US5155241 Benzaldehyde From Styrene

4
8/12/2019 US5155241 Benzaldehyde From Styrene http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/us5155241-benzaldehyde-from-styrene 1/4 llllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllll||l||llllllllllIIIIIIIIIHIIIIIIIIllllll||| USOO5l55241A United- States Patent [19] [11] Patent Number: 5,155,241 Nishibe et a1. [45] Date of Patent: Oct. 13, 1992 [54] PROCESS FOR PREPARING STYRENE [56] References Cited OXIDE us. PATENT DOCUMENTS [75] Inventors; Keiichi Nishibe, Takaoka; Seiichi 2,431,718 12/1947 Wilder 8 a1. ..................... 549/531 Rengakuji; Masami Inoue‘ both of 3,806,467 4/1974 Watanabe et al. 549/531 . - . ' - 4,418,203 11/1983 Kim................... . 549/531 ;(i’ti2m€’0gs:'fn;:g?“;?’33;? 5,041,569 8/1991 Enomoto et a1. ................. 549/531 _ FOREIGN PATENTDOCUMENTS [73] Asslgnee: Tokai Denka Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha, Tokyo, Japan 3602254 7/1987 Fed. Rep. of Germany .... _ 549/531 Primary Examiner-J. E. Evans 1211 APPL N04 772,556 Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Scully, Scott, Murphy & Presser [22] Filed: Oct. 7, 1991 [57] ABSTRACT [30] Foreign Application Priority Data Styrene oxide is prepared by reacting styrene and by Oct. 5, 1990 [JP] Japan ................................ 2-266420 drogen Peroxide in 1 heleroge?ous System in the Pres ence of a bis tri-n-alkyltinoxy) molybdic acid and an [51] Int. Cl.5 .......................................... .. C07D 301/12 inorganic anion. [52] us 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 549531 [58] Field of Search ....................................... .. 549/531 6 Claims, N0 Drawings

Transcript of US5155241 Benzaldehyde From Styrene

Page 1: US5155241 Benzaldehyde From Styrene

8/12/2019 US5155241 Benzaldehyde From Styrene

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/us5155241-benzaldehyde-from-styrene 1/4

l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l I l l l l l l l l l | | l | | l l l l l l l l l l I I I I I I I I I H I I I I I I I I l l l l l l | | |USOO5l55241A

United- States Patent [ 1 9 ] [ 1 1 ] P a t e n t N u m b e r : 5 , 1 5 5 , 2 4 1

N i s h i b e e t a 1 . [ 4 5 ] Date o f P a t e n t : O c t . 1 3 , 1 9 9 2

[ 5 4 ] PROCESS FOR PREPARING STYRENE [ 5 6 ] R e f e r e n c e s C i t e d

OXIDE us. PATENT DOCUMENTS

[ 7 5 ] Inventors; K e i i c h i N i s h i b e , Takaoka; S e i i c h i 2 , 4 3 1 , 7 1 8 1 2 / 1 9 4 7 Wilder 8 a 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 4 9 / 5 3 1

R e n g a k u j i ; Masami I n o u e ‘ both o f 3 , 8 0 6 , 4 6 7 4 / 1 9 7 4 W a t a n a b e e t a l . 5 4 9 / 5 3 1. - . ' - 4,418,203 11/1983 Kim ................... . 549/531

;(i’ti2m€’0gs:'fn;:g?“;?’33;? 5 , 0 4 1 , 5 6 9 8 / 1 9 9 1 Enomoto e t a 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 4 9 / 5 3 1

_ FOREIGNPATENTDOCUMENTS

[ 7 3 ] A s s l g n e e : T o k a i D e n k a K o g y o K a b u s h i k iK a i s h a , Tokyo, Japan 3 6 0 2 2 5 4 7 / 1 9 8 7 F e d . R e p . o f Germany . . . . _ 5 4 9 / 5 3 1

P r i m a r y Examiner-J. E . Evans1 2 1 1 APPL N04 7 7 2 , 5 5 6 A t t o r n e y , A g e n t , o r F i r m - S c u l l y , S c o t t , Murphy &

Presser

[ 2 2 ] F i l e d : O c t . 7 , 1 9 9 1[ 5 7 ] ABSTRACT

[ 3 0 ] F o r e i g n A p p l i c a t i o n P r i o r i t y D a t a S t y r e n e o x i d e i s p r e p a r e d b y r e a c t i n g s t y r e n e a n d b y

O c t . 5 , 1 9 9 0 [ J P ] J a p a n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 - 2 6 6 4 2 0 dr ogen Peroxide i n 1 heleroge?ous System i n t h e P r e s

ence of a b i s t r i - n - a l k y l t i n o x y ) molybdic a c i d and an[ 5 1 ] I n t . C l . 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C07D 301/ 1 2 inorganic anion.

[52] us1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 549 531

[ 5 8 ] F i e l d o f Search . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 549/531 6 Claims, N0 Dr awings

Page 2: US5155241 Benzaldehyde From Styrene

8/12/2019 US5155241 Benzaldehyde From Styrene

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/us5155241-benzaldehyde-from-styrene 2/4

5 , 1 5 5 , 2 4 11

PROCESS FOR PREPARING STYRENE OXIDE

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

T h e p r e s e n t i n v e n t i o n r e l a t e s t o a p r o c e s s of prepar

i n g s t y r e n e o x i d e b y t h e r e a c t i o n o f s t y r e n e a n d h y d r o

g e n p e r o x i d e i n t h e p r e s e n c e o f a c a t a l y s t .S t y r e n e o x i d e i s u s e d over a wide r a n g e o f ? e l d , f o r

example a s a s t a b i l i z e r f o r polymers, an u l t r a v i o l e t ray

a b s o r b e r , a s t a r t i n g m a t e r i a l i n t h e p r e p a r a t i o n o f d r u g s ,

a s t a b i l i z e r f o r s o l v e n t s , o r a s a s t a r t i n g m a t e r i a l f o r

p h e n e t h y l a l c o h o l a n d p h e n e t h y l a l d e h y d e which a r e

u s e f u l a s s y n t h e t i c p e r f u m e s a n d s w e e t e n i n g m a t e r i a l s .For p r e p a r i n g s t y r e n e o x i d e b y t h e e p o x i d a t i o n o f

s t y r e n e t h e r e g e n e r a l l y i s a d o p t e d a p r o c e s s i n which

s t y r e n e i s e p o x i d i z e d u s i n g a n o r g a n i c p e r a c i d , a s d e

s c r i b e d i n J a p a n e s e P a t e n t L a i d Open N o . 1 4 9 2 7 1 / 1 9 8 0 .

However, t h i s p r o c e s s i n v o l v e s t h e f o l l o w i n g drawb a c k s a n d i s n o t a l w a y s s a t i s f a c t o r y .

( 1 ) D u r i n g t h e r e a c t i o n o f o x i d i z in g s t y r e n e w i t h a n

o r g a n i c p e r a c i d , t h e o r g a n i c p e r a c i d i s d e c o m p o s e dand t h e r e occurs an a d d i t i o n r e a c t i o n of h e r e s u l t

i n g r a d i ca l t o s t y r e n e , t h u s r e s u l t i n g i n t h a t t h e

s e l e c t i v i t y o f s t y r e n e o x i d e w i t h r e s p e c t t o s t y r e n e

i s d e t e r i o r a t e d .

( 2 ) The r e s u l t i n g s t y r e n e o x i d e c l e a v e s i n t h e p r e s

ence o f a n o r g a n i c a c i d byproduced a f t e r t h e r e a c

t i o n , t h e r e b y p r o d u c i n g a n e s t e r and a hydroxy

c o m p o u n d , w h e r e b y t h e s e l e c t i v i t y o f s t y r e n e

o x i d e w i t h r e s p e c t t o s t y r e n e i s d e t e r i o r a t e d .

( 3 ) P e r a c e t i c a c i d which i s most e a s i l y a v a i l a b l e i n

d u s t r i a l l y among o r g a n i c p e r a c i d s i s p r e p a r e d b y a

s o - c a l l e d D a i c e l - W a c k e r p r o c e s s c o m p r i s i n g a i r

o x i d a t i o n o f a c e t a l d e h y d e , b u t i t i s a v e r y e x p e n s i v e

o x i d i z i n g a g e n t .4 ) I n o r d e r t o a v o i d a p o s s i b l e danger i n t h e u s e o f an

o r g a n i c p e r a c i d i t i s n e c e s s a r y t o pay c l o s e a t t e n

t i o n t o b o t h o p e r a t i o n a n d e q u i p m e n t .

O n h e o t h e r h a n d , a n o x i d a t i o n r e a c t i o n u s i n g hydro

gen p e r o x i d e byproduces o n l y water and does n o t c a u s e

t h e p r o b l e m o f e n v i r o n m e n t a l p o l l u t i o n ; b e s i d e s , h y d r og e n p e r o x i d e i s e a s i l y a v a i l a b l e i n d u s t r i a l l y a n d i s i n e x

p e n s i v e . I n p r i n c i p l e , t h e r e f o r e , h y d r o g e n p e r o x i d e i s a

d e s i r a b l e e p o x i d i z i n g a g e n t . I n t h e p r e p a r a t i o n o f a n

e p o x i d e b y t h e r e a c t i o n o f s t y r e n e a n d h y d r o g e n p e r o x

i d e , h o w e v e r , t h e s t y r e n e c o n v e r s i o n a n d t h e s e l e c t i v i t yt o t h e e p o x i d e a r e b o t h l o w . T h e l ow c o n v e r s i o n i s

b e c a u s e hydrogen p e r o x i d e r e m a i n s u n r e a c t e d i n t h e

r e a c t i o n performed a t a l ow t e m p e r a t u r e , w h i l e i n t h er e a c t i o n p e r f o r m e d a t a h i g h t e m p e r a t u r e hydrogen

p e r o x i d e d e c o m p o s e s a n d p r o d u c e s o x y g e n , a n d t h u s

hydrogen p e r o x i d e i s n o t e f f e c t i v e l y consumed i n reac

t i o n .

The r e a s o n w hy t h e s e l e c t i v i t y t o e p o x i d e i s low i s

t h a t water which i s i n t r o d u c e d i n t o t h e r e a c t i o n s y s t e m

t o g e t h e r w i t h h y d r o g e n p e r o x i d e a n d w a t e r r e s u l t i n gfrom t h e r e a c t i o n b o t h c a u s e t h e f o r m a t i o n o f p o l y o l .

The r e a c t i v i t y o f s t y r e n e i n e p o x i d a t i o n i s a s t a b u

l a t e d b e l o w ( s e e “ E n c y c l o p e d i a o f P o l y m e r S c i e n c e

a n d T e c h n o l o g y ” V 0 ] . V1 ( 1 9 6 7 ) , I n t e r s c i e n c e P u b l i s h

e r s , New o r k , p . 8 3 ) . The e p o x i d i z i n g s p e e d o f s t y r e n e

i s r e l a t i v e l y low i n c o m p a r i s o n w i t h o t h e r o l e ? n s ; f o r

e x a m p l e , i t i s a b o u t one t e n t h a s compared with a r e l a

t i v e r e a c t i v i t y i n t h e e p o x i d a t i o n o f c y c l o he x e n e , t h u s

i n d i c a t i n g t h a t t h e e p o x i d a t i o n r e a c t i o n r a t e o f s t y r e n e

i s very l o w .

20

2 5

3 0

4 5

50

5 5

6 5

2

O l e f i n R e l a t i v e R e a c t i v it y

CHZICHZ l

C6H 5CH3—CH=CH3 l lR—CH:CH3 2 5

Ar~CH=CH—Ar 2 7

Ar-CH2CH3 6 0Ar—CI-I:CH—R 240

(Ar)gC=CH3 2 5 0

R—CH:CH—R 5 0 0

(R)3C:CH3 5 0 0c y c l o h e x e n e 6 7 5

C y c l o h e p t e n e 9 0 0

C y c l o p e n t e n e 1 0 0 0

(R)3C=CH—R 6 5 0 0

(R)2C—=CH(R)2 > > 5 0 0

I n t h e a b o v e t a b l e , A r a n d R e p r e s e n t a r y l a n d a l k y l ,r e s p e c t i v e l y .

I n o r d e r t o s o l v e t h e above-mentioned problems i n

v o l v e d i n t h e p r e p a r a t i o n o f s t y r e n e o x i d e by t h e r e a c

t i o n o f s t y r e n e a n d h y d r o g e n p e r o x i d e , t h e r e h a s he r e t o

f o r e b e e n p r o p o s e d t h e u s e o f a s p e c i ? c c a t a l y s t .F o r e x a m p l e , a c c o r d i n g t o J . O r g . Chem, 5 3 , 1 5 5 3 ,

1 9 8 8 ) , s t y r e n e o x i d e i s o b t a i n e d i n 74 y i e l d b a s e d on

hydrogen p e r o x i d e ) i f a q u a t e r n a r y ammonium s a l t o f

p h o s p h o t u n g s t i c a c i d i s u s e d a s a hydrogen p e r o x i d e

e p o x i d i z i n g c a t a l y s t . A l t h o u g h t h i s r e p o r t e d p r o c e s s i s

g r e a t l y improved i n t h e y i e l d o f s t y r e n e o x i d e a s c o m

p a r e d w i t h o t h e r c o n v e n t i o n a l p r o c e s s e s , i t i s d i f ? c u l t

t o adopt t o n an i n d u s t r i a l s c a l e because t h e quaternary

ammonium s a l t a n i n t e r p h a s e t r a n s f e r c a t a l y s t ) u s e d a s

a c a t a l y s t component i s e v e r y e x p e n s i v e .

I n J a p a n e s e P a t e n t L a i d Open No. 1 2 9 2 7 6 / 1 9 8 0 t h e r e

i s proposed a p r o c e s s wherein s t y r e n e and hydrogen

p e r o x i d e a r e r e a c t e d i n t h e p r e s e n c e o f a r s e n i c o x i d e

a n d 3 , 5 - d i ~ t e r t b u t y l - 4 - h y d r o x y t o l u e n e . However, a

combined u s e o f a r s e n i c o x i d e w i t h aqueous hydrogen

p e r o x i d e i n v o l v e s s u c h d r a w b a c k s a s r a p i d d e c o m p o s i

t i o n o f h y d r o g e n p e r o x i d e a n d a low e p o x i d i z i n g s p e e d .

F u r t h e r , s i n c e a r s e n i c compounds a r e s t r o n g i n t o x i c i t y ,i t i s n e c e s s a r y t o pay c l o s e a t t e n t i o n t o t h e manufactur

i n g e q u i p m e n t t o p r e v e n t p o i s o n i n g d u r i n g p r o d u c t i o nand a l s o d u r i n g u s e o f t h e r e s u l t i n g p r o d u c t s w i t h t h e

a r s e n i c c o m p o u n d s i n c o r p o r a t e d t h e r e i n .I n U S. P a t . No. 3 , 8 0 6 , 4 6 7 t h e r e i s proposed a p r o c e s s

wherein a n o l e ? n and hydrogen p e r o x i d e a r e r e a c t e d i n

t h e p r e s e n c e o f a b i s t r i - n - m e t h y l t i n o x y ) m o l y b d i c a c i d

c a t a l y s t t o p r e p a r e an e p o x i d e . H o w e v e r , a s l o n g a s t h e

w o r k i n g Examples t h e r e o f a r e r e v i e w e d , t h e y i e l d o f

s t y r e n e o x i d e i s a l i t t l e lower t h a n 3 b a s e d o n hydro

gen p e r o x i d e ) and t h u s t h i s p r o p o s e d p r o c e s s c a n n o t b ec o n s i d e r e d p r e f e r a b l e a s a s t y r e n e o x i d e p r e p a r i n g pro

c e s s a l t h o u g h t h e y i e l d o f c y c l o h e x e n e e p o x i d e i s h i g h

and t h e p r o c e s s i n q u e s t i o n i s e f f e c t i v e a s a c y c l o h e x e n e

e p o x i d e p r e p a r i n g p r o c e s s . I t i s p r e s u m e d t h a t t h e l o wy i e l d o f s t y r e n e o x i d e i n t h e s a i d p r o c e s s i s b e c a u s e t h e

r e s u l t i n g s t y r e n e o x i d e c l e a v e s o x i d a t i v e l y a n d b y

p r o d u c e s b e n z a l d e h y d e a n d f u r t h e r b e n z o i c a c i d .The b i s t r i - n - m e t h y l t i n o x y ) m o l y b d i c a c i d c a t a l y s t

d e s c r i b e d i n t h e above US. P a t . No. 3 , 8 0 6 , 4 6 7 i s i n e x

p e n s i v e a n d e a s i l y a v a i l a b l e i n d u s t r i a l l y a n d c a n b e ? x e d

t o a c t i v e c a r b o n and a l s o t o o r g a n i c a d s o r b e n t r e s i n s ,

t h u s p e r m i t t i n g t h e r e a c t i o n t o be c a r r i e d o u t i n a h e t e r

o g e n e o u s c a t a l y s t s y s t e m a n d t h e r e b y p e r m i t t i n g e a s y

s e p a r a t i o n o f t h e c a t a l y s t f r o m t h e r e a c t i o n s y s t e m .

I t i s t h e o b j e c t o f t h e p r e s e n t i n v e n t i o n t o s o l v e t h e

a b o v e - m e n t i o n e d p r o b l e m s o f t h e p r o c e s s p r o p o s e d i n

t h e f o r e g o i n g U S. P a t . No. 3 , 8 0 6 , 4 6 7 and p r o v i d e a n

Page 3: US5155241 Benzaldehyde From Styrene

8/12/2019 US5155241 Benzaldehyde From Styrene

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/us5155241-benzaldehyde-from-styrene 3/4

5 , 1 5 5 , 2 4 13

i m p r o v e d p r oc e s s c a p a b l e o f s u p p r e s s i n g t h e f o r m a t i o n

o f b y p r o d u c t s a n d a f f o r d i n g s t y r e n e o x i d e i n h i g h y i e l du n d e r a p p l i c a t i o n o f t h e p r o c e s s p r o p o s e d i n t h e s a i d

U . S . p a t e n t t o t h e p r e p a r a t i o n o f s t y r e n e o x i d e from

s t y r e n e .

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

T h e p r e s e n t i n v e n t i o n r e s i d e s i n a p r o c e s s o f p r e p a r

i n g , s t y r e n e o x i d e b y t h e r e a c t i o n o f s t y r e n e a n d h y d r ogen p e r o x i d e i n t h e p r e s e n c e o f a l k y l t i n o x i d e - molyb

d i c a c i d c a t a l y s t , wherein a n i n o r g a n i c a n i o n i s made

p r e s e n t a s a promoter i n t h e r e a c t i o n and t h e r e a c t i o n i s

c a r r i e d o u t i n a heterogeneous s y s t e m .

T he p r o c e s s o f t h e p r e s e n t i n v e n t i o n can a f f o r d t h e

d e s i r e d st y r e n e o x i d e i n h i g h a c t i v i t y a n d h i g h s e l e c t i vi t y a t a low t e m p e r a t u r e .

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE

INVENTION

The h y d r o g e n p e r o x i d e u s e d i n t h e p r e s e n t i n v e n t i o n

may b e a c ommonly-used o n e . An aqueous s o l u t i o n

c o n t a i n i n g 5 t o 9 0 wt f hydrogen p e r o x i d e i s e m

p l o y a b l e , b u t i t i s d e s i r a b l e t o u s e a 10-70 wt queouss o l u t i o n t h e r e o f which i s a v a i l a b l e e a s i l y .

I n t h e r e a c t i o n o f s t y r e n e ’ a n d h y d r o g e n p e r o x i d e ,

both may be u s e d i n a n equimolar amount. But e i t h e r o f

t h e t w o may be used i n a too s m a l l or too l a r g e amount.

F or e x a m p l e , u s u a l l y 0 . 1 t o 3 . 0 m o l e s o f h y d r o g e n

p e r o x i d e i s e m p l o y a b l e , b u t p r e f e r a b l y 0 . 3 t o 2 . 0 m o l e s

o f h y d r o g e n p e r o x i d e i s u s e d , p e r m o l e o f s t y r e n e .

The a l k y l t i n o x i d e ~ molybdic a c i d c a t a l y s t u s e d i n t h e

p r e s e n t i n v e n t i o n c a n b e p r e p a r e d e a s i l y by a kn ow n

p r o c e s s . There may b e u s e d a n a d d i t i o n product p r e

p a r e d f r o m ammonium m o l y b d a t e a n d a l k y l t i n o x i d e

w hi c h a r e c a t a l y s t components, o r t h e c a t a l y s t c o m p o

n e n t s may be added s e p a r a t e l y i n t o t h e r e a c t i o n s y s t e m

and t h e r e a c t i o n may be allowed t o t a k e p l a c e i n s i t u .As a l k y l t i n o x i d e s e m p l o y a b l e i n t h e i n v e n t i o n t h e r e

a r e d i a l k y l t i n o x i d e s a n d t r i a l k y l t i n o x i d e s . P r e f e r r e d

a l k y l groups a r e t h o s e having 1 t o 1 8 carbon a t o m s ,

p a r t i c u l a r l y n - a l k y l g r o u p s h a v i n g 1 t o 8 c a r b o n a t o m s .

E x a m p l e s o f s u c h a l k y l t i n o x i d e s i n c l u d e d i - n - m e t h y l t i n

o x i d e , d i - n - e t h y l t i n o x i d e , d i - n - p r o p y l t i n o x i d e , d i - nb u t y l t i n o x i d e , d i - n - o c t y l t i n o x i d e , t r i - n - m e m t h y l t i no x i d e , t r i - n - e t h y l t i n o x i d e , t r i - n - p r o p y l t i n o x i d e , t r i - nb u t y l t i n o x i d e , a n d t r i - n ‘ o c t y l t i n o x i d e .

The amount o f t h e c a t a l y s t t o b e u s e d i s u s u a l l y l a r g e r

t h a n 0 . 0 0 0 1 m o l e , p r e f e r a b l y l a r g e r t h a n 0 . 0 0 1 m o l e .

The u p p e r l i m i t t h e r e o f i s n o t s p e c i a l l y l i m i t e d , b u t

u s u a l l y i t i s l e s s t h a n 0 . 1 m o l e , p r e f e r a b l y l e s s t h a n 0 . 0 1

m o l e .

A s examples of h e i n o r g a n i c a n i o n u s e d a s a p r o m o

t o r t h e r e a r e mentioned s u l f a t e i o n and n i t r a t e i o n . T h e

amount o f t h e i n o r g a n i c a n i o n i s u s u a l l y i n t h e r a n g e o f

0 . 1 t o 6 . 0 m o l e s , p r e f e r a b l y 0 . 3 t o 2 . 0 m o l e s , p e r mole o f

t h e m o l y b d i c a c i d c a t a l y s t . The i n o r g a n i c a n i o n c a n b e

foremed by t h e a d d i t i o n o f a s a l t t h e r e o f , e . g . sodium

s u l f a t e , sodium n i t r a t e , o r p o t a s s i u m s u l f a t e .The e p o x i d a t i o n r e a c t i o n i n t h e p r e s e n t i n v e n t i o n i s

conducted i n a h e t e r o g e n e o u s s y s t e m , which i s formed

u s i n g a n o r g a n i c s o l v e n t i m m i s c i b l e w i t h w a t e r . Mo r e

p a r t i c u l a r l y , t h e s t a r t i n g s t y r e n e and s t y r e n e o x i d e a s a n

o x i d a t i o n product a r e p r e s e n t i n a d i s s o l v e d s t a t e i n t h e

w a t e r - i m m i s c i b l e o r g a n i c s o l v e n t , w h i l e h y d r o g e n p e r ~

o x i d e i s p r e s e n t i n t h e aqueous p h a s e , and t h u s t h e r e a r e

formed two p h a s e s which a r e t h e o r g a n i c s o l v e n t p h a s eand t h e a q u e o u s p h a s e .

2 5

30

3 5

4 5

5 5

6 5

4By u s i n g a n o r g a n i c s o l v e n t i m m i s ib l e w i t h w a t e r i t i s

made p o s s i b l e t o a v o i d t h e c o n t a c t between s t y r e n e

oxide a s an oxidation product and water.

The o r g a n i c s o l v e n t e m p l o y a b l e i n t h e i n v e n t i o n i s

n o t s p e c ia l l y l i m i t e d i f o n l y i t i s i n e r t t o t h e r e a c t i o n and

i m m i s c i b l e with w a t e r . Examples t h e r e o f i n c l u d e m o n o

c h l o r o m e t h a n e , d i c h l o r o m e t h a n e , c h l o r o f o r m , c a r b o n

t e t r a c h l o r i d e , d i c h l o r o e t h a n e , t r i c h l o r o e t h a n e , t e t r ac h l o r o e t h a n e , d i c h l o r o e t h y l e n e , t r i c h l o r o e t h y l e n e , t e t

r a c h l o r o e t h y l e n e , m o n o c h l o r o b e n z e n e , d i c h l o r o b e n

z e n e , b e n z e n e , t o l u e n e , x y l e n e , a n d m e s i t y l e n e .

T h e r e a c t i o n can be performed a t a r e l a t i v e l y l ow

t e m p e r a t u r e b e c a u s e t h e c a t a l y s t u s e d i n t h e p r e s e n t

i n v e n t i o n i s v e r y h i g h i n a c t i v i t y a s compared w i t h

c o n v e n t i o n a l c a t a l y s t s . The r e a c t i o n t e m p e r a t u r e i s

u s u a l l y i n t h e r a n g e o f 0 ° t o 7 0 ° C . , p r e f e r a b l y 1 0 ° t o 4 0 °

C.

The f o l l o w i n g e x a m p l e s a r e g i v e n t o i l l u s t r a t e t h e

p r e s e n t i n v e n t i o n i n mo r e d e t a i l , b u t t h e i n v e n t i o n i s n o t

l i m i t e d t h e r e t o a t a l l .

EXAMPLE

5 ml 4 3 . 7 mmol) o f s t y re n e , 5 ml o f m o n o c h l o r o r n et h a n e , 0 . 0 7 mmol o f ammonium m o l y b d a t e

[ N H 4 ) 6 M O 7 . 4 H 2 O ] , 1 mmol o f d i - n - o c t y l t i n o x i d e a n d0 . 6 mmol f sodium s u l f a t e we r e charged i n t o an Erlen

meyer ? a s k h a v i n g a c a p a c i t y o f 5 0 m l , t h e n s t i r r e d

t o g e t h e r with 1 ml o f water t r o o m temperature f o r 2 0

m i n u t e s . A f t e r t h e ammonium molybdate and t h e d i - n

o c t y l t i n o x i d e h a d b e e n d i s s o l v e d , 3 m l ( 4 3 . 7 mmol) o f

60 hydrogen p e r o x i d e was added a t a t i m e , f o l l o w e d

by immersion i n a c o n s t a n t t e m p e r a t u r e b a t h w i t h s h l t

i n g a p p a r a t u s h e l d a t 2 9 ° - 3 0 ° C . , and r e a c t i o n was a l

lowed t o p r o c e e d f o r 2 4 h o u r s .

S t y r e n e a n d s t y r e n e o x i d e were a n a l y z e d by g a s

c h r o m a t o g r a p h y y , w h i l e t h e amount o f r e s i d u a l h y d r o

gen p e r o x i d e was d e t e r m i n e d by i o d o m e t r i c t i t r a t i o n .T h e r e s u l t s obtained a r e a s s h o w n i n Table 1 .

EXAMPLE

Reaction w a s perf o rmed i n t h e same way s i n Exam

p l e 1 e x c e p t t h a t 0 . 6 mmo l o f sodium n i t r a t e was u s e d i n

p l a c e of sodium s u l f a t e . T h e r e s u l t s obtained a r e a s

s h o w n i n Table 1 .

COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE-l

Reaction w a s perf o rmed i n t h e same way s i n Exam

p l e - 1 e x c e p t t h a t t h e r e was u s e d no i n o r g a n i c a n i o n .

T h e r e s u l t s obtained a r e a s s e t f o r t h i n Table 1 .

TABLE

t o n h y d r o g e n E r o x i d e b a s i s )

C o n v e r s i o n Y i e l d S e l e c t i v i t y

C o m p a r a t i v e E x a m p l e - l 77 34 45Comparative Example-l 69 59 86

C o m p a r a t i v e E x a m p l e - 2 62 62 100

W h a t i s c l a i m e d i s :

1 . A r o c e s s f o r p r e p a r i n g s t y r e n e o x i d e which c o m

p r i s e s r e a c t i n g s t y r e n e a n d h y d r o g e n p e r o x i d e i n t h e

p r e s e n c e o f a n a l k y l t i n o x i d e - m o l y b d i c a c i d c a t a l y s t ,

c h a r a c t e r i z e d i n t h a t t h e r e a c t i o n i s c a r r i e d o u t i n a

h e t e r o g e n e o u s s y s t e m i n t h e p r e s e n c e o f a n i n o r g a n i c

a n i o n .

2 . A r o c e s s a s s e t f o r t h i n c l a i m 1 , wherein t h e a l l t y l

t i n o x i d e - m o l y b d i c a c i d i s a b i s t r i - n - a l k y l t i n o x y ) mo

l y b d i c a c i d .

Page 4: US5155241 Benzaldehyde From Styrene

8/12/2019 US5155241 Benzaldehyde From Styrene

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/us5155241-benzaldehyde-from-styrene 4/4

5 , 1 5 5 , 2 4 15

3 . A r o c e s s a s s e t f o r t h i n c l a i m 1 , wherein t h e h e t e r

ogenous s y s t e m c o m p r i s e s water and a n o r g a n i c s o l v e n t

i m m i s c i b l e w i t h w a t e r , t h e s t y r e n e a n d s t y r e n e o x i d e

b e i n g s o l u b l e t h e s o l v e n t .

4 . A r o c e s s a s s e t f o r t h i n c l a i m 1 , wherein t h e i n o r

g a n i c a n i o n i s s u l f a t e a n i o n o r n i t r a t e a n i o n .

5 . A p r o c e s s a s s e t f o r t h i n c l a i m 1 , wherein t h e

L I I

1 5

2 5

3 0

3 5

4 5

50

5 5

6 5

6amount of t h e i n o r g a n i c a n i o n i s i n t h e range of 0 . 1 t o

6 . 0 m o l e s p e r mole o f t h e a l k y l t i n o x i d e - m o l y b d i c a c i d

c a t a l y s t .6 . A rocess a s s e t f o r t h i n claim 1 , wh erein t h e r e a c

t i o n i s c a r r i e d o u t a t a temperature i n t h e range of 0 ° C .

t o 7 0 ° C .t i i * i t