Use of Sensors and Microcontroller in Time Dependent Physics Experiment

7/25/2019 Use of Sensors and Microcontroller in Time Dependent Physics Experiment

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On the use of Different Digital and Analog S

and Gizduino Microcontroller Atmega328 onClassical Time Dependent Phsics !"perim

Researchers:

Mark Danielle Cardio, Alyssa Valerio, Bryan Llenariza

Patrick Joshua Montales, Marjoe Permejo and ReynoldLuna

Polytechnic University of the PhilippinesCollee o! "cienceDe#artment o! Physical "ciences"ta$ Mesa, Manila %%&%, Phili##ines


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O#T$%&! 'ld Vs Modern (ay o! Classroom Physics )*#eriments

'+jecties "ini-cance o! the study

"co#e and Limitation

Di.erence o! Analo and Diital sensor

/he 0izduino A/mea123

)*#erimental Process and Data Ac4uisition Results and Discussion

Conclusion

(ork in Proress


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Old 's Modern (a of performing Classical T

Dependent Phsics !"periments in the Classr

/he traditional 5ay o! measurements in classroom #hysics e*#emade use o! ruler, timer or sto#5atch$

/he #recision o! the measurements 5ere a.ected +y the judmreaction time o! the #erson 5ho is doin the measurement$

"ome e*#eriments are +ounded and limited to #er!orm due to !athat can6t +e accurately measured +y the naked eye as it needs cother ideo editin so!t5are to take measurements !or a ery sminteral$

Data )ncodin, Calculation and Modelin are manually done a!tActual )*#eriment$


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Old 's Modern (a of performing Classical T

Dependent Phsics !"periments in the Classr

/he modern 5ay o! measurements in classroom #hysics e*#erimuse o! the aaila+le technoloy like diital e4ui#ment that could the numerical and modeled +ehaior usin com#uters$

/he #recision relies on the sinals send +y the sensors throuh t#rocessin units like com#uter, and microcontrollers$ ; and Modelincan +e done simultaneous to the e*#erimentation$


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$et)s recall some of the Classical Time Depend

Phsics !"periments

Fig. 1.: )*am#les o! the De#endent Physics )*#er

[3] Young and Freedman University Physics with Mode rn Physics, 13thed.

8n sim#le harmonic motion,the motion is sinusoidal intime and demonstrates asinle resonant !re4uency$


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O*+ecti'es

/o test an accessi+le diital e*#erimental method tused in #er!ormin time de#endent classicae*#eriments$

/o re#er!orm certain classical time de#endene*#eriments usin diital and analo sensors$


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Significance of the Stud

(ith the use o! sensors and microcontrollers, #hysics e*#

are can +e re#er!ormed easily and eciently 5here the +ethe e*#eriment is can +e simultaneously o+sered on the 5hile takin the measurements$

/o address the need o! #u+lic schools students in terminterestin and challenin e*#erimental methods th

deelo# learnin #rocess$

/o enhance technical skills o! the #u+lic students !oc#rorammin, electronics and instrumentation in accordan"/)M curriculum$


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Scope and $imitations of the St /he study 5ill !ocus on Classical /ime De#endent )*#erimen

"im#le 7armonic Motion in !orm o! "im#le Pendulum an"#rin 'scillations, also a non time de#endent e*#eriment liLa5 5ere #er!ormed !or the determination o! the s#rin

/he microcontroller used is 0izduino ;Mini> A/mea123 $:co#y or cloned ersion o! the Arduino E


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Scope and $imitation

/he e*#eriments 5ere done on a Fat +alanced s

#reent miscalculations and errors on the data ac4

/he e*#erimentation #rocess 5ere done tem#erature to make sta+le condition and mine.ect o! the tem#erature on the sensors$

/he e*#eriments 5ere #er!ormed on small amoscillations$


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Analog Sensors

[2] Wester, !ohn and "a#it $ren. Measurement, Instrumentation, and Sensors Handbook, 2nd

ed. %&% Press, %o'ryright 2(1)

Fig. 2.: Plot o! the Possi+le Values thatcould +e o+tain !rom an Analo8nstrument$

Analo sensors #roduccontinuous and #ro#orsinal$ )*am#le o! it isEltrasonic Distance "e

Bar

Distance

Fig. 3.: (orkin #rian Eltrasonic Distan


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Digital Sensors

[2] Wester, !ohn and "a#it $ren. Measurement, Instrumentation, and Sensors Handbook, 2nd

ed. %&% Press, %o'ryright 2(1)

Fig. 4.: )*am#le o! a setu# that #roducout#uts ;le!t> and #lot !rom a diital senso;riht>$

Diital sensors#roduce only +inaryout#uts & or %$


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Gizduino ATmega328

[1] *echnica# Manua# &ev. 1r1.Gizduino V4.0.

e+gimo Mechatronics %entra#

Com#onent "#eci-cation

E% H A/M)0A 123 Micro#rocessoChi#

E2 H 'n Board ?V VoltaeReulator

E1 H PL21&1 E"B to R"212Bride Controller

K% H %M7z crystal oscillator

Table 1 "#eci-cations o! th

Fig. 5.:Parts o! the 0izduino A/mea123


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Data Ac,uisition on the !"periments

Fig. 6.: Block diaram o! ho5 the data 5as o+tained !rom thee*#eriment$

Manet

L)D

Reed "5itch

"#rin

Mass 5ith disk

EltrasonicDistance"ensor

0izduino A/mea

"erial Conne


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Data $ogging and Displa

Fig. .: "o!t5are used !or data loin and modelin$ /heideo cli# on the riht side 5as recorded usin Cam"tudio$

Lo ile

Plot

Arduino 8D) "erial Monitor and "erialPlotter

Python

BE/LLL


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Simple Pendulum - Determining .g/

Fig. !.: Arranement o"5itch and Manet ;Boerrors

Fig. ".: 8t sho5s that the ac4uired alue o! Ncon!orms on its actual alue o! G$3 mOs2$

&$% &$%? &$2 &$2? &$1 &$1? &$:

&$%1

&$%3

&$21

&$23

&$11

&$13

!;*> P &$3:* Q &$&:

R P &$G3

Relation of the #trings $ength an% the #&'are of the (alf Perio% of )scillation

/heoretical

)*#erimental

Linear

;)*#erimental>

#&'are of the Perio%

$ength

Correlation 0.99147257


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!rror Analsis on the Simple Pendulum

!"periment

Table 2. 8t sho5s the calculated error o! the ac4uired N !romthe e*#eriment$

*+peri,ental TheoreticalPercentage *rro

-al'es of Lenth

)la#sed/ime

Value o!SS

Lenth)la#sed/ime

Value o! SS

&$1:3&$?G%G&:

3G$%33T&$

&2&$1:3 &$?G2&%

G$3

%$3 U

&$21&$?:213&G

?G$2?1T&$

%1&$21 &$?2:1 ?$? U

&$2:1&$:332%:23

%&$&G%T&

$&?&$2:1 &$:G: 2$3 U

&$%G1&$::&%%G&:

3G$3??%T&$

&&$%G1 &$::&G &$ U

&$%:3&$1?%?:%

G%%$G:GGT&

$%&$%:3 &$13% 2%$G U


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0oo1e)s $a( Determining the Spring

Constant

Fig. 1/.: Plot o! the "#rin constant

;k2&$3T&$1G>

&$&2 &$&1 &$&: &$&? &$& &$& &$&3 &$&G &$% &$%%

2$?

2

%$?

%

&$?

&

!;*> 2:$2G* Q &$%?

R %

!;*> 2:$3%* Q &$21

R &$GG

#pring 0onstant

"ensor Based

Linear ;"ensor

Based>

Manually Meas

0hange in $ength ,

Force

Correlation &$GG?3:


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Simple 0armonic Motion of a 45 grams (eigths in a

&m $a*orator Spring

Fig. 11.: Plot o! the /heoretical and )*#erimental Positiothe 'scillator

& &$? % %$? 2 2$?&$&2

&$&1

&$&:

&$&?

&$&

&$&

&$&3

#i,ple (ar,onic otion

Readin !rom the "ensor /heoretical Position

Ti,e s

Position ,

"mallest D

2$%&)&7ihest Di.


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Phase Space of the Mass during the Oscillatio

Fig. 12.: Plot o! the )*#erimental and /heoretical

Phase "#ace

&$&1 &$&: &$&: &$&? &$&? &$& &$& &$& &$&&$&1

&$&1

&$&:

&$&:

&$&?

&$&?

&$&

&$&

&$&

&$&

Phase #pace

Readin !rom the "ensor /heoretical Position

-elocity ,s

Position ,


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9eal Time Plot of Simple 0armonic Motion

Fig. 13.: 0enerated -ure !rom the actual realtime #lottin$


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Smoothed Data * means of Mo'ing A'erage

Fig. 14.: "moothed data 5ith-ltered


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Conclusion

/he used o! 0izduino Microcontroller Atmea123 and "e+rouht a sim#le and #recise methods o! data ac4uisitionClassical /ime De#endent Physics )*#eriments$

/he adantae on the use electronics and #roramminthe students on technical kno5lede and skills$

8nitially the data ac4uired are #recise 5ith a lesser uncethe theoretical alues o! the #hysical 4uantity$

/he use o! the microcontroller and sensors are Fe*i+le thit to +e a##lied and use at di.erent -elds o! a##lication$


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:or1 in Progress

8m#roisation o! Rotational Dis#lacement "ensor8m#roisation o! Photoate and Photo8nterru#ter

Fig. 15."etu#


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/hank Kou

Use of Sensors and Microcontroller in Time Dependent Physics Experiment

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