 56 pF to 68 pF lowers the 1.9 MHz by about 35 Hz.) 5.14 Audio Frequency Response For the response tests, take the readings from an FM modulation monitor. Make audio frequency response measurements for left and right channels at frequencies of 50 Hz, 100 Hz, 400 Hz, 1 kHz, 5 kHz, 10 kHz, and 15 kHz. See sections 5.9.1 and 5.9.2.


5.15 Audio Distortion Make distortion measurements from the de-emphasized output of an FM modulation moni-tor. Make audio distortion measurements for left and right channels at frequencies of 50 Hz, 100 Hz, 400 Hz, 1 kHz, 5 kHz, 10 kHz, and 15 kHz. See sections 5.9.1 and 5.9.2. 5.16 Modulation Percentage While feeding an audio signal into the left channel only, confirm that the total modulation percentage remains constant when switching between Mono and Stereo. Measure modulation percentage with an FM modulation monitor. See section 5.2.2. 19–kHz pilot modulation should be 9%. 5.17 FM and AM Noise Take noise readings from a de-emphasized output of a modulation monitor. 5.18 Stereo Separation Make left-into-right and right-into-left stereo separation measurements with an FM modula-tion monitor for frequencies of 50 Hz, 100 Hz, 400 Hz, 1 kHz, 5 kHz, 10 kHz, and 15 kHz. 5.19 Crosstalk For stereo crosstalk measurements, both left and right channels are fed at the same time. For best results, there needs to be a means of correcting small imbalances in levels and phase. The balance is made at 400 Hz. 5.19.1 Main Channel Into Sub Feed the left and right channels in phase with audio (L+R) at 50 Hz, 100 Hz, 400 Hz, 1 kHz, 5 kHz, 10 kHz, and 15 kHz at 100% modulation, while observing the stereo subcarrier (L-R) level on an FM modulation monitor. 5.19.2 Sub Channel Into Main Feed the audio into the left and right channel as above, with the exception of reversing the polarity of the audio of one channel (L-R input). Using the frequencies of 5.19.1 above, ob-serve the main channel (L+R) level with a modulation monitor.


5.20 38–kHz Subcarrier Suppression With no modulation, but in the Stereo mode, the 38–kHz subcarrier, as indicated on an FM modulation monitor, should be down at least 40 dB. 5.21 Additional Checks In addition to the tests and adjustments mentioned in this section, the following checks en-sure a complete performance appraisal of the transmitter: 1. Perform a physical inspection, looking for visible damage and checking that the chassis

hardware and circuit boards are secure. 2. Check the functionality of switches and processing control. 3. Verify that all indicators function. 4. Check the frequency synthesizer lock at 80 MHz and 110 MHz. 5. Measure the AC line current with and without the carrier on. 6. Perform a functional test of the SCA input, Monitor outputs, and the monitor and control

function at the 15–pin, D-sub connector. 7. Test the functionality of the FSK circuit. 8. Check the operation and timing of the automatic carrier-off circuitry associated with pro-

gram failure. 9. Check all metering functions. 10. Test ALC action with PA current overload, SWR, and PLL lock. NOTE: FCC type acceptance procedures call for testing the carrier frequency over the temperature range of 0–50 degrees centigrade, and at line voltages from 85% to 115% of rating. (See FCC Part 2.1055.)


Section 6—Reference Drawings

The illustrations in this section may be useful for making adjustments, taking measurements, troubleshooting, or understanding the circuitry of your transmitter.

6-1 Reference Drawings

6.1 Views

Illustration 6-1 Front View

Illustration 6-2 Rear View

DC Input

Circuit Breaker

RF Power Amplifier (FM150/300 Only)

AC Power Input

RF Output

RF Output Monitor

Receiver Input (Optional)

SCA Inputs

Composite Input

Remote I/O

Audio Monitors

Audio Inputs

Audio Processor Input Level Indicators Input Gain

Switches

Processing Control

Frequency Selector Switches

Stereo/Mono Switch

RF Output Control

Power Switch

Gain Reduction/Expansion

Indicators

Digital Multimeter

Multimeter Select

Fault Indicators

Modulation Indicators

Carrier Switch


Illustration 6-3 Chassis Top View

Voltage Regulator Power Regulator

RF Pre-driver/ Amplifier

Bridge Rectifier

Filter Capacitor

AC Power Transformer

AC Power Entry


Illustration 6-4 Chassis Bottom View

Audio Processor Section

Stereo Generator Section

Metering Circuit

RF Low Pass Filter & Reflectometer

RF Exciter Circuit

RF output

Power Amplifier (FM150/M300 Only)

DC Input

6-4

Notes:

FM30/FM150/FM300 User’s Manual

Illustration 6-5 Audio Processor/Stereo Generator Board

6.2 Board Layout and Schematics


FM30/150/300 User’s Manual

Board Layouts and Schematics

Schematic Diagram: Audio Processor/ Stereo Generator (Sheet 1 of 2)

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THESE DRAWINGS AND SPECIFICATIONS ARE THEPROPERTY OF INTERNATIONAL RADIO AND ELECTRONICS CORP.AND SHALL NOT BE REPRODUCED, COPIED OR USED ASTHE BASIS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR SALE OF APPARATUS ORDEVICES WITHOUT PERMISSION.

SHEET OFSCALE : NONE PROJ NO.FILENAME:

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UNCONTROLLEDUNLESS OTHERWISE MARKED IN RED INK BY CM AS ACONTROLLED COPY, COPIES OF THESE DOCUMENTSINCLUDING ASSOCIATED ELECTRONIC REPRODUCTIONSARE FOR REFERENCE ONLY.

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INTERNATIONAL RADIO AND ELECTRONICS CORP.25166 LEER DRIVE ELKHART, IN. 46514574-262-8900 WWW.IREC1.COM

IREC

RG112

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7

5

RG286

4

U2AD622

R11K R2

49.9KC3

100pF

C1

1uF

+12V

-12V

R31K R4

49.9KC4

100pF

C2

1uF

R1110.0K

IN1

EC+

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EC-

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R122.00K

R1349.9

R145.1K

-12V

0X 12

1X 14

2X 15

3X 11

0Y 1

1Y 5

2Y 2

3Y 4

A 10

B 9

INH 6

X13

Y3

U1

74HC4052

R549.9

R649.9

R749.9

3

21

84

U4A

TL072

R1549.9K

C5

22pF

-12V

+12VR1624.9K

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U4B

TL072

D21N6263

D11N6263

R1724.9K

INV C1

Vin2

AGND3

V+4

AGND5

COMP1*6

INV A7 NC 8

Vout 9

NC 10

fCLK 11

V- 12

COMP2* 13

R(h I) 14

U5

LTC1064-1

R18100K

Q12N5087

R19OPEN

RG112

3

7

5

RG286

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U8AD622

R411K R42

49.9KC13

100pF

C11

1uF

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49.9KC14

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C12

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R522.00K

R5349.9

R545.1K

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R4749.9

R4649.9

R4549.9

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U10A

TL072

R1549.9K

C15

22pF

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5

67

U10B

TL072

D81N6263

D71N6263

R5724.9K

INV C1

Vin2

AGND3

V+4

AGND5

COMP1*6

INV A7 NC 8

Vout 9

NC 10

fCLK 11

V- 12

COMP2* 13

R(h I) 14

U11

LTC1064-1

R58100K

Q22N5087

R59OPEN

5

67

U14B

TL072

R8410M

D28

1N4148

C30

1uF

R8810K

D29

1N4148R855.1K

R86100K

R8710K

DL1RED

D26

1N6123

D25

1N4148

D27

1N4148

R82100K

R83100K

R8130K

R8030K

3

21

84

U14A

TL072

R7910K

-12V

+12V

STEREOPOLARITY

ERROR

LEFT-RIGHT PHASING DETECTOR

RIGHT LEVEL REDUCED 6dBDURING POLARITY ERROR.

/STEREO FAULT

.006V/DB

3

21

84

U15A

TL072

R90100

-12V

+12V

BR GR

R103

240KR9349.9K

D22

1N4148

D21

1N4148

R89

100K

R9149.9K

R9249.9K

R9449.9K 5

67U15B

TL072

D14

1N4148

C22

100pF

C20

100pF

D13

1N4148

R993.3M

R98330K

C21.047uF

POLY

R96

ZERO

R603.3K

R9710M

PROC B(J3-18)

PROC A(J3-16)

PROC C(J3-20)

TO R50 ONDISPLAY BD.

HEAVY

LIGHT

R101

1.0K

C231uF

R100

10M

R102

10.0K

R953.0K

-VT

NC1

Vin2

NC3

GND4 TRIM 5

Vout 6

NC 7

NC 8

U18REF02

3

21

84

U19A

NE5532

5

67

U19B

NE5532

R12610K

C32.01uF

C36.01uF

-12V

+12V+12V

R128100

R1274.7K

R12910.0K

R130100

C331uF

C341uF

C351uF

+5V

+5.00V

+5V

VCC

C371uF

C381uF

-5V

VSS

+12V 123

SW1

SIP3NORMAL

TEST

+12V

D23

1N4148

R104

5.1K3

21

84

U17A

NE5532

D24

1N4148R10510K

+5V

+12V

-12V

R10649.9K 5

67

U17B

NE5532

R10749.9K

+VT

-VT

R201K

C100.1uF

+ C28

10uFTANT

DS11N5818

+7V

DS21N5818

+

C2910uFTANT

-7V

R10

5101.52MHz

C6

1uF

C6A

1uF

C16

1uF

C16A

1uF

IN1

EC+

2

EC-

3

V+

7V

-5

OUT 8

GN

D6

SYM

4

U6THAT2180

R2310K

R24

30K

+5V

-5VR27

1.0KR281.0K

1 23 45 67 89 10

HD1

HEADER 5X2

R70

5.62K

R681.0K

R671.0K

C7.0027uFPOLY (C8687-3)

R21300

R2549.9

R265.1K

-12V

R2224.9K

+12V

+5V

IN1

EC+

2

EC-

3

V+

7V

-5

OUT 8

GN

D6

SYM

4

U12THAT2180

R6310K

R64

30K

+5V

-5V

C17.0027uFPOLY (C8687-3)

R61300

R6549.9

R665.1K

-12V

R6224.9K

+12V

FLAT

50uS75uS

3

21

84

U7A

TL072

R2924.9K

-12V

+12V

C8

33pF

5

67

U7B

TL072

D11N6263

R3524.9K

D11N6263

R3624.9K

R37499

D51N4148

D61N4148

+VT

-VT

C92200pFPOLY

LEFT

3

21

84

U13A

TL072

R6924.9K

-12V

+12V

C18

33pF

5

67

U13B

TL072

D91N6263

R7524.9K

D101N6263

R7624.9K

R77499

D111N4148

D121N4148

+VT

-VT

C192200pFPOLY

RIGHT

5

67

U16B

TL072

R1183.3K

R11924.9K

C24

.01uFPOLY

R120OPEN

C25

OPENC26

100pFD17

1N4148

R121

1M

C271uF

R122

1.0K

R123

10.0K

R116

49.9KR11549.9K

R117560

-VT

3

21

84

U16A

TL072

+12V

-12V

R113

49.9K

R114

49.9K

D16

SHORT

0.25V/DBR112

100HI GR

1 23 45 67 89 1011 1213 1415 1617 1819 2021 2223 2425 26

J3

RECEPT 13X2

/STEREO FAULTHI GRBR GRPROC CPROC BPROC A+5.00VR VUL VU/+12DB/+6DB-12V+12V

+/- 12V FOR OP-AMPS AND VCA'S.

+/- 7V AT 56mA FOR LTC 1064-1 AND LMF100.

+/- 5V FOR LOGIC (+5V TAKEN FROM +5.00V BUS

+5.00V REFERENCE VOLTAGE. ALSO USED BY D

+/- 4.4 FOR PEAK LEVEL THRESHOLD REFERENC

1 23 45 67 89 1011 1213 1415 1617 1819 20

J1

RECEPT 10X2

L IN1L IN2R IN1R IN2

15.2 KHz LOW-PASS FILTER(8th ORDER ELLIPTICAL)

(INTO 600 ohms)

dbm V-rms V-peak-10 .245 .346 0 .774 1.1+10 2.45 3.46

TURKEY SPECIFICATIONS:

Baseband: 30Hz - 53KHz +/- 0.2dB. 53KHz - 76KHz +/- 0.4dB.

40Hz - 15KHz +/- 0.5dB40H 7 5KH 0 5% THD

GAIN R9-14 --------------------------- 0dB OPEN +6dB 50.5K +12dB 16.8K +18dB 7.21K

L VU

L IN2

L IN1

R3847K

R3947K

+5V

/+12DB/+6DB

R IN2

R IN1

R VU

L SAMPLE

R SAMPLE

R SAMPLE

L SAMPLE

LEFTLEFT

RIGHTRIGHT

CLOCK1.52MHz

+12V

-12V

+7V

-7V

+5V+5.00V

-5V-5V

+12V

-12V

+7V

-7V

+5V

-5V

VDD

VEE

+VT

-VT

+VT

-VT

GNDGND

C401uF

C421uF

C441uF

C411uF

C431uF

C451uF

-12V

+12V +12V

-12V

201409F-SCH1 2

C

AUDIO PROCESSOR/STEREO GENERATOR

DW 03-15-07

DW 03-15-07

DP 03-15-07

Copyright (c) 2007 HCJB Global


Schematic Diagram: Audio Processor/ Stereo Generator (Sheet 2 of 2)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

H

121110987654321

H

G

F

E

D

C

B

A

DWG. NO. REV.

65


SHEET OFSCALE : NONE PROJ NO.

DWG . NO . REV

TITLE:UNCONTROLLED

UNLESS OTHERWISE MARKED IN RED INK BY CM AS ACONTROLLED COPY, COPIES OF THESE DOCUMENTSINCLUDING ASSOCIATED ELECTRONIC REPRODUCTIONSARE FOR REFERENCE ONLY.

SIZE

B

RG112

3

75

RG286

4

U201

AD622

R2031K

R20449.9K

C202100pF

+12V

-12V

R2011K

R20249.9K

C201100pF

R2063.9K

EXT IN-

EXT IN+

R20

5

OPE

N

32

1

84

U202A

TL072

R207150K

C206

.047uF

-12V

+12VR208300K

POLY

C205

.047uF

LEFTR2094.99K

1 2 3HD201SIP3

R2102.49K

C207.01uFPOLY

56

7U202B

TL072

R211

100MON L

32

1

84

U203A

TL072

R212150K

C209

.047uF

-12V

+12VR213300K

POLY

C208

.047uF

RIGHTR2144.99K

1 2 3HD202SIP3

R2152.49K

C210.01uFPOLY

56

7U203B

TL072

R216

100MON R

POLY

POLY

50 75

50 75

X11

X22

U03

U14

U25

Y16

Y27 V- 8REF 9

Z2 10Z1 11

OUT 12DD 13V+ 14

U204

AD734

R220

10.0K

R219

10.0K

R218

9.09K

+12V C21156pF

C212

120pF

1%

R221

4.99K

R223

9.09K

X11X22

Y13

V+

8V

-5

OUT 7

Z 6Y24

U204A

AD633JN

-12V

+12V

R25449.9K

AD633 ALTERNATE TO AD 734

R254 used ONLY with AD633AD734 has internal 50K

LPA

1B

PA2

HPA

3IN

V A

4S1

A5

SA/B

6V

A+

7V

D+

8L

SH9

CL

K A

10C

LK

B11

50/1

0012

VD

-13

VA

-14

AG

ND

15

S1 B

16

INV

B17

HPB

18

BPB

19

LPB

20

U211LMF100

C218

0.1uF

R252

1KC2191000pFPOLY

R253

1KC2191000pFPOLY

C221

0.1uF

R255

1KC2221000pFPOLY

R256

1KC2231000pFPOLY

+7V

-7V

R24

749

.9K

R24

610

.0K

R25

149

.9K

R25

010

.0K

R245

13KR2445K

C216

0.1uF

1213

11U210D

74HC86

910

8U210C

74HC86

R240

24K

R241

10K

45

6U210B

74HC86

12

3U210A

74HC86

R242

120K

R243

49.9K

C216

0.1uF

CLR12CKA13 QA 11

QB 10QC 9QD 8

U209B74HC393

9 8

U207D

MC74HC04

11 10U207E

MC74HC04CLR2CKA1 QA 3

QB 4QC 5QD 6

U209A

74HC393

R266

OPEN

R267

1KSYNC OUT

38KHz

19KHz

2CLR14

2CKA152QA 13

2CKB12 2QB 112QC 102QD 9

U208B

74HC390

304KHz

1CLR2

1CKA11QA 3

1CKB4 1QB 51QC 61QD 7

U208A

74HC390

3.8MHz

1.52MHz

1.9MHz

5 6U207C

MC74HC04

/EXT ENABLE

R23810K

+5V

3 4U207B

MC74HC04

13 12U207F

MC74HC04

1 2U207A

MC74HC04

R2371M

C21533pFNPO

C2145.5-18pF

Y201

7.6 MHzC21356pFNPO

R236

1K

0X121X142X153X11

0Y11Y52Y23Y4

A10B9

INH6

X 13

Y 3

U205

74HC4052

R222

200K

D206

1N4148

D204

1N4148

D202

1N4148

D205

1N4148

D203

1N4148

D201

1N4148

MONO/STEREO

R23910K

32

1

84

U206A

MC34083

-12V

+12V

R225

12.4K

R2241K

C204

OPENR230

0

C203100pF

R217

0SCA IN

EXTERNAL COMPOSITEINPUT

Composite Spec. (Turkey):30Hz - 53KHz +/- 0.2 dBr53KHz - 76KHz +/- 0.4dBr

R2341K

D208

1N4148

D207

1N4148+5V-5V

R2271K

R2283K

COMPOSITE OUTPUT

R226

43K

56

7U206B

MC34083

R231

20K

C224

22pF

R232

100

R233

100

COMP OUT

COMP METER

R229

24K

R2581K

R257

43K

R2593K

19KHz Level

56

7U212B

TL072

C224.001

+5V

R26324.9K

Q202MPS-A06

+12V

R264

10K+7V

R265

10

32

1

84

U212A

TL072

R260

10.0K

-12V

+12V

C226.001

Q201MPS-A56

-12V

R262

10

R261

10K-7V

12345678910

J203

RECEPT 5X2

-12V+12V

DZ2ICTE-15

DZ1ICTE-15

-12V+12V

123456789

101112

J201

12 HEADER

EXT IN+EXT IN-SCA INCOMP OUTCOMP METERMONO/STEREO/EXT ENABLEGND

123456789

101112

J202

12 HEADER

MON LMON R

GND

+5.00VSYNC OUT

C2271uF

C2281uF

-7V +7V

LEFT 8VPP (AT 2000Hz)

RIGHT 8VPP (AT 2000Hz)

201409F-SCH2

C

AUDIO PROCESSOR/STEREO GENERATOR

2

LEFT LEFT

RIGHT RIGHT

CLOCK 1.52MHz

+12V-12V+7V-7V

+5V +5.00V

-5V -5V

+12V-12V+7V-7V

+5V

-5V

VDD

VEE

+VT-VT

+VT-VT

GND GND

SEPARATION

Copyright 2006 Michael P. Axman

Copyright (c) 2007 HCJB Global




Illustration 6-6 Motherboard

Adjustments and Tests 6-8

Schematic Diagram: Motherboard (Sheet 1 of 3) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

H

121110987654321

H

G

F

E

D

C

B

A

DWG. NO. REV.



65



DWG . NO . REV

TITLE:


APPROVALS

DWNCHK

CMPE

DISTRIBUTIONK

SIZE

D


IREC

A 03-08-07 DW DW

C16.01

C17.01

C18.01

C19.01

C20.01

C21.01

C22.01

C23.01

R28

220

C68OPEN

C67OPEN

C66OPEN

R11 390R12 390

R10 1KR9 220

R13 100

R14 220

C5.01

C6.001

C7.001

C8.001

C9.01

C10.01

C58.01

C59.01

C60.01

C62.01

C64.01

C65.01

123

J13

HEADER 3X1

1 2 3J2OPEN

C3220pF

C4220pF

C13220pF

C14220pF

C15220pF

C12220pF

C11220pFR6

1K

R8

1K

R171K

R181K

R201K

R161K

R151K

R19

240

1 2 3 4 5HD6OPEN

23

1

REF. FORXLR CON.

HILOGND

SCA

EXT_

RTN

EXT_

INM

ON

_LM

ON

_R

-12V

+12V J18MCX

J19MCX

RF OUT

+5.00V

D11N4148

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

J26 HEADER 5 x 2

V+TEMP

GND

R177 1K

R176 1K

R150 1K123456789

10

J25

HEADER 5 x 2

123456789101112

J6

HEADER 12

123456789101112

J7

HEADER 12

+5.00V

R IN2

R IN1

L IN2

L IN1

LPIN L

LPOUT L

LPIN R

LPOUT R

+12V

-12V

L VU

+5.00V

PROC A

PROC B

PROC C

R VU

BR GR

HI GR

123456789

1011121314151617181920

J15

+12V

+12V

-12V

C159.001

C158.001

C157.001

C140.01

R216

1KFM TP1

VOLTMETER

123456

J14

HEADER 6X1 .156

+12V

C55.01

C56.01

C57.01

Q3IRF541

R7

300

R5

300Z8

OPEN

Z7

OPEN

123J1XLR

C2220pF

C1220pF

R41K

R2

1K

R1300

R3300

Z3

OPEN

Z5

OPEN

Z4 OPEN

Z6 OPEN

Z1JUMPER

Z2JUMPER

J1

123456789101112

STEREO GENERATOR

J2

123456789101112 1

23456789

10

J8

HEADER 5 x 2

J3

12345678910

+12V

-12V

SCA

IN

EXT

RTN

EXT

IN

/EXT ENABLE

CO

MPO

SITE

1

MON RMON L

LPIN LLPOUT LLPIN RLPOUT R

1234567891011121314151617181920

J11

HEADER 10 x 2

J1

1234567891011121314151617181920

AUDIO PROCESSOR

12345678910

J9

HEADER 5 x 2

J2

12345678910

123456789

1011121314151617181920212223242526

J10

HEADER 13 x 2

J3

1234567891011121314151617181920212223242526

+12V

-12V

/+6DB

/+12DB

+5.00V

COMP METER

COMP METER

COMP METER

STEREO/MON

STER

EO/M

ON

1234567891011121314151617181920

J12

HEADER 10 x 2

ALC

ALC

ALC

ALC

ALC

FAN

TP4+12V

+12V

TP3-12V

-12V

TP5+5.00V

+5.00V

TP7GND

2

31U1A

TL072

C241.0+12V

C251.0-12V

R32

24.9K1%

R34 24.9K 1%

R3624.9K1%

R35

24.9K1%

Z11

OPENEXT RTN

Z10

OPEN

R30

3.9K 5

67U1B

TL072

R291K

EXT IN

R38 1KZ14

OPENSCA IN

D2

1N41

48 D3

1N41

48

R37

4.02K1%

R33

100

R31

100Z12

OPEN

Z13

OPEN

CO

MP

MET

ER

CO

MPO

SITE

1

CO

MPO

SITE

1

STEREO GENERATOR SHUNT

NC1

Vin2

TEMP3

GND4 TRM 5

Vout 6

NC 7

NC 8U2

REF02

+12V

C26

1.0

2

31U3A

TL072

C291.0+12V

C301.0

-12V

5

67U3B

TL072

R39

100

C27.01

R404.7K

C281.0

Z9

OPEN

+5.00V

AUDIO PROCESSOR SHUNT

-METER PAV

-METER PAI

-METER RFW

-METER PA TEMP

-METER BATT

-FAULT SUM

-/AUTO_CARR_OFF

-/CARR OFF

_FSK IN

_ALC

38 KHZ OUT

_/EXT ENABLE

L IN

1

L IN2

R IN1

R IN

2

R I

N1

L IN

2

R27

220

R26

220

R25

220

R24

220

R23

220

R22

220

R21

220

FAU

LT S

UM

FAU

LT S

UM

MET

ER B

ATT

MET

ER B

ATT

MET

ER P

ATE

MP

MET

ER P

ATE

MP

MET

ER R

FW

MET

ER R

FW

MET

ER P

AI

MET

ER P

AI

MET

ER P

AV

MET

ER P

AV

ALC

FSK

IN

FSK IN

FSK IN

NCNC

NCNC

NC

NCPA

IPA

V

/LO

CK

FA

ULT

C61.001

C63.001

DC

SU

PPLY

TEM

P

TEMP

INPU

T

INPUT

FAN-

+12V

FAN

V-M

ETER

RFV

RF

FWD

RF

REV

/LO

CK

FM_/LOCK

FM_/

LOC

K

NC

38KHZ38KHZ

NC

NC

NC

NC

NC

NOTES:UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED:1. ALL RESISTORS ARE IN OHMS, 1/4W, 5% TOL.2. ALL CAPACITORS ARE IN MICROFARADS.

DW 10-05-06

DW 10-05-06

/EXT ENABLE

/EXT ENABLE

COMPOSITE METER

INPUT CONFIGURATION CHARTNON-OMNIA BOARD INPUT IMPEDENCE

Z1, Z2 ONZ3, Z5, Z7, Z8 OFFZ4, Z6 OFF

50 KOHM

Z1, Z2 ONZ3, Z5, Z7, Z8 ONZ4, Z6 OFF

600 OHM

OMNIA BOARD AES/EBU INPUT

Z1, Z2 OFFZ3, Z5, Z7, Z8 OFFZ4, Z6 ON

ANALOG LEFT/RIGHTLEFT IN 1 LEFT IN 2

Z31

OPEN

Z32

OPENINSTALLED WHEN USINGAUDIO PROC. SHUNT CKT.

Z22

OPE

N

Z21

OPE

N

Z20

OPE

N

Z19

OPE

N

Z18

OPE

N

Z17

OPE

N

Z16

OPE

N

Z15

OPE

N

Z30

JUMPER

Z29

JUMPER

Z28

JUMPER

Z27

JUMPER

Z26

JUMPER

Z25

JUMPER

Z24

JUMPER

Z23

JUMPER

SCH, UNIVERSAL MOTHER BOARDDP 10-05-06

DP

201497F-SCH A1

201207F-SCH A

1

14

2

15

3

16

4

17

5

18

6

19

7

20

8

21

9

22

10

23

11

24

12

25

13J3

DB25_2X

FMV CONTROL-FMV CONTROL

FMV CONTROL

38KHZ

38KHZ

38KHZ

123456789

1011121314151617181920

J29

FM

WR

PAI

PAI

PAV

PAVN/CN/C

/LOCK FAULT

/LOCK FAULT

DC SUPPLY

NC /CARR_OFF

TEMP

/AUTO_CARR_OFF

TEMP 123

J28

HEADER 3X1

-COMPOSITE OUT

WR TP1ANTENNA SWR

REM RAISE

REM LOWER

REM SWR

DC SUPPLY

EXT

ALC

CO

NTR

OL

RF_

LVL

LOC

K

E2

E3

E4

C541.0

12345678910 J24

HEADER 5 x 2

R22

2

1K

RDS TX

RDS RX

+12V

WRFM

V+TEMPGND

123

J25

HEADER 3X1

RF_

LVL

LOC

/REM

OTE

ALC

RF EXCITER

201497F-SCH-SH3.SCH

ALC/METERING

201497F-SCH-SH2.SCH

FM_/

LOC

KA

LCM

ETER

PA

VM

ETER

PA

I

MET

ER P

ATE

MP

MET

ER B

ATT

MET

ER R

FW

FAU

LT S

UM

GN

D

+5.0

0V

/LO

CK

FA

ULT

DC

SU

PPLY

PAI

PAV

EXT

ALC

CO

NTR

OL

TEM

PFA

NV

-MET

ERR

FVR

F FW

DR

F R

EVIN

PUT

+12V

-12V GN

D

FSK

IN

LOC

K

/LO

CK

RF_

LVL

LOC

/REM

OTE

ALC

CO

MPO

SITE

1

+12V

-12V

38KHZ

/CARR_OFF

/AUTO_CARR_OFFINPUTN/CN/CN/CN/CN/CN/C

N/C

RF

OU

T

RF_LVL

-12V

+12V

R IN

2

L IN1

FMV CONTROL

123

J16

HEADER 3

REM PWR CNTRL

TP6+5V

+5V

PRODUCTION RELEASE




Schematic Diagram: Motherboard (Sheet 2 of 3)

DWG. NO. REV.

H

G

F

E

D

C

B

A

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

H

G

F

E

D

C

B

A

1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12


DWG . NO . REV

TITLE:

SIZE

C

C_L_SHT2_A.DOT REV. A

NOTES:

UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED:

1. ALL RESISTORS ARE IN OHMS, 1/4 W, 5% TOL.

2. ALL CAPACITORS ARE IN MICROFARADS.

PAI LIMIT

RF POWER (RFV SQUARED) RF POWERSWRALCPA DCVPA DCI

1.00

VFM_/LOCK

ALC

FAULT SUM

SWR LAMP

PADC LAMP

LOCK LAMP

SEL ASEL BSEL C

DPM IN

RF

FWD

DC SUPPLY

RF REV

RF FWD

SEL ASEL BSEL C

DPM REFSWR LAMP

PADC LAMP

LOCK LAMP

+5.00V

DPM IN

+12V-12V

-12V

+5V

+12V

+5V

+12V

-12V

VCC

VSS

VDD

VEE

-12V

+12V

-12V

+12V

POWER CAL

+5V

.001V per Watt

+5V

FULL SCALE1999 WATTS19.9919.99V199.9V19.99A

PA TEMPERATURESUPPLY DC VOLTSVOLTMETER

199.9V199.9V

1mV/Degree C

10mV/Volt100mV/Amp

10mV/Volt10mV/Volt

VOLTMETER

199.9 Deg. C

10mV/Deg. C

5.00V = 100 deg. C

1.00V = 10.0A

1.00V = 10VDC

INPUT

(1.999V reads "1999")

INPUT LAMP

+5V

(Cla

mp

SWR

read

ing

(2.5

VD

C a

t 100

W)

(1.00V at 100W)

(.135V)

INPUT LAMP

PATEMP LAMP

PATEMP LAMP

RF_LVL

FAN

TEMP OUTMETER PATEMP

METER RFW

METER BATT

-12V

-12V

-12V

J22-1

J1-2

J1-4

J2-3

J2-6

J2-7

J2-8

J2-9

J2-10

J2-11

J22-12

J3-2J3-4J3-6

J30-19

J23-8

J2-7

J4-6

J4-5

J30-16

J30-18

J30-12

J30-14

J30-20

J3-9,10

-12V -12V+12V+12V

+12V

-12V

-12V

U8,9 pin 7

+5.00V

+5.00V

+5.00V +5.00V

/LOCK FAULT

-6.9V

-6.9V

+5V

PAV

J23-1

J4-12

PAI

50mv per degree C.

C132.001

C152.001

C1550.1

C124.01

C123.01

C1530.1

D351N6263

C142.001

C1301.0

C1331.0

C1391.0

12

1314U22D

TL074

5

67U22B

TL074

3

21

411

U20A

TL074

12

1314U20D

TL074

10

98U22C

TL074

10

98U20C

TL074

5

67U20B

TL074C1170.1

C1600.1

C1210.1

C129.001

C131.001 D36

1N6263

C134.001 D38

1N62635

67U24B

TL074

C135.01

10

98U24C

TL074

10

98 U23C

TL074

C1431.0

12

1314U24D

TL074

C1281.0

C1561.0

C119.01

C1411.0

C1200.1

D291N4148

3

21

411

U24ATL074

D391N4148

D37

1N4148

D34

1N4148

3

21

411

U23ATL074

5

67U23B

TL074

D331N4148

D301N4148

D321N4148

C154.001

D47 1N4148

D44

1N4148

D43

1N4148

D46

1N4148

D42

1N4148D45

1N4148

D40

1N4148

D311N4148

3

21

411

U22A

TL074

12345678910

J26

C118.01

R142100

R16210.0K

R161100K 2

31U19A

TL072

5

67U19B

TL072

R1631.1K

R1532.49K

R144100

R19510K

R18633K

R19415K

R1872.2M

R175 120K

R193100K

11 10

U25E

74HC14

13 12

U25F

74HC14

9 8U25D

74HC14

1 2

U25A

74HC14

3 4U25B

74HC14

5 6U25C

74HC14

R22010K

R196 10K

R21951K R217 100K

R218 10K

R185200K

R1841K

R156100K

R155 11K

R19151K

R152100K

R190100K

R1361K

R171 100K

R17024.9K

R149 100

R18280.6K

R183240K

R165100K

R1641M

R16910K

R167

30.1K

R181240K

R166220K

R158100K

R16068.1K

R1571M

R5510K R188

33K

R151 120K

R154 120K

R1891M

R135100K

R17310K

R146100

R1741.1K

R137100K R168

1K

R14010K

R19822K

R197100K

R178 1K

R13910K

R13810K

R19922K

R200100K

R203100K

R20510K

R21510K

R20422K

1234 5

678

Q7

LM394

1234 5

678

Q6

LM394

R2073.3K R213

49.9K

R21149.9K

R2097.5K

R20810.0K

R2101.1K

R148

100

R20639K

R2021K

R2011M

R180

3K

R172

100K

Vin3

GN

D2

Vout 1

VR478L05

R2143.3K

D48

LM329DZ

12345678910

11121314151617181920

J30

HEADER 10X2

R22110.0K

R2122.49K

X013

X114

X215

X312

X41

X55

X62

X74

INH6

A11

B10

C9

X 3

VCC 16

GND8

U21

74HC4051

1%

1%

1%

1%

1%

1%

1%1%

1% 1%

1%

1%

1%

1%

1%

1%

1%

D411N4148

R141 100K

1%

2

3 1Q52N5210

2

FM U5

ALC

METER PAV

METER PAI

METER RFW

METER PATEMP

METER BATT

FAULT SUM

/LOCK FAULT

DC SUPPLY

J22-5EXT ALC CONTROL

R68

10K

R64 10K

-12V

+12V

R6310K

R6010K

R5810K

2

31U9A

MC33282

5

67U9B

MC33282

C44.01

C47.01R62

10K

R1791K

1234 5

678

Q1

LM394

1234 5

678

Q2

LM394R59

3.32K

R57

3.32K

R61

49.9K-5V

R6610K SWR CAL

C49

20pF

R655.11K

C51.001

R69

10K R701.15K

R67100

RE

M S

WR

SW1SW-PB

SW2SW-PB

R4351.1K

R4451.1K

+5V

+5V

1

23U4A

74HC132

4

56U4B

74HC132

9

108U4C

74HC132

12

1311U6D

74HC132

belo

w 5

W.)

R491K

R481K

C41.001

+5.00V

5

67U8B

TL074

D11

1N753A

C42.001

D121N4148

12

1314U8D

TL074

10

98U8C

TL074

3

21

411

U8A

TL074

C43.001

D131N4148

C39.001

D101N4148

R51

3.32K+12V

123

SW8SWITCH

LOCAL ONLY

RF_LVL

POWER SET

-12V

+12V

6.2V

R143100

R145100

+C12747/20V

+ C12547/20V

1%

R192

3.16K

R159*

1 2 3

SW10SWITCH

M1/M2

POWER SETPOWER SET

R159 = 19.6K 1%

ALL FMR159 = 187K 1%

WRR159 = 200K 1%

POWER SET

1%

1%

+ C12647/20V

R147100

C531.0 C52

1.0

Vin2

GN

D1

Vout 3

VR1LM7905

-12V -5V

OPEN FOR FM30 UNITS

FM_/LOCK

C32

.01

C35

.01-12V

C40

.01+12V

C45

.01+12V

C46

.01-12V

C48

.01

C50

.01

2

31U10A

TL072

5

67U10B

TL072

4

8

12

1314U23D

TL074

+C12210/35VTANT

12

JP5

RE

M R

AIS

ER

EM

LO

WE

R

INPUT

1%

1%

1%

1%

1%

1%

1%

1%

1%

1%

INC1

U/D2

H3

GND4 W 5

L 6

CS 7

Vcc 8

U5

DS1804

+5V

12

1311U4D

74HC132

R47

51.1K

C33.01uF

R52

100K

R54

100K1

23U6A

74HC132C38.01uf

C37.01uF

R56100K

+5V

4

56U6B

74HC132

9

108U6C

74HC132

RE

M P

WR

CN

TL

+ C344.7uF

1%

TANT.

OPEN

LADRVRALL OTHERS

SCH, UNIVERSAL MOTHER BOARD

201497F-SCH A

201497F-SCH A

3


Schematic Diagram: Motherboard (Sheet 3 of 3)

DWG. NO. REV.

H

G

F

E

D

C

B

A

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

H

G

F

E

D

C

B

A

1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12


DWG . NO . REV

TITLE:

SIZE

C


FM_/LOCK

+12V+5V

+5V

TP1

+8V

88-108 MHZ

COMPOSITE1

+8V

CLKDATALOAD

8.26V +8V

+5V

LF SEP.

CLOCK

DATA

/ENABLE

OSC in

Fin

VDD

VDD

+5V

+12V

VV

CO

FSK

+5V

CH. SEL.

DIRECT FSK

+5V

LOCK DET.

+5V

VU5

VU5

+12V

FSK IN

LOC/REMOTE Frequency Select

IDAUTO ID

BAND LIMIT

TP

DS1GREEN

DS2RED

IN3

C2

OUT 1

VR2LM317

12345

SW3

12345

SW5

12345

SW4

12345

SW6

12345

SW7

IN3

C2

OUT 1

VR3LM78L05

SW9RESET

SER

10

A11

B12

C13

D14

E3

F4

G5

H6

QH

9

CL

K2

QH

7

INH

15

SH/L

D1

U18OPEN

SER

10

A11

B12

C13

D14

E3

F4

G5

H6

QH

9

CL

K2

QH

7

INH

15

SH/L

D1

U17OPEN

12

34

56

78

910

J20OPEN

12345678910

RP1OPEN

123456789

10

RP2OPEN

R12910.0K

RA21

RA32

RTC3

CLR4

VSS5

RB06

RB17

RB28

RB39 RB4 10RB5 11RB6 12RB7 13VDD 14OSC2 15OSC1 16RA0 17RA1 18

U16PIC16C61

R11910.0K

R721K BECKMAN

R12568K

R12725K

R81150

R108680

R107680

R100

100K

R74237

R731.27K

C116.001 POLY

C80100PF

C79.001

C74.001

C75.001

C1083900PF

C98.001

C90.001

C77.001

C95.001

C97.001

C76.001

D28OPEN

D26OPEN

D241N4148

D271N4148

D21 1N4148

D17

1N6263

R115100K

R109100K

D221N4148

C69100PF

9 8

U15D74HC14

5 6

U15C74HC14

13 12

U15F74HC14

11 10

U15E74HC14

34

U15B74HC14

12

U15A74HC14

11

22

33

44

55

66

77

88

16 16

15 15

14 14

13 13

12 12

11 11

10 10

9 9

U13

MC145170

D231N4148

2 1

3

A2MAR-6

C81.001

R12339

12

34

56

78

VCO1POS-150

DS3

AMBER

12

34

56

78

910

J20HEADER 5X2

R97OPEN

R120

1.0K

C8933pF NPO

R106 10

C73.001

C103 .001

C1041

C107.001 POLY

R98100K

R105100K

R114100K

R111100K

R99100K

R104100K

R116100K

R2221.0K

R112100

R11310.0K

R124 1M

R13210.0K

R133 10.0K

R13410.0K

R118 10.0K

R11710.0K

R1031MR102

200K

C1110.01

R87 499K

D251N4148

R131150K

D191N4148

R96150

R9515

R86499K

21

3

A1

MAR-6

R8015

R79100

R88100

D151N4148

C112220pF

R122 4.99K

2

31

411

U14A

MC33284P

6

57 U14B

MC33284P

9

108U14C

MC33284P

13

1214U14D

MC33284P

2

31

84

U12ANE5532 5

67 U12B

NE5532

+5V

8

9

C921

C1021

C1061

C1091

C991

C831

C113 1

2

31

84

U11ATL072 5

67U11B

TL072C860.1

C870.1

C94 0.1

-12V

+12V

R932K

PWR. CNTRL. OFFSET

C88 0.1

-12V

R7810K

Q4IRFD9120

GS

DD143.9V

TP24.5 - 8.0V

1 2

Z34JUMPER

C78.01

PWR. CNTRL TILT

+8V

R7524.3K 1%

R76

30.1

K 1

%

R8426.7K 1%

R8524.3K 1%

R94

499

1%

R92

680.0

D16

6.2V 1N753A

R7710.0K

C851000pF

R835.11K 1%

R825.11K 1%

C840.1

1%

1%

1%

1%

1%

1%

1%

1%

1%

1%

1%

1%

1%

1%

1%

1%

1%

1%

1%

1%

1%

1%

1%

1%

1%

1%

1%1%

1%

1%

+ C11047/20VTANT.

+ C9110/35VTANT.

+ C10510/35VTANT.

+ C11410/35VTANT.

+ C7210/35VTANT.

+ C7010/35VTANT.

+ C7110/35VTANT.

+ C8210/35VTANT.

POLY

POLY

R89100

RF_

LVL

RF_LVL

D201N5353B16V

R1102K 2W

DC SUPPLY

VU5

1

2

3SP4

FMWR

1

2

3SP3

FM WR

FMW

R1

2

3

SP2

1

2

3

SP1FM

WR

FSK-R

FM_/LOCK

LOCK

FM_/LOCK

RF OUT

COMPOSITE1

LOC/REMOTE

FSK IN

R71

OPEN

RNOT USED

+12V

VU5

CV1

OUTPUT 8

+VDD 14

GND7

Y1

5V_TCXO

+5V

VU5

FSK

-R

C101100pF

OPEN OPEN OPEN OPEN OPEN

123456789

10

J31

HEADER 10

+5V

TO

FREQ

UEN

CY

SEL

ECTI

ON

PW

ALO

CA

TED

ON

FR

ON

T PA

NEL

J1 O

F 20

1508

F-PW

A

R22410K

R10150KFREQ. ADJ.

OFFSETFREQ. ADJ.

SCH, UNIVERSAL MOTHER BOARD

201497F-SCH A3 3

201497F-SCH A




DW

G.

NO

.R

EV.

1 2 3 4

F

D

E

C

B

A

1 2 3 4

F

D

E

C

B

A


DWG . NO . REV

TITLE:

APPROVALS

DWNCHK

CMPE

DISTRIBUTION

THESE DRAWINGS AND SPECIFICATIONSARE THE PROPERTY OF INTERNATIONALRADIO AND ELECTRONICS CORP. ANDSHALL NOT BE REPRODUCED, COPIED ORUSED AS THE BASIS FOR THEMANUFACTURE OR SALE OF APPARATUSOR DEVICES WITHOUT PERMISSION.

UNCONTROLLED

UNLESS OTHERWISE MARKED IN RED INKBY CM AS A CONTROLLED COPY, COPIESOF THESE DOCUMENTS INCLUDINGASSOCIATED ELECTRONIC REPRODUCTIONSARE FOR REFERENCE ONLY.



A_P_SHT1_A.DOT REV. A


IRECSIZE

A

12345

SW1

12345

SW3

12345

SW2

12345

SW4

12345

SW5

SER

10

A11

B12

C13

D14

E3

F4

G5

H6

QH

9

CL

K2

QH

7

INH

15

SH/L

D1

U274HC165

SER

10

A11

B12

C13

D14

E3

F4

G5

H6

QH

9

CL

K2

QH

7

INH

15

SH/L

D1

U174HC165

12345678910

RP1100K RPACK

123456789

10

RP2100K RPACK

D11N4148

12345678910

J1

HEADER 5 x 2

+5V

201508F-SCH

SCH, FM FREQUENCY SELECTION

551 1

A

A PRODUCTION RELEASE 03-08-07 DW DW DP

DW 11-14-06

DW 11-14-06

DP 11-14-06

Illustration 6-7 FM Frequency Selection Board (Top-Side)

Illustration 6-8 FM Frequency Selection Board (Bottom-Side)

Schematic Diagram: FM Frequency Selection


Illustration 6-9 FM Display Board



Board Layouts and Schematics DWG. NO. REV.

H

G

F

E

D

C

B

A

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

H

G

F

E

D

C

B

A

1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12



THESE DRAWINGS AND SPECIFICATIONS ARE THEPROPERTY OF INTERNATIONAL RADIO CORP.AND SHALL NOT BE REPRODUCED, COPIED OR USED ASTHE BASIS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR SALE OF APPARATUS ORDEVICES WITHOUT PERMISSION. SHEET OFSCALE : NONE PROJ NO.FILENAME:

DWG . NO . REV

TITLE:


APPROVALSDWNCHKCMPE

DISTRIBUTIONK

SIZE

C



IREC

SWR

50mA

UP

DOWN

SWR

ALC

RF POWER

10V P-P DITHER

PA DC VOLTS

PA DC AMPS

SUPPLY DC VOLTS

"110"

"PILOT"

19.99

19.99

199.9

199.9

199.9

19.99

F.S.DECIMAL POINT

DITHER

L VUR VU

HI GRBR GR

PROC APROC BPROC C

/+6DB/+12DB

L VU

/+6DB

/+12DB

DPM INDPM REF

MON/ST

SWR LAMP

PADC LAMP

LOCK LAMP

+12V

+5V

+5V

+12V

+12V

-12V

5.00V

5.00V

+5V

+12V

5.00V

+5V

+12V

COMPOSITE

+12V

5.00V

-12V

+12V

COMPOSITE

+5V

+12V

+12V

-12V

+12V

-12V

-12V

+12V

VCC

14 16

U10U11

U9

78

VEEVSS

VDD

-12V

STEREO

MONO

MOD. CAL.

1999

FOR BAR

DL36-43

DL21-25

DL1-10

DL48-58

DL26-35

RF LEVEL

5.00V

DL44-47, 59

+12V +12V-12V

5.00V 5.00V

5.00V 5.00V

SEL ASEL BSEL C

+12V

PA TEMPERATURE

19.99VOLTMETER

INPUT

PATEMP LAMP

Pin 1, upper left from front of unit.

LOCK

INPUT

PA DC

PA TEMP

NOTES :

1. ALL RESISTORS ARE IN OHMS, 1/4W, 5% TOL.


RED

GRN

GRN

GRN

GRN

GRN

GRN

GRN

RED

C21.0UF

C70.1

C8.001

RED

GRN

GRN

GRN

GRN

GRN

GRN

GRN

GRN

GRN

GRN

GRN

GRN

GRN

GRN

GRN

C110.1

Q32N5210

Q42N5087

C250.1

C301.0UF

C311.0UF

C28

1.0UF

C100.1

GRN

YEL

Y

Y

G

G

G

G

G

G

Y

YEL

D11N4148

D21N4148

3

21

84

U6ATL072

5

67U6B

TL072

3

21

84

U7ATL072

5

67U13B

TL072

C12.001

D61N6263

C221.0UF

C261.0UF

12345678910

11121314151617181920

J1

HEADER 10X2

12345678910

11121314151617181920

J2

HEADER 10X2

RED

SW5

C11.0UF

3

21

84

U1A

TL072

Q1MPS-A56

D51N6263

5

67U7B

TL072

3

21

84

U13ATL072

C13.01

C241.0UF

C291.0UF

C231.0UF

SW6

C20.01

C32.001

C21.01

C33.001

C341.0UF

1 2

JP3JUMPER

SW1DPDT

SW2DPDT

SW3DPDT

GRN

C5.001

C60.1

1 2

JP1OPEN

L11

V-2

V+3

DLO4

IN5

DHI6

ROUT7

RADJ8

MODE9 L10 10

L9 11

L8 12

L7 13

L6 14

L5 15

L4 16

L3 17

L2 18

U2LM3915

R31K

DL44 RED

DL45 RED

R2100K

DL46 RED

R168K

DL47 RED

DL59 RED

R41.2K

R VU

+12V

5.00V

+12V

DL11-20RED

GRN

GRN

GRN

GRN

GRN

GRN

GRN

RED

C41.0

YEL

D31N4148

D41N4148

C31.0

5

67U1B

TL072

Q2MPS-A56

1 2

JP2OPEN

L11

V-2

V+3

DLO4

IN5

DHI6

ROUT7

RADJ8

MODE9 L10 10

L9 11

L8 12

L7 13

L6 14

L5 15

L4 16

L3 17

L2 18

U3LM3915

L1 1

V- 2

V+ 3

DLO 4

IN 5

DHI 6

ROUT 7

RADJ 8

MODE 9L1010

L911

L812

L713

L614

L515

L416

L317

L218

U4LM3914

L1 1

V- 2

V+ 3

DLO 4

IN 5

DHI 6

ROUT 7

RADJ 8

MODE 9L1010

L911

L812

L713

L614

L515

L416

L317

L218

U5LM3914

R18 1.2K

R171K

R1633K

R131K

R14 1.2K

R1533K

R768K

R8100K

R91K

R101.2K

R12330

R111K

R51K

R6330

R315.6K

R32620

R3333K

R345.1K

L11

V-2

V+3

DLO4

IN5

DHI6

ROUT7

RADJ8

MODE9 L10 10

L9 11

L8 12

L7 13

L6 14

L5 15

L4 16

L3 17

L2 18

U8LM3914

R52 5.6K

R27 2.7K

R48 1K

R29680

R433.3M

R471K

R4610M

R45100

R4433K

R2510K

R4910K

R554.7K

R531K

R241M

R2310.0K

R2210.0K

-12V

R2633K

11

22

33

44

55

66

77

88

99

1010

1111

1212

1313

1414

1515

1616

1717

1818

1919

2020

2121

2222

2323

2424

2525

2626

2727

2828

2929

3030

3131

3232

3333

3434

3535

3636

3737

3838

3939

4040

1000 100'S TENS UNITS DL1

01D

ISPL

AY

11

22

33

44

55

66

77

88

99

1010

1111

1212

1313

1414

1515

1616

1717

1818

1919

2020

2121

2222

2323

2424

2525

2626

2727

2828

2929

3030

3131

3232

3333

3434

3535

3636

3737

3838

3939

4040

U12ICL7107

+5V

+5V

+5V

X4

1

X6

2

X3

X7

4

X5

5

EN

6

VE

E7

GN

D8

C9

B10

A11

X3

12

X0

13

X1

14

X2

15

VC

C16

U1174HC4051

+5V

R30150

C19100PF

R38100K

C180.1

R37470K

C160.1

C170.1

-12V

C271.0UF

DZ16.2V

C140.1

C150.1

R57

1K BECKMAN

1 2U9A

74HC14

CLR14

UP5

DOWN4

LOAD11

CO 12

BO 13

A15 QA 3

B1 QB 2

C10 QC 6

D9 QD 7

U10

74HC193

3 4U9B

74HC14

R4110K

R4210K

R281K

R541K

R40100K

R39100K

R36100K

R35100K

R19510

1213 U9F74HC14

R20220K

C91.0UF

5.00V 5.00V

COMPOSITER VUL VU

+12V-12V

5.00V 5.00V

Vin1

GN

D2

Vout 3

VR17805

+12V

-12V -12V

HI G

R

DITHER

BR

GR

+12V

DP10DP100

+5V

5 6U9C

74HC14

89 U9D

74HC14

1011 U9E

74HC14

R512.2K


Y

G

G

G

G

50mA

D16

1N41

48 D171N4148

D71N4148

MOD. CAL.

D18

1N4148

R56220

+5V

R50100K BECKMAN

SCH, FM/IBOC DISPLAY

DW 09-20-04

G REDRAWN ON IREC FORMAT AND PWB CHG. TO REV. C 09-20-04 DW

1% 1%

336 DW

R580

Q43113-2F H

Q43113-2F H

H PWA, PWB CHG'D TO ROHS 07-24-06 DW475 DW

Schematic Diagram: FM Display


Illustration 6-10 FM Voltage Regulator



Board Layouts and Schematics DWG. NO. REV.

H

G

F

E

D

C

B

A

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

H

G

F

E

D

C

B

A

1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12




DWG . NO . REV

TITLE:


APPROVALSDWNCHKCMPE

DISTRIBUTIONK

SIZE

C



IREC

5 6

U3C

74HC14

3 4

U3B

74HC14

CIN11 COUT 9

COUT 10

RST12 Q4 7

Q5 5

Q6 4

Q7 6

Q8 14

Q9 13

Q10 15

Q12 1

Q13 2

Q14 3

VC

C16

GN

D8

U274HC4060

3

21

411

U1A

TL074

12

1314

U1D

TL074

C1.01

C51.0

C3.001

R14.7K

R334.7K

R210.0K

1 2

U3A

74HC14

R34.7K

R410.0K

VDD

C2.001

R7120K

R65.1K

-12V

+12V

R591K

R1075K

C4.001

D31N6263

D41N6263

D21N4148

D11N4148

R851K

R11100K

R13100K

R91.0K

R121.0M

R14220.0

5

67

U1B

TL074

+12V

R152.2K

R1610.0K

R1710.0K

D61N4148

DL2RED

DL1GREEN

10

98

U1C

TL074

R1910.0K

R2010.0K

R18100K

R2124.9K

C61.0POLYPOLY

VDD

12345678910

JP1

HEADER 5X2

D71N4148

INPUT FAULT

D81N4148

R22100K

9 8

U3D

74HC14

13 12

U3F

74HC14

11 10

U3E

74HC14

DZ11N4735

R231.0K

+12V

VDD

VCC

VSS

+6V

C8220pF

C7.001

R25100K

R26100K

R4810.0K

R27620.0

R491.5K

123456

HD1

12

34

56

78

910

1112

1314

1516

1718

1920

HD

2H

EAD

ER 1

0X2

123

HD3

123456

HD4

HEADER 6

VDD VDD

D9OPEN

-12V+12V

CARR SWDRVR V+

R51(JUMPER)

+12V

COMP238KHZ/CARRIER OFF/AUTO CARRIER

SYNC-12VDRVR V+PAVPAIALC

D151N4004

/LOCK FAULT

R50100

INPUT FAULT

+UNREGMETER UNREG

(TO POWER REG. BOARD)

FAN

C92200PfPOLY

GND4

OSC3

+IN2

-IN1 V+ 8

CS 7

C 6

E 5

U4LM3578

ESS4

ERR3

IN2

VCC1 VB 8

OUT 7

CS 6

VS 5

U5IR2125

C11.01

R2868K

C1056PfNPO

R302.2K C13

100Pf

C121.0 C14

.1

D101N4148

Q5MPSA06

DZ21N966B

R24100.0

R3410.0K

+ C23330/100V

Q1IRF540

C150.1 R36

2.0K

R372.2K R38

1.0

D11MUR120

R38A1.0

+UNREG P1

L1380UH

R32SEE NOTE 3

R294.12K

L2960UH

R45

10.K

D131N5822

R441.1K

+

C2410/35V

+

C201800/35V

L3960UH

D141N5822

+ C21220/63V

L4960 uH

+C223300/16V

-12V

+12V

+12V

-12V

+ C18220/63V

DZ3

1.5K

E36A

DZ4ICTE-12

Q2MPSA06

R39

510 R40

10.0Q3

MPSA56

Q4MJE15028

+C191000/35V

C281

R43220.0

R411.0K

R421.0K

+ C25220/63V

DRVR V+

CARR SW

/CARRIER OFF

/AUTO CARRIER

COMP2AUDIO or COMPOSITE

VDD

1%

TIME-OUT SELECT

6.2V

1%

0.5W 0.5W

NOTES:

UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED:1. ALL RESISTORS ARE IN OHMS, 1/4W, 5% TOL.2. ALL CAPACITORS ARE IN MICROFARADS.3. FOR FM30, 100 & 250 UNITS, R32 VALUE = 82.5K OHM, 1/4W, 1% TOL..

Q43229-6F

PROGRAM DETECT

R3551.0

C26 0.1

C270.1

C16

OPEN

Vin 2

GN

D1

Vout3

VR1 OPEN 1

2

JP2

OPEN

Vin 1

ON/OFF 5

FEEDBACK4

OUT2

GND 3

U6

LM2576-ADJ

FM 30/100/250 = D 6977-9

FM 30/100/250 = C 8667-5

FM 30/100/250 = C 7746-8

1%

1%

1%

.5248

FOR HARRIS UNITS, R32 VALUE = 100K OHM, 1/4W, 1% TOL.

C29

56PfNPO

AF475 REDRAWN ON IREC FORMAT. PWA & PWB NOW RoHS 9-14-06 DW DW DP

DW 9-14-06

SCH, FM VOLTAGE REGULATOR

AG

AG493 CORRECTED PWB TO CONNECT R29 2-19-07 DW DW DP

Schematic Diagram: FM Voltage Regulator


Illustration 6-11 FM Power Regulator




DW

G.

NO

.R

EV.

1 2 3 4 7 8

A

B

C

D

E

F

1 2 3 4 6 7 8

A

B

C

E

F

5

THESE DRAWINGS AND SPECIFICATIONS ARE THE PROPERTY OFINTERNATIONAL RADIO AND ELECTRONICS CORP.AND ARE NOT TO BE REPRODUCED, COPIED OR USED AS THE BASISFOR THE MANUFACTURE OR SALE OF APPARATUS ORDEVICES WITHOUT PERMISSION. SHEETSCALE : NONE PROJ NO.FILENAME:

DWG . NO . REV.

TITLE:


APPROVALSDWNCHKCMPE

DISTRIBUTION



65

SIZEB

B_L_SHT1_A.DOT REV. A


IREC

~

~

- + DC INPUT

TP1

TP2

ON CHASSIS

NOTES:


1. ALL RESISTORS ARE IN OHMS, 1/4W, 5% TOL.


533

BATTERY

CIRCUIT BREAKER

110V

DW 09-30-03

R801B

24.9K

R801A27.4K

1 2

Z71 2

Z6

1 2

Z91 2

Z8

12

Z1

12

Z2

R806A330K

R805A330K

R806B

200K

R805B

200K

D8051N4148 R820

100KR80410.0K 1%

1

2

3

D803BYV72EW-150

1

2

3

D804BYV72EW-150

D8021N4148

R811

ESS4

ERR3

IN2

VCC1 VB 8

OUT 7

CS 6

VS 5

U2

IR2125

GND4

OSC3

+IN2

-IN1 V+ 8

CS 7

C 6

E 5

U801

LM3578AN

1

2

3

R80210K

DZ801

1N96

6B 1

6V

DZ8021N966B 16V

1 2Z4

1 2Z5

L801

30UH

L80330UH

L802*

Q801IRF540

R808

1.0K

R80951.0

R8072.2KR80

3

82K

R8102.0K

R812A0.1

R812B0.1

DZ8031N4735 6.2V

R82110.0K

R818A2.0K

R818B2.0K

+C815330/100V

+C816330/100V

+ C817330/100V

+C810

330/100V

+C811

330/

100V

Q804MPSA06

3

26

1 8

74

U803OP-27GNB

Q802MPSA56R814

22.0K

Q8032N5087

R822

22.0K

R8161.0K 1%

R8131.0K

R815100.0

R819.04 OHM 15W 3%

R817B

2K

R817A100

C10010.015F

C802

2200

PF P

OLYC801

220PF

C8141/50V

C804.01C803

56PF

C813.01UF

C819.01UF

C8200.01UF DISK

C809.1

C818.1UF

C805100PF

C8121/50V

C808

.0027

+

C806

4.7UF/63V

123456

HD1

C 7527-2_6 HDR

P801FASTON TAB

P802FASTON TAB

P806FASTON TAB

P803FASTON TAB

P804FASTON TAB

P805FASTON TABP807FASTON TAB

P808

FASTON TABPA-DC OUT

+ UNREG IN

C10582-2C10582-2C10582-2C10582-2

A PRODUCTION RELEASE 10-31-03 DW

R827

1.0K

1 2Z3

DZ8061N4735 6.2V

2W 2W

5W 5W

DZ8071N966B 16V

R82830K

REF DES

FM1UNIT CONFIGURATION

SHORT

FM30 FM100 FM250 FM500

L802

OPENOPEN OPEN OPEN OPEN

OPEN OPEN

SHORT SHORT OPEN OPEN OPENOPEN OPEN SHORT SHORT SHORTSHORT SHORT OPEN OPEN OPENSHORT SHORT SHORT SHORT OPENOPEN OPEN OPEN SHORTOPEN

H43608-1 H43395-5 H43533-1 H43533-1 H43533-1

*

*

**

*

**

*

*

*

*

*

*

2W

**PA VOLTAGE SET

JUMPERZ1

SHORT SHORT SHORTZ2SHORT

Z9 SHORT SHORT SHORT

Z8Z7Z6Z4Z5

Z3 SHORT SHORT SHORT SHORT SHORT

EURO

SHORTOPEN

OPEN

OPEN

OPENSHORT

SHORT

SHORT

SHORT

H43533-1

HARRIS M1

SHORTOPEN

OPEN

OPEN

OPENSHORT

SHORT

SHORT

OPEN

H43533-1R811 5.11K 1%3.3K 3.3K 3.3K3.3K3.3KR827R828DZ806DZ807

OPENOPENOPENOPEN

OPENOPENOPENOPEN

OPENOPENOPENOPEN

OPENOPENOPENOPEN

OPENOPENOPENOPEN

OPENOPENOPENOPEN

INSTALLED3.3K

HARRIS M2

OPENSHORT

OPEN

OPEN

SHORTSHORT

SHORT

OPEN

OPEN

H43533-13.3K

INSTALLEDINSTALLED INSTALLEDINSTALLED INSTALLEDINSTALLED INSTALLED

DW 09-30-03

DP 09-30-03

200915-SCH

DW DP

B CORRECTED Z3 AND Z6 UNIT STATUS FOR M2 AND FM100 01-29-04 DW DW DP274

C SWAPPED Z1, Z2 TO MATCH PWB 08-10-04 DW DW323 DP

FM POWER REGULATOR

200915F-SCH D

D PWA & PWB NOW RoHS. CHG'D P/N 07-25-06 DW DW475 DP

Schematic Diagram: FM Power Regulator


R19

Illustration 6-12 FM Power Amplifier FM150/FM300




DW

G.

NO

.R

EV.

1 2 3 4 7 8

A

B

C

D

E

F

1 2 3 4 6 7 8

A

B

C

E

F

5


DWG . NO . REV.

TITLE:


APPROVALSDWNCHKCMPE

DISTRIBUTION



65

SIZEB



IREC

1

2

3

R1110K

R125.6

R135.6

R145.6

R155.6

R1724, 3W

R1610, 1/8W

C14.01

C15.01

C12.01

C13.01

C01.01

C24.68

C23.01

C26.01

C2555pFT21

G2 D2

S

G1 D1

Q01SD2942

PA DC

C220.1

L2150NH

L2250NH

J02BNC RECEPT.

J01BNC RECEPT

T11S

T1111P

C21.01

R01

15K

PA OUTPUT

C10.01R10

12K

R192003W

PA INPUT

DZ106.2V

R182.7K

LB01

BEAD

NOTES:


1. ALL RESISTORS ARE IN OHMS, 1/4W, +/- 5% TOL.


3. C10 - C15 = .01 CHIP

4. L21 AND L22 = 8 TURNS CLOSE-WOUND, 3/16 INCH I.D.

C16A

10PFC16

B6.

5-30

pF

C11.01

A PRODUCTION RELEASE 02-20-07 DW DW DP

FM RF AMPLIFIER

201551F-SCH A1

DW

DW

DP

02-20-07

02-20-07

02-20-07

Schematic Diagram: FM RF Amplifier


Illustration 6-13 FM Low Pass Filter #2




EP

DW

G.

NO

.R

EV.

1 2 3 4 7 8

A

B

C

D

E

F

1 2 3 4 6 7 8

A

B

C

E

F

5


DWG . NO . REV.

TITLE:


APPROVALSDWNCHKCMPE

DISTRIBUTION



65

SIZEB



IREC

J1RF IN

J2BNC

C1A10pF C1

15.4pFC3

40.9pFC538.9pF

C737.7pF

C914.1pF

C102pF

C1947pF

C1247pF NPO

C130.001uF

C140.01uF C15

.01C160.001uF

C21.35pF

C47.1pF

C69.3pF

C85.13pF

C1147pF NPO

L1OPEN

L290.5nH

L394.1nH

L487.5nH

L577.9nH

D1 1N6263D2

1N6263

12345

HD21X5

R61K

R91K

R720K

R820K

R410

R273.2

R310

R573.2

NOTES:======= UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED1) ALL RESTORS ARE IN OHMS, 1/4W, 5%

2) ALL CAPACITORS ARE IN MICROFARADS

3) C1-C10 AND C17 ARE CIRCUIT BOARD PADS

FWD

REFL

C173.5pF

C1847pF C20

.01

R1100 R11

100K

R10

10KD3

1N6263

123

HD1

RF MONITOR

Aprox. 7V RMSwith 200w RF in

RFV

RF OUT

4) IF NECESSARY, SELECT R2 FOR SWR READING OF 1.1 OR BETTER WITH 50 OHM LOAD R5 = R2

SHIELD

J REDRAWN 12-05-03 DW

DW 03-14-02

DP

C1-C10 AND C17ARE PWB COPPER AREAS

FM LOW PASS FILTER #2

103209-SCH J

Schematic Diagram: FM Low Pass Filter #2


Illustration 6-14 FM RF Driver




DW

G.

NO

.R

EV.

1 2 3 4 7 8

A

B

C

D

E

F

1 2 3 4 6 7 8

A

B

C

E

F

5


DWG . NO . REV.

TITLE:


APPROVALSDWNCHKCMPE

DISTRIBUTION



65

SIZEB



IREC

L133uH

J1RF IN

L2 OPEN

R1010K

IN1

GN

D2

GN

D3

N/C

4

VC

C5

N/C

6

GN

D7

GN

D8

OU

T9

XU1MHW6342T

R1OPEN

C60.01

C70.01

T1

Q1BLF245

R2

OPEN

C15680pF

L3 C1010pF

C1136pF

C1236pF

C135pF

L410.4uH

L523.2uH

C1427pF

J2RF OUT

C9OPEN

R114.7K

R951

C170.01

+24VDC

C160.01

C18OPEN

1/2W

3

21

84

U2A

OPEN

5

67

U2B

OPEN

R15OPEN

R14

OPEN

G

S

D

1

J3

1

J4

R13OPEN

R12

OPEN

R8*

D31N753A6.2V

DW 08-28-03

533

1

J5

R7

OPEN

C8OPEN

2

1

3

D1OPEN

C1

.01

Vin1

GN

D2

Vout 3

VR1OPEN

R16OPEN

C2OPEN

R4OPEN

R3OPEN

2

1

3

D2OPEN

C3.01

R6OPEN

+5V

R5

OPENC4OPEN

UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED:NOTE:

1. ALL RESISTORS ARE IN OHMS, 1/4 WATT +/- 5% TOL.2. ALL CAPACITORS ARE IN MICROFARADS.

L6OPEN

R1751

DW 10-30-03DP 10-30-03

C19OPEN

RT12.7K NTCOPEN

T

L7OPEN

C20OPEN

C21OPEN

C22OPEN

R18

0

FM30 FM100 FM250 FM500

R8 POWER LEVEL CONFIGURATION

OPEN 3 OHM 5W 2.7 OHM 5W3 OHM 5W

FOR FM100 AND FM250: 18VFOR FM500: 20VFOR FM30: FEED POINT FROM PWR. REGULATOR PWB.

FOR FM30:20VDC INPUT APPLIED HERE.

C522

C23

.01

C24

.01

ADDED TO PWB (200922-PWB-D IN LOCATIONSHOWN, AND DEPICTED ON COMPONENT MAP.

M PRODUCTION RELEASE 12-10-03 DW DW DP264N XU1 WAS 200479-TERM-10 01-29-04 DW DW MH279O PWB CHG'D TO REV. C 06-14-04 DW DW DP316P PWB CHG'D TO REV. D 03-22-05 DW DW DP361

SCH, FM RF DRIVER

Q43310-4F Q

Q PWA & PWB NOW RoHS. 07-28-06 DW DW DP475

Q43

310-

4FQ

Schematic Diagram: FM RF Driver


THESE DRAWINGS AND SPECIFICATIONS ARE THEPROPERTY OF INTERNATIONAL RADIO AND ELECTRONICS CORP.AND SHALL NOT BE REPRODUCED, COPIED OR USED AS THE BASISFOR THE MANUFACTURE OR SALE OF APPARATUS ORDEVICES WITHOUT PERMISSION.


DWG . NO . REV

TITLE:

DW

G. N

O.

RE

V.



UNCONTROLLED

UNLESS OTHERWISE MARKED IN RED INK BY CM AS ACONTROLLED COPY, COPIES OF THESE DOCUMENTSINCLUDING ASSOCIATED ELECTRONIC REPRODUCTIONSARE FOR REFERENCE ONLY.

APPROVALSDWNCHKCMPE

DISTRIBUTIONK

1 2 3 4 5 6

D

A A

C

B

D

1 3 4 5 6

ASIZE

2A_L_SHT1_A.DOT REV. A


IREC

B4

B3

B2

J1BNC

C1OPEN

123456

J2

HEADER 6

GNDFANTEMP+SENSEV1+V2+

C2.01

C3.01

C4.01

C5.01

PAD

PAD

PAD

PAD

PAD

RF

GND

PAD

PAD

PAD

PADPAD

PADPADPAD PAD

PADPADPAD

SCH, FM EUROAMP DC INPUT FEED THRU

DW 02-07-02

200419-SCH-2.SCH

A PRODUCTION RELEASE 02-19-02 DW160-A

200419-SCH A

Illustration 6-15 FM Euroamp DC Input Feedthru (Top Side)

Illustration 6-16 FM Euroamp DC Input Feedthru (Bottom Side)

Schematic Diagram: FM Euroamp DC Input Feedthru



Board Layouts and Schematics DWG. NO. REV. A201232-SCH

H

G

F

E

D

C

B

A

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

H

G

F

E

D

C

B

A

1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12




DWG . NO . REVA201232-SCH

TITLE:


APPROVALSDWNCHKCMPE

DISTRIBUTIONK

SIZE

C



IREC

M1H

D-S

RF

POW

ER A

MP

12345

PL1005

PL1001BNC

TOMOTHER BOARD

FAN

RF OUT

PA FAN

RF IN

RF DRIVER VOLTAGE REGULATOR

xxx

HD503

20 C0ND. RIBBONCBL

123

HD703

xxx

HD702

20 C

0ND

. RIB

BO

NC

BL

123456

HD701HEADER 6

1 2 3 4 5 6

HD502

x x x

HD46 C0ND. RIBBONCBL

1

P1+UNREG

1P805

1P804

1 P808PA DC OUT

1 P807GND

123

PL1002

123 PL1004

x x x

HD1

6 C0ND. RIBBONCBL

RF IN

RF OUT

LP FILTER

RF OUT

RF IN

RF OUT

POWER REGULATOR

S1002

S1002

CARRIER

POWER

TOMOTHER BOARD

TOMOTHER BOARD

DRVR V+

12

34

56

78

910

HD505

ONMOTHER BOARD

TEMP SENSE

SCH, FM CHASSIS INTERCONNECT

533

DW 04-04-05

PRODUCTION RELEASEA 04-04-05 DW

120V200V

6.3A

VOLTAGE FUSE SIZE*

120/240 VAC

NOT USED

SEE CHART

50/60HZ

NEUTRAL

HOT

FILTER

*

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

H

tNTC

tNTC

T1001

1P801

R10032K 3W

C100115,000UF/110V

+12V

-12V

1

J4

1 Z3-2

DRVR V+

CB1001CIRCUIT BREAKER

1P803

BATTERY IN

1P802

ON

OFF

ON

OFF

220V240V

3A

220

100

240

120

MOV

MOV

SLO-BLO FOR ALL APPLICATIONS

1 P806GND

+

1

2

3

4

D1001

BRIDGE

DW 04-04-05

DP 06-24-04

DP

CORCOM 6EDL4CM

Schematic Diagram: FM Chassis Interconnect


Section 7—Service and Support

We understand that you may need various levels of support or that the product could require servicing at some point in time. This section pro-vides information for both of these scenarios.

Service and Support 7-1

7.1 Service The product warranty (see opposite page) outlines our responsibility for defective products. Before returning a product for repair or replacement (our choice), call our Customer Service department using the following telephone number:

(866) 262-8917 Our Customer Service Representative will give you further instructions regarding the return of your product. Use the original shipping carton or a new one obtained from Crown. Place shipping spacers between the slide-out power amplifier assembly and the back panel. Please fill out the Factory Service Instructions sheet (page 7–5) and include it with your re-turned product. 7.2 24–Hour Support In most instances, what you need to know about your product can be found in this manual. There are times when you may need more in-depth information or even emergency-type in-formation. We provide 24–hour technical assistance on your product via a toll telephone call. For emergency help or detailed technical assistance, call

(866) 262-8917

You may be required to leave a message at this number but your call will be returned promptly from our on-call technician.

7.3 Spare Parts To obtain spare parts, call Crown Broadcast Sales at the following number.

(866) 262-8919

You may also write to the following address:

International Radio and Electronics Corporation

P.O. Box 2000

Elkhart, Indiana, U.S.A. 46515-2000

FM30/FM150/FM300 User’s Manual 7-2

Crown Broadcast Three Year Limited Product Warranty

Summary Of Warranty Crown Broadcast IREC warrants its broadcast products to the ORIGINAL PURCHASER of a NEW Crown Broadcast product, for a period of three (3) years after shipment from Crown Broadcast. All products are warranted to be free of defects in materials and workmanship and meet or exceed all specifications published by Crown Broadcast. Product nameplate with serial number must be intact and not altered in any way. This warranty is non - transferable. This warranty in its entirety is the only warranty offered by Crown Broadcast. No other warranties, expressed or implied, will be enforceable.

Exclusions Crown Broadcast will not warranty the product due to misuse, accident, neglect and improper instal-lation or operation. Proper installation included A/C line surge suppression, lightning protection and proper grounding of the entire transmitter, and any other recommendations designated in the Instruc-tion manual. This warranty does not extend to any other products other than those designed and manufactured by Crown Broadcast. This warranty does not cover any damage to any accessory such as loads, transmission line or antennas resulting from the use or failure of a Crown Broadcast trans-mitter. Warranty does not cover any loss of revenue resulting from any failure of a Crown Broadcast product, act of God, or natural disaster.

Procedure for Obtaining Warranty Service Crown Broadcast will repair or service, at our discretion, any product failure as a result of normal in-tended use. Warranty repair can only be performed at our plant facility in Elkhart, Indiana USA or at a factory authorized service depot. Expenses in remedying the defect will be borne by Crown Broad-cast, including two-way ground transportation cost within the continental United States. Prior to re-turning any product or component to Crown Broadcast for warranty work or repair, a Return Authori-zation (RA) number must be obtained from the Crown Broadcast Customer Service Department. Product must be returned in the original factory pack or equivalent. Original factory pack materials may be obtained at a nominal charge by contacting Crown Broadcast Customer Service. Resolution of the defective product will be made within a reasonable time from the date of receipt of the defec-tive product.

Warranty Alterations No person has the authority to enlarge, amend, or modify this warranty, in whole or in part. This war-ranty is not extended by the length of time for which the owner was deprived the use of the product. Repairs and replacement parts that are provided under the terms of this warranty shall carry only the unexpired portion of the warranty.

Product Design Changes

Crown Broadcast reserves the right to change the design and manufacture of any product at any time without notice and without obligation to make corresponding changes in products previously manufactured.

Legal Remedies of Purchaser This written warranty is given in lieu of any oral or implied warranties not covered herein. Crown Broadcast disclaims all implied warranties including any warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose.

Crown Broadcast

25166 Leer Drive Elkhart, Indiana 46514-5425, Phone: (574) 262-8900, Fax: (574) 262-5399 www.crownbroadcast.com


The following lists describe the spare parts kit available for your transmitter.

For the FM150 and FM300, use part number GFMSPARES. The following parts are included: These parts are included in the FM30 kit (part number GFM30SPARES):

Item Quantity Fuse, 1.5A Slo-blo 5mmX20mm 6 Fuse, 3A Slo-blo 5mmX20mm 5 15A 100V N-CH MOSFET 2 130V RMS 200V PEAK 6500A ZENER 2

35A 400V Bridge Rectifier 1 Diode, BYV72E–150 20A 150V 2 MOS Gate Driver, 500V IR #IR2125 2 BLF245 FET PWR Transistor 1 Switching Regulator, 0.75A LM3578AN

2

NTC, In-rush Current Limiter 2 EMI Filter, 6A 250V with Fuse 1 14 Stage Bin Cntr/OSC 74HC4060 1

Item Quantity Fuse, 4A Slo-blo 5mmX20mm 6 Fuse, 6.3A Slo-blo 5mmX20mm 5 Fuse, 12.5A Slo-blo 5mmX20mm 5 15A 100V N-CH MOSFET 2 130V RMS 200V PEAK 6500A ZENER 2

35A 400V Bridge Rectifier 1 Diode, BYV72E–150 20A 150V 2 MOS Gate Driver, 500V IR #IR2125 2 MOSFET, RF SD2942 1 Switching Regulator, 0.75A LM3578AN 2

NTC, In-rush Current Limiter 2 EMI Filter, 6A 250V with Fuse 1 14 Stage Bin Cntr/OSC 74HC4060 1

FM30/FM150/FM300 User’s Manual 7-4

Factory Service Instructions

To obtain factory service, complete the bottom half of this page, include it with the unit, and ship to:

International Radio and Electronics Corporation 25166 Leer Drive

Elkhart, Indiana, U.S.A. 46514-5425

For units in warranty (within 3 years of purchase from any authorized Crown Dealer): We pay for ground UPS shipments from anywhere in the continental U.S. and Federal Express Second Day service from Hawaii and Alaska to the factory and back to you. Expedited service/shipment is available for an additional charge. You may forward your receipt for shipping charges which we will reimburse. We do not cover any charges for shipping outside the U.S. or any of the expenses involved in clearing customs. If you have any questions about your Crown Broadcast product, please contact Crown Broadcast Customer Service at:

Telephone: (866) 262-8917 or (866) 262-8919 Fax: (574) 262-5399

Name: Company: Shipping Address: Phone Number: Fax: Model: Serial Number: Purchase Date:

Nature of the Problem (Describe the conditions that existed when the problem occurred and what attempts were made to correct it.) Other equipment in your system: If warranty has expired, payment will be: Cash/Check VISA Mastercard

Please Quote before servicing

Card Number: Exp. Date: Signature: Return Shipment Preference if other than UPS Ground: Expedite Shipment Other

ENCLOSE WITH UNIT—DO NOT MAIL SEPARATELY


Appendix

Transmitter Output Efficiency

RF Power Output-FM 30

PADC Volts PADC Amps RF Power Efficiency

27.9 2.16 34 56

26.2 2.09 32 58

24.7 2.02 30 60

22.5 1.91 26 60

20.2 1.77 22 62

17.0 1.56 17 64

14.1 1.34 14 74

12.6 1.22 10 65

10.5 1.04 7 64

8.8 .88 5 65

6.6 .65 3 70

5.4 .53 2 70

Power measurements were made at 97.1 MHz. Voltage and current measurements were taken from the unit’s built-in metering. The accuracy of the internal metering is better than 2%. Return loss of the RF load was greater than –34 dB at test frequency .

FM30/FM150/FM300 User’s Manual A-1

Transmitter Output Efficiency


PADC Volts PADC Amps RF Power Efficiency 34.3 6.05 165 79.5 32.8 5.87 150 77.9 28.4 5.34 113 74.5 23.1 4.77 75 68.1 16.4 4.09 38 56.7 9.4 3.16 15 50.5



PADC Volts PADC Amps RF Power Efficiency 48.5 7.86 330 86.6 46.3 7.57 300 85.6 40.2 6.75 225 82.9 33.0 5.80 150 78.4 23.4 4.70 75 68.2 14.5 3.79 30 54.6


Appendix A-2

Notes:

FM30/FM150/FM300 User’s Manual A-3

Glossary

The following pages define terms and abbreviations used throughout

this manual.

Glossary G-1

AF Audio Frequency; the frequencies between 20 Hz and 20 kHz in the electromagnetic spectrum ALC Automatic Level Control AM Amplitude Modulation; the process of impressing information on a radio-frequency signal by varying its amplitude. Bandwidth The range of frequencies available for signaling. BCD Binary-Coded Decimal; a digital system that uses binary codes to represent decimal digits. BFO Beat Frequency Oscillator BNC A bayonet locking connector for miniature coax; said to be short for Bayonet-Neill-Concelman. Broadband As used in the FM transmitter; refers to the entire audio spectrum as opposed to the spectrum influenced by the pre-emphasis; also called “Wideband”. Carrier A continuous signal which is modulated with a second; information– carrying signal. Crosstalk In FM broadcasting, the term generally refers to the interaction between the main (L+R) and the subcarrier (L_R) signals as opposed to “separation” which generally refers to leakage between left (L) and right (R) channels. Density (program) A high average of modulation over time. Deviation The amount by which the carrier frequency changes either side of the center frequency. DIP Dual In-line Pins; term used to describe a pin arrangement. Distortion The unwanted changes in signal wave shape that occur during transmission between two points. DPM Digital Panel Meter EPROM Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory Exciter (1) A circuit that supplies the initial oscillator used in the driver stage. (2) A transmitter configuration which excludes stereo generation and audio processing.

FM30/FM150/FM300 User’s Manual G-2

FET Field-Effect Transistor Frequency Synthesizer A circuit that generates precise frequency signals by means of a single crystal oscillator in conjunction with frequency dividers and multipliers. FM Frequency Modulation; the process of impressing on a radio signal by varying its frequency. FSK Frequency Shift Keying; an F technique for shifting the frequency of the main carrier at a Morse code rate. Used in the on-air identification of frequencies. Gain Reduction The process of reducing the gain of a given amplifier. Harmonics Undesirable energy at integral multiples of a desired, fundamental frequency. High Frequency Frequencies in the 3.0 to 30.0 MHz range. Highband Frequencies affected by the pre-emphasis. I/O Input/Output LED Light Emitting Diode Modulation The process by which a carrier is varied to represent an information-carrying signal. MOSFET Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor; A voltage-controlled device with high input impedance due to its electrically isolated gate. Nearcast A transmission within a localized geographic area (ranging from a single room to several kilometers) PA Power Amplifier PAI Power Amplifier Current PAV Power Amplifier Voltage Pilot A 19-kHz signal used for stereo transmissions. Pre-emphasis The deliberate accentuation of the higher audio frequencies; made possible by a high-pass filter. Processing The procedure and or circuits used to modify incoming audio to make it suitable for transmission. Receiver An option which adds incoming RF capability to an existing transmitter. See also “Translator.”

Glossary G-3

RF Radio Frequency; (1) A specific portion of the electromagnetic spectrum between audio-frequency and the infrared portion. (2) A frequency useful for radio transmission (roughly 10 kHz and 100,000 MHz). SCA Subsidiary Communications Authorization; see “subcarrier.” S/N Signal to Noise Spurious products Unintended signals present on the transmission output terminal. Stability A tolerance or measure of how well a component, circuit, or system maintains constant operating conditions over a period of time. Stereo Pilot See “Pilot.” Stereo separation The amount of left channel information that bleeds into the right channel (or vice versa). Subcarrier A carrier signal which operates at a lower frequency than the main carrier frequency and which modulates the main carrier. Suppression The process used to hold back or stop certain frequencies. SWR Standing Wave Ratio; on a transmission line, the ratio of the maximum voltage to the minimum voltage or maximum current to the minimum current; also the ratio of load impedance to intended (50 ohms) load impedance. THD Total Harmonic Distortion Translator A transmitter designed to internally change an FM signal from one frequency to another for retransmission. Used in conjunction with terrestrial networks. Satellator A transmitter equipped with an FSK ID option for re-broadcasting a satellite fed signal. VSWR Voltage Standing Wave Ratio; see “SWR.” Wideband See “Broadband.” VCO Voltage Controlled Oscillator

FM30/FM150/FM300 User’s Manual G-4

Index Symbols 19–kHz level adjustment 5–3 phase adjustment 5–3 A AC. See Power: input ALC 3–3,3–7,4–7 Altitude operating range 1–8 Amperes PA DC 3–3,3–8 Amplifier RF 4–13 bias set 5–6 Antenna 2–12 mismatch 3–3 Applications 1–3 Audio broadband 3-5 distortion 5–9 frequency 5–8 high 3–5 input connectors 2-13, 4–3 input level 1-7, 3–5 monitor connections 2–15,4–5 performance 5–7 pre-emphasis 3–5 processing 3–5,4–10 wide 3–5 Audio processor 4-3 adjustments 5–2 circuit description 4–3 circuit location 6–3 indicators 3–5 input 3–5 reference drawings 6–5 B Backup transmitter use 1–4 Bandwidth RF 5–8 Battery. See power: input Bias set 5–6 Broadband. See Audio: broadband

C Cables audio input 2–13 Carrier 4–12,5–8 automatic turnoff 2–16,3–8,5–6,5–10 frequency 5–8, 5-10 Carrier switch 3–4,5–5 Channel. See Frequency main 5–10 main into sub 5–10 sub into main 5–10 Chassis circuit 4–14 Circuit boards audio processor 4–3,6–5 stereo generator 4–4, 6-5 Circuits chassis 4–14 display 4–10 metering 4–8 motherboard 4–8 part numbering 4–2 power regulator 4–12 RF exciter 4–6 stereo generator 4–4 voltage regulator 4–11 Components numbering 4–2 Composite input 2–14 input connection 2–13 output adjustment 5–3 Connectors audio input 2–13 audio monitoring 2–15 composite in 2–15 remote I/O 2–16 RF input 2–12 RF output 2–12 RF output monitoring 2–12 SCA In 2–14 XLR 2–13, 4–3 Cooling Fan 3-3, 3-8 control 4-7 Coverage area 1-4 Crosstalk 1-7 measurements 5-9 Current limit PA 5-5

I-1 Index

D DC. See Power: input De-emphasis 2-15, 5-2, 5-7 jumpers 2-15 Delay program failure to carrier turnoff 2-16, 5-6 Dimensions 1-9 Display circuit description 4-10 front panel 3-2, 3-5, 3-7 modulation calibration 5-5 Distortion 1-7 audio 5-9 harmonic 4-5 E Emissions 5-8 Exciter. See RF exciter configuration 1-4 F Fan (PA) control 4-7 cooling 3-8 Fault indicators 4-10 input 3-8 lock 3-8 power 3-8 servicing 3-8 SWR 3-8 temperature 3-8 FCC guidelines 1-9, 5-8, 5-10 Frequency carrier 5-8, 5-10 measurement 5-4 pilot 5-8 receiver 2-8 response 5-8 selection 2-5, 5-3 receiver 2-8 samples 2-6 synthesizer 5-10 Frequency synthesizer. See RF exciter adjustments 5-4 Front panel display modulation calibration 5-5 FSK 1-5, 1-6 measurements 5-4 Fuses 2-4, 7-4 G Gain control 3-5

Gain reduction 4-3 Gain switches input 3-6 H Harmonic distortion 4-5 Harmonics 5-8 Heatsink 3-8 Highband 3-5 processing 4-4 Humidity operating range 1-8 I I/O connector 1-2, 2-14 pin out 2-16, 2-17 Indicators audio processor 3-5 fault 3-8, 4-10 highband 3-5 LED 3-5, 3-7, 4-10 pilot 3-5 wideband 3-5, 5-6 Input audio connectors 2-13 composite 2-14 fault 3-8 gain switches 3-6 program fault 2-16 SCA connection 2-14 L Labels 1-10 LEDs 3-5, 4-10 Line voltage 2-2, 2-3 Lock status 4-6 Lock fault 3-8 M Metering 1-3 circuit description 4-7 Metering circuit adjustments 5-4 location 4-7 Modulation 2-12, 3-5, 5-3, 5-7, 5-8 calibration 5-5 compensator 2-7 display 3-5 percentage 3-5, 5-9 Monitor audio 2-15, 4-5

FM30/FM150/FM300 User’s Manual I-2

M (continued) Mono operation 2-13, 3-6 Motherboard circuit description 4-8 Multimeter 3-7 front panel 3-3 N Nearcast transmitter use 1-6 Networks satellite fed 1-6 terrestrial fed 1-5 Noise 1-8, 3-8 measurements 5-9 O Operating environment 1-8, 2-2 Options 1-3, 1-4, 1-6 Output power 1-7, 3-7 display 3-7 Output filter 4-14 P Part numbering 4-2 Parts spares 7-2 Performance checklist 5-7 tests 5-10 Pilot frequency 5-8 Pilot indicator 3-5 Power AC supply 4-14 AC voltage selection 2-2 battery 1-4, 1-8, 2-5 failure 2-2 fault 3-8 input 1-8, 2-2, 2-5 FCC guidelines 5-10 output 1-3, 1-7, 5-8 display 3-7 output filter 4-14 regulator circuit description 4-12 RF 3-3, 3-7 RF amplifier 4-13 transformer 4-14 Power switch 3-4 Pre-emphasis 1-7, 4-4, 5-2, 5-7 curve 2-15, 4-4

Processing audio 1-2, 3-5 control 3-6 control setting 3-3 highband 3-5, 4-4 Program failure 2-16, 5-10 Program source 2-13, 3-6 R Receiver frequency selection 2-8 option 1-5 specifications 1-10 Reflectometer 4-14 Regulatory approvals 1-9 Remote control 1-2 Remote I/O connector 2-16 pin out 2-17 Remote operation 2-16 Repair warranty 7-3 RF amplifier 4-13 bias set 5-6 bandwidth 1-8, 5-8 exciter 1-3, 2-12 circuit description 4-6 circuit location 1-3, 4-6 input 1-5, 2-12 output 1-2, 1-5, 1-7, 3-3, 3-7 impedance 1-7 output filter 4-14 S Safety 1-10 Satellator transmitter use 1-6 SCA 1-5 input connection 2-14 Sensitivity monaural 1-10 stereo 1-10 Separation stereo 1-7 stereo generator 5-2 Service warranty 7-3 Service instructions 7-5 Spares kit 7-4 Specifications receiver 1-10 transmitter 1-7

I-3 Index

S (continued) Stand alone transmitter use 1-4 Stereo separation 1-7, 5-9 Stereo generator 1-2, 2-14 adjustments 5-2 bypassing 2-14 circuit description 4-4 circuit location 6-3 Subcarrier 5-10 38kHz 5-10 Suppression subcarrier 1-8 Switches carrier 3-3, 3-4, 5-5 input gain 3-5, 3-6 power 3-2, 3-4 receiver 2-8 stereo-mono 3-3, 3-6 SWR 3-7 calibrate 5-5 fault 3-8 Synchronization 4-11 Synthesizer, See RF exciter T Temperature fault 3-8 operating range 1-8, 5-10 PA 3-3, 3-8 Test point voltage 3-8 Tests performance 5-7, 5-10 Time-out program input failure 2-16 Transformer 4-14 Translator transmitter use 1-5 V VCO 4-6 Voltage AC selection 2-2 Voltage regulator 3-8 adjustments 5-6 circuit description 4-11 Voltage selection 2-2 Voltmeter display 3-8 Volts PA DC 3-3, 3-8

VSWR 1-2, 2-12 W Warranty 7-3 Weight 1-9 Wideband 3-5 X XLR connectors 2-13

FM30/FM150/FM300 User’s Manual I-4

User's Manual - Crown Broadcast€¦ · FM30/FM150/FM300 Broadcast Transmitter User's Manual ©2007...

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